CN114114045A - Method and device for testing direct current internal resistance of high-power battery - Google Patents
Method and device for testing direct current internal resistance of high-power battery Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention provides a method and a device for testing direct current internal resistance of a high-power battery, wherein the method comprises the following steps: selecting high-power batteries with consistent performance, discharging to a test state after full charge, dividing the high-power batteries into at least two groups, and respectively carrying out discharge direct current internal resistance test under the multiplying power of 1-50C; and discharging the high-power battery to the test state after the high-power battery is fully charged again, and performing charging direct current internal resistance test at the multiplying power of 1-50C after standing. According to the invention, through carrying out the direct current internal resistance test within the charge-discharge multiplying power range of 1-50C, the battery is further restored to the same test state before each test, and the influence on the battery state in the charge-discharge process is effectively avoided.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of batteries, and relates to a method and a device for testing direct current internal resistance of a high-power battery.
Background
In the modern social production life, along with the vigorous development of science and technology, various electronic system-based products emerge endlessly. Many key electronic and system devices require a core component, the energy storage system, to provide power, and the importance of which is thought to be a source of life for a stand-alone system of electronic devices. Among them, lithium batteries are highly regarded by people in all fields by their advantages of high energy density, high operating voltage, long cycle life, light weight, high charging efficiency, no memory effect, etc.
Lithium batteries are classified into high-energy and high-power types according to application fields. Fundamentally, a lithium battery cell cannot have both high energy and high power density characteristics. On the cell layer surface, the rate performance can be improved from the perspective of the pole piece process and the cell structure design, and measures such as making electrodes thinner or increasing the proportion of conductive agents are common technical means. In fact, many power battery companies in China take the high-rate data of the LFP power battery at 30C or even 50C as the technical bright point.
CN112563593A discloses a method for using a high power battery in combination with a high energy battery, comprising the following steps: s1, battery matching, namely selecting a matched high-power battery according to the type of an electric appliance, and selecting a matched high-energy battery according to the attribute of the high-power battery; the method for combining the high-power battery and the high-energy battery achieves the aim of conveniently detecting the power consumption condition and the output condition of the high-power battery and the high-energy battery, and solves the problems that the high-power battery is particularly suitable for a heavy-current continuous discharge occasion when the conventional power energy is applied, the high-energy battery is a battery with higher specific energy, and the high-power battery and the high-energy battery need to be combined for use under a specific environment to improve the utilization rate of electric energy, but the power consumption condition and the output condition of the high-power battery and the high-energy battery are inconvenient to detect, and the electric energy supply is not smooth easily.
Therefore, how to efficiently and accurately test the internal resistance of the high-power battery becomes a problem which needs to be solved urgently at present.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the invention aims to provide a method and a device for testing the direct current internal resistance of a high-power battery, which are used for testing the direct current internal resistance within the range of charge-discharge multiplying power of 1-50C, further recovering the battery to the same test state before each test, and effectively avoiding the influence on the SOC in the charge-discharge process.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the present invention provides a method for testing direct current internal resistance of a high power battery, where the method includes:
selecting high-power batteries with consistent performance, discharging to a test state after full charge, dividing the high-power batteries into at least two groups, and respectively carrying out discharge direct current internal resistance test under the multiplying power of 1-50C;
and discharging the high-power battery to the test state after the high-power battery is fully charged again, and performing charging direct current internal resistance test at the multiplying power of 1-50C after standing.
The battery test method has the advantages that the charge and discharge multiplying power is extended from 1C to 50C, the test multiplying power range is wide, furthermore, the battery is adjusted to the test state again after discharging, the stability of the battery test in the charge and discharge process is kept, the influence of the charge and discharge under large multiplying power on the battery performance is avoided, and the reliability and the stability of the battery test are effectively improved.
In addition, the high-power battery is tested by adopting the testing method, and compared with the testing rule and the result (namely, the direct-current internal resistance of the battery is reduced along with the increase of the discharge rate) of the battery core in the prior art, the change rule of the 10s direct-current internal resistance of the high-power battery is increased and then reduced along with the increase of the discharge rate and finally tends to be gentle, and the rule is different from the normal cognition, so that the application of the high-power battery is laid.
The high-power battery is a battery with a charge-discharge rate of 30-50C, and can be a lithium iron phosphate battery and the like; the temperature of the test environment is not specifically required and limited, and can be reasonably determined by a person skilled in the art according to the temperature of the use environment of the battery, for example, the test temperature of the battery is 20-30 ℃.
It should be noted that, in the present invention, the selection of the charging and discharging multiplying power should be performed in 1-50C, so as to cover the range of 1-50C, the selection interval is not specifically required and specially limited, and a person skilled in the art can perform reasonable grouping tests according to the number of high-power battery samples with consistent selection performance, for example, two batteries in each group are divided into 10 groups, and the charging and discharging multiplying power for the tests is 1C, 5C, 10C, 15C, 20C, 25C, 30C, 35C, 40C, 45C or 50C respectively.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the selecting process, the relative average deviation of the performance parameters of the high power battery is less than or equal to 0.3%, and the performance parameters include capacity, internal resistance and voltage, for example, the relative average deviation is 0.03%, 0.06%, 0.09%, 0.12%, 0.15%, 0.18%, 0.21%, 0.24%, 0.27% or 0.30%.
According to the invention, the high-power batteries with good consistency are selected, so that the problem of large test error caused by poor consistency in the test process is avoided, and the batteries are tested in groups, so that the test efficiency is improved.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, after the selection, a discharge capacity test is performed on the high-power battery sample, the charge-discharge rate of the discharge capacity test is 0.5 to 2C, and the number of cycles is 3 to 10, for example, the charge-discharge rate is 0.5C, 0.6C, 0.8C, 1.0C, 1.2C, 1.4C, 1.6C, 1.8C, or 2.0C, and the number of cycles is 3, 4, 5, 6, 7, 8, 9, or 10 cycles.
As a preferable technical scheme of the invention, in the process of fully charging the high-power battery, the charging multiplying power is 0.5-2C, and the standing time is 5-20 min, for example, the charging multiplying power is 0.5C, 0.6C, 0.8C, 1.0C, 1.2C, 1.4C, 1.6C, 1.8C or 2.0C, and the standing time is 5min, 6min, 8min, 10min, 12min, 14min, 16min, 18min or 20 min.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the process of discharging the high power battery to the test state, the discharge rate is 0.5 to 2C, the discharge time is 20 to 40min, and the standing time is 1 to 3h, for example, the discharge rate is 0.5C, 0.6C, 0.8C, 1.0C, 1.2C, 1.4C, 1.6C, 1.8C, or 2.0C, the discharge time is 20min, 22min, 24min, 26min, 28min, 30min, 32min, 34min, 36min, 38min, or 40min, and the standing time is 1.0h, 1.2h, 1.4h, 1.6h, 1.8h, 2.0h, 2.2h, 2.4h, 2.6h, 2.8h, or 3.0 h.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the discharging direct current internal resistance test, the discharging multiplying power of the high power battery includes 1C, 5C, 10C, 30C and 50C, the discharging time is 5-20 s, and the high power battery is left standing for 3-20 min, for example, the discharging time is 5s, 6s, 8s, 10s, 12s, 14s, 16s, 18s or 20s, and the standing time is 3min, 4min, 6min, 8min, 10min, 12min, 14min, 16min, 18min or 20 min.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, in the charging direct current internal resistance test, the charging multiplying power of the high power battery includes 1C, 5C, 10C, 30C and 50C, the charging time is 5-20 s, and the high power battery is left standing for 3-20 min, for example, the charging time is 5s, 6s, 8s, 10s, 12s, 14s, 16s, 18s or 20s, and the standing time is 3min, 4min, 6min, 8min, 10min, 12min, 14min, 16min, 18min or 20 min.
As a preferable technical solution of the present invention, the calculation method of the discharge direct current internal resistance includes a hybrid pulse capability characteristic analysis.
The calculation mode of the charging direct current internal resistance comprises hybrid power pulse capacity characteristic analysis.
As a preferred technical solution of the present invention, the testing method specifically includes the following steps:
selecting a high-power battery according to the capacity, the internal resistance and the relative average voltage deviation of less than or equal to 0.3%, performing discharge capacity test on the high-power battery for 3-10 circles in a circulating mode at 0.5-2 ℃, fully charging at 0.5-2 ℃, and standing for 5-20 min;
discharging at 0.5-2 ℃ for 20-40 min, discharging the high-power battery to a test state, and standing for 1-3 h;
respectively carrying out discharge direct current internal resistance tests on the high-power battery for 5-20 s at 1C, 5C, 10C, 30C and 50C, and standing for 3-20 min;
after the high-power battery is fully charged and left standing again, discharging to a test state, respectively carrying out charging direct current internal resistance tests for 5-20 s at 1C, 5C, 10C, 30C and 50C, and standing for 3-20 min;
and analyzing the charging direct current internal resistance and the discharging direct current internal resistance according to the hybrid power pulse capacity characteristic.
In a second aspect, the present invention provides a testing apparatus for the method for testing dc internal resistance of a high power battery in the first aspect, where the testing apparatus includes:
and the charge-discharge module is used for carrying out charge-discharge parameter setting on the high-power battery and carrying out charge-discharge operation on the high-power battery.
And the data acquisition module is used for acquiring parameters in the charging and discharging processes of the high-power battery.
And the analysis module is used for calculating the acquired parameters and analyzing to obtain the charging direct current internal resistance and the discharging direct current internal resistance of the high-power battery.
The recitation of numerical ranges herein includes not only the above-recited numerical values, but also any numerical values between non-recited numerical ranges, and is not intended to be exhaustive or to limit the invention to the precise numerical values encompassed within the range for brevity and clarity.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the battery test method has the advantages that the charge and discharge multiplying power is extended from 1C to 50C, the test multiplying power range is wide, furthermore, the battery is adjusted to the test state again after discharging, the stability of the battery test in the charge and discharge process is kept, the influence of the charge and discharge under large multiplying power on the battery performance is avoided, and the reliability and the stability of the battery test are effectively improved.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a process flow chart of a method for testing the dc internal resistance of a high-power battery provided in embodiments 1 to 3 of the present invention;
fig. 2 is a diagram of dc internal resistance at different discharge rates provided in embodiment 1 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order to better illustrate the present invention and facilitate the understanding of the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below. However, the following examples are only simple examples of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the present invention, which is defined by the claims.
The technical solution of the present invention is further explained by the following embodiments.
In one embodiment, the present invention provides a testing apparatus for testing charging and discharging dc internal resistance of a high power battery, the testing apparatus comprising:
and the charge-discharge module is used for carrying out charge-discharge parameter setting on the high-power battery and carrying out charge-discharge operation on the high-power battery.
And the data acquisition module is used for acquiring parameters in the charging and discharging processes of the high-power battery.
And the analysis module is used for calculating the acquired parameters and analyzing to obtain the charging direct current internal resistance and the discharging direct current internal resistance of the high-power battery.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a method for testing direct current internal resistance of a high-power battery, wherein the high-power battery to be tested is a ternary high-power 5Ah lithium ion battery, as shown in fig. 1, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
selecting a high-power battery according to the relative average deviation of the capacity, the internal resistance and the voltage being less than or equal to 0.2%, carrying out discharge capacity test on the high-power battery circulating for 5 circles at 1 ℃, fully charging at 1 ℃, and standing for 10 min;
discharging at 1C for 30min, discharging the high-power battery to a test state, and standing for 2 h;
respectively carrying out discharge direct current internal resistance tests on the high-power battery at 1C, 5C, 10C, 30C and 50C for 10s, and standing for 5 min;
after the high-power battery is fully charged and placed still again, discharging to a test state, respectively carrying out charging direct current internal resistance tests for 10s at 1C, 5C, 10C, 30C and 50C, and standing for 10 min;
and analyzing the charging direct current internal resistance and the discharging direct current internal resistance according to the capability characteristics of the hybrid power pulse, wherein the discharging direct current internal resistance is shown in the figure 2.
Example 2
The embodiment provides a method for testing direct current internal resistance of a high-power battery, wherein the high-power battery to be tested is a ternary high-power 5Ah lithium ion battery, as shown in fig. 1, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
selecting a high-power battery according to the relative average deviation of the capacity, the internal resistance and the voltage being less than or equal to 0.3 percent, carrying out discharge capacity test on the high-power battery circulating for 5 circles at 2 ℃, fully charging at 2 ℃, and standing for 20 min;
discharging at 2C for 20min, discharging the high-power battery to a test state, and standing for 3 h;
respectively carrying out discharge direct current internal resistance tests on the high-power battery at 1C, 10C, 20C, 30C, 40C and 50C for 10s, and standing for 5 min;
after the high-power battery is fully charged and left standing again, discharging to a test state, respectively carrying out charging direct current internal resistance tests for 10s at 1C, 10C, 20C, 30C, 40C and 50C, and standing for 10 min;
and analyzing the charging direct current internal resistance and the discharging direct current internal resistance according to the hybrid power pulse capacity characteristic.
Example 3
The embodiment provides a method for testing direct current internal resistance of a high-power battery, wherein the high-power battery to be tested is a ternary high-power 5Ah lithium ion battery, as shown in fig. 1, the method specifically comprises the following steps:
selecting a high-power battery according to the relative average deviation of the capacity, the internal resistance and the voltage being less than or equal to 0.1%, carrying out discharge capacity test on the high-power battery circulating for 5 circles at 1 ℃, fully charging at 1 ℃, and standing for 8 min;
discharging at 1C for 25min, discharging the high-power battery to a test state, and standing for 2.5 h;
respectively carrying out discharge direct current internal resistance tests on the high-power battery at 1C, 25C, 35C, 45C and 50C for 10s, and standing for 10 min;
after the high-power battery is fully charged and placed still again, discharging to a test state, respectively carrying out charging direct current internal resistance tests for 10s at 1C, 25C, 35C, 45C and 50C, and standing for 10 min;
and analyzing the charging direct current internal resistance and the discharging direct current internal resistance according to the hybrid power pulse capacity characteristic.
Fig. 2 shows that the high-power battery is different from a general battery recognition rule, the direct-current internal resistance of the battery is reduced along with the increase of the discharge rate of the general battery, the multi-point rate test is carried out in the range of 1-50C by the test method, and the change rule of the direct-current internal resistance of 10s is increased firstly and then reduced and finally tends to be gentle along with the increase of the discharge rate, so that a foundation is provided for the application of the high-power battery.
Through the embodiment, the charging and discharging multiplying power is extended from 1C to 50C, the testing multiplying power range is wide, furthermore, the battery is adjusted to the testing state again after discharging, the stability of the battery testing in the charging and discharging process is kept, the influence of the charging and discharging under large multiplying power on the battery performance is avoided, and the reliability and the stability of the battery testing are effectively improved.
The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method for testing direct current internal resistance of a high-power battery is characterized by comprising the following steps:
selecting high-power batteries with consistent performance, discharging to a test state after full charge, dividing the high-power batteries into at least two groups, and respectively carrying out discharge direct current internal resistance test under the multiplying power of 1-50C;
and discharging the high-power battery to the test state after the high-power battery is fully charged again, and performing charging direct current internal resistance test at the multiplying power of 1-50C after standing.
2. The test method according to claim 1, wherein in the selecting process, the relative average deviation of the performance parameters of the high-power battery is less than or equal to 0.3%, and the performance parameters comprise one or a combination of at least two of capacity, internal resistance and voltage.
3. The test method of claim 1, wherein the selected high-power battery sample is subjected to discharge capacity test, the discharge capacity test has a charge-discharge rate of 0.5-2C, and the number of cycles is 3-10.
4. The test method according to claim 1, wherein in the process of fully charging the high-power battery, the charging rate is 0.5-2C, and the standing time is 5-20 min.
5. The test method according to claim 1, wherein in the process of discharging the high-power battery to the test state, the discharge rate is 0.5-2C, the discharge time is 20-40 min, and the standing time is 1-3 h.
6. The test method according to claim 1, wherein in the discharge direct current internal resistance test, the discharge rate of the high-power battery comprises 1C, 5C, 10C, 30C and 50C respectively, the discharge time is 5-20 s, and the high-power battery is kept still for 3-20 min.
7. The test method according to claim 1, wherein in the charging direct current internal resistance test, the charging multiplying power of the high-power battery comprises 1C, 5C, 10C, 30C and 50C respectively, the charging time is 5-20 s, and the high-power battery is kept still for 3-20 min.
8. The test method according to claim 1, wherein the calculation mode of the discharge direct current internal resistance comprises hybrid power pulse capability characteristic analysis;
the calculation mode of the charging direct current internal resistance comprises hybrid power pulse capacity characteristic analysis.
9. The test method according to claim 1, characterized in that the test method comprises in particular the steps of:
selecting a high-power battery according to the capacity, the internal resistance and the relative average voltage deviation of less than or equal to 0.3%, performing discharge capacity test on the high-power battery for 3-10 circles in a circulating mode at 0.5-2 ℃, fully charging at 0.5-2 ℃, and standing for 5-20 min;
discharging at 0.5-2 ℃ for 20-40 min, discharging the high-power battery to a test state, and standing for 1-3 h;
respectively carrying out discharge direct current internal resistance tests on the high-power battery for 5-20 s at 1C, 5C, 10C, 30C and 50C, and standing for 3-20 min;
after the high-power battery is fully charged and left standing again, discharging to a test state, respectively carrying out charging direct current internal resistance tests for 5-20 s at 1C, 5C, 10C, 30C and 50C, and standing for 3-20 min;
and analyzing the charging direct current internal resistance and the discharging direct current internal resistance according to the hybrid power pulse capacity characteristic.
10. A testing device adopting the testing method for the direct current internal resistance of the high-power battery as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that the testing device comprises:
the charging and discharging module is used for setting charging and discharging parameters of the high-power battery and performing charging and discharging operations on the high-power battery;
the data acquisition module is used for acquiring parameters in the charging and discharging processes of the high-power battery;
and the analysis module is used for calculating the acquired parameters and analyzing to obtain the charging direct current internal resistance and the discharging direct current internal resistance of the high-power battery.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115128489A (en) * | 2022-07-19 | 2022-09-30 | 北京胜能能源科技有限公司 | Method for measuring direct current resistance of high-power battery |
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| CN113109723A (en) * | 2021-03-25 | 2021-07-13 | 广西大学 | Battery internal resistance testing method for same-proportion multi-time-rate mixed pulse power characteristics |
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