CN114156357A - Solar cell backsheets and solar cells - Google Patents
Solar cell backsheets and solar cells Download PDFInfo
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- CN114156357A CN114156357A CN202111214342.XA CN202111214342A CN114156357A CN 114156357 A CN114156357 A CN 114156357A CN 202111214342 A CN202111214342 A CN 202111214342A CN 114156357 A CN114156357 A CN 114156357A
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F19/00—Integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, comprising at least one photovoltaic cell covered by group H10F10/00, e.g. photovoltaic modules
- H10F19/80—Encapsulations or containers for integrated devices, or assemblies of multiple devices, having photovoltaic cells
- H10F19/85—Protective back sheets
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/06—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material
- B32B27/08—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin as the main or only constituent of a layer, which is next to another layer of the same or of a different material of synthetic resin
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/304—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl halide (co)polymers, e.g. PVC, PVDC, PVF, PVDF
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/30—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers
- B32B27/306—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising vinyl (co)polymers; comprising acrylic (co)polymers comprising vinyl acetate or vinyl alcohol (co)polymers
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B27/00—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin
- B32B27/36—Layered products comprising a layer of synthetic resin comprising polyesters
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B33/00—Layered products characterised by particular properties or particular surface features, e.g. particular surface coatings; Layered products designed for particular purposes not covered by another single class
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B7/00—Layered products characterised by the relation between layers; Layered products characterised by the relative orientation of features between layers, or by the relative values of a measurable parameter between layers, i.e. products comprising layers having different physical, chemical or physicochemical properties; Layered products characterised by the interconnection of layers
- B32B7/04—Interconnection of layers
- B32B7/12—Interconnection of layers using interposed adhesives or interposed materials with bonding properties
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H10—SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES; ELECTRIC SOLID-STATE DEVICES NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- H10F—INORGANIC SEMICONDUCTOR DEVICES SENSITIVE TO INFRARED RADIATION, LIGHT, ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION OF SHORTER WAVELENGTH OR CORPUSCULAR RADIATION
- H10F77/00—Constructional details of devices covered by this subclass
- H10F77/40—Optical elements or arrangements
- H10F77/42—Optical elements or arrangements directly associated or integrated with photovoltaic cells, e.g. light-reflecting means or light-concentrating means
- H10F77/488—Reflecting light-concentrating means, e.g. parabolic mirrors or concentrators using total internal reflection
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/10—Coating on the layer surface on synthetic resin layer or on natural or synthetic rubber layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2255/00—Coating on the layer surface
- B32B2255/26—Polymeric coating
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/552—Fatigue strength
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/554—Wear resistance
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/50—Properties of the layers or laminate having particular mechanical properties
- B32B2307/558—Impact strength, toughness
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2307/00—Properties of the layers or laminate
- B32B2307/70—Other properties
- B32B2307/712—Weather resistant
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B32—LAYERED PRODUCTS
- B32B—LAYERED PRODUCTS, i.e. PRODUCTS BUILT-UP OF STRATA OF FLAT OR NON-FLAT, e.g. CELLULAR OR HONEYCOMB, FORM
- B32B2457/00—Electrical equipment
- B32B2457/12—Photovoltaic modules
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E10/00—Energy generation through renewable energy sources
- Y02E10/50—Photovoltaic [PV] energy
- Y02E10/52—PV systems with concentrators
Landscapes
- Laminated Bodies (AREA)
- Photovoltaic Devices (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a solar cell backboard and a solar cell, wherein the solar cell backboard comprises: a first mesh layer comprising a weatherable resin, a nanoscale filler A, an isocyanate, and a solvent; a second mesh layer formed on a surface of the first mesh layer, the second mesh layer including a weather-resistant resin, a nano-sized filler B, an isocyanate, and a solvent; an adhesive layer formed on a surface of the second mesh layer; a base material layer formed on a surface of the adhesive layer; a weathering layer formed on a surface of the substrate layer, wherein a particle size of the nano-sized filler A is larger than a particle size of the nano-sized filler B. Therefore, the solar cell back sheet has excellent adhesive property and humidity resistance, and the reflectivity in the range of 400nm to 1100nm is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of solar cells, and particularly relates to a solar cell back plate and a solar cell.
Background
Along with the maturity of double-sided battery technology, double-sided electricity generation subassembly is receiving much attention, and traditional dual glass assembly lets its application receive the restriction because reasons such as fragile, weight are too big, difficult installation. The transparent back plate overcomes the defects of the dual-glass assembly by virtue of the characteristics of excellent flexibility and light weight.
As an improved model of the transparent back plate, the grid back plate not only has the advantages of the transparent back plate, but also can reflect light back to the cell through adding white high-reflection grids in the cell gap (the schematic diagram of the reflection path of the transparent back plate and the grid back plate is shown in figure 1), so that the sunlight utilization rate is improved, and the power generation efficiency of the double-sided cell is further improved (the power generation power of the single double-sided component can be improved by 3-5W).
The back plate of the grid type solar cell needs to have high reflectivity performance to light, good adhesive performance with an adhesive film, good moisture and heat resistance and the like. In patent CN 108767042 a, barium sulfate and graphene are used as high-reflection fillers, but the refractive index of barium sulfate is inferior to that of titanium dioxide, the reflectivity of the coating is low, and the conductivity of graphene is extremely strong, which has a reaction on the insulation of the back plate; in patent CN109244167A, one or two of rutile titanium dioxide with the particle size of 0.3-1.0 μm and glass beads with the particle size of 3-10 μm are mixed in any proportion to be used as high-reflection filler, but the reflectivity of the filler with the particle size of more than 0.3 μm to the wavelength below 600nm is not high, so that the overall reflectivity is low, and the possibility of low-thickness coating is limited by the glass beads with the particle size of 3-10 μm; in patent CN 104350609 a, different band gap energy inorganic particles (with 3.3eV as a distinguishing limit) are used to absorb light with corresponding wavelengths, the light with the remaining wavelengths is transmitted, and two layers of films are disposed, so as to achieve the effect that one layer reflects ultraviolet light (280 nm-400 nm), and the other layer reflects visible light (400-1200 nm).
Therefore, the existing solar cell back sheet is yet to be improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention is directed to solving, at least to some extent, one of the technical problems in the related art. To this end, an object of the present invention is to provide a solar cell back sheet and a solar cell, the solar cell back sheet having excellent adhesive property and moisture and heat resistance, and having improved reflectance in the range of 400nm to 1100 nm.
In one aspect of the present invention, a solar cell backsheet is presented. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the solar cell back sheet includes:
a first mesh layer comprising a weatherable resin, a nanoscale filler A, an isocyanate, and a solvent;
a second mesh layer formed on a surface of the first mesh layer, the second mesh layer including a weather-resistant resin, a nano-sized filler B, an isocyanate, and a solvent;
an adhesive layer formed on a surface of the second mesh layer;
a base material layer formed on a surface of the adhesive layer;
a weathering layer formed on a surface of the base material layer,
wherein the particle size of the nano-scale filler A is larger than that of the nano-scale filler B.
According to the solar cell back sheet provided by the embodiment of the invention, the weather-resistant resin, the nanoscale filler A, the isocyanate and the solvent are mixed to form the first grid layer of the solar cell back sheet, the weather-resistant resin, the nanoscale filler B, the isocyanate and the solvent are mixed to form the second grid layer of the solar cell back sheet, and the second grid layer is formed on the first grid layer, wherein the weather-resistant resin can obviously improve the bonding performance and the wet and heat resistance of the first grid layer and the second grid layer; the nanometer filler A and the nanometer filler B with different particle diameters are respectively distributed in the first grid layer and the second grid layer, so that the coating effect of small-particle-diameter filler on large-particle-diameter filler caused by too wide particle diameter distribution in the same grid layer is avoided, the reflectivity in the range of 400 nm-1100 nm is improved, meanwhile, the particle diameter of the nanometer filler A in the first grid layer is larger than that in the nanometer filler B in the second grid layer, the shorter the wave band of light is, the stronger the transmission performance of the coating is, so that the particle diameter of the first grid layer is set to be 390-550nm and is mainly used for reflecting near-infrared light in the 780-1100 wave band, and meanwhile, part of visible light in the 400-780nm is reflected, and the particle diameter of the second grid layer is 200-390nm and is used for completing the reflection of the visible light transmitted through the first grid layer); and the isocyanate is used as a curing agent in the first grid layer and the second grid layer, can be cured and crosslinked with hydroxyl in the weather-resistant resin to generate a urethane group due to the isocyanate group, and has strong polarity and is not dissolved in a non-polar group, so that the weather-resistant resin has good oil resistance, toughness, wear resistance, aging resistance and adhesiveness. And then sequentially forming a bonding layer, a base material layer and a weather-resistant layer on the surface of the second grid layer, thereby obtaining the solar cell back plate. Compared with the existing solar cell backboard, the coating reflectivity is lower, when the reflectivity is improved, the thickness of the coating needs to be increased, and the solar cell backboard provided by the invention has higher reflectivity when the coating thickness is smaller, so that the possibility of low-thickness coating is realized, and the reflectivity in a visible light region and a near infrared region is greatly improved. Therefore, the solar cell back sheet has excellent adhesive property and humidity resistance, and the reflectivity in the range of 400nm to 1100nm is improved.
In addition, the solar cell back sheet according to the above embodiment of the present invention may further have the following additional technical features:
in some embodiments of the present invention, the nano-sized filler A has a particle size of 390 to 550 nm. Therefore, the reflectivity of the solar cell backboard in the range of 780 nm-1100 nm can be improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the nano-sized filler B has a particle size of 200 to 390 nm. Therefore, the reflectivity of the solar cell back sheet in the range of 400nm to 1100nm can be improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the first mesh layer has a thickness of 1 to 10 μm, and the second mesh layer has a thickness of 1 to 15 μm. Therefore, the reflectivity of the solar cell back sheet in the range of 400nm to 1100nm can be improved.
In some embodiments of the invention, the first mesh layer comprises: 20.0-36.0 wt% of weather-resistant resin, 10.0-16.0 wt% of nano-filler A, 2.0-4.0 wt% of isocyanate and 45.0-67.0 wt% of solvent. Therefore, the solar cell back sheet has excellent adhesive property and humidity resistance.
In some embodiments of the invention, the second mesh layer comprises: 19.0-34.0 wt% of weather-resistant resin, 11.0-17.0 wt% of nano-grade filler B, 2.0-4.0 wt% of isocyanate and 46.0-67.0 wt% of solvent. Therefore, the solar cell back sheet has excellent adhesive property and humidity resistance.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the weather-resistant resin is formed by blending fluorocarbon resin and humidity-resistant acrylic resin. Therefore, the solar cell back sheet has excellent adhesive property and humidity resistance.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the mass ratio of the fluorocarbon resin to the humidity-heat resistant acrylic resin is (1-4): 1. therefore, the solar cell back sheet has excellent adhesive property and humidity resistance.
In some embodiments of the invention, the fluorocarbon resin comprises hydroxyl modified tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, amino modified tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, hydroxyl modified tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, amino modified tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, hydroxyl modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, amino modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, hydroxyl modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, at least one of an amino-modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, a hydroxyl-modified polyvinyl fluoride, an amino-modified polyvinyl fluoride, a hydroxyl-modified polyvinylidene fluoride, an amino-modified polyvinylidene fluoride, a hydroxyl-modified tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer, and an amino-modified tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer. Therefore, the solar cell back sheet has excellent adhesive property and humidity resistance.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the humidity resistant acrylic resin comprises at least one of an epoxy acrylic resin, a urethane acrylic resin, and a hydroxy acrylic resin. Therefore, the solar cell back sheet has excellent adhesive property and humidity resistance.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the nanoscale filler a and nanoscale filler B each independently comprise at least one of rutile titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, cerium oxide, and glass microspheres. Therefore, the reflectivity of the solar cell back sheet in the range of 400nm to 1100nm can be improved.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the isocyanate is selected from at least one of toluene diisocyanate trimer, isophorone diisocyanate trimer, hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer, diphenylmethane diisocyanate trimer, toluene diisocyanate dimer, isophorone diisocyanate dimer, hexamethylene diisocyanate dimer, and diphenylmethane diisocyanate dimer. Therefore, the solar cell back sheet has excellent adhesive property and humidity resistance.
In some embodiments of the invention, the solvent comprises at least one of ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, toluene, and butanone.
In some embodiments of the invention, the tie layer comprises at least one of a clear coating, a clear polyolefin film, a clear PVF film, a clear PVDF film.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the substrate layer comprises at least one of a polyethylene terephthalate resin, a polybutylene terephthalate resin, and a polyethylene naphthalate resin.
In some embodiments of the invention, the weathering layer comprises at least one of a transparent fluorocarbon coating, a transparent PVF film, a transparent PVDF film, a transparent ETFE film.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the thickness of the bonding layer is 1 to 20 μm.
In some embodiments of the invention, the thickness of the substrate layer is 150-300 μm.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the weatherable layer has a thickness of 20 to 30 μm.
In another aspect of the invention, a solar cell is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the solar cell includes the solar cell back sheet described above. Therefore, the solar cell has long service life and higher photoelectric conversion rate.
Additional aspects and advantages of the invention will be set forth in part in the description which follows and, in part, will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
Drawings
The above and/or additional aspects and advantages of the present invention will become apparent and readily appreciated from the following description of the embodiments, taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of which:
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a reflection path of a transparent backplane and a mesh backplane in the prior art;
fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of a solar cell back sheet according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Detailed Description
Reference will now be made in detail to embodiments of the present invention, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, wherein like or similar reference numerals refer to the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar function throughout. The embodiments described below with reference to the drawings are illustrative and intended to be illustrative of the invention and are not to be construed as limiting the invention.
In one aspect of the present invention, a solar cell backsheet is presented. According to an embodiment of the present invention, referring to fig. 2, the solar cell back sheet includes: a first mesh layer 100, a second mesh layer 200, a tie layer 300, a substrate layer 400, and a weathering layer 500.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the first mesh layer 100 includes a weather-resistant resin, a nano-filler a, an isocyanate and a solvent, wherein the weather-resistant resin can significantly improve the adhesion performance and the wet heat resistance of the first mesh layer 100, the nano-filler a can highly reflect light, the isocyanate is used as a curing agent, and can be cured and cross-linked with hydroxyl groups in the weather-resistant resin to form urethane groups due to the isocyanate groups, and the urethane groups have strong polarity and are insoluble in non-polar groups, so that the weather-resistant resin has good oil resistance, toughness, wear resistance, aging resistance and adhesion, and the formed first mesh layer 100 has excellent adhesion and wet heat resistance.
Further, the first mesh layer 100 includes: 20.0-36.0 wt% of weather-resistant resin, 10.0-16.0 wt% of nano-filler A, 2.0-4.0 wt% of isocyanate and 45.0-67.0 wt% of solvent.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the second mesh layer 200 is formed on the surface of the first mesh layer 100, the second mesh layer 200 includes a weather-resistant resin, a nano-sized filler B, an isocyanate and a solvent, and the weather-resistant resin that similarly constitutes the second mesh layer 200 can significantly improve the adhesive property and the moisture and heat resistance of the second mesh layer 200, the nano-sized filler B can highly reflect light, the isocyanate as a curing agent can cure and crosslink with hydroxyl groups in the weather-resistant resin to form urethane groups because of the isocyanate groups, and the urethane groups have strong polarity and are insoluble in non-polar groups, so that the weather-resistant resin has good oil resistance, toughness, wear resistance, aging resistance and adhesiveness, thereby the formed second mesh layer 200 has excellent adhesive property and moisture and heat resistance, and the nano-sized filler a and the nano-sized filler B having different particle sizes are respectively distributed in the first mesh layer 100 and the second mesh layer 200, thereby avoiding the coating effect of the small-particle-size filler on the large-particle-size filler caused by too wide particle size distribution in the same grid layer, thus improving the reflectivity in the range of 400 nm-1100 nm, simultaneously, the particle size of the nano-grade filler A in the first grid layer 100 is larger than the particle size of the nano-grade filler B in the second grid layer 200, the shorter the wave band of the light is, the stronger the transmission performance to the coating is, therefore, the particle size of the first grid layer is 390 plus 550nm, which is mainly used for reflecting the near infrared light in the 780 plus 1100 wave band, and simultaneously, part of the visible light of 400 plus 780nm is reflected, the particle size of the second grid layer is 200 plus 390nm, which is used for completing the reflection of the visible light which passes through the first grid layer)
Further, the second mesh layer 200 includes: 19.0-34.0 wt% of weather-resistant resin, 11.0-17.0 wt% of nano-grade filler B, 2.0-4.0 wt% of isocyanate and 46.0-67.0 wt% of solvent.
Furthermore, the particle size of the nano-grade filler A is 390-550nm, and the particle size of the nano-grade filler B is 200-390 nm. Specifically, according to the theory of light diffraction, when the particle size of the filler is half of the wavelength of incident light with respect to the incident light with a certain wavelength, the maximum diffraction occurs, and the maximum reflectance is achieved. The particle size of the nano-grade filler A is 390-550nm, and the nano-grade filler A achieves the maximum reflectivity at 780-1100 nm (namely a near infrared light region), and the particle size of the nano-grade filler B is 200-390nm, and the nano-grade filler B achieves the maximum reflectivity at 400-780nm (namely a visible light region). It should be noted that the types of the nano-sized filler a and the nano-sized filler B are not particularly limited, and may be flexibly selected by those skilled in the art according to the needs, for example, the nano-sized filler a and the nano-sized filler B may each independently include at least one of rutile type titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, cerium oxide, and glass beads.
Further, the weather-resistant resin in the first mesh layer 100 and the second mesh layer 200 is formed by blending fluorocarbon resin and moisture-heat resistant acrylic resin, the fluorocarbon resin has excellent thermal stability, chemical resistance and ultra-weather resistance, but the fluorocarbon resin has low surface energy due to large electronegativity of fluorine atoms and low polarizability, and is basically not hydrophilic nor oleophilic, so the adhesiveness of the fluorocarbon resin is poor. The moisture-heat resistant acrylic resin and the fluorocarbon resin are blended, and isocyanate is used as a curing agent and can react with hydroxyl on the moisture-heat resistant acrylic resin to generate urethane groups. The urethane group has strong polarity and is insoluble in a non-polar group, so that the moisture and heat resistant acrylic resin is used for modifying the fluorocarbon resin, so that the weather resistant resin has good oil resistance, toughness, wear resistance, aging resistance and adhesion. Specifically, the mass ratio of the fluorocarbon resin to the humidity-heat resistant acrylic resin is (1-4): 1. the inventor finds that if the content of the fluorocarbon resin is too low, yellow and large appear after ultraviolet aging, and the fluorocarbon resin is easy to pulverize; if the content of the fluorocarbon resin is too high, no obvious advantage exists in chemical cost, and the adhesion force between the coating and the base material after the wet heat aging is poor, so that the risk of coating falling is easy to occur. Therefore, the weather-resistant resin formed by the weather-resistant resin has excellent adhesive property and humidity resistance, is not easy to pulverize and fall off, and reduces the chemical cost.
It should be noted that the kind of fluorocarbon resin is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can flexibly select the fluorocarbon resin according to the need, for example, fluorocarbon resins including hydroxyl-modified tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, amino-modified tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, hydroxyl-modified tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, amino-modified tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, hydroxyl-modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, amino-modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, hydroxyl-modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, amino-modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, hydroxyl-modified polyvinyl fluoride, amino-modified polyvinyl fluoride, hydroxyl-modified polyvinylidene fluoride, amino-modified polyvinylidene fluoride, hydroxyl-modified tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer and amino-modified tetrafluoroethylene -at least one of perfluoroalkylvinyl ether copolymers.
The kind of the humidity-resistant acrylic resin is not particularly limited, and can be flexibly selected by those skilled in the art according to the need, for example, the humidity-resistant acrylic resin includes at least one of epoxy acrylic resin, urethane acrylic resin, and hydroxy acrylic resin.
It should be noted that the kind of the isocyanate is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can flexibly select the isocyanate according to the need, for example, the isocyanate is selected from at least one of toluene diisocyanate trimer, isophorone diisocyanate trimer, hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer, diphenylmethane diisocyanate trimer, toluene diisocyanate dimer, isophorone diisocyanate dimer, hexamethylene diisocyanate dimer, and diphenylmethane diisocyanate dimer.
It should be noted that the kind of the solvent is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can flexibly select the solvent according to the need, for example, the solvent includes at least one of ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, toluene, and butanone.
Further, the first mesh layer 100 has a thickness of 1 to 10 μm, and the second mesh layer 200 has a thickness of 1 to 15 μm. The inventor finds that on the basis of meeting the design index, the chemical cost of the material is increased due to the fact that the thicknesses of the first grid layer and the second grid layer are too large.
According to a specific embodiment of the present invention, the first mesh layer 100 and the second mesh layer 200 may be obtained by: and overprinting the coating liquids of the first grid layer 100 and the second grid layer 200, and curing at 100-165 ℃. It should be noted that the way of overprinting is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can flexibly select, for example, at least one of gravure coating, screen printing, and inkjet printing, as needed.
According to an embodiment of the present invention, the adhesive layer 300 is formed on the surface of the second mesh layer 200, and the thickness of the adhesive layer 300 is 1 to 20 μm. The inventor finds that the chemical cost of the material is increased due to the fact that the thickness of the bonding layer is too large on the premise that the performance meets the requirement. It should be noted that the material of the bonding layer 300 is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can flexibly select the material according to the needs, for example, at least one of the transparent coating layer, the transparent polyolefin film, the transparent PVF film, and the transparent PVDF film, and those skilled in the art can select the composition of the transparent coating layer according to the needs.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the substrate layer 400 is formed on the surface of the bonding layer 300, and the thickness of the substrate layer 400 is 150 to 300 μm. The material of the substrate layer 400 is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can flexibly select, for example, at least one of a polyethylene terephthalate resin, a polybutylene terephthalate resin, and a polyethylene naphthalate resin, as needed.
According to the embodiment of the present invention, the weather-resistant layer 500 is formed on the surface of the substrate layer 400, and the thickness of the weather-resistant layer 500 is 20 to 30 μm. The inventor finds that the thickness of the weather-resistant layer is too small, so that the protective effect on the base material cannot be guaranteed; the thickness of the weather-resistant layer is too large, so that the chemical cost of the material is increased. It should be noted that the material of the weathering layer 500 is not particularly limited, and those skilled in the art can flexibly select the material according to the needs, such as at least one of transparent fluorocarbon coating, transparent PVF film, transparent PVDF film, and transparent ETFE film.
The inventors found that the weather-resistant resin, the nano-sized filler a, the isocyanate and the solvent are mixed as a first mesh layer of the solar cell back sheet, the weather-resistant resin, the nano-sized filler B, the isocyanate and the solvent are mixed as a second mesh layer of the solar cell back sheet, and the second mesh layer is formed on the first mesh layer, wherein the weather-resistant resin can significantly improve the adhesive property and the moisture and heat resistance of the first mesh layer and the second mesh layer; the nanometer filler A and the nanometer filler B with different particle diameters are respectively distributed in the first grid layer and the second grid layer, so that the coating effect of small-particle-diameter filler on large-particle-diameter filler caused by too wide particle diameter distribution in the same grid layer is avoided, the reflectivity in the range of 400 nm-1100 nm is improved, meanwhile, the particle diameter of the nanometer filler A in the first grid layer is larger than that in the nanometer filler B in the second grid layer, the shorter the wave band of light is, the stronger the transmission performance of the coating is, so that the particle diameter of the first grid layer is set to be 390-550nm and is mainly used for reflecting near-infrared light in the 780-1100 wave band, and meanwhile, part of visible light in the 400-780nm is reflected, and the particle diameter of the second grid layer is 200-390nm and is used for completing the reflection of the visible light transmitted through the first grid layer); and the isocyanate is used as a curing agent in the first grid layer and the second grid layer, can be cured and crosslinked with hydroxyl in the weather-resistant resin to generate a urethane group due to the isocyanate group, and has strong polarity and is not dissolved in a non-polar group, so that the weather-resistant resin has good oil resistance, toughness, wear resistance, aging resistance and adhesiveness. And then sequentially forming a bonding layer, a base material layer and a weather-resistant layer on the surface of the second grid layer, thereby obtaining the solar cell back plate. Compared with the existing solar cell backboard, the coating reflectivity is lower, when the reflectivity is improved, the thickness of the coating needs to be increased, and the solar cell backboard provided by the invention has higher reflectivity when the coating thickness is smaller, so that the possibility of low-thickness coating is realized, and the reflectivity in a visible light region and a near infrared region is greatly improved. Therefore, the solar cell back sheet has excellent adhesive property and humidity resistance, and the reflectivity in the range of 400nm to 1100nm is improved.
In another aspect of the invention, a solar cell is provided. According to an embodiment of the present invention, the solar cell includes the solar cell back sheet described above. Therefore, the solar cell has long service life and higher photoelectric conversion rate. It should be noted that the features and advantages described above for the solar cell backsheet also apply to the solar cell, and are not described herein again.
The following embodiments of the present invention are described in detail, and it should be noted that the following embodiments are exemplary only, and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.
Example 1
First grid layer coating liquid formula: taking 25.0g of fluorocarbon resin (Changxing ETERFLON41011, hydroxyl modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer), 25.0g of acrylic resin (Huake 2605A), 63.6g of butyl acetate and nano-grade filler TiO2(DuPont R960)21.4g, median particle size 500nm, ground to give coating solution A1, and added isocyanate (N3390)5.2g and stirred well to give a white first mesh layer coating solution.
Second mesh layerThe formula of the coating liquid is as follows: taking 25.0g of fluorocarbon resin (Changxing ETERFLON41011, hydroxyl modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer), 25.0g of acrylic resin (Huake 2605A), 69.0g of butyl acetate and nano-grade filler TiO2(DuPont R706)25g, median particle size 360nm, was ground to give coating solution A2, 5.2g of isocyanate (N3390) was added and stirred well to give a white coating solution for the second mesh layer.
The manufacturing method of the solar cell back plate comprises the following steps: coating a transparent bonding layer (Lekei autonomous product) coating liquid on one side of PET with the thickness of 250 mu m, and drying for 2min at 140 ℃ to obtain a bonding layer with the thickness of 10 mu m; coating the second grid layer coating liquid on the transparent bonding layer, and drying at 140 ℃ for 2min to obtain a second grid layer with the thickness of 15 microns; overprinting the first grid layer on the basis of the second grid layer, and drying at 140 ℃ for 2min to obtain a first grid layer with the thickness of 10 mu m; then compounding a transparent PVF film weather-resistant layer with the dry thickness of 25 mu m on the other surface of the PET, and testing the performance of the sample piece after curing for 3 days at 50 ℃.
Example 2
First grid layer coating liquid formula: 33.3g of fluorocarbon resin (Changxing ETERFLON41011, hydroxyl modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer), 16.7g of acrylic resin (Huake 2605A), 66.6g of butyl acetate and nano-grade filler TiO2(DuPont R960)23.1g, median particle size 500nm, ground to give coating solution A1, added with 5.6g of isocyanate (N3390), and stirred well to give a white first mesh layer coating solution.
The formula of the coating liquid for the second grid layer is as follows: 33.3g of fluorocarbon resin (Changxing ETERFLON41011, hydroxyl modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer), 16.7g of acrylic resin (Huake 2605A), 78.1g of butyl acetate and nano-grade filler TiO2(DuPont R706)27.3g, median particle size 360nm, ground to give coating solution A2, added with 5.6g of isocyanate (N3390), and stirred well to give a white coating solution for the second mesh layer.
The manufacturing method of the solar cell back plate comprises the following steps: coating a transparent bonding layer (Lekei autonomous product) coating liquid on one side of PET with the thickness of 250 mu m, and drying for 2min at 140 ℃ to obtain a bonding layer with the thickness of 10 mu m; coating the second grid layer coating liquid on the transparent bonding layer, and drying at 140 ℃ for 1.5min to obtain a second grid layer with the thickness of 10 microns; overprinting the first grid layer on the basis of the second grid layer, and drying at 140 ℃ for 1.5min to obtain a first grid layer with the thickness of 10 mu m; then, a 25 μm transparent FEVE coating was applied to the other side of the PET, and the sample was cured at 50 ℃ for 3 days to test the properties.
Example 3
First grid layer coating liquid formula: 40.0g of fluorocarbon resin (Changxing ETERFLON41011, hydroxyl modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer), 10.0g of acrylic resin (Huake 2605A), 160.6g of butyl acetate and nano-grade filler TiO2(DuPont R960)25.0g, median particle size 500nm, ground to give coating solution A1, added with 6.0g of isocyanate (N3390), and stirred well to give a white first mesh layer coating solution.
The formula of the coating liquid for the second grid layer is as follows: taking 25.0g of fluorocarbon resin (Changxing ETERFLON41011, hydroxyl modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer), 25.0g of acrylic resin (Huake 2605A), 174.6g of butyl acetate and nano-grade filler TiO2(DuPont R706)30.0g, median particle size 360nm, ground to give coating solution A2, added with 6.0g of isocyanate (N3390), and stirred well to give a white coating solution for the second mesh layer.
The manufacturing method of the solar cell back plate comprises the following steps: coating a transparent bonding layer (Lekei autonomous product) coating liquid on one side of PET with the thickness of 250 mu m, and drying for 2min at 140 ℃ to obtain a bonding layer with the thickness of 10 mu m; coating a second grid layer coating liquid on the transparent bonding layer, and drying at 140 ℃ for 1min to obtain a second grid layer with the thickness of 1.0 mu m; overprinting the first grid layer on the basis of the second grid layer, and drying at 140 ℃ for 1min to obtain a first grid layer with the thickness of 1.0 mu m; then compounding a transparent PDVF film with the dry thickness of 25 mu m on the other surface of the PET, and testing the performance after curing the sample piece for 3 days at 50 ℃.
Comparative example 1
The formula of the grid layer coating liquid is as follows: 33.3g of fluorocarbon resin (Changxing ETERFLON41011 hydroxyl modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer), 16.7g of acrylic resin (Huake 2605A), 66.6g of butyl acetate and nano-grade filler TiO2(DuPont R960)11.5g, median particle size 500nmNano-sized filler TiO2(DuPont R706)11.6g, median particle size 360nm, was ground to give coating solution A, 5.6g of isocyanate (N3390) was added, and stirred well to give a white mesh layer coating solution.
The manufacturing method of the solar cell back plate comprises the following steps: coating a transparent bonding layer (Lekei autonomous product) coating liquid on one side of PET with the thickness of 250 mu m, and drying at 140 ℃ for 2min to obtain a bonding layer with the thickness of 10 mu m; coating the grid layer coating liquid on the transparent bonding layer, and drying for 2min at 140 ℃ to obtain a grid layer with the thickness of 25 mu m; a25 μm clear FEVE coating was then applied to the PET and the plaques were cured at 50 ℃ for 3 days before testing for performance.
Comparative example 2
The formula of the grid layer coating liquid is as follows: 33.3g of fluorocarbon resin (Changxing ETERFLON41011, hydroxyl modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer), 16.7g of acrylic resin (Huake 2605A), 66.6g of butyl acetate and nano-grade filler TiO2(DuPont R960)11.5g, median particle size 500nm, nanoscale filler TiO2(DuPont R706)11.6g, median particle size 500nm, was ground to give coating A, 5.6g of isocyanate (N3390) was added, and stirred well to give a white coating for mesh layer.
The manufacturing method of the solar cell back plate comprises the following steps: coating a transparent bonding layer (Lekei autonomous product) coating liquid on one side of PET with the thickness of 250 mu m, and drying at 140 ℃ for 2min to obtain a bonding layer with the thickness of 1.0 mu m; coating the grid layer coating liquid on the transparent bonding layer, and drying for 2min at 140 ℃ to obtain a grid layer with the thickness of 1.0 mu m; a25 μm clear FEVE coating was applied to the PET and the plaques were cured at 50 ℃ for 3 days before testing for performance.
And (4) testing standard:
1. and testing the peeling force between the EVA:
the tests were carried out according to the standard GB/T2790-1995.
2. And (3) testing a yellowing value:
the test was carried out according to standard GB/T7975-.
3. And (3) reflectivity testing:
reference is made to the GJB 5023.1A-2012 material and coating reflectivity and emissivity test methods.
The results of the peel force test with EVA, the yellowing value test and the reflectance test of examples 1 to 3 and comparative examples 1 to 2 are shown in table 1:
TABLE 1
In the description herein, references to the description of the term "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "an example," "a specific example," or "some examples," etc., mean that a particular feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the terms used above are not necessarily intended to refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. Furthermore, various embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification can be combined and combined by one skilled in the art without contradiction.
Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it is understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limiting the present invention, and that variations, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made to the above embodiments by those of ordinary skill in the art within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A solar cell backsheet, comprising:
a first mesh layer comprising a weatherable resin, a nanoscale filler A, an isocyanate, and a solvent;
a second mesh layer formed on a surface of the first mesh layer, the second mesh layer including a weather-resistant resin, a nano-sized filler B, an isocyanate, and a solvent;
an adhesive layer formed on a surface of the second mesh layer;
a base material layer formed on a surface of the adhesive layer;
a weathering layer formed on a surface of the base material layer,
wherein the particle size of the nano-scale filler A is larger than that of the nano-scale filler B.
2. The solar cell backsheet according to claim 1, wherein the nano-sized filler a has a particle diameter of 390 to 550 nm;
optionally, the particle size of the nano-scale filler B is 200-390 nm.
3. The solar cell backsheet according to claim 1, wherein the first mesh layer has a thickness of 1 to 10 μm and the second mesh layer has a thickness of 1 to 15 μm.
4. The solar cell backsheet according to claim 1 or 3, wherein the first mesh layer comprises: 20.0-36.0 wt% of weather-resistant resin, 10.0-16.0 wt% of nano-filler A, 2.0-4.0 wt% of isocyanate and 45.0-67.0 wt% of solvent;
optionally, the second mesh layer comprises: 19.0-34.0 wt% of weather-resistant resin, 11.0-17.0 wt% of nano-grade filler B, 2.0-4.0 wt% of isocyanate and 46.0-67.0 wt% of solvent.
5. The solar battery back sheet according to claim 4, wherein the weatherable resin is prepared by blending fluorocarbon resin and moisture-heat resistant acrylic resin;
optionally, the mass ratio of the fluorocarbon resin to the humidity-heat resistant acrylic resin is (1-4): 1.
6. the solar battery backsheet according to claim 5, wherein the fluorocarbon resin comprises one of a hydroxyl-modified tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, an amino-modified tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, a hydroxyl-modified tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, an amino-modified tetrafluoroethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, a hydroxyl-modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, an amino-modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ether copolymer, a hydroxyl-modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, an amino-modified chlorotrifluoroethylene-vinyl ester copolymer, a hydroxyl-modified polyvinyl fluoride, an amino-modified polyvinyl fluoride, a hydroxyl-modified polyvinylidene fluoride, an amino-modified polyvinylidene fluoride, a hydroxyl-modified tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer and an amino-modified tetrafluoroethylene-perfluoroalkyl vinyl ether copolymer At least one of;
optionally, the heat and humidity resistant acrylic resin comprises at least one of epoxy acrylic resin, urethane acrylic resin and hydroxyl acrylic resin.
7. The solar cell backsheet according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the nano-sized filler a and the nano-sized filler B each independently comprise at least one of rutile type titanium dioxide, zinc oxide, cerium oxide, and glass beads;
optionally, the isocyanate is selected from at least one of toluene diisocyanate trimer, isophorone diisocyanate trimer, hexamethylene diisocyanate trimer, diphenylmethane diisocyanate trimer, toluene diisocyanate dimer, isophorone diisocyanate dimer, hexamethylene diisocyanate dimer, and diphenylmethane diisocyanate dimer;
optionally, the solvent comprises at least one of ethyl acetate, butyl acetate, dibutyl phthalate, toluene, and butanone.
8. The solar cell backsheet of claim 1, wherein the tie layer comprises at least one of a transparent coating, a transparent polyolefin film, a transparent PVF film, a transparent PVDF film;
optionally, the substrate layer comprises at least one of a polyethylene terephthalate resin, a polybutylene terephthalate resin, and a polyethylene naphthalate resin;
optionally, the weathering layer includes at least one of a transparent fluorocarbon coating, a transparent PVF film, a transparent PVDF film, a transparent ETFE film.
9. The solar cell backsheet according to claim 1 or 8, wherein the adhesive layer has a thickness of 1 to 20 μm;
optionally, the thickness of the substrate layer is 150-300 μm;
optionally, the thickness of the weather-resistant layer is 20-30 μm.
10. A solar cell comprising the solar cell backsheet according to any one of claims 1 to 9.
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