CN114160783B - Vacuum casting equipment for multi-layer aluminum-based composite material - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention relates to a vacuum casting device for a multilayer aluminum matrix composite, which comprises: the device comprises a main vacuum bin and an auxiliary vacuum bin communicated with the inner side of the main vacuum bin, wherein the main vacuum bin and the auxiliary vacuum bin are separated by an isolation door, two transfer conveyor belts are arranged on the inner side of the main vacuum bin, one ends of the two transfer conveyor belts are connected through a U-shaped conveyor belt, two common conveyor belts are arranged on the inner side of the auxiliary vacuum bin, and the two common conveyor belts are positioned at one ends of the two transfer conveyor belts far away from the U-shaped conveyor belt; a central storage area for placing SiC particles is formed between the two transfer conveyor belts, and an automatic mechanical arm is arranged at the central storage area; the inner side of the main vacuum bin is positioned above the transfer conveyor belt, four smelting and casting furnaces are arranged above the transfer conveyor belt, and the main vacuum bin is communicated with the auxiliary vacuum bin and is further communicated with a vacuumizing assembly arranged on the auxiliary vacuum bin.

Description

Vacuum casting equipment for multilayer aluminum matrix composite material

technical field

The invention relates to the field of multilayer composite material casting, in particular to a vacuum casting equipment for multilayer aluminum matrix composite material.

Background technique

With the rapid development of science and technology, the requirements for materials in various fields are getting higher and higher, and it is difficult for single-layer materials to meet the performance requirements of complex parts for materials. Therefore, multi-layer composite materials are increasingly popular in enterprises and research institutes. Therefore, it is urgent to develop and design multi-layer aluminum matrix composite forming equipment.

The existing one-time casting and forming equipment and technology of multi-layer composite materials can form multi-layer composite materials at one time to realize short-process composite, so as to obtain composite materials; it is mainly used to prepare multi-layer plates and bars, and cannot Suitable for direct molding parts with complex shapes;

There is also layered metal composite material manufacturing equipment. This process installs the mandrel material in the center of the conductive crystallizer, heats and melts the electroslag through the consumable electrode, and at the same time uses the ultrasonic vibrator to perform ultrasonic treatment on the molten metal to achieve The purpose of grain refinement is achieved, and multi-layered composite materials are finally obtained. The quality of the products produced by this equipment is good, but there are problems such as high technical difficulty, high cost, and low production efficiency.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a vacuum casting equipment for multi-layer aluminum matrix composite materials, so as to solve the problems raised in the above-mentioned background technology.

To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

A vacuum casting equipment for multilayer aluminum matrix composite materials, comprising:

The main vacuum chamber and the auxiliary vacuum chamber connected with the inside of the main vacuum chamber, the main vacuum chamber and the auxiliary vacuum chamber are separated by an isolation door, two transfer conveyor belts are arranged on the inside of the main vacuum chamber, and two One end of the transfer conveyor belt is connected by a U-shaped conveyor belt, and the inner side of the auxiliary vacuum chamber is provided with two ordinary conveyor belts, and the two ordinary conveyor belts are located at the ends of the two transfer conveyor belts away from the U-shaped conveyor belt;

A central storage area for placing SiC particles is formed between the two transfer conveyor belts, and an automatic mechanical arm is arranged at the central storage area;

Four smelting and casting furnaces are arranged on the inside of the main vacuum chamber above the transfer conveyor belt, and the main vacuum chamber and the auxiliary vacuum chamber are also communicated with a vacuum assembly installed on the auxiliary vacuum chamber.

As a further solution of the present invention: the vacuum pumping assembly includes a vacuum pump installed on the auxiliary vacuum chamber, the vacuum pump is connected to an impeller cavity through a vacuum tube, and the impeller cavity is connected to the main vacuum tube through a main vacuum tube and a secondary vacuum tube respectively. The chamber communicates with the auxiliary vacuum chamber.

As a further solution of the present invention: the bottom of the smelting and casting furnace is installed with a casting pipe communicating with the inner side thereof, and an on-off valve is arranged on the casting pipe.

As a further solution of the present invention: a stirring mechanism is provided inside the smelting and casting furnace, the stirring mechanism includes a mechanical stirring assembly and an electromagnetic stirring assembly, the mechanical stirring assembly is driven by a motor, and the output shaft of the motor is also connecting the electromagnetic stirring assembly through a transmission assembly;

The motor is mounted on a receiving plate fixed with the melting and casting furnace through a mounting frame.

As a further solution of the present invention: the mechanical stirring assembly includes a stirring shaft rotatably mounted on the receiving plate and fixed to the output shaft of the motor, and a plurality of stirring rods mounted on the stirring shaft.

As a further solution of the present invention: the electromagnetic stirring assembly includes a yoke back slidingly connected to the inner wall of the melting and casting furnace through a guide assembly and a plurality of yoke end faces connected to the yoke back, and the yoke end faces are installed There are coils;

The back of the yoke is connected with the transmission assembly.

As a further solution of the present invention: the transmission assembly includes a push rod fixed to the back of the yoke and a connecting rod hinged on the push rod, the connecting rod and the crankshaft rotatably installed on the mounting frame Rotationally connected, the crankshaft is rotatably connected with the output shaft of the motor through a bevel gear set.

As a further solution of the present invention: the guide assembly includes a guide rod vertically fixed on the inner wall of the melting and casting furnace, and a guide sleeve sleeved on the guide rod and fixed to the back of the yoke.

As a further solution of the present invention: the upper end surface of the main vacuum chamber is hinged with a main vacuum chamber top cover, and the side of the auxiliary vacuum chamber away from the main vacuum chamber is hinged with an auxiliary isolation door.

Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is: the present invention is novel in design, and the processing process is operated in a vacuum environment, which avoids the energy loss caused by the material being rolled between various devices, thereby reducing the production cost , The purpose of improving product quality, high degree of automation, strong practicability.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of vacuum casting equipment for multilayer aluminum matrix composite materials.

Fig. 2 is a top view of vacuum casting equipment for multilayer aluminum matrix composites.

Fig. 3 is a schematic diagram of the connection state between the smelting casting furnace and the stirring mechanism in the vacuum casting equipment for multilayer aluminum matrix composite materials.

Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of the connection state between the electromagnetic stirring assembly and the melting and casting furnace in the vacuum casting equipment for multilayer aluminum matrix composite materials.

In the figure: 1-vacuum pump, 2-pair vacuum chamber, 3-pair isolation door, 4-common conveyor belt, 5-mold, 6-automatic mechanical arm, 7-casting tube, 8-U-shaped conveyor belt, 9-main vacuum chamber , 10-top cover of main vacuum chamber, 11-melting and casting furnace, 12-transfer conveyor belt, 13-main vacuum tube, 14-sub-vacuum tube, 15-vacuum tube, 16-motor, 17-receiving plate, 18-coil, 19-installation Frame, 20-crankshaft, 21-connecting rod, 22-pushing rod, 23-bevel gear set, 24-stirring shaft, 25-guiding assembly, 26-yoke back, 27-stirring rod, 28-yoke end face, 29 - Isolation door.

Detailed ways

The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some, not all, embodiments of the present invention. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art without making creative efforts belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In addition, an element in the present invention is said to be "fixed" or "disposed on" another element, and it may be directly on another element or an intervening element may also exist. When an element is referred to as being "connected to" another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "left," "right," and similar expressions are used herein for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to represent the only embodiments.

Please refer to Figures 1-2. In the embodiment of the present invention, a vacuum casting equipment for multi-layer aluminum matrix composite materials includes:

The main vacuum chamber 9 and the auxiliary vacuum chamber 2 communicating with the inside of the main vacuum chamber 9, the main vacuum chamber 9 and the auxiliary vacuum chamber 2 are separated by an isolation door 29, and the inside of the main vacuum chamber 9 is provided with two A transfer conveyor belt 12, and one end of the two transfer conveyor belts 12 is connected by a U-shaped conveyor belt 8, two common conveyor belts 4 are arranged on the inside of the auxiliary vacuum chamber 2, and the two common conveyor belts 4 are located between the two transfer conveyor belts. 12 away from one end of the U-shaped conveyor belt 8;

A central storage area for placing SiC particles is formed between the two transfer conveyor belts 12, and an automatic mechanical arm 6 is arranged at the central storage area;

The inner side of the main vacuum chamber 9 is located above the transfer conveyor belt 12 and four melting and casting furnaces 11 are arranged, and the main vacuum chamber 9 and the auxiliary vacuum chamber 4 are also installed on the auxiliary vacuum chamber 2 The vacuum component is connected.

In the embodiment of the present invention, the processing process is all operated in a vacuum environment, which avoids the energy loss caused by the material being tossed between various devices, thereby achieving the purpose of reducing production costs and improving product quality. The degree of automation is high and practical. Strong.

For the convenience of understanding, the present invention elaborates the above-mentioned specific work: add A356 aluminum alloy to two melting and casting furnaces 11, add A356 aluminum alloy to another melting and casting furnace 11, place SiC particles in the central storage area, and pass The vacuum component vacuumizes the main vacuum chamber 9 and the auxiliary vacuum chamber 2, so that the air pressure is less than 10Pa, turns on the four melting and casting furnaces 11, energizes the heating, and heats the raw materials to between 660-780°C until the A356 aluminum alloy is completely melted Finally, slag removal treatment is carried out; then SiC particles are added to two of the smelting and casting furnaces 11 through the automatic mechanical arm 6, and stirred, and the A356 aluminum alloy melt is poured by opening the valves of the casting pipes on the two smelting and casting furnaces 11. Cast them into two identical molds 5 for forming. After solidification, transfer them to the casting station under another melting and casting furnace through the transfer conveyor belt 12 and U-shaped conveyor belt 8. When the first layer of A356 is cooled to 100°C, open another melting Casting furnace 1 casts pipe valves, respectively casts the SiCp/A356 melt into two identical molds for forming, and the casted molds are grabbed by the automatic mechanical arm 6 to the central storage area, and the aluminum matrix composite is solidified by adjusting the main, The air pressure of the auxiliary vacuum chamber is balanced with the atmospheric pressure; first open the isolation door 29 between the main and auxiliary vacuum chambers, transfer the mold to the auxiliary vacuum chamber 2, then close the isolation door 29 and perform pressure relief on the auxiliary vacuum chamber 2, so that It is balanced with the pressure in the atmosphere, and sampling is carried out. After the sampling is completed, a new set of molds and raw materials are added from the auxiliary vacuum chamber 2, and the auxiliary vacuum chamber 2 is vacuumed. When the vacuum environment is reached, the main and auxiliary Vacuum chamber isolation door 29, transfer the mold to the designated position, add the raw materials into the corresponding melting and casting furnace, put the excess raw materials in the central storage area, and add them through the automatic mechanical arm 6 when the raw materials in the melting and casting furnace are exhausted Go in, repeat the operation, and cycle stable production.

As another embodiment of the present invention, the vacuum assembly includes a vacuum pump 1 installed on the auxiliary vacuum chamber 2, the vacuum pump 1 is connected to an impeller cavity through a vacuum tube 15, and the impeller cavity is connected to the main vacuum tube 13 and the auxiliary vacuum chamber. The vacuum tubes 14 communicate with the main vacuum chamber 9 and the auxiliary vacuum chamber 2 respectively.

When the set vacuum pump 1 works, a negative pressure is generated in the impeller cavity, so that the air in the main vacuum chamber 9 and the auxiliary vacuum chamber 2 is drawn out through the main vacuum pipe 13 and the auxiliary vacuum pipe 14, so that the main vacuum chamber 9 and the auxiliary vacuum chamber 2 form a vacuum. environment.

It should be noted that the main vacuum tube 13 and the secondary vacuum tube 14 are equipped with control valves, so that the main vacuum tube 13 and the secondary vacuum tube 14 can be opened and used independently under specific requirements.

As another embodiment of the present invention, the bottom of the smelting and casting furnace 11 is equipped with a casting pipe 7 communicating with the inner side thereof, and the casting pipe 7 is provided with an on-off valve, and the provided on-off valve controls the opening of the casting pipe 7. To realize the outflow of the hot melt in the smelting and casting furnace 11 to realize pouring.

As another embodiment of the present invention, a stirring mechanism is provided inside the melting and casting furnace 11, the stirring mechanism includes a mechanical stirring assembly and an electromagnetic stirring assembly, the mechanical stirring assembly is driven by a motor 16, and the motor 16 The output shaft is also connected to the electromagnetic stirring assembly through the transmission assembly;

The motor 16 is mounted on a receiving plate 17 fixed with the melting and casting furnace 11 through a mounting bracket 19 .

The set motor 16 drives the mechanical stirring assembly to move when it works, and at the same time drives the electromagnetic stirring assembly to change its position in the melting and casting furnace 11 through the transmission assembly. The present invention effectively improves the stirring effect and increases the Thermal fusion efficiency, wherein, it should be noted that the stirring direction of the mechanical stirring is opposite to that of the electromagnetic stirring.

Specifically, the mechanical stirring assembly includes a stirring shaft 24 rotatably mounted on the receiving plate 17 and fixed to the output shaft of the motor 16 , and a plurality of stirring rods 27 mounted on the stirring shaft 24 .

The provided motor 16 drives the stirring shaft 24 to rotate when it works, and drives multiple groups of stirring rods 27 to rotate when the stirring shaft 24 rotates, thereby realizing the stirring effect on the hot melt.

Further, the electromagnetic stirring assembly includes a yoke back 26 slidingly connected to the inner wall of the melting and casting furnace 11 through a guide assembly 25 and a plurality of yoke end surfaces 28 connected to the yoke back 26, and the yoke end surfaces 28 Coil 18 is installed on it;

The yoke back 26 is connected with the transmission assembly.

Wherein, it should be noted that each yoke end surface 28 is inclined relative to the yoke back 26, and the inclination angle relative to the vertical direction is 40°, wherein the coil 3 can be made of copper wire, hollow copper tube or other high The coil 3 can be connected with two-phase or three-phase alternating current, the current is 20A, and the frequency is 10Hz.

It should also be noted that, in order to prevent the melting and casting furnace 11 from affecting the electromagnetic stirring, the melting and casting furnace 11 is made of non-magnetic stainless steel.

The transmission assembly includes a push rod 22 fixed to the yoke back 26 and a connecting rod 21 hinged on the push rod 22, and the connecting rod 21 rotates with the crankshaft 20 rotatably mounted on the mounting frame 19 connected, the crankshaft 20 is rotationally connected with the output shaft of the motor 16 through a bevel gear set 23 .

In the embodiment of the present invention, the set motor 16 drives the crankshaft 20 to rotate through the bevel gear set 23 during operation, and when the crankshaft 20 rotates, the action of the connecting rod 21 and the push rod 22 can drive the yoke back 26 to reciprocate in the vertical direction. , thereby improving the electromagnetic stirring effect.

The guide assembly 25 includes a guide rod vertically fixed on the inner wall of the melting and casting furnace 11 and a guide sleeve sleeved on the guide rod and fixed to the yoke back 26 .

The upper end surface of the main vacuum chamber 9 is hinged with a main vacuum chamber top cover 10 , and the side of the auxiliary vacuum chamber 2 away from the main vacuum chamber 9 is hinged with an auxiliary isolation door 3 .

It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the invention is not limited to the details of the above-described exemplary embodiments, but that the invention can be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential characteristics of the invention. Accordingly, the embodiments should be regarded in all points of view as exemplary and not restrictive, the scope of the invention being defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description, and it is therefore intended that the scope of the invention be defined by the appended claims rather than by the foregoing description. All changes within the meaning and range of equivalents of the elements are embraced in the present invention. Any reference sign in a claim should not be construed as limiting the claim concerned.

In addition, it should be understood that although this specification is described according to implementation modes, not each implementation mode only contains an independent technical solution, and this description in the specification is only for clarity, and those skilled in the art should take the specification as a whole , the technical solutions in the various embodiments can also be properly combined to form other implementations that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims (9)

1. A vacuum casting apparatus for a multilayer aluminum matrix composite, comprising:

the conveying device comprises a main vacuum bin (9) and an auxiliary vacuum bin (2) communicated with the inner side of the main vacuum bin (9), wherein the main vacuum bin (9) is separated from the auxiliary vacuum bin (2) through an isolation door (29), two transfer conveyor belts (12) are arranged on the inner side of the main vacuum bin (9), one ends of the two transfer conveyor belts (12) are connected through a U-shaped conveyor belt (8), two common conveyor belts (4) are arranged on the inner side of the auxiliary vacuum bin (2), and the two common conveyor belts (4) are located at one ends, far away from the U-shaped conveyor belt (8), of the two transfer conveyor belts (12);

a central storage area for placing SiC particles is formed between the two transfer conveyor belts (12), and an automatic mechanical arm (6) is arranged at the central storage area;

the inner side of the main vacuum bin (9) is positioned above the transfer conveyor belt (12) and is provided with four smelting and casting furnaces (11), and the main vacuum bin (9) is communicated with the auxiliary vacuum bin (2) and is also communicated with a vacuumizing assembly arranged on the auxiliary vacuum bin (2).

2. The vacuum casting equipment for the multilayer aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, wherein the vacuum pumping assembly comprises a vacuum pump (1) installed on the secondary vacuum chamber (2), the vacuum pump (1) is connected with an impeller cavity through a vacuum pipe (15), and the impeller cavity is respectively communicated with the primary vacuum chamber (9) and the secondary vacuum chamber (2) through a main vacuum pipe (13) and a secondary vacuum pipe (14).

3. The vacuum casting equipment for the multilayer aluminum matrix composite according to claim 1, characterized in that the bottom of the smelting and casting furnace (11) is provided with a casting pipe (7) communicated with the inside, and the casting pipe (7) is provided with a switch valve.

4. The vacuum casting equipment for the multilayer aluminum-based composite material is characterized in that a stirring mechanism is arranged on the inner side of the smelting and casting furnace (11), the stirring mechanism comprises a mechanical stirring component and an electromagnetic stirring component, the mechanical stirring component is driven by a motor (16), and an output shaft of the motor (16) is also connected with the electromagnetic stirring component through a transmission component;

the motor (16) is arranged on a bearing plate (17) fixed with the smelting and casting furnace (11) through a mounting frame (19).

5. The equipment for vacuum casting of multilayer aluminum matrix composites as claimed in claim 4, wherein said mechanical stirring assembly comprises a stirring shaft (24) rotatably mounted on said bearing plate (17) and fixed with the output shaft of said motor (16) and a plurality of stirring rods (27) mounted on said stirring shaft (24).

6. The vacuum casting equipment for the multilayer aluminum-based composite material is characterized in that the electromagnetic stirring assembly comprises a yoke back (26) which is connected with the inner wall of the smelting and casting furnace (11) in a sliding way through a guide assembly (25) and a plurality of yoke end faces (28) which are connected with the yoke back (26), and coils (18) are arranged on the yoke end faces (28);

the magnetic yoke back (26) is connected with the transmission assembly.

7. The vacuum casting equipment for multilayer aluminum-based composite material according to claim 6, characterized in that the transmission assembly comprises a push rod (22) fixed with the yoke back (26) and a connecting rod (21) hinged on the push rod (22), the connecting rod (21) is rotatably connected with a crankshaft (20) rotatably installed on the mounting frame (19), and the crankshaft (20) is rotatably connected with an output shaft of the motor (16) through a bevel gear set (23).

8. The vacuum casting equipment for the multilayer aluminum matrix composite according to claim 6, wherein the guide assembly (25) comprises a guide rod vertically fixed on the inner wall of the smelting and casting furnace (11) and a guide sleeve sleeved on the guide rod and fixed with the magnetic yoke back (26).

9. The vacuum casting equipment for the multilayer aluminum-based composite material according to claim 1, characterized in that the upper end surface of the main vacuum chamber (9) is hinged with a main vacuum chamber top cover (10), and one side of the auxiliary vacuum chamber (2) far away from the main vacuum chamber (9) is hinged with an auxiliary isolation door (3).

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