CN114105698B - Silicon-containing biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Silicon-containing biological fertilizer and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- CN114105698B CN114105698B CN202010900403.7A CN202010900403A CN114105698B CN 114105698 B CN114105698 B CN 114105698B CN 202010900403 A CN202010900403 A CN 202010900403A CN 114105698 B CN114105698 B CN 114105698B
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- XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N Silicon Chemical compound [Si] XUIMIQQOPSSXEZ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 229910052710 silicon Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 239000010703 silicon Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 122
- 239000003337 fertilizer Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 97
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 12
- BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Orthosilicate Chemical compound [O-][Si]([O-])([O-])[O-] BPQQTUXANYXVAA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 43
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 244000005700 microbiome Species 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000005416 organic matter Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 20
- 241000194105 Paenibacillus polymyxa Species 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 15
- 241000193830 Bacillus <bacterium> Species 0.000 claims abstract description 5
- 241000881860 Paenibacillus mucilaginosus Species 0.000 claims description 28
- 239000007633 bacillus mucilaginosus Substances 0.000 claims description 28
- 235000007164 Oryza sativa Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 235000009566 rice Nutrition 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000008157 edible vegetable oil Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 235000013305 food Nutrition 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000002699 waste material Substances 0.000 claims description 11
- 239000003921 oil Substances 0.000 claims description 9
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 7
- 240000007594 Oryza sativa Species 0.000 claims 1
- 239000002689 soil Substances 0.000 abstract description 42
- 230000012010 growth Effects 0.000 abstract description 14
- 230000001965 increasing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 13
- 230000001737 promoting effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 230000001502 supplementing effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 3
- 239000003895 organic fertilizer Substances 0.000 abstract description 2
- 241000209094 Oryza Species 0.000 description 23
- 238000011282 treatment Methods 0.000 description 22
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 18
- 241000196324 Embryophyta Species 0.000 description 14
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 12
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 11
- 241000894006 Bacteria Species 0.000 description 10
- 230000001976 improved effect Effects 0.000 description 8
- 230000009418 agronomic effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 7
- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 239000003610 charcoal Substances 0.000 description 6
- 230000004720 fertilization Effects 0.000 description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 description 6
- 229910052604 silicate mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 6
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000001902 propagating effect Effects 0.000 description 5
- 230000035558 fertility Effects 0.000 description 4
- 229910052500 inorganic mineral Inorganic materials 0.000 description 4
- 239000011707 mineral Substances 0.000 description 4
- 235000015097 nutrients Nutrition 0.000 description 4
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 4
- 241000220223 Fragaria Species 0.000 description 3
- 235000016623 Fragaria vesca Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 235000011363 Fragaria x ananassa Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 description 3
- 238000011161 development Methods 0.000 description 3
- IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N Atomic nitrogen Chemical compound N#N IJGRMHOSHXDMSA-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 208000035240 Disease Resistance Diseases 0.000 description 2
- 241000238631 Hexapoda Species 0.000 description 2
- 240000004658 Medicago sativa Species 0.000 description 2
- 235000017587 Medicago sativa ssp. sativa Nutrition 0.000 description 2
- 210000004027 cell Anatomy 0.000 description 2
- 238000012272 crop production Methods 0.000 description 2
- 230000018109 developmental process Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000002474 experimental method Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000002366 mineral element Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910052700 potassium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 230000035882 stress Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002195 synergetic effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000002792 vascular Effects 0.000 description 2
- 229930192334 Auxin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 102000004190 Enzymes Human genes 0.000 description 1
- 108090000790 Enzymes Proteins 0.000 description 1
- 229930191978 Gibberellin Natural products 0.000 description 1
- 235000007688 Lycopersicon esculentum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 241001465754 Metazoa Species 0.000 description 1
- ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Potassium Chemical compound [K] ZLMJMSJWJFRBEC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910004283 SiO 4 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 240000003768 Solanum lycopersicum Species 0.000 description 1
- 241001052560 Thallis Species 0.000 description 1
- 235000021307 Triticum Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 244000098338 Triticum aestivum Species 0.000 description 1
- RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N [P].[K] Chemical compound [P].[K] RDXARWSSOJYNLI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000036579 abiotic stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000009471 action Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000003213 activating effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000004913 activation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003570 air Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052782 aluminium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N aluminium Chemical compound [Al] XAGFODPZIPBFFR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910000323 aluminium silicate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910052785 arsenic Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N arsenic atom Chemical compound [As] RQNWIZPPADIBDY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000002363 auxin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000004790 biotic stress Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052793 cadmium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N cadmium atom Chemical compound [Cd] BDOSMKKIYDKNTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000005341 cation exchange Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000002421 cell wall Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 235000013339 cereals Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052729 chemical element Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000084 colloidal system Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008094 contradictory effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N dioxosilane;oxo(oxoalumanyloxy)alumane Chemical compound O=[Si]=O.O=[Al]O[Al]=O HNPSIPDUKPIQMN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000013401 experimental design Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000009313 farming Methods 0.000 description 1
- 210000003608 fece Anatomy 0.000 description 1
- 239000000835 fiber Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000037666 field crops Species 0.000 description 1
- IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N gibberellic acid GA3 Natural products OC(=O)C1C2(C3)CC(=C)C3(O)CCC2C2(C=CC3O)C1C3(C)C(=O)O2 IXORZMNAPKEEDV-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 239000003448 gibberellin Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000004519 grease Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000002650 habitual effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003898 horticulture Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000036039 immunity Effects 0.000 description 1
- SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N indole-3-acetic acid Chemical compound C1=CC=C2C(CC(=O)O)=CNC2=C1 SEOVTRFCIGRIMH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 150000002500 ions Chemical group 0.000 description 1
- 238000003973 irrigation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 244000144972 livestock Species 0.000 description 1
- 239000010871 livestock manure Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004060 metabolic process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008722 morphological abnormality Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052757 nitrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000000618 nitrogen fertilizer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 235000003715 nutritional status Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 150000007524 organic acids Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 150000002894 organic compounds Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052698 phosphorus Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000029553 photosynthesis Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000010672 photosynthesis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000243 photosynthetic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008121 plant development Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000008635 plant growth Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011148 porous material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011591 potassium Substances 0.000 description 1
- 244000144977 poultry Species 0.000 description 1
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002035 prolonged effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011160 research Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicic acid Chemical compound O[Si](O)(O)O RMAQACBXLXPBSY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 235000012239 silicon dioxide Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 239000004016 soil organic matter Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000013589 supplement Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000008093 supporting effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000003971 tillage Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000331 toxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000002588 toxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004073 vulcanization Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05D—INORGANIC FERTILISERS NOT COVERED BY SUBCLASSES C05B, C05C; FERTILISERS PRODUCING CARBON DIOXIDE
- C05D9/00—Other inorganic fertilisers
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C05—FERTILISERS; MANUFACTURE THEREOF
- C05G—MIXTURES OF FERTILISERS COVERED INDIVIDUALLY BY DIFFERENT SUBCLASSES OF CLASS C05; MIXTURES OF ONE OR MORE FERTILISERS WITH MATERIALS NOT HAVING A SPECIFIC FERTILISING ACTIVITY, e.g. PESTICIDES, SOIL-CONDITIONERS, WETTING AGENTS; FERTILISERS CHARACTERISED BY THEIR FORM
- C05G3/00—Mixtures of one or more fertilisers with additives not having a specially fertilising activity
- C05G3/80—Soil conditioners
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P60/00—Technologies relating to agriculture, livestock or agroalimentary industries
- Y02P60/20—Reduction of greenhouse gas [GHG] emissions in agriculture, e.g. CO2
- Y02P60/21—Dinitrogen oxide [N2O], e.g. using aquaponics, hydroponics or efficiency measures
Landscapes
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Organic Chemistry (AREA)
- Pest Control & Pesticides (AREA)
- Soil Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
- Fertilizers (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to a silicon-containing biological fertilizer and a preparation method thereof, wherein the silicon-containing biological fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45 to 89.7 percent of organic silicate source, 5 to 50 percent of biochar and 0.15 to 10 percent of colloidal bacillus powder; the number of effective viable microorganism in the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g; the organic matter content in the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is more than or equal to 40wt%, and the silicon element content is more than or equal to 20wt%; wherein the weight percentage of the bacillus polymyxa is 0.15 to 10 percent; the organic fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer for crops, and has multiple functions of improving soil organic matters, improving soil micro-ecological environment, supplementing soil silicon elements, promoting crop growth, increasing yield and the like.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of fertilizers, in particular to a silicon-containing biological fertilizer and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The soil is composed of various granular mineral substances, organic substances, water, air, microorganisms and the like, and can grow plants. The three substances of mineral substances, organic substances and microorganisms in the soil form a contradictory unity. They are interconnected and restricted to provide necessary living conditions for crops, and are the material basis of soil fertility. The soil organic matter refers to various animal and plant residues dead at different decomposition stages in soil, and also can be said to be carbon-containing organic compounds existing in various forms in the soil, which are important components of the soil and are important indexes for measuring the soil fertility and fertility.
Soil microorganisms are subjected to oxidation, nitrification, ammoniation, nitrogen fixation, vulcanization and other processes in soil, so that decomposition of soil organic matters and conversion of nutrients are promoted.
Silicon is one of the most abundant mineral elements in earth crust and soil, and is a chemical element necessary for plants to resist stress and regulate the interrelationship between plants and other organisms. The main form of silicon uptake by plants is silicic acid (H) dissolved in soil 4 SiO 4 ). Silicon plays an important role in crop production: the product has lodging resistance, disease resistance and insect resistance enhancement, and can inhibit the absorption of toxic metal elements such as aluminum, cadmium, arsenic and the like; increase cell wall thickness, increase hardness of plant stem, improve leaf morphology, enhance photosynthesis, influence crop fiber quality, influence absorption and transportation of certain mineral elements, and other physiological effectsFunction, increase the resistance of plants to abiotic and biotic stress.
If the supply of silicon is stopped, the plant will show morphological abnormalities. Silicon is not an essential element for most higher plants, however, numerous experiments have shown that silicon is beneficial to plant growth and development and can be referred to as a "quasi-essential" element.
Silicon plays an important role in the growth and development of many plants, especially in crops such as wheat and rice. Wang Yaojing et al [ Wang Yaojing, liu Mingda, li Dong, shi Guifei effects on strawberry light and characteristics and yield [ J ]. Northern horticulture, 2009 (12): 90-92.] found that application of silicon can enhance strawberry leaf photosynthetic capacity, significantly improving strawberry yield. Tian Fu is equal [ Tian Fuping, zhang Zi and Chen Zixuan, etc.. The influence of silicon on the early growth and development of alfalfa [ J ]. Grassland and lawn, 2005 (1): 34-37 ] found that the application of silicon has an obvious promotion effect on the growth of alfalfa seedlings, so that the growth period is advanced.
The research on the influence of the silicon fertilizer on crops, such as tomatoes and the like, mainly focuses on the influence of the silicon fertilizer on the yield of the crops, and reports on the influence of the silicon fertilizer on the change of the soil ecological environment, the quality of the crops and the utilization rate of the fertilizer are few.
The existence of the organic matters provides a carbon source for the growth of microorganisms, the propagation of the microorganisms can activate silicon elements in the soil, the microorganisms and the silicon elements are mutually promoted, and how the microorganisms, the organic matters and the silicon elements are balanced in the soil also determines the foundation of the soil fertility.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problem of influence of silicon fertilizer on crops and soil, a silicon-containing biological fertilizer and a preparation method thereof are provided. The silicon-containing biological fertilizer has multiple functions of improving soil organic matters, improving soil micro-ecological environment, repairing polluted soil, supplementing soil silicon elements, promoting crop growth and the like.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the silicon-containing biological fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 45 to 89.7 percent of organic silicate source, 5 to 50 percent of biochar and 0.15 to 10 percent of colloidal bacillus powder;
the number of effective viable microorganism in the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g;
the organic matter content of the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is more than or equal to 40wt%, and the silicon element content of the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is more than or equal to 20wt%.
The organosilicate in the silicon-containing bio-fertilizer product not only contains organic matters, but also contains silicon elements, the organic matter content of the product is more than or equal to 40wt%, and the silicon element content of the product is more than or equal to 20wt% only by adopting the organosilicate, the silicon elements in the product are released by the Bacillus mucilaginosus acting on the organosilicate, and other silicon sources are not required to be additionally added to supplement the silicon elements in the fertilizer, so that the product cost is increased.
Further, the silicon-containing biological fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 70 to 89.7 percent of organic silicate source, 8 to 20 percent of biochar and 0.15 to 10 percent of bacillus mucilaginosus powder;
the organic matter content of the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is more than or equal to 40wt%, and the silicon element content of the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is more than or equal to 30wt%.
Further, the silicon-containing biological fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 75-89% of organic silicate source, 8-18% of biochar and 1-7% of bacillus mucilaginosus powder;
the organic matter content in the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is more than or equal to 40wt%, and the silicon element content is 30-40 wt%.
Further, the silicon-containing biological fertilizer also comprises 0.15 to 10 weight percent of paenibacillus polymyxa.
Further, the organic silicate source is from oil residue waste generated after edible oil plants or other food processing enterprises produce edible oil or food.
And further, the silicon element content of the silicate in the oil residue waste is more than 45wt%.
Furthermore, the effective viable count of the bacillus mucilaginosus powder is more than or equal to 100 hundred million/g. The bacillus mucilaginosus is also called as silicate bacteria, and has auxin substances and gibberellin substances, and the substances can increase roots and strengthen seedlings of crops under the combined action, promote the growth of the crops and enhance the stress resistance of the plants; in addition, the bacteria grow and propagate in soil, a large amount of organic acid and enzyme are generated in the metabolic process of the bacteria, insoluble mineral substances such as metasilicate and the like in the soil are decomposed, mineral substances such as insoluble aluminosilicate and the like are decomposed, K, P, si, mg, zn and the like are released in an ion form, so that crops can absorb and utilize elements such as silicon and the like from the soil by root systems, wax layers of the crops are thickened, and the nonspecific immunity and the water retention capacity of the crops can be improved.
Further, the specific surface area of the biochar is more than or equal to 100m 2 (ii) in terms of/g. The biochar with high specific surface area is selected because the biochar with high specific surface area has more pore structures, so that the cation exchange capacity of soil can be increased, the capability of the soil for adsorbing organic matters is further improved, the content of the organic matters in the soil is further improved, and the effect of increasing the fertilizer is achieved.
Further, the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer for crops.
The invention also provides a preparation method of the silicon-containing biological fertilizer, which comprises the following steps: mixing an organic silicate source, biochar and bacillus mucilaginosus powder according to a ratio, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5-7 and the water content to 12-20 wt% to obtain a silicon-containing biological fertilizer, wherein the effective viable count of microorganisms in the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, the organic matter content is more than or equal to 40wt%, and the silicon element content is more than or equal to 20wt%; and (3) stacking after subpackaging, keeping the stacking environment at the temperature of 20-30 ℃, and at the temperature, growing and propagating bacillus mucilaginosus serving as silicate bacteria in each subpackaging bag to effectively activate and decompose silicate mineral substances in the organic silicate source, and leaving the factory after stacking for 7-15 days.
The beneficial technical effects are as follows:
1. the organic silicate source in the invention is from waste materials generated after edible oil plants or other food processing enterprises produce edible oil or food, is not only the organic matter base material in the biological fertilizer but also the silicon-containing raw material, and can enable the obtained silicon-containing fertilizer to meet the standard of the biological fertilizer only by adopting the organic silicate source.
2. The silicon-containing biological fertilizer has the organic matter content of more than or equal to 40wt% and the silicon element content of more than or equal to 20wt%, and the added bacillus mucilaginosus can effectively release elements such as silicon, potassium and the like in an organic silicate source, has obvious activation and decomposition effects on silicate minerals, is more beneficial to being utilized by thalli and crops per se, and promotes effective substances to be absorbed by the crops; and the paenibacillus polymyxa can be properly added, a biological film can be formed in the root tip of the crop in a field planting manner, the biological film is accumulated in the space outside the root vascular column, the generated biological film can greatly accelerate the crop to absorb nutrient substances released by the bacillus mucilaginosus, the fertilizer efficiency of the fertilizer is improved, and the two biological films play a synergistic role.
3. The silicate raw material and the Bacillus mucilaginosus have mutual synergistic effect, and act on soil and crops together, thereby being beneficial to improving the soil micro-ecological environment and being beneficial to the growth of the crops.
4. The silicate raw material in the invention is waste material generated after edible oil or food is produced by edible oil factories or other food processing enterprises, the content of grease in the waste material is high, the humidity of the product is high, the product is easy to agglomerate due to stacking, the porosity of the product can be increased, the product plays a role in supporting, oil residue is prevented from agglomerating, the spores of colloid can be adsorbed by the vascular bundle structure of the biochar, the spores are protected, the quality guarantee period of the strains is prolonged, and the strains can be rapidly released under the condition of good conditions in all aspects such as soil, so that microorganisms can play a role.
5. The silicon-containing biofertilizer product has multiple functions of improving soil organic matters, improving soil micro-ecological environment, repairing polluted soil, supplementing soil silicon elements, promoting crop growth, increasing yield and the like.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. The following description of at least one exemplary embodiment is merely illustrative in nature and is in no way intended to limit the invention, its application, or uses. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Unless specifically stated otherwise, the numerical values set forth in these examples do not limit the scope of the invention. Techniques, methods known to those of ordinary skill in the relevant art may not be discussed in detail, but are intended to be part of the specification where appropriate. In all examples shown and discussed herein, any particular value should be construed as merely illustrative, and not limiting. Thus, other examples of the exemplary embodiments may have different values.
Wherein the used Bacillus mucilaginosus powder (the number of effective viable bacteria is more than 100 hundred million/g) and Paenibacillus polymyxa powder (the number of effective viable bacteria is more than 50 hundred million/g) are obtained from Jiang Menshi Jinyang Biotechnology Co. The biochar is obtained from Longyou Shao Shangwu regenerated resource ministry, and the organic matter content in the biochar is 65wt%. The organic silicate source is from Liangyou grease Co., ltd, tan zone, changzhou city, and the content of silicon element in silicate in the oil residue waste is measured to be 45wt% for the oil residue waste generated after the production of edible oil or food.
Example 1
The silicon-containing biological fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
70% of organic silicate source, 20% of charcoal and 10% of Bacillus mucilaginosus powder; the silicon-containing biological fertilizer contains 5 hundred million effective viable microorganisms/gram, 44.5 percent of organic matter and 31.5 percent of silicon element.
Wherein the specific surface area of the biochar is more than or equal to 100m 2 /g。
The preparation method of the silicon-containing biological fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing an organic silicate source, biochar and bacillus mucilaginosus powder according to the proportion, adjusting the pH value to be 6 and the water content to be 12wt% to obtain a silicon-containing biological fertilizer, wherein the effective viable count of microorganisms in the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, the organic matter content is more than or equal to 40wt%, and the silicon element content is more than or equal to 20wt%; and (3) stacking after subpackaging, keeping the stacking environment at 25 ℃, and at the temperature, growing and propagating bacillus mucilaginosus serving as silicate bacteria in each subpackaging bag to effectively activate and decompose silicate mineral substances in the organic silicate source, and leaving the factory after stacking for 7-15 days.
Example 2
The silicon-containing biological fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
79% of organic silicate source, 10% of charcoal, 10% of Bacillus mucilaginosus powder and 1% of Paenibacillus polymyxa powder; the effective viable count of microorganisms in the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is 5.5 hundred million/g; 42 percent of organic matter and 35.5 percent of silicon element.
Wherein the specific surface area of the biochar is more than or equal to 100m 2 /g。
The preparation method of the silicon-containing biological fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing an organic silicate source, biochar, colloidal bacillus powder and paenibacillus polymyxa powder according to the proportion, and adjusting the pH value to be 7 and the water content to be 20wt% to obtain a silicon-containing biological fertilizer, wherein the effective viable count of microorganisms in the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, the organic matter content is more than or equal to 40wt%, and the silicon element content is more than or equal to 20wt%; and (3) stacking after subpackaging, keeping the stacking environment at 25 ℃, and at the temperature, growing and propagating bacillus mucilaginosus serving as silicate bacteria in each subpackaging bag to effectively activate and decompose silicate mineral substances in the organic silicate source, and leaving the factory after stacking for 7-15 days.
Example 3
The silicon-containing biological fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
89% of organic silicate source, 10% of charcoal and 1% of Bacillus mucilaginosus powder; the number of effective viable microorganism in the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is 1 hundred million/g, the content of organic matters is 46.5 percent, and the content of silicon element is 40 percent.
Wherein the specific surface area of the biochar is more than or equal to 100m 2 /g。
The preparation method of the silicon-containing biological fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing an organic silicate source, biochar and bacillus mucilaginosus powder according to the proportion, and adjusting the pH value to be 5.5 and the water content to be 15wt% to obtain the silicon-containing biofertilizer, wherein the effective viable count of microorganisms in the silicon-containing biofertilizer is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, the organic matter content is more than or equal to 40wt%, and the silicon element content is more than or equal to 20wt%; and (3) stacking after subpackaging, keeping the stacking environment at 25 ℃, and at the temperature, growing and propagating bacillus mucilaginosus serving as silicate bacteria in each subpackaging bag to effectively activate and decompose silicate mineral substances in the organic silicate source, and leaving the factory after stacking for 7-15 days.
Example 4
The silicon-containing biological fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
80% of organic silicate source, 13% of charcoal, 5% of Bacillus mucilaginosus powder and 2% of Paenibacillus polymyxa powder; the silicon-containing biological fertilizer contains 3 hundred million effective viable microorganisms/gram, 44.45 percent of organic matter and 36 percent of silicon element.
Wherein the specific surface area of the biochar is more than or equal to 100m 2 /g。
The preparation method of the silicon-containing biological fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing an organic silicate source, biochar, colloidal bacillus powder and paenibacillus polymyxa powder according to the proportion, and adjusting the pH value to be 6.5 and the moisture content to be 16wt% to obtain a silicon-containing biological fertilizer, wherein the effective viable count of microorganisms in the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g, the organic matter content is more than or equal to 40wt%, and the silicon element content is more than or equal to 20wt%; and (3) stacking after subpackaging, keeping the stacking environment temperature at 23 ℃, and under the temperature, growing and propagating the bacillus mucilaginosus serving as silicate bacteria in each subpackaging bag to effectively activate and decompose silicate mineral substances in the organic silicate source, and stacking for 7-15 days before leaving the factory.
Example 5
The silicon-containing biological fertilizer comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight:
78% of organic silicate source, 16% of charcoal and 6% of Bacillus mucilaginosus powder; the effective viable count of microorganisms in the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is 2.5 hundred million/g, the content of organic matters is 45.4 percent, and the content of silicon element is 35 percent.
Wherein the specific surface area of the biochar is more than or equal to 100m 2 /g。
The preparation method of the silicon-containing bio-fertilizer of this example is the same as that of example 4.
Comparative example 1
This comparative example is identical to example 5, except that no Bacillus mucilaginosus powder is added and only Paenibacillus polymyxa is present.
Comparative example 2
The composition of the silicon-containing fertilizer of this comparative example was: 40% of organic silicate source, 54% of charcoal and 6% of Bacillus mucilaginosus powder; wherein the organic silicate source salt source is oil residue waste generated after edible oil or food is produced by an edible oil factory or other food processing enterprises, and the silicate content in the oil residue waste is more than or equal to 45 percent; the silicon-containing fertilizer contains 53.75% of organic matter and 18% of silicon element.
Example 6
The fertilizers of the above examples and comparative examples were applied as base fertilizers to soil with or without tillage.
1. Test time, place: the soil texture is the submerged rice soil, and the soil nutrient status is shown in table 1 in 2018, which is carried out by Chongming Xu farming science and technology Limited (Dongfeng highway 505 in the New river reclamation area of Dongfeng farm) in Shanghai city from 3 months to 11 months.
TABLE 1 physicochemical Properties of the soil tested
2. Test work: rice, variety: show water 134.
3. Fertilizer to be tested: is a biological fertilizer produced by Hailangle biological technology limited company.
4. And (3) experimental design:
the experiment was set up with five treatments, cell area 20m 2 The method comprises the following steps of, single-row and single-irrigation of a cell, and random block arrangement, wherein the treatment comprises the following steps:
and (3) treatment A: base fertilizer: example 4 fertilizer, 200 kg/acre;
and (B) treatment: base fertilizer: example 5 fertilizer, 200 kg/acre;
and (C) treatment: base fertilizer: comparative example 1 fertilizer, 200 kg/acre;
and D, processing: base fertilizer: comparative example 2 fertilizer, 200 kg/acre;
and E, processing: habitual fertilization, base fertilizer: 600 kg/mu of organic fertilizer taking livestock and poultry manure as a main raw material;
topdressing: the total dosage of the nitrogen fertilizer is 21 kg/mu, the base fertilizer, the tillering fertilizer and the spike fertilizer are applied for 3 times, the phosphorus-potassium fertilizer is used as the base fertilizer for one time, and the dosage is P 2 O 5 4 kg/mu, K 2 O6 kg/mu, the same treatment.
5. Test results
(1) The effect of different fertilization treatments on the agronomic traits of rice is shown in Table 2.
TABLE 2 Effect of different treatments on important agronomic traits of Rice
By investigating important agronomic traits of rice, it can be seen from table 2 that:
after the silicon-containing biofertilizers of the treatment A and the treatment B of the example 4 and the example 5 are applied, the agronomic characters of rice are obviously improved, and the plant height is increased compared with that of the conventional fertilization treatment, wherein the treatment A is increased by 13.1 per square meter of spike, the spike grain number is increased by 9.9, and the thousand seed weight is increased by 10.48%.
The agricultural character of the rice planted by the bacillus polymyxa is not greatly different from that of the rice planted by the bacillus polymyxa in the conventional fertilization method of the treatment E without adding the bacillus mucilaginosus, which indicates that the bacillus polymyxa does not activate and decompose the organosilicate, so that the silicate in the raw materials cannot be released and the silicon dosage of at least 20wt% required by the growth of rice crops can not be achieved.
The silicon content in the silicon-containing biological fertilizer treated by the method D is 18wt%, and the silicon content is below 20wt% so as not to obviously improve the agronomic characters of the rice, but the silicon content in the treatment A and the treatment B of the invention is more than 35wt%, so that the agronomic characters of the rice can be obviously improved.
According to the invention, the silicon-containing biological fertilizer taking the treatment A as the base fertilizer is added with the bacillus mucilaginosus capable of effectively decomposing and activating the organic silicate and the bacillus polymyxa, so that the absorption of nutrient substances by rice can be greatly accelerated, the fertilizer efficiency of the fertilizer is improved, the nutrients required by the growth of the rice are comprehensively provided, the growth of the rice is promoted, and rice plants are more robust.
(2) The effect of different fertilization treatments on rice yield, the results are shown in tables 3 and 4.
As can be seen from Table 3, the yield of both treatment A and treatment B was increased by 8.25% and 6.24% respectively, as compared with the conventional fertilization treatment E. By using the silicon-containing biological fertilizer with the organic matter content of more than 40wt% and the silicon content of more than 30wt%, the yield increasing effect is better, and the level with obvious difference is achieved.
TABLE 3 Effect of different treatments on Rice plot yield
TABLE 4 Effect of different treatments on Rice hectare yield
6. Small knot
The rice test result of the Chongming Dongfeng farm shows that the application of the silicon-containing biological fertilizer with the organic matter content of more than 40wt% and the silicon content of more than 30wt% can improve the agronomic characters of rice, increase the ear number, the ear number and the thousand kernel weight of the rice, effectively promote the growth of the rice, have better yield increasing effect, and can be popularized and applied to field crops. The silicon element plays an important role in crop production, and when the silicon content in the biological fertilizer reaches more than 30wt%, the hardness of crop stalks can be obviously improved, an obvious lodging resistance effect is achieved, the disease resistance and insect resistance of crops are obviously enhanced, and finally the effect of yield increase is achieved.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (3)
1. The silicon-containing biological fertilizer is characterized by comprising the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 75-89% of organic silicate source, 8-18% of biochar and 5-7% of bacillus mucilaginosus powder; the silicon-containing biological fertilizer also comprises 0.15 to 10 weight percent of paenibacillus polymyxa;
the organic silicate source is from oil residue waste generated after edible oil or food is produced by an edible oil factory or other food processing enterprises; the silicon element content of the silicate in the oil residue waste is more than 45 wt%;
the number of effective viable microorganism in the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is more than or equal to 0.2 hundred million/g;
the organic matter content in the silicon-containing biological fertilizer is more than or equal to 40wt%, and the silicon element content is 30-40 wt%.
The silicon-containing biological fertilizer is used as a base fertilizer for rice;
the preparation method of the silicon-containing biological fertilizer comprises the following steps: mixing an organic silicate source, biochar, colloidal bacillus powder and paenibacillus polymyxa according to a ratio, and adjusting the pH value to 5.5-7 and the water content to 12-20 wt% to obtain a silicon-containing biological fertilizer; and (4) subpackaging and stacking, keeping the stacking environment temperature at 20-25 ℃, and leaving the factory after 7-15 days of stacking.
2. The silicon-containing biofertilizer of claim 1, wherein the effective viable count of the Bacillus mucilaginosus powder is not less than 100 hundred million/g.
3. The silicon-containing biofertilizer according to claim 1, wherein the specific surface area of the biochar is not less than 100m 2 /g。
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