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CN114156846A - Low-loss multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker and control method thereof - Google Patents

Low-loss multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker and control method thereof Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114156846A
CN114156846A CN202111460731.0A CN202111460731A CN114156846A CN 114156846 A CN114156846 A CN 114156846A CN 202111460731 A CN202111460731 A CN 202111460731A CN 114156846 A CN114156846 A CN 114156846A
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China
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circuit breaker
switch
resonant
mechanical switch
terminal
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CN202111460731.0A
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CN114156846B (en
Inventor
朱晋
郭心铭
曾庆鹏
韦统振
霍群海
尹靖元
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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Institute of Electrical Engineering of CAS
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    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/26Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured
    • H02H7/268Sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, e.g. for disconnecting a section on which a short-circuit, earth fault, or arc discharge has occured for DC systems
    • HELECTRICITY
    • H02GENERATION; CONVERSION OR DISTRIBUTION OF ELECTRIC POWER
    • H02HEMERGENCY PROTECTIVE CIRCUIT ARRANGEMENTS
    • H02H7/00Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions
    • H02H7/22Emergency protective circuit arrangements specially adapted for specific types of electric machines or apparatus or for sectionalised protection of cable or line systems, and effecting automatic switching in the event of an undesired change from normal working conditions for distribution gear, e.g. bus-bar systems; for switching devices
    • YGENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02EREDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/60Arrangements for transfer of electric power between AC networks or generators via a high voltage DC link [HVCD]

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  • Driving Mechanisms And Operating Circuits Of Arc-Extinguishing High-Tension Switches (AREA)
  • Keying Circuit Devices (AREA)

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of multi-terminal direct current circuit breakers, particularly relates to a low-loss multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker and a control method thereof, and aims to solve the problems of high loss and high cost of the existing bridge type multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker. The invention comprises the following steps: the positive end of the main circuit breaker is connected to a direct current bus and connected with the positive end of the mechanical switch group, the negative end of the main circuit breaker is connected to the positive end of the resonant circuit, the negative end of the mechanical switch group is connected to the negative end of the resonant circuit, and the output end of the mechanical switch group serves as the output end of the low-loss multi-end direct current circuit breaker and is used for supplying power to the positive electrode of a corresponding direct current circuit. The mechanical switches are mutually backed up, and a multiplex resonance circuit formed by the resonance inductor, the resonance capacitor, the switch and the diode is utilized to generate high-frequency resonance current to guide the current of the mechanical switches to perform zero-crossing arc extinguishing, so that the mechanical switch has the advantages of high switching reliability, small volume, low loss and low cost.

Description

Low-loss multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker and control method thereof
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of multi-terminal direct current circuit breakers, and particularly relates to a low-loss multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker and a control method thereof.
Background
In some application scenarios, one dc bus of the dc power grid has a plurality of dc outgoing lines. In order to selectively cut off a faulty line, each dc line port needs to be configured with a dc breaker, however, this configuration is too costly to build. A single multi-terminal direct-current circuit breaker is used for replacing a plurality of direct-current circuit breakers, so that a plurality of ports share expensive breaking equipment, the construction cost can be effectively reduced, and the line breaking efficiency is improved.
A bridge type multi-terminal direct current breaker is characterized in that a main breaker part with the highest cost is shared. The method has a strong economic application prospect in a direct current power grid. However, such a bridge-type multi-terminal dc breaker has some drawbacks: firstly, the redundancy is low, a self-protection function is not provided, and once faults such as short circuit of a positive bus and a negative bus or faults of a mechanical switch occur, the circuit breaker cannot work and even threatens the stability of a direct current network; secondly, the existing bridge type multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker carries out short-circuit current transfer by depending on a load transfer switch, and the loss is high.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the above problems in the prior art, namely the problems of large loss and high cost of the existing bridge type multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker, the invention provides a low-loss multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker, which comprises a main circuit breaker, a resonance circuit and a mechanical switch group;
the positive end of the main breaker is connected to the direct-current bus and is connected with the positive end of the mechanical switch group, and the negative end of the main breaker is connected to the positive end of the resonant circuit;
the negative end of the mechanical switch group is connected to the negative end of the resonant circuit;
and the output end of the mechanical switch group is used as the output end of the low-loss multi-end direct current circuit breaker and used for supplying power to the positive pole of the corresponding direct current circuit.
In some preferred embodiments, the mechanical switch group includes N upper and lower mechanical switch pairs; wherein N is a positive integer;
the connection point of the upper mechanical switch and the lower mechanical switch in the N upper mechanical switch and lower mechanical switch pairs is the output end of the mechanical switch group;
the positive terminals of the upper mechanical switches of the N upper mechanical switch pairs and the upper mechanical switch of the lower mechanical switch pairs are used as the positive terminals of the mechanical switch groups;
and the negative electrode ends of the lower mechanical switches of the N upper mechanical switch pairs and the lower mechanical switch pairs are used as the negative electrode ends of the mechanical switch groups.
In some preferred embodiments, the resonant circuit includes a resonant inductor, a resonant capacitor, a resonant switch 1, a resonant switch 2, and N upper and lower bridge arm switch pairs in one-to-one correspondence with the N upper and lower mechanical switch pairs;
the positive pole of the resonance inductor is used as the positive pole end of the resonance circuit, and the negative pole of the resonance inductor is connected to the cathode of the resonance switch 1 and the anode of the resonance switch 2;
the anode of the resonance switch 1 is connected to the anode of the resonance capacitor and the anodes of the upper bridge arm switches of the N upper bridge arm switches and the lower bridge arm switches;
the cathode of the resonance switch 2 is connected to the cathode of the resonance capacitor and the cathodes of the lower bridge arm switches of the N upper bridge arm switches and the lower bridge arm switches;
and the connection point of the upper bridge arm switches and the lower bridge arm switches in the N pairs of upper bridge arm switches and lower bridge arm switches is used as the negative pole end of the resonant circuit.
In some preferred embodiments, the negative terminals of the N-th pair of lower and upper mechanical switches of the N-th pairs of lower and upper arm switches are connected to the connection points of the N-th pairs of lower and upper arm switches; wherein N is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N.
In some preferred embodiments, the resonant switch 1, the resonant switch 2, and the N upper arm switch and lower arm switch pairs are all fully-controlled electronic devices.
In some preferred embodiments, the fully-controlled electronic device is one of an insulated gate bipolar transistor, an integrated gate commutated thyristor, and an injection enhanced gate transistor.
On the other hand, the invention provides an external line fault blocking control method of a low-loss multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker, which is based on the low-loss multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker and comprises the following steps:
when the external line has short-circuit fault, the short-circuit current flows through the upper mechanical switches of all lines, the lower mechanical switch connected with the fault line is not switched on or off by an arc, and the upper mechanical switches of other non-fault lines are switched on or off by an arc; wherein the arc is a unipolar arc;
switching on a lower bridge arm switch corresponding to the main breaker and the fault line and an upper bridge arm switch connected with the resonant inductor;
the upper mechanical switch, the pre-charged resonant capacitor, the resonant inductor and the main breaker of the non-fault line form a high-frequency current oscillation circuit;
high-frequency current generated by the high-frequency oscillation circuit is superposed on unipolar electric arcs in the upper mechanical switch corresponding to the non-fault line, so that the electric arcs are extinguished in a zero-crossing mode;
after the mechanical switch is completely opened, fault current is transferred to the main circuit breaker, the main circuit breaker IGBT breaks the current, and residual current is transferred to a lightning arrester in the main circuit breaker to be consumed.
The third aspect of the present invention provides a method for controlling a dc bus fault of a low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker, based on the above-mentioned low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker, the method includes:
when the direct current bus has short-circuit fault, short-circuit current flows through the upper mechanical switches of all lines, and all the mechanical switches are switched on and off with arcs; wherein the arc is a unipolar arc;
a lower bridge arm switch connected with the lower mechanical switch and an upper bridge arm switch connected with the resonant inductor are conducted;
all the upper mechanical switches, the pre-charged resonant capacitors, the resonant inductors and the main circuit breaker form a plurality of high-frequency current oscillation circuits;
high-frequency currents generated by the high-frequency current oscillating circuits are respectively superposed on unipolar arcs in the corresponding upper mechanical switches, so that the arcs are extinguished in a zero-crossing mode;
after the mechanical switch is completely opened, fault current is transferred to the main circuit breaker, the main circuit breaker breaks the current, and residual current is transferred to a lightning arrester in the main circuit breaker to be consumed.
In a fourth aspect of the present invention, a method for controlling a mechanical switch fault of a low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker is provided, where based on the low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker, the method includes:
when the mechanical switch has short-circuit fault, short-circuit current flows through the upper mechanical switches of all lines, the lower mechanical switch connected with the fault line is not switched on and off by an arc, and the upper mechanical switches of other non-fault lines are switched on and off by an arc; wherein the arc is a unipolar arc;
if the failure circuit is detected to be corresponding to the lower mechanical switch to be refused, the upper mechanical switch connected with the failure circuit is continuously switched on and off in an arc manner, and the lower mechanical switches of other non-failure circuits are not switched on and off in an arc manner;
switching on an upper bridge arm switch corresponding to the main breaker and the fault line and a lower bridge arm switch connected with the resonant inductor;
the upper mechanical switch, the pre-charged resonant capacitor, the resonant inductor and the main breaker of the fault line form a high-frequency current oscillation circuit;
high-frequency current generated by the high-frequency oscillation circuit is superposed on unipolar electric arcs in the upper mechanical switch corresponding to the fault line, so that the electric arcs are extinguished in a zero-crossing mode;
after the mechanical switch is completely opened, the fault current is transferred to the main circuit breaker, the main circuit breaker IGBT breaks the current, the residual current is transferred to the lightning arrester in the main circuit breaker to be consumed, and at the moment, the arc of the upper mechanical switch corresponding to the non-fault line is extinguished.
In a fifth aspect of the present invention, a method for controlling a capacitor pre-charge of a low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker is provided, where based on the low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker, the method includes:
when the low-loss multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker is used, all the lower mechanical switches, the upper bridge arm switches and the lower bridge arm switches are closed, and then the resonant capacitors in the resonant circuit are charged to a rated value by controlling the upper bridge arm switches and the lower bridge arm switches to be alternately conducted.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the low-loss multi-terminal direct current breaker provided by the invention utilizes the double mechanical switches with arc extinguishing functions as a main loop structure, can realize low loss of the multi-terminal direct current breaker and mutual backup of the mechanical switches, and has reliable equipment and high safety.
(2) The low-loss multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker provided by the invention utilizes the resonant inductor, the resonant capacitor, the mechanical switch and the bridge arm switch to generate high-frequency resonant current, guides the current of the mechanical switch to zero-cross to extinguish electric arc, and further improves the switching reliability of the multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker.
(3) According to the low-loss multi-terminal direct current breaker, the resonance circuit can be multiplexed, the size of the multi-terminal direct current breaker is further reduced, and the cost is reduced.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the present application will become more apparent upon reading of the following detailed description of non-limiting embodiments thereof, made with reference to the accompanying drawings in which:
fig. 1 is a schematic circuit diagram of a low loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker according to the present invention;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of a circuit structure for protecting only the load transfer switch and the positive and negative buses in the system according to an embodiment of the low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The present application will be described in further detail with reference to the following drawings and examples. It is to be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the relevant invention and not restrictive of the invention. It should be noted that, for convenience of description, only the portions related to the related invention are shown in the drawings.
It should be noted that the embodiments and features of the embodiments in the present application may be combined with each other without conflict. The present application will be described in detail below with reference to the embodiments with reference to the attached drawings.
The invention provides a low-loss multi-terminal direct current breaker, when a short-circuit fault occurs in a line, short-circuit current flows through upper mechanical switches of all lines, after the short-circuit fault is detected, the upper mechanical switch connected with the fault line is switched on and off by an electric arc, and lower mechanical switches of other non-fault lines are switched on and off by no electric arc, so that the electric arc is always kept and is unipolar because a direct current power grid does not have a zero crossing point; the upper bridge arm switch corresponding to the main circuit breaker and the fault line is switched on at the moment, the upper mechanical switch, the pre-charged resonant capacitor, the resonant inductor and the main circuit breaker of the fault line form a high-frequency current oscillation circuit, high-frequency current is superposed on unipolar electric arcs in the upper mechanical switch corresponding to the fault line, so that zero crossing of the electric arcs is extinguished, the standby mechanical switch is completely opened, after the fault current is transferred to the main circuit breaker, the IGBT of the main circuit breaker breaks the current, and residual current is transferred to a lightning arrester in the main circuit breaker to be consumed.
The invention discloses a low-loss multi-terminal direct current breaker, which comprises a main breaker, a resonant circuit and a mechanical switch group, wherein the main breaker is connected with the resonant circuit;
the positive end of the main breaker is connected to the direct-current bus and is connected with the positive end of the mechanical switch group, and the negative end of the main breaker is connected to the positive end of the resonant circuit;
the negative end of the mechanical switch group is connected to the negative end of the resonant circuit;
and the output end of the mechanical switch group is used as the output end of the low-loss multi-end direct current circuit breaker and used for supplying power to the positive pole of the corresponding direct current circuit.
In order to more clearly describe the low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker of the present invention, each module in the embodiment of the present invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1.
The low-loss multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker in the first embodiment of the invention comprises a main circuit breaker, a resonance circuit and a mechanical switch group, wherein each module is described in detail as follows:
the positive terminal of the main breaker is connected to the direct current bus and connected with the positive terminal of the mechanical switch group, and the negative terminal of the main breaker is connected to the positive terminal of the resonant circuit.
And the negative end of the mechanical switch group is connected to the negative end of the resonant circuit.
The mechanical switch group comprises N upper mechanical switch pairs and N lower mechanical switch pairs; wherein N is a positive integer;
the connection point of the upper mechanical switch and the lower mechanical switch in the N upper mechanical switch and lower mechanical switch pairs is the output end of the mechanical switch group;
the positive terminals of the upper mechanical switches of the N upper mechanical switch pairs and the upper mechanical switch of the lower mechanical switch pairs are used as the positive terminals of the mechanical switch groups;
and the negative electrode ends of the lower mechanical switches of the N upper mechanical switch pairs and the lower mechanical switch pairs are used as the negative electrode ends of the mechanical switch groups.
The resonance circuit comprises a resonance inductor, a resonance capacitor, a resonance switch 1, a resonance switch 2, and N upper bridge arm switches and lower bridge arm switches which are in one-to-one correspondence with the N upper mechanical switches and the N lower mechanical switches;
the positive pole of the resonance inductor is used as the positive pole end of the resonance circuit, and the negative pole of the resonance inductor is connected to the cathode of the resonance switch 1 and the anode of the resonance switch 2;
the anode of the resonance switch 1 is connected to the anode of the resonance capacitor and the anodes of the upper bridge arm switches of the N upper bridge arm switches and the lower bridge arm switches;
the cathode of the resonance switch 2 is connected to the cathode of the resonance capacitor and the cathodes of the lower bridge arm switches of the N upper bridge arm switches and the lower bridge arm switches;
and the connection point of the upper bridge arm switches and the lower bridge arm switches in the N pairs of upper bridge arm switches and lower bridge arm switches is used as the negative pole end of the resonant circuit.
The negative pole ends of the lower mechanical switches of the nth pair of the N upper mechanical switches and the lower mechanical switches are connected to the connection points of the upper bridge arm switches and the lower bridge arm switches of the nth pair of the N upper bridge arm switches and the lower bridge arm switches corresponding to the N lower bridge arm switches; wherein N is more than or equal to 1 and less than or equal to N.
And the output end of the mechanical switch group is used as the output end of the low-loss multi-end direct current circuit breaker and used for supplying power to the positive pole of the corresponding direct current circuit.
The resonance switch 1, the resonance switch 2 and the N pairs of upper bridge arm switches and lower bridge arm switches are all fully-controlled electronic devices.
In one embodiment of the present invention, the fully-controlled electronic device is an IGBT (insulated gate bipolar transistor), and in other application scenarios, different fully-controlled electronic devices, such as an IGCT thyristor (integrated gate commutated thyristor) or an IEGT transistor (injection enhanced gate transistor), may be selected according to current and voltage levels.
As shown in fig. 2, a schematic diagram of a circuit structure for protecting only the load transfer switch and the positive and negative buses in the system according to an embodiment of the low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker of the present invention is shown, and in an actual use process, costs and functions can be balanced to a certain extent, for example, backup of a mechanical switch is not considered, only protection of the load transfer switch and the positive and negative buses is considered, a lower bridge arm switch in a protection switch can be replaced by a diode, a resonance switch is cancelled, and the above effects can also be achieved.
The external line fault blocking control method of the low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker according to the second embodiment of the present invention is based on the above-mentioned low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker, and the method includes:
when the short-circuit fault occurs to the external line, the short-circuit current flows through the upper mechanical switches of all lines, when the short-circuit fault is detected, the lower mechanical switch connected with the fault line is not switched on or off in an arc way, and the upper mechanical switches of other non-fault lines are switched on or off in an arc way; wherein, the electric arc can be always maintained and is a unipolar electric arc because the direct current power grid has no zero crossing point;
at the moment, a lower bridge arm switch corresponding to the fault line and an upper bridge arm switch connected with the resonant inductor of the main circuit breaker are switched on;
under the condition that the corresponding switches are switched on and off, the upper mechanical switch of the non-fault line, the pre-charged resonant capacitor, the resonant inductor and the main circuit breaker form a high-frequency current oscillation circuit;
high-frequency current generated by the high-frequency oscillation circuit is superposed on unipolar electric arcs in the upper mechanical switch corresponding to the non-fault line, so that the electric arcs are extinguished in a zero-crossing mode;
after the mechanical switch is completely opened, the fault current is transferred to the main circuit breaker, the main circuit breaker breaks the current, and the residual current is transferred to the lightning arrester in the main circuit breaker for consumption. The main breaker is also used for breaking current by adopting a fully-controlled electronic device, and similarly, different fully-controlled electronic devices can be selected according to current and voltage levels, such as an IGBT transistor (insulated gate bipolar transistor), an IGCT thyristor (integrated gate commutated thyristor) or an IEGT transistor (injection enhanced gate transistor), and the like.
A dc bus fault control method of a low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker according to a third embodiment of the present invention is based on the above-mentioned low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker, and the method includes:
when the direct current bus has short-circuit fault, short-circuit current flows through the upper mechanical switches of all lines, and when the short-circuit fault is detected, all the mechanical switches are switched off with arcs; wherein, the electric arc can be always maintained and is a unipolar electric arc because the direct current power grid has no zero crossing point;
at the moment, a lower bridge arm switch connected with the main circuit breaker and the lower mechanical switch and an upper bridge arm switch connected with the resonant inductor are switched on;
under the condition that the corresponding switches are switched on and off, all the upper mechanical switches, the pre-charged resonant capacitors, the resonant inductors and the main circuit breaker form a plurality of high-frequency current oscillation circuits;
high-frequency currents generated by the high-frequency current oscillating circuits are respectively superposed on unipolar arcs in the corresponding upper mechanical switches, so that the arcs are extinguished in a zero-crossing mode;
after the mechanical switch is completely opened, the fault current is transferred to the main circuit breaker, the main circuit breaker IGBT breaks the current, and the residual current is transferred to the arrester in the main circuit breaker for consumption.
A mechanical switch fault control method for a low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention is based on the above-mentioned low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker, and the method includes:
when the mechanical switch has short-circuit fault, short-circuit current flows through the upper mechanical switches of all lines, and after the short-circuit fault is detected, the lower mechanical switch connected with the fault line is not switched on or off in an arc manner, and the upper mechanical switches of other non-fault lines are switched on or off in an arc manner; wherein, the electric arc can be always maintained and is a unipolar electric arc because the direct current power grid has no zero crossing point;
if the failure circuit is detected to be corresponding to the lower mechanical switch to be refused, the upper mechanical switch connected with the failure circuit is continuously switched on and off in an arc manner, and the lower mechanical switches of other non-failure circuits are not switched on and off in an arc manner;
at the moment, an upper bridge arm switch corresponding to the fault line and a lower bridge arm switch connected with the resonant inductor of the main circuit breaker are switched on;
under the condition that the corresponding switches are switched on and off, the upper mechanical switch, the pre-charged resonant capacitor, the resonant inductor and the main circuit breaker of the fault line form a high-frequency current oscillation circuit;
high-frequency current generated by the high-frequency oscillation circuit is superposed on unipolar electric arcs in the upper mechanical switch corresponding to the fault line, so that the electric arcs are extinguished in a zero-crossing mode;
and after the mechanical switch is completely opened, the fault current is transferred to the main circuit breaker, the main circuit breaker IGBT breaks the current, the residual current is transferred to a lightning arrester in the main circuit breaker to be consumed, and at the moment, the electric arc of the upper mechanical switch corresponding to the non-fault line is extinguished.
A capacitor precharge control method for a low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention is based on the low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker, and the method includes:
before the low-loss multi-terminal direct current breaker is put into use, all the mechanical switches are in an on-off state; when the low-loss multi-terminal direct current circuit breaker is used, all the lower mechanical switches, the upper bridge arm switches and the lower bridge arm switches are closed, and then the resonant capacitors in the resonant circuit are charged to a rated value by controlling the upper bridge arm switches and the lower bridge arm switches to be alternately conducted.
It can be clearly understood by those skilled in the art that, for convenience and brevity of description, the specific working process and related descriptions of the method described above may refer to the corresponding process in the foregoing system embodiment, and are not described herein again.
It should be noted that, the low-loss multi-terminal dc circuit breaker and the control method thereof provided in the foregoing embodiments are only illustrated by the division of the functional modules, and in practical applications, the functions may be distributed by different functional modules according to needs, that is, the modules or steps in the embodiments of the present invention are further decomposed or combined, for example, the modules in the foregoing embodiments may be combined into one module, or may be further split into multiple sub-modules, so as to complete all or part of the functions described above. The names of the modules and steps involved in the embodiments of the present invention are only for distinguishing the modules or steps, and are not to be construed as unduly limiting the present invention.
The terms "first," "second," and the like are used for distinguishing between similar elements and not necessarily for describing or implying a particular order or sequence.
The terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other similar term are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus.
So far, the technical solutions of the present invention have been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of the present invention is obviously not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent changes or substitutions of related technical features can be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principle of the invention, and the technical scheme after the changes or substitutions can fall into the protection scope of the invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种低损耗多端直流断路器,其特征在于,该多端直流断路器包括主断路器、谐振电路以及机械开关组;1. A low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker, wherein the multi-terminal DC circuit breaker comprises a main circuit breaker, a resonant circuit and a mechanical switch group; 所述主断路器正极端连接至直流母线,并与所述机械开关组的正端连接,所述主断路器负极端连接至所述谐振电路的正极端;The positive terminal of the main circuit breaker is connected to the DC bus and connected to the positive terminal of the mechanical switch group, and the negative terminal of the main circuit breaker is connected to the positive terminal of the resonant circuit; 所述机械开关组的负极端连接至所述谐振电路的负极端;The negative terminal of the mechanical switch group is connected to the negative terminal of the resonant circuit; 所述机械开关组的输出端作为所述低损耗多端直流断路器的输出端,用于为相应的直流线路正极供电。The output end of the mechanical switch group is used as the output end of the low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker, and is used to supply power to the positive pole of the corresponding DC line. 2.根据权利要求1所述的低损耗多端直流断路器,其特征在于,所述机械开关组包括N个上机械开关和下机械开关对;其中,N为正整数;2. The low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker according to claim 1, wherein the mechanical switch group comprises N upper and lower mechanical switch pairs; wherein, N is a positive integer; 所述N个上机械开关和下机械开关对中上机械开关和下机械开关对的连接点为所述机械开关组的输出端;The connection point of the N upper mechanical switch and the lower mechanical switch pair in the upper mechanical switch and the lower mechanical switch pair is the output end of the mechanical switch group; 所述N个上机械开关和下机械开关对的上机械开关正极端作为所述机械开关组的正极端;The positive terminal of the upper mechanical switch of the N upper mechanical switch and the lower mechanical switch pair is used as the positive terminal of the mechanical switch group; 所述N个上机械开关和下机械开关对的下机械开关负极端作为所述机械开关组的负极端。The negative terminal of the lower mechanical switch of the N upper mechanical switch and lower mechanical switch pairs is used as the negative terminal of the mechanical switch group. 3.根据权利要求2所述的低损耗多端直流断路器,其特征在于,所述谐振电路包括谐振电感、谐振电容、谐振开关1、谐振开关2以及与所述N个上机械开关和下机械开关对一一对应的N个上桥臂开关和下桥臂开关对;3. The low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker according to claim 2, wherein the resonant circuit comprises a resonant inductor, a resonant capacitor, a resonant switch 1, a resonant switch 2, and the N upper mechanical switches and lower mechanical switches. One-to-one corresponding N upper arm switches and lower arm switch pairs of switch pairs; 所述谐振电感的正极作为所述谐振电路的正极端,所述谐振电感的负极连接至所述谐振开关1的阴极和所述谐振开关2的阳极;The positive pole of the resonant inductor is used as the positive terminal of the resonant circuit, and the negative pole of the resonant inductor is connected to the cathode of the resonant switch 1 and the anode of the resonant switch 2; 所述谐振开关1的阳极连接至所述谐振电容的正极和所述N个上桥臂开关和下桥臂开关对的上桥臂开关的阳极;The anode of the resonant switch 1 is connected to the positive pole of the resonant capacitor and the anode of the upper bridge switch of the N upper and lower bridge switch pairs; 所述谐振开关2的阴极连接至所述谐振电容的负极和所述N个上桥臂开关和下桥臂开关对的下桥臂开关的阴极;The cathode of the resonant switch 2 is connected to the cathode of the resonant capacitor and the cathode of the lower arm switch of the N upper arm switches and the lower arm switch pair; 所述N个上桥臂开关和下桥臂开关对中上桥臂开关和下桥臂开关的连接点作为所述谐振电路的负极端。The connection point of the N upper arm switches and the lower arm switches in the pair of the upper arm switches and the lower arm switches is used as the negative terminal of the resonant circuit. 4.根据权利要求3所述的低损耗多端直流断路器,其特征在于,所述N个上机械开关和下机械开关对中第n对的下机械开关的负极端连接至所述N个上桥臂开关和下桥臂开关对中相应的第n对的上桥臂开关和下桥臂开关的连接点;其中,1≤n≤N。4 . The low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker according to claim 3 , wherein the negative terminal of the lower mechanical switch of the n-th pair of the N upper mechanical switches and the lower mechanical switch pair is connected to the N upper mechanical switches. 5 . The connection point of the upper bridge arm switch and the lower bridge arm switch of the corresponding nth pair in the bridge arm switch and the lower bridge arm switch pair; wherein, 1≤n≤N. 5.根据权利要求1-4任一项所述的低损耗多端直流断路器,其特征在于,所述谐振开关1、所述谐振开关2以及所述N个上桥臂开关和下桥臂开关对均为全控型电子器件。5. The low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1-4, wherein the resonant switch 1, the resonant switch 2, and the N upper-arm switches and lower-arm switches All pairs are fully controlled electronic devices. 6.根据权利要求5所述的低损耗多端直流断路器,其特征在于,所述全控型电子器件为绝缘栅双极型晶体管、集成门极换流晶闸管、注入增强栅晶体管中的一种。6 . The low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker according to claim 5 , wherein the fully-controlled electronic device is one of an insulated gate bipolar transistor, an integrated gate commutated thyristor, and an injection enhanced gate transistor. 7 . . 7.一种低损耗多端直流断路器的外部线路故障阻断控制方法,其特征在于,基于权利要求1-6任一项所述的低损耗多端直流断路器,该方法包括:7. An external line fault blocking control method for a low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker, characterized in that, based on the low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1-6, the method comprises: 当外部线路发生短路故障时,短路电流流过所有线路的上机械开关,故障线路连接的下机械开关无电弧开断,其他非故障线路的上机械开关带电弧开断;其中,所述电弧为单极性电弧;When a short-circuit fault occurs in the external lines, the short-circuit current flows through the upper mechanical switches of all lines, the lower mechanical switches connected to the faulty lines have no arc interruption, and the upper mechanical switches of other non-faulted lines are interrupted with an arc; wherein, the arc is Unipolar arc; 导通主断路器与故障线路对应的下桥臂开关以及与谐振电感连接的上桥臂开关;Turn on the lower bridge arm switch corresponding to the main circuit breaker and the fault line and the upper bridge arm switch connected with the resonant inductor; 非故障线路的上机械开关、预充电的谐振电容、谐振电感和主断路器构成一个高频电流振荡电路;The upper mechanical switch, pre-charged resonant capacitor, resonant inductance and main circuit breaker of the non-faulty line form a high-frequency current oscillation circuit; 所述高频振荡电路产生的高频电流叠加在非故障线路对应的上机械开关中的单极性电弧上,使得电弧过零熄灭;The high-frequency current generated by the high-frequency oscillation circuit is superimposed on the unipolar arc in the upper mechanical switch corresponding to the non-faulty line, so that the arc is extinguished by zero-crossing; 机械开关完全打开后,故障电流转移至主断路器,主断路器分断电流,并将剩余电流转移至主断路器中的避雷器消耗。After the mechanical switch is fully opened, the fault current is transferred to the main circuit breaker, which interrupts the current and transfers the residual current to the arrester consumption in the main circuit breaker. 8.一种低损耗多端直流断路器的直流母线故障控制方法,其特征在于,基于权利要求1-6任一项所述的低损耗多端直流断路器,该方法包括:8. A DC bus fault control method for a low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker, characterized in that, based on the low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1-6, the method comprises: 当直流母线发生短路故障时,短路电流流过所有线路的上机械开关,所有机械开关带电弧开断;其中,所述电弧为单极性电弧;When a short-circuit fault occurs in the DC bus, the short-circuit current flows through the upper mechanical switches of all lines, and all the mechanical switches are interrupted by an arc; wherein, the arc is a unipolar arc; 导通主断路器与下机械开关相连的下桥臂开关以及与谐振电感连接的上桥臂开关;Turn on the lower bridge arm switch connected with the lower mechanical switch and the upper bridge arm switch connected with the resonant inductor; 所有的上机械开关、预充电的谐振电容、谐振电感和主断路器构成多个高频电流振荡电路;All upper mechanical switches, pre-charged resonant capacitors, resonant inductors and main circuit breakers form multiple high-frequency current oscillating circuits; 所述多个高频电流振荡电路产生的高频电流分别叠加在对应的上机械开关中的单极性电弧上,使得电弧过零熄灭;The high-frequency currents generated by the plurality of high-frequency current oscillation circuits are respectively superimposed on the unipolar arcs in the corresponding upper mechanical switches, so that the arcs are extinguished by zero-crossing; 机械开关完全打开后,故障电流转移至主断路器,主断路器IGBT分断电流,并将剩余电流转移至主断路器中的避雷器消耗。After the mechanical switch is fully opened, the fault current is transferred to the main circuit breaker, the main circuit breaker IGBT breaks the current, and the residual current is transferred to the arrester consumption in the main circuit breaker. 9.一种低损耗多端直流断路器的机械开关故障控制方法,其特征在于,基于权利要求1-6任一项所述的低损耗多端直流断路器,该方法包括:9. A method for controlling mechanical switch faults of a low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker, characterized in that, based on the low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1-6, the method comprises: 当机械开关发生短路故障时,短路电流流过所有线路的上机械开关,故障线路连接的下机械开关无电弧开断,其他非故障线路的上机械开关带电弧开断;其中,所述电弧为单极性电弧;When a short-circuit fault occurs in the mechanical switch, the short-circuit current flows through the upper mechanical switches of all lines, the lower mechanical switches connected to the faulty lines have no arc interruption, and the upper mechanical switches of other non-faulted lines are interrupted with arcs; wherein, the arc is Unipolar arc; 若检测到故障线路对应下机械开关拒动,则继续将故障线路连接的上机械开关带电弧开断,其他非故障线路的下机械开关无电弧开断;If it is detected that the lower mechanical switch corresponding to the faulty line refuses to act, the upper mechanical switch connected to the faulty line will continue to be interrupted with arc, and the lower mechanical switches of other non-faulted lines will be interrupted without arc; 导通主断路器与故障线路对应的上桥臂开关以及与谐振电感连接的下桥臂开关;Turn on the upper bridge arm switch corresponding to the main circuit breaker and the fault line and the lower bridge arm switch connected with the resonant inductor; 故障线路的上机械开关、预充电的谐振电容、谐振电感和主断路器构成一个高频电流振荡电路;The upper mechanical switch, pre-charged resonant capacitor, resonant inductance and main circuit breaker of the fault line constitute a high-frequency current oscillation circuit; 所述高频振荡电路产生的高频电流叠加在故障线路对应的上机械开关中的单极性电弧上,使得电弧过零熄灭;The high-frequency current generated by the high-frequency oscillation circuit is superimposed on the unipolar arc in the upper mechanical switch corresponding to the fault line, so that the arc is extinguished by zero-crossing; 机械开关完全打开后,故障电流转移至主断路器,主断路器IGBT分断电流,并将剩余电流转移至主断路器中的避雷器消耗,此时非故障线路对应的上机械开关电弧熄灭。After the mechanical switch is fully opened, the fault current is transferred to the main circuit breaker, the IGBT of the main circuit breaker breaks the current, and the residual current is transferred to the arrester in the main circuit breaker for consumption. At this time, the arc of the upper mechanical switch corresponding to the non-faulted line is extinguished. 10.一种低损耗多端直流断路器的电容预充电控制方法,其特征在于,基于权利要求1-6任一项所述的低损耗多端直流断路器,该方法包括:10. A capacitor precharge control method for a low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker, characterized in that, based on the low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker according to any one of claims 1-6, the method comprises: 在所述低损耗多端直流断路器使用时,先闭合所有的下机械开关以及上桥臂开关和下桥臂开关,然后通过控制上桥臂开关、下桥臂开关交替导通给所述谐振电路中的谐振电容充电至额定值。When the low-loss multi-terminal DC circuit breaker is in use, all the lower mechanical switches and the upper and lower arm switches are closed first, and then the upper and lower arm switches are controlled to be alternately turned on to the resonant circuit. The resonant capacitors in are charged to their rated values.
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