CN114148208B - Battery capacity adjusting method and device for electric automobile - Google Patents
Battery capacity adjusting method and device for electric automobile Download PDFInfo
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- CN114148208B CN114148208B CN202111391755.5A CN202111391755A CN114148208B CN 114148208 B CN114148208 B CN 114148208B CN 202111391755 A CN202111391755 A CN 202111391755A CN 114148208 B CN114148208 B CN 114148208B
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- battery unit
- electric automobile
- mechanical arm
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/80—Exchanging energy storage elements, e.g. removable batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Power Engineering (AREA)
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- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
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Abstract
The invention provides a battery capacity adjusting method and device of an electric automobile, comprising the following steps: A. judging whether the electric automobile is required to be leased or returned to the battery unit, if yes, entering the step B, and if yes, entering the step D; B. the regulating station prepares a proper number of battery units; C. e, after the electric automobile starts an installation space and performs position calibration, the mechanical arm places and fixes the prepared battery unit in the installation space to form a power supply unit and enters the step E; D. e, after the electric automobile is started to the installation space by the adjusting station, the battery unit in the installation space is taken out by the mechanical arm after the position calibration is carried out by the first identification device arranged on the mechanical arm, and the step E is carried out; E. the electric automobile drives away from the adjustment station. The invention can realize the adjustment of the battery capacity of the electric automobile with low cost and high efficiency, effectively solve the problem of long-distance switching running of the automobile, and avoid long-distance anxiety of drivers caused by the problem of continuous running of the automobile battery and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a battery capacity adjusting method and device of an electric automobile.
Background
With the proposal of energy conservation, emission reduction and green environment-friendly traffic concepts, electric vehicles are greatly developed in recent years as new energy vehicles, and the conservation quantity of the electric vehicles is also continuously increased. But battery problems of the electric vehicle also occur. Because battery duration and charging equipment supply are limited, and the short distance and long distance running have obvious demand difference to the duration and consumption cost of the vehicle battery, the vehicle is difficult to meet the demand of short distance and long distance switching use simultaneously. Therefore, the drivers need to face the problems of whether the vehicle needs to be charged, searching for a charging area and staying in a fixed place for charging at all times during long distance driving at present, so that long distance anxiety of continuous driving of the automobile battery exists for a plurality of electric automobile drivers. How to realize the battery expansion of the electric automobile with low cost and high efficiency, effectively solves the problem of long-short distance switching running of the automobile, and becomes one of the important influencing factors of whether the electric automobile can be further popularized and developed.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a battery capacity adjusting method and device for an electric automobile, which can realize the adjustment of the battery capacity of the electric automobile with low cost and high efficiency, effectively solve the problem of long-distance switching running of the automobile, and avoid long-distance anxiety of a driver caused by the problem of continuous running of the automobile battery and the like.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a battery capacity adjusting method of an electric automobile comprises the following steps:
A. the electric automobile enters an adjusting station, the adjusting station judges whether the electric automobile needs to rent a battery unit or return the battery unit according to reservation information of the electric automobile, if the electric automobile rents the battery unit, the step B is carried out, and if the electric automobile rents the battery unit, the step D is carried out;
B. the regulation station prepares a proper number of battery units according to the reservation information;
C. After an electric automobile is started to be used for placing a battery unit in an installation space of an adjusting station, and after the position of the electric automobile is calibrated through a first identification device arranged on a mechanical arm, the mechanical arm places and fixes the prepared battery unit in a corresponding position in the installation space to form a power supply unit, the power supply unit is detachably and electrically connected with an electric quantity detection module, a driving mechanism and a charging interface of the electric automobile respectively, a first controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the driving mechanism in series, a second controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the charging interface in series, and the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch are both connected with the electric quantity detection module and enter the step E;
The power supply unit comprises at least one battery unit, and when the number of the battery units is more than two, the mechanical arm controls the adjacent two battery units to be detachably and electrically connected through the matching of the first and second connecting mechanisms so as to realize the serial connection of the battery units;
D. E, after the electric automobile is started to the installation space by the adjusting station, the battery unit in the installation space is taken out by the mechanical arm after the position calibration is carried out by the first identification device arranged on the mechanical arm, and the step E is carried out;
E. The electric automobile drives away from the adjustment station.
Further, in the step B, a plurality of battery units with different capacities are adjusted in the station, and a proper number of battery units are prepared according to the lease capacity provided in the reservation information.
Further, the mechanical arm is provided with a control mechanism, the first recognition device comprises a plurality of first cameras which are arranged on the mechanical arm at intervals in a surrounding manner and a plurality of first infrared sensors which are arranged on the mechanical arm at intervals in a surrounding manner, and each first camera and each first infrared sensor are connected with the control mechanism.
Further, the installation space is arranged at the head or the tail of the electric automobile, a plurality of installation positions are arranged in the installation space at intervals, first electromagnets are arranged on the installation positions, and first absorption parts capable of being absorbed by the first electromagnets are arranged at the bottoms of the battery units.
Further, the first coupling mechanism is including setting up the first piece that draws forth on the battery unit, set up on first piece that draws forth and the extension piece that extends vertically upwards and set up respectively in two arc spacing groove of extension piece both sides, and the second coupling mechanism is including setting up the second piece that draws forth on the battery unit, the interval sets up on the second piece that draws forth and two clamping pieces that extend vertically downwards and set up respectively at two clamping pieces inboard and with spacing groove matched stopper, first, second draw forth the piece and be connected with battery unit's two poles of pole electricity respectively, in step C, the battery unit of putting into after the arm control makes its two clamping pieces overlap downwards on adjacent battery unit's extension piece to make two stoppers block into spacing inslot respectively.
Further, in the step C, after the mechanical arm places the battery unit in the mounting position, the corresponding first electromagnet is electrified to fix the battery unit on the mounting position; in the step D, when the mechanical arm takes out the battery unit, the first electromagnet corresponding to the battery unit is powered off.
Further, the first connecting mechanism is arranged at the rear end and one side surface of the battery unit, and the second connecting mechanism is arranged at the front end and the other side surface of the battery unit.
Further, the electric automobile comprises a vehicle-mounted battery, the vehicle-mounted battery is connected with the driving mechanism and the charging interface through a third controllable switch and a fourth driving mechanism respectively, and the third controllable switch and the fourth controllable switch are both connected with the electric quantity detection module.
The invention is also realized by the following technical scheme:
The battery capacity adjusting device of an electric automobile, the electric automobile has an installation space in which a battery unit is placed, the battery capacity adjusting device includes:
Adjusting a station: the electric vehicle battery pack comprises a mechanical arm, a control mechanism arranged on the mechanical arm, a first identification device and a plurality of battery units, wherein the first identification device and the plurality of battery units are arranged on the mechanical arm, the control mechanism judges that the battery units need to be leased or returned to be leased according to reservation information of the electric vehicle, if the battery units are leased, after the position calibration is carried out through the first identification device, the mechanical arm places and fixes a proper number of battery units at corresponding positions in an installation space to form a power supply unit, the power supply unit is respectively and detachably and electrically connected with an electric quantity detection module, a driving mechanism and a charging interface of the electric vehicle, a first controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the driving mechanism in series, a second controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the charging interface in series, and the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch are both connected with the electric quantity detection module; if the battery unit is returned, the mechanical arm takes out the battery unit in the installation space;
the battery units are respectively provided with a first connecting mechanism and a second connecting mechanism which are matched in pairs, the power supply unit comprises at least one battery unit, and when the number of the battery units is more than two, the mechanical arm controls the adjacent two battery units to be detachably connected in a conductive manner through the matching of the first connecting mechanism and the second connecting mechanism so as to realize the serial connection of the battery units.
Further, first coupling mechanism is including setting up the first piece that draws forth on the battery unit, set up on first piece that draws forth and the extension piece that vertical upwards extends and set up respectively in two arc spacing groove of extension piece both sides, second coupling mechanism is including setting up the second piece that draws forth on the battery unit, the interval sets up on the second piece that draws forth and two clamping pieces that vertical downwardly extends and set up respectively at two clamping pieces inboard and with spacing groove matched stopper, first, second draws forth the piece respectively with battery unit's two poles of electrode electricity be connected, during the connection, two clamping pieces of the battery unit of putting into after downwards overlaps on adjacent battery unit's extension piece, and make two stoppers block into spacing inslot respectively.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. When the electric automobile needs to adjust the battery capacity, reservation information is sent to an adjustment station under the condition that an own vehicle-mounted battery is electrified, the reservation information comprises battery units to be leased or battery units to be returned and the capacity of the leased battery or the quantity of the returned battery units, the adjustment station carries out different treatments according to the reservation information, when the electric automobile needs to be leased, the battery units with proper quantity are prepared according to the battery capacity to be leased, the battery units are placed and fixed in an installation space of the electric automobile by a mechanical arm to form a power supply unit, the power supply unit is respectively connected with a driving mechanism and a charging interface of the electric automobile in a detachable and conductive mode, when the electric automobile is connected with a charging pile for charging, after the electric automobile is fully charged, the electric quantity detection module controls the second controllable switch to be closed, the charging pile continues to charge the power supply unit, and when the electric automobile is used up, the electric quantity detection module controls the first controllable switch to be closed, the power supply unit is provided for a driving mechanism, and when the battery units need to be returned, the battery units in the installation space are taken out by the mechanical arm, namely the battery units in the installation space are high-efficient battery units are removed, and the problem of low-speed electric automobile is solved, and the problem of long-distance running cost and the electric automobile is effectively solved, and the problem of the electric automobile is solved, and the problem of long-distance running cost is effectively is solved; because the rented power supply unit can be charged in the electric vehicle, the battery unit placed in the regulating station can be in a non-electricity or less-electricity state, so that the regulating station only plays roles in allocating and keeping the battery units, and the condition that each battery unit is full of electricity is not required to be ensured, the pressure of the regulating station is greatly reduced, and renting services can be provided for more electric vehicles; the vehicle-mounted battery of the electric vehicle is not replaced, and the newly added battery unit can directly supply power to the electric vehicle, so that a user can purchase electric vehicles with any battery capacities of different brands according to own preference and demand, and the problem of matching caused by directly replacing the vehicle-mounted battery in the prior art is avoided, and the user experience satisfaction is greatly improved; be provided with on the battery unit and mate paired first coupling mechanism and second coupling mechanism, two adjacent battery units realize dismantling electrically conductive connection through first, second coupling mechanism's cooperation for the installation and the dismantlement of battery unit are all more convenient.
2. The battery units with various different capacities are arranged in the regulation site, and the flexibility of capacity regulation can be effectively improved according to the leasing capacity provided in the reservation information.
3. The installation space of the electric vehicle is internally provided with a plurality of installation positions, each installation position is provided with a first electromagnet, a battery unit is placed on the installation position and is adsorbed and fixed by the corresponding first electromagnet, when the battery unit is continuously placed, the mechanical arm enables two clamping pieces of a second connecting mechanism of the battery unit placed later to be downwards sleeved on an extending piece of the adjacent battery unit (the adjacent battery unit can be front-back adjacent or left-right adjacent), limiting blocks on the inner sides of the two clamping pieces are respectively clamped into the limiting grooves, so that the two battery units are connected in series, the stability of the connection of the battery units can be ensured under the action of the first electromagnet, the matched limiting blocks and the limiting grooves, the situation of poor contact of the battery units caused by vibration in the driving process is avoided, when the battery unit needs to be removed, the first electromagnet corresponding to the battery unit is powered off, the mechanical arm applies upward force to the battery unit, and the adjacent battery unit is still adsorbed by the corresponding first electromagnet, so that the mechanical arm can rapidly separate the clamping pieces from the extending piece, and the battery unit can be removed.
Drawings
The invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the method of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a schematic view of the present invention with a battery unit in place.
Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of a battery cell according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic diagram of a battery cell tandem connection according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a schematic circuit diagram of the charging and power supply of the battery unit of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a schematic view of a robotic arm grasping a battery cell according to the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the grabbing mechanism of the present invention.
1, An electric automobile; 11. an installation space; 12. an electric quantity detection module; 13. a driving mechanism; 14. a charging interface; 15. a vehicle-mounted battery; k3, a third controllable switch; k4, a fourth controllable switch; 2. a mechanical arm; 21. a vertical rod; 22. a first transverse articulated arm; 23. a second transverse articulated arm; 24. a first longitudinal joint arm; 25. a second longitudinal joint arm; 31. a first camera; 32. a first infrared sensor; 4. a grabbing mechanism; 41. a support shaft; 42. a rotating wheel; 43. a disc; 44. a second camera; 45. a second infrared sensor; 46. a second electromagnet; 50. a power supply unit; 5. a battery unit; 51. a first connection mechanism; 511. a first lead-out piece; 512. an extension piece; 513. a limit groove; 52. a second connection mechanism; 521. a second lead-out piece; 522. a clamping piece; 523. a limiting block; 524. a guide section; k1, a first controllable switch; k2, a second controllable switch.
Detailed Description
As shown in fig. 1 to 7, the battery capacity adjustment method of the electric vehicle includes the steps of:
A. The electric automobile 1 drives into an adjusting station under the condition that the vehicle-mounted battery 15 is powered on, the adjusting station is provided with a fixed lane and a storage table, the adjusting station judges whether the electric automobile 1 needs to rent the battery unit 5 or return the battery unit 5 according to reservation information of the electric automobile 1, if the electric automobile 1 is rented, the step B is entered, and if the electric automobile 1 is returned to the battery unit 5, the step D is entered;
the adjusting station comprises a mechanical arm 2, a control mechanism arranged on the mechanical arm 2, a first identification device arranged on the mechanical arm 2, a grabbing mechanism 4 arranged at the end part of the mechanical arm 2 and a plurality of battery units 5, reservation information of the electric automobile 1 is received by the control mechanism, the reservation information comprises battery units 5 to be leased or battery units 5 to be returned, the capacity of leased batteries or the number of returned battery units 5, wherein in the case of leasing, the electric automobile 1 can only indicate the capacity in the reservation information or clearly indicate the number of the batteries to be leased;
B. The capacities of a plurality of battery units 5 in the adjusting station are not completely the same, namely, the adjusting station is internally provided with a plurality of battery units 5 with different capacities, reservation information sent by the electric automobile 1 is received by a control mechanism on the mechanical arm 2, a worker at the adjusting station can prepare a proper number of battery units 5 according to specific requirements of the reservation information, and the prepared battery units 5 are placed on a storage table and positioned in the grabbing range of the mechanical arm 2, and the electric automobile 1 can just stop in the operating range of the mechanical arm 2 through the guidance of a fixed lane; the process that the electric automobile 1 sends out reservation information and is received by the control mechanism is the prior art;
C. In order to place the rented battery unit 5, the electric automobile 1 is provided with a mounting space 11, the mounting space 11 can be arranged at the head or the tail of the electric automobile 1, the head or the tail of the existing electric automobile 1 has a free space, the space can be used as the mounting space 11, more specifically, the bottom of the mounting space 11 is divided into a plurality of mounting positions with intervals, each mounting position is provided with a first electromagnet, each first electromagnet is powered by a vehicle-mounted battery 15 of the electric automobile 1, the control system of the electric automobile 1 controls the on-off of each first electromagnet, the connection of the first electromagnet and the vehicle-mounted battery 15, and the control system controls the on-off process of each first electromagnet are all in the prior art;
After the electric automobile 1 is started to the installation space 11, the position calibration is carried out through the first identification device, the first identification device comprises a plurality of first cameras 31 which are arranged on the mechanical arm 2 at intervals in a surrounding manner and a plurality of first infrared sensors 32 which are arranged on the mechanical arm 2 at intervals in a surrounding manner, the first infrared sensors 32 are positioned below the opposite cameras, each first camera 31 and each first infrared sensor 32 are connected with the control mechanism, the installation position where the current battery unit 5 is placed is calibrated through the cooperation of the first cameras 31, the first infrared sensors 32 and the control mechanism, the mechanical arm 2 is controlled to rotate by a corresponding angle according to the installation position, so that the battery unit 5 is accurately placed on the corresponding installation position, the first absorption parts which can be absorbed by the first electromagnets are arranged at the bottom of the battery unit 5, and after the battery unit 5 is placed on the installation position, the corresponding first electromagnets are electrified, so that the battery unit 5 is absorbed by the first electromagnets; the first absorbent member may be a metal sheet; after all the battery units 5 are placed in the corresponding installation positions by the mechanical arm 2, a power supply unit 50 is formed; the electric automobile 1 comprises a vehicle-mounted battery 15, an electric quantity detection module 12, a driving mechanism 13 and a charging interface 14, wherein the driving mechanism 13 is a motor, the charging interface 14 is an interface connected with a charging pile for charging, the vehicle-mounted battery 15 is connected with the driving mechanism 13 and the charging interface 14 through a third controllable switch K3 and a fourth controllable switch K13 respectively, the third controllable switch K3 and the fourth controllable switch K4 are connected with the electric quantity detection module 12, a power supply unit 50 is connected with the electric quantity detection module 12, the driving mechanism 13 and the charging interface 14 of the electric automobile 1 in a detachable conductive manner respectively, a first controllable switch K1 is connected between the power supply unit 50 and the driving mechanism 13 in series, a second controllable switch K2 is connected between the power supply unit 50 and the charging interface 14 in series, and the first controllable switch K1 and the second controllable switch K2 are connected with the electric quantity detection module 12 respectively, and enter a step E;
the connection between the power supply unit 50 and the power detection module 12, the driving mechanism 13 and the charging interface 14 can be realized through a wire or a connecting sheet, and the specific connection structure is the prior art;
The front end and the rear end of the battery unit 5 are provided with a first connecting mechanism 51 and a second connecting mechanism 52 which are matched in pairs, and the left side surface and the right side surface are also provided with the first connecting mechanism 51 and the second connecting mechanism 52 which are matched in pairs, so that the connection modes of the battery unit 5 can be more varied, the power supply unit 50 comprises at least one battery unit 5, and when only one battery unit 5 is provided, the battery unit 5 is the power supply unit 50; when more than two battery units 5 are provided, the mechanical arm 2 controls the adjacent two battery units 5 to be detachably and electrically connected through the cooperation of the first connecting mechanism 51 and the second connecting mechanism 52 so as to realize the serial connection of the battery units 5;
More specifically, the first connection mechanism 51 includes a first lead-out piece 511 disposed on the battery unit 5, an extension piece 512 disposed on the first lead-out piece 511 and extending vertically upwards, and two arc-shaped limiting grooves 513 disposed on two sides of the extension piece 512, the second connection mechanism 52 includes a second lead-out piece 521 disposed on the battery unit 5, two clamping pieces 522 disposed on the second lead-out piece 521 at intervals and extending vertically downwards, and limiting blocks 523 disposed inside the two clamping pieces 522 and matching the limiting grooves 513, the first lead-out piece 511 and the second lead-out piece 521 are electrically connected with two poles of the battery unit 5, respectively, the mechanical arm 2 controls the battery unit 5 placed in after the mechanical arm 2 to have the two clamping pieces 522 sleeved on the extension piece 512 of the adjacent battery unit 5 downwards, and the two limiting blocks 523 are respectively blocked into the limiting grooves 513; the upper end of the extension piece 512 and the lower end of the clamping piece 522 are provided with arc-shaped guiding parts 524 for guiding the limiting blocks 523 to be clamped into or separated from the limiting grooves 513; the first connection mechanism 51 and the second connection mechanism 52 are each made of a conductive material;
D. After the electric automobile 1 is started to the installation space 11 at the adjustment station and the position calibration is carried out through the first recognition device, after the battery unit 5 to be taken out currently is determined, the corresponding first electromagnet is powered off, the mechanical arm 2 applies upward force to the battery unit 5 to enable the second connection mechanism 52 to be separated from the first connection mechanism 51 of the adjacent battery unit 5, so that the battery unit 5 is taken out of the installation space 11, and if a plurality of battery units 5 need to be returned, the mechanical arm 2 sequentially takes out the battery units 5 in the installation space 11 according to the process and enters the step E;
E. The electric automobile 1 is driven away from the regulating station;
the process of leasing and returning also comprises calculation and payment of leasing cost, but the part is the prior art.
The battery unit 5 is put in and taken out, all accomplish through arm 2 and the grabbing mechanism 4 that sets up on arm 2, arm 2 includes montant 21, but the horizontal rotation sets up the first horizontal articulated arm 22 in montant 21 upper end, but the horizontal rotation sets up the second horizontal articulated arm 23 in first horizontal articulated arm 22 tip, but the vertical rotation sets up the first vertical articulated arm 24 in second horizontal articulated arm 23 tip, and but the vertical rotation sets up the second vertical articulated arm 25 in first vertical articulated arm 24 tip, first camera 31 and first infrared inductor 32 all encircle the interval setting on montant 21, control mechanism then sets up inside montant 21, grabbing mechanism 4 includes the back shaft 41 that sets up at arm 2 tip rotatably, the swiveling wheel 42 that sets up in back shaft 41 lower extreme, the disc 43 of swiveling wheel 42 lower extreme, encircle a plurality of second cameras 44 that disc 43 interval set up, encircle a plurality of second infrared sensors 45 and the second electromagnet 46 that sets up in disc 43 interval setting up in second battery cell 46, second electromagnet 45 and second battery cell 46 need be connected by second electromagnet 45, second electromagnet 45 when second electromagnet 46 is located in the montant 21, second electromagnet 46, second electromagnet 45 is connected with second battery cell 46, if No. is needed, second electromagnet 46.
In this embodiment, the control mechanism is a single-chip microcomputer, and the first to fourth controllable switches K4 are relays.
The foregoing description is only illustrative of the preferred embodiments of the present invention and is not to be construed as limiting the scope of the invention, i.e., the invention is not to be limited to the details of the claims and the description, but rather is to cover all modifications which are within the scope of the invention.
Claims (6)
1. A battery capacity adjusting method of an electric automobile is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps:
The electric automobile enters an adjusting station, the adjusting station judges whether the electric automobile needs to rent a battery unit or return the battery unit according to reservation information of the electric automobile, if the electric automobile rents the battery unit, the step B is carried out, and if the electric automobile rents the battery unit, the step D is carried out;
The regulation station prepares a proper number of battery units according to the reservation information;
After an electric automobile is started to be used for placing a battery unit in an installation space of an adjusting station, and after the position of the electric automobile is calibrated through a first identification device arranged on a mechanical arm, the mechanical arm places and fixes the prepared battery unit in a corresponding position in the installation space to form a power supply unit, the power supply unit is detachably and electrically connected with an electric quantity detection module, a driving mechanism and a charging interface of the electric automobile respectively, a first controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the driving mechanism in series, a second controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the charging interface in series, and the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch are both connected with the electric quantity detection module and enter the step E;
The power supply unit comprises at least one battery unit, and when the number of the battery units is more than two, the mechanical arm controls the adjacent two battery units to be detachably and electrically connected through the matching of the first and second connecting mechanisms so as to realize the serial connection of the battery units;
e, after the electric automobile is started to the installation space by the adjusting station, the battery unit in the installation space is taken out by the mechanical arm after the position calibration is carried out by the first identification device arranged on the mechanical arm, and the step E is carried out;
The electric automobile drives away from the adjusting station;
The mounting space is arranged at the head or tail of the electric automobile, a plurality of mounting positions are arranged in the mounting space at intervals, a first electromagnet is arranged on each mounting position, and a first adsorption piece capable of being adsorbed by the first electromagnet is arranged at the bottom of the battery unit;
The first connecting mechanism comprises a first leading-out sheet arranged on the battery unit, an extending sheet arranged on the first leading-out sheet and extending vertically upwards, and two arc-shaped limiting grooves respectively arranged on two sides of the extending sheet, the second connecting mechanism comprises a second leading-out sheet arranged on the battery unit, two clamping sheets which are arranged on the second leading-out sheet at intervals and extend vertically downwards, and limiting blocks respectively arranged on the inner sides of the two clamping sheets and matched with the limiting grooves, the upper ends of the extending sheets and the lower ends of the clamping sheets are respectively provided with arc-shaped guiding parts, the first leading-out sheet and the second leading-out sheet are respectively electrically connected with two poles of the battery unit, in the step C, the two clamping sheets of the battery unit which is put in after the mechanical arm is controlled are downwards sleeved on the extending sheet of the adjacent battery unit, and the two limiting blocks are respectively clamped into the limiting grooves; the first connecting mechanism is arranged at the rear end and one side surface of the battery unit, and the second connecting mechanism is arranged at the front end and the other side surface of the battery unit.
2. The battery capacity adjustment method of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: in the step B, a plurality of battery units with different capacities are arranged in the regulating station, and a proper number of battery units are prepared according to the lease capacity provided in the reservation information.
3. The battery capacity adjustment method of an electric vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: the mechanical arm is provided with a control mechanism, the first identification device comprises a plurality of first cameras which are arranged on the mechanical arm at intervals in a surrounding mode and a plurality of first infrared sensors which are arranged on the mechanical arm at intervals in a surrounding mode, and each first camera and each first infrared sensor are connected with the control mechanism.
4. The battery capacity adjustment method for an electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that: in the step C, after the mechanical arm places the battery unit in the installation position, the corresponding first electromagnet is electrified to fix the battery unit on the installation position; in the step D, when the mechanical arm takes out the battery unit, the first electromagnet corresponding to the battery unit is powered off.
5. The battery capacity adjustment method for an electric vehicle according to claim 1 or 2 or 3, characterized in that: the electric automobile comprises a vehicle-mounted battery, the vehicle-mounted battery is connected with the driving mechanism and the charging interface through a third controllable switch and a fourth driving mechanism respectively, and the third controllable switch and the fourth controllable switch are both connected with the electric quantity detection module.
6. The utility model provides a battery capacity adjusting device of electric automobile, electric automobile has the installation space of placing battery unit, its characterized in that: the battery capacity adjustment device includes:
Adjusting a station: the electric vehicle battery pack comprises a mechanical arm, a control mechanism arranged on the mechanical arm, a first identification device and a plurality of battery units, wherein the first identification device and the plurality of battery units are arranged on the mechanical arm, the control mechanism judges that the battery units need to be leased or returned to be leased according to reservation information of the electric vehicle, if the battery units are leased, after the position calibration is carried out through the first identification device, the mechanical arm places and fixes a proper number of battery units at corresponding positions in an installation space to form a power supply unit, the power supply unit is respectively and detachably and electrically connected with an electric quantity detection module, a driving mechanism and a charging interface of the electric vehicle, a first controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the driving mechanism in series, a second controllable switch is connected between the power supply unit and the charging interface in series, and the first controllable switch and the second controllable switch are both connected with the electric quantity detection module; if the battery unit is returned, the mechanical arm takes out the battery unit in the installation space;
The mounting space is arranged at the head or tail of the electric automobile, a plurality of mounting positions are arranged in the mounting space at intervals, a first electromagnet is arranged on each mounting position, and a first adsorption piece capable of being adsorbed by the first electromagnet is arranged at the bottom of the battery unit;
the battery units on the battery units are respectively provided with a first connecting mechanism and a second connecting mechanism which are matched in pairs, the power supply unit comprises at least one battery unit, and when more than two battery units are provided, the mechanical arm controls the adjacent two battery units to be detachably and electrically connected through the matching of the first connecting mechanism and the second connecting mechanism so as to realize the serial connection of the battery units;
The first connecting mechanism comprises a first leading-out sheet arranged on the battery unit, an extending sheet arranged on the first leading-out sheet and extending vertically upwards, and two arc-shaped limiting grooves respectively arranged on two sides of the extending sheet, the second connecting mechanism comprises a second leading-out sheet arranged on the battery unit, two clamping sheets which are arranged on the second leading-out sheet at intervals and extend vertically downwards, and limiting blocks respectively arranged on the inner sides of the two clamping sheets and matched with the limiting grooves, the upper ends of the extending sheets and the lower ends of the clamping sheets are respectively provided with arc-shaped guiding parts, the first leading-out sheet and the second leading-out sheet are respectively electrically connected with two poles of the battery unit, and when the extending sheets are connected, the two clamping sheets of the battery unit placed later are downwards sleeved on the extending sheets of the adjacent battery unit, and the two limiting blocks are respectively clamped into the limiting grooves;
The first connecting mechanism is arranged at the rear end and one side surface of the battery unit, and the second connecting mechanism is arranged at the front end and the other side surface of the battery unit.
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