CN114087895A

CN114087895A - Tube heat exchanger structure

Info

Publication number: CN114087895A
Application number: CN202111625802.8A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 孙道明
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-12-29
Filing date: 2021-12-29
Publication date: 2022-02-25

Abstract

The invention relates to a tubular heat exchanger structure which is characterized by comprising a heat exchange tube and a heat exchange tube assembly formed by stacking a plurality of heat exchange tubes, wherein the heat exchange tube is wavy, a plurality of heat exchange tubes are tiled into one layer and stacked in multiple layers to form the heat exchange tube assembly, a space is arranged between the heat exchange tubes in the same layer, the projections of wave crests and wave troughs of the corresponding heat exchange tubes which are adjacent up and down are mutually staggered, and the heat exchange tube assembly is provided with dense tube side flow channels, tube side flow channel air inlets and tube side flow channel air outlets which are communicated with the tube side flow channels. The heat exchanger is suitable for heat exchange of high-temperature and harmful gas, and has the advantages of high heat exchange efficiency, low wind resistance, good sealing property and the like.

Description

Tubular heat exchanger structure

Technical Field

The invention relates to a heat exchanger, in particular to a high-performance tube nest gas heat exchanger, and belongs to the technical field of energy conservation.

Background

The tube type heat exchanger is widely applied to gas heat exchange, and two paths of gas needing heat exchange respectively flow oppositely from a shell pass flow channel and a tube pass flow channel and exchange heat through a tube wall. In the traditional technology, a tubular heat exchanger which is applied to gas phase heat exchange and comprises a Chinese patent 'a novel tubular heat exchanger (CN201710279826. X)' adopts straight heat exchange tubes, the disturbance of the airflow of a tube pass flow channel in a linear motion is insufficient, so that the gas and the wall of the heat exchange tube are influenced to carry out sufficient heat exchange, and a guide plate arranged in a shell pass flow channel forms a gas flow dead angle in a leeward area of the guide plate, so that the heat exchange efficiency is also reduced. Moreover, the arrangement of a plurality of guide plates can increase the wind resistance of the shell pass flow channel, particularly, the wind resistance can be greatly increased when positive pressure is adopted to drive airflow, at the moment, a high-pressure blower must be adopted to finally increase the internal pressure of the heat exchanger, the structural thermal deformation can increase the sealing difficulty of the heat exchanger under the high-temperature working condition, the sealing performance has strict requirements on the heat exchange of high-temperature high-pressure and harmful gas, and the consequences are very serious once leakage occurs.

The conventional tubular heat exchanger has the problems, so that the application of the tubular heat exchanger in many fields is limited.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provide a tubular heat exchanger structure which is suitable for heat exchange of high temperature and harmful gas and has high heat exchange efficiency, low wind resistance and good sealing property.

In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is realized as follows: the heat exchange tube assembly is characterized by comprising a heat exchange tube and a heat exchange tube assembly formed by stacking a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the heat exchange tube is wavy in shape, a plurality of heat exchange tubes are tiled into one layer and stacked into a plurality of layers to form the heat exchange tube assembly, a space is reserved between the heat exchange tubes on the same layer, the projections of the wave crests and the wave troughs of the corresponding heat exchange tubes which are adjacent from top to bottom are staggered mutually, and the heat exchange tube assembly is provided with dense tube side flow channels, tube side flow channel air inlets communicated with the tube side flow channels and tube side flow channel air outlets.

In the technical scheme, the heat exchange tube assembly is positioned in the shell, so that the gas of the tube pass flow channel in the heat exchange tube assembly and the gas of the shell pass flow channel exchange heat, and the tube pass flow channel air inlet and the tube pass flow channel air outlet of the heat exchange tube assembly respectively penetrate through the two sealing walls.

In the technical scheme, the heat exchange tube assembly is positioned in the shell, so that gas in the tube pass flow channel of the heat exchange tube assembly exchanges heat with gas in the shell pass flow channel, a tube pass flow channel air outlet of the heat exchange tube assembly penetrates through the sealing wall, the shell pass flow channel air outlet and a tube pass flow channel air inlet of the heat exchange tube assembly are positioned in an inner cavity of the heat exchanger shell, the inner cavity can be used as a hearth, and the hearth is communicated with the tube pass flow channel and the shell pass flow channel.

In the technical scheme, the heat exchange tubes can be of the same specification, and the positions of the wave crests and the wave troughs of the adjacent upper and lower heat exchange tubes can be exchanged in a positive and negative placing mode, so that the projections of the wave crests and the wave troughs of the adjacent upper and lower layers of heat exchange tubes are staggered.

In the technical scheme, the heat exchange tube is wavy, and the head and the tail of the heat exchange tube can be straight tubes.

In this technical scheme, still include and separate into many crossbeams of two sets of or multiunit with the heat exchange tube assembly in range upon range of direction, the crossbeam bearing its top correspond partial heat exchange tube assembly, the crossbeam and the heat exchange tube contactless of below, the crossbeam both ends pass through the support of casing both sides wall body, form two or more independent bearing from this and pile up the interval.

In the technical scheme, the cross beam can be made of high-strength high-temperature-resistant ceramic materials such as silicon carbide, zirconia or corundum.

In the technical scheme, the sealing wall completely seals and separates the tube pass runner and the shell pass runner, and also seals and separates the shell pass runner and the outer space of the shell, and the sealing wall is formed by pouring refractory castable.

In the technical scheme, the heat exchange tubes are all parallel and level end to end when placed.

In the technical scheme, the heat exchange tube is made of ceramic or quartz glass materials.

In the technical scheme, the shell is provided with a refractory material and a heat insulation material.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the advantages that: the heat exchange tube assembly formed by stacking the dense wavy heat exchange tubes greatly increases the disturbance of the shell pass flow channel and the tube pass flow channel airflow, and can greatly improve the heat exchange efficiency of the heat exchanger; the wave-shaped heat exchange tube assembly enables the shell pass flow channel and the tube pass flow channel to form a good arc-shaped flow-around airflow path, the resistance of the arc-shaped airflow channel is smaller than that of a traditional flow guide plate perpendicular to the airflow direction of the shell pass flow channel, a communicated three-dimensional net-shaped structure is formed inside the shell pass flow channel, so that a heat exchange dead angle area is greatly reduced, and the traditional heat exchanger shell pass flow channel cannot avoid the formation of the heat exchange dead angle area on the leeward side of the flow guide plate due to the arrangement of the flow guide plate. The arc-shaped flow path of the shell pass flow channel in the heat exchanger can greatly reduce the pressure of the fan driven by the airflow, and has the advantages of reducing gas leakage easily caused by overhigh internal pressure of the shell and saving power consumption of the fan; when the length-diameter ratio of the heat exchange tube is larger, the heat exchange tube has very small elasticity in the radial direction, when two ends are used for pouring and sealing, if a straight tube is used, large temperature change is generated, and when the heat exchange tube and the shell have different thermal expansion rates, the heat exchange tube can generate pushing or pulling stress on the sealing walls at the two ends, so that the sealing walls are easily damaged; the wavy heat exchange tubes are simply stacked during construction, particularly, a heat exchanger with a longer size is manufactured, dense supports are not needed to be adopted to make the heat exchange tubes overhead to form a shell pass flow channel, the space occupied by the supports on the shell pass flow channel is reduced, production and processing are simpler and faster, and material cost is saved.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the shape of a heat exchange tube;

FIG. 2 is a schematic top view of an Nth layer of the heat exchange tubes of the first embodiment;

FIG. 3 is a schematic top view of a tiled structure of the (N + 1) th layer of the heat exchange tube of the first embodiment;

FIG. 4 is a schematic top view of the heat exchange tube assembly according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 5 is a schematic top view of a tubular heat exchanger according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 6 is a left side view schematically illustrating a tubular heat exchanger according to a first embodiment;

FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of air inlet and outlet of the tube heat exchanger according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 8 is a schematic view of another air inlet and outlet of the tubular heat exchanger according to the first embodiment;

FIG. 9 is a schematic top view of the structure of the second embodiment;

FIG. 10 is a schematic view of air inlet and outlet in the second embodiment;

FIG. 11 is a schematic sectional view showing the structure of the third embodiment;

FIG. 12 is a schematic top view of an Nth-layer tiled structure of a heat exchange tube of the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 13 is a schematic top view of an (N + 1) th layer of a heat exchange tube of the fourth embodiment;

FIG. 14 is a schematic top view of a heat exchange tube assembly according to a fourth embodiment;

FIG. 15 is a schematic three-dimensional view of the heat exchange tube assembly of the first and second embodiments;

fig. 16 is a three-dimensional schematic view of a heat exchange tube assembly of a fourth embodiment.

Detailed Description

The following further describes embodiments of the present invention with reference to the drawings. It should be noted that the description of the embodiments is provided to help understanding of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. In addition, the technical features involved in the embodiments of the present invention described below may be combined with each other as long as they do not conflict with each other.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

In the description of the present invention, the terms "top", "bottom", "left" and "right" etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on those shown in the drawings, and are only for convenience of describing the present invention but do not require that the present invention must be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the present invention.

Example one

As shown in fig. 1 to 8 and 15, the tubular heat exchanger structure comprises a heat exchange tube 1 and a heat exchange tube assembly formed by stacking a plurality of heat exchange tubes, wherein the heat exchange tube 1 is wavy, a plurality of heat exchange tubes 1 are tiled into one layer and stacked in multiple layers to form the heat exchange tube assembly, a space 12 is arranged between the heat exchange tubes 1 on the same layer, the projections of the wave crests 15 and the wave troughs 16 of the adjacent heat exchange tubes 1 are staggered, and the heat exchange tube assembly is provided with dense tube side flow channels 10, tube side flow channel air inlets 13 communicated with the tube side flow channels 10 and tube side flow channel air outlets 14.

During assembly, the heat exchange tubes 1 on the same layer are arranged in parallel and the projections of the wave crests 15 and the wave troughs 16 of the corresponding heat exchange tubes 1 adjacent up and down are staggered.

In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube assembly further includes a housing 2 and sealing walls 3 disposed on two sides of the housing 2, a shell-side flow passage 20, a shell-side flow passage air inlet 21 communicated with the shell-side flow passage 20, and a shell-side flow passage air outlet 22 are disposed in the housing 2, so that the gas in the tube-side flow passage 10 of the heat exchange tube assembly exchanges heat with the gas in the shell-side flow passage 20, and the tube-side flow passage air inlet 13 and the tube-side flow passage air outlet 14 of the heat exchange tube assembly respectively penetrate through the two sealing walls 3.

In this embodiment, the heat exchange tubes 1 may be of the same specification, and the positions of the wave crests 15 and the wave troughs 16 of the adjacent upper and lower heat exchange tubes 1 can be exchanged in a positive and negative placing mode, so that the projections of the wave crests 15 and the wave troughs 16 of the adjacent upper and lower layers of heat exchange tubes 1 are staggered.

In this embodiment, the heat exchange tube 1 is in a wave shape, and the head and the tail of the heat exchange tube 1 can be straight tubes.

In this embodiment, the sealing wall 3 completely seals and separates the tube-side flow passage 10 from the shell-side flow passage 20, and also seals and separates the shell-side flow passage 20 from the space outside the shell, and the sealing wall 3 is formed by pouring a refractory castable.

In this embodiment, the heat exchange tubes 1 are all aligned end to end when placed.

In the present embodiment, the heat exchange tube 1 is made of a ceramic or quartz glass material.

In the present embodiment, a refractory material and a heat insulating material are provided on the housing 2.

In the first embodiment, two paths of air flows with different temperatures are subjected to non-contact heat exchange, the first path of air flow enters from the shell-side flow passage air inlet 21 and flows out from the shell-side flow passage air outlet 22 after passing through the shell-side flow passage, and the second path of air flow enters from the tube-side flow passage air inlet 13 and flows out from the tube-side flow passage air outlet 14 after passing through the tube-side flow passage 10. In order to increase the bypass flow under the common conditions, the phenomenon that the air flow has a short path to reduce the heat exchange efficiency is avoided, and the damage of high-temperature gas to a fan is also avoided, the driving mode of the shell pass flow air flow can adopt the mode of sending low-temperature gas into the shell pass flow air inlet 21 by the fan, the first path of air flow flows towards the shell pass flow air outlet 22 through the space of the four-way eight-reach inside the heat exchange tube assembly after being sent into the shell pass flow air inlet 21, the air flow runs according to the intensive arc-shaped flow channel formed by the wavy heat exchange tubes, and the shell pass flow air flow is fully disturbed to reduce certain areas to form heat exchange dead zones. Similarly, the air flow bypassing effect is greatly improved in the tube pass flow channel 10, and it is difficult to design a flow guide structure in a tube because the diameter of the tube hole of a straight tube adopted by the traditional tube heat exchanger is too small and the problems of wind resistance and manufacturing difficulty are considered, the air flow path of the tube pass flow channel is a straight line, because the air flow in the tube is not disturbed, the gas flowing by the inner wall of the tube can obtain a better heat exchange effect, and the heat exchange effect of the part of the gas which is not contacted with the tube wall in the center of the tube is poor. When the heat exchange tube is wavy, the tube pass flow channel 10 is in a serpentine path, and gas flowing in the tube is fully disturbed by continuously changing the forward direction, so that all the gas in the tube pass flow channel uniformly contacts the wall of the heat exchange tube to obtain a good heat exchange effect. The shell pass flow channel and the tube pass flow channel of the heat exchanger are changed, so that the reduction of airflow resistance and the great improvement of heat exchange efficiency are realized.

The embodiment is more convenient in construction, especially, the tube pass flow channel 10 and the shell pass flow channel 20 of the high-temperature heat exchanger are required to have enough length, so that the structure safety of the heat exchange tube 1 with large span can be guaranteed only by arranging a plurality of supporting points, the heat exchange tube 1 in the embodiment only needs to be tiled and stacked, and supports are not required to be independently arranged on each heat exchange tube.

In the interior of the tubular heat exchanger, the flow channel in the heat exchange tube 1 is called a tube side flow channel 10, and the flow channel in the space outside the heat exchange tube 1 is called a shell side flow channel 20.

Example two

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, 6, 9, 10 and 15, the tubular heat exchanger structure comprises a heat exchange tube 1 and a heat exchange tube assembly formed by stacking a plurality of heat exchange tubes, wherein the heat exchange tube 1 is wavy, a plurality of heat exchange tubes 1 are tiled into one layer and stacked in multiple layers to form the heat exchange tube assembly, a space 12 is arranged between the heat exchange tubes 1 in the same layer, projections of wave crests 15 and wave troughs 16 of the vertically adjacent corresponding heat exchange tubes 1 are staggered, and the heat exchange tube assembly is provided with dense tube pass flow channels 10, tube pass flow channel air inlets 13 communicated with the tube pass flow channels 10 and tube pass flow channel air outlets 14.

In this embodiment, the heat exchanger further includes a housing 2 and a sealing wall 3 disposed on the left side of the housing 2, a shell-side flow channel 20, a shell-side flow channel air inlet 21 communicated with the shell-side flow channel 20, and a shell-side flow channel air outlet 22 are disposed in the housing 2, the heat exchanger tube assembly is disposed in the housing 2, so that the gas in the tube-side flow channel 10 of the heat exchanger tube assembly exchanges heat with the gas in the shell-side flow channel 20, the tube-side flow channel air outlet 14 of the heat exchanger tube assembly penetrates through the sealing wall 3, the shell-side flow channel air outlet 22 and the tube-side flow channel air inlet 13 of the heat exchanger tube assembly are disposed in an inner cavity 5 of the housing 2, the inner cavity can be used as a hearth, and the hearth is communicated with the tube-side flow channel 10 and the shell-side flow channel 20.

In the present embodiment, a refractory material and a heat insulating material are provided on the casing 2.

This embodiment is applicable to the flue gas heat exchange after the pyrolysis treatment that is to harmful gas innocent combustion, gas combustion furnace locates in shell and tube heat exchanger inner chamber 5, shell and tube heat exchanger is equipped with the combustor and carries out the auxiliary combustion to furnace heating, high temperature flue gas after the burning passes through tube side runner 10 and when flowing out with the harmful gas who gets into from shell side runner 20 and carry out the heat exchange, the temperature of the flue gas that tube side runner 10 discharged has been reduced on the one hand, waste gas in the shell side runner 20 is preheated in advance to usable flue gas heat again, thereby improve the basic temperature when waste gas gets into furnace, thereby reduce and implement the required fuel of burning to waste gas and supply and realize energy-conservation.

EXAMPLE III

As shown in fig. 1 to 4, 9 and 11, the tube-in-tube heat exchanger structure includes a heat exchange tube 1 and a heat exchange tube assembly formed by stacking a plurality of heat exchange tubes, the heat exchange tube 1 is wave-shaped, a plurality of heat exchange tubes 1 are tiled into one layer and stacked in multiple layers to form the heat exchange tube assembly, a space 12 is arranged between the heat exchange tubes 1 in the same layer, projections of wave crests 15 and wave troughs 16 of the adjacent heat exchange tubes 1 are staggered, and the heat exchange tube assembly has dense tube pass flow channels 10, and tube pass flow channel air inlets 13 and tube pass flow channel air outlets 14 communicated with the tube pass flow channels 10.

In this embodiment, still include many crossbeams 4 that separate into two sets or multiunit with the heat exchange tube assembly in the laminating direction, crossbeam 4 support its top corresponding partial heat exchange tube assembly, crossbeam 4 and heat exchange tube 1 contactless below, crossbeam 4 both ends pass through casing 2 both sides wall body support, form two or more independent bearing stack the interval from this.

The other parts are consistent with the first embodiment or the second embodiment, the second embodiment is suitable for manufacturing large heat exchangers, and in order to prevent the bottom heat exchange tube 1 from being damaged due to heavy load, the cross beam 4 is added to support the weight of part of the heat exchange tube 1, so that the bearing pressure of the bottom heat exchange tube 1 is reduced.

The wavy heat exchange tubes 1 occupy the height of about half of the total layer number, a plurality of heat exchange tube supporting beams 4 positioned on the same plane are arranged, all the beams 4 are not in contact with the heat exchange tubes 1 below the beams, and two ends of all the beams 4 are supported through wall bodies on two sides of the shell 2, so that two independent bearing stacking intervals are formed.

In this embodiment, the material used for the beam is silicon carbide ceramic.

Example four

As shown in fig. 12 to 14 and 16, the tube-in-tube heat exchanger structure comprises a heat exchange tube 1 and a heat exchange tube assembly formed by stacking a plurality of heat exchange tubes, wherein the heat exchange tube 1 is wavy, a plurality of heat exchange tubes 1 are tiled into one layer and stacked in multiple layers to form the heat exchange tube assembly, a space 12 is arranged between the heat exchange tubes 1 on the same layer, the projections of the wave crests 15 and the wave troughs 16 of the adjacent heat exchange tubes 1 are staggered, and the heat exchange tube assembly is provided with dense tube pass flow channels 10, tube pass flow channel air inlets 13 communicated with the tube pass flow channels 10 and tube pass flow channel air outlets 14.

During assembly, the wave crests 15 and the wave troughs 16 of the heat exchange tubes 1 adjacent to each other on the same layer left and right are staggered, and the projections of the wave crests 15 and the wave troughs 16 of the heat exchange tubes 1 adjacent to each other up and down are staggered.

The present embodiment is another heat exchange tube arrangement structure different from the foregoing embodiments, and the rest of the aspects are the same as those of the other embodiments.

The embodiments of the present invention are described in detail above with reference to the drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the described embodiments. It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made in these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention.

Claims

1. A tube-and-tube heat exchanger structure, characterized in that it comprises a heat exchange tube (1) and a heat exchange tube assembly formed by stacking a plurality of heat exchange tubes, wherein the shape of the heat exchange tube (1) is a wave shape, A plurality of heat exchange tubes (1) are flattened into one layer and stacked in multiple layers to form a heat exchange tube assembly. There is a space (12) between the heat exchange tubes (1) of the same layer, and the upper and lower adjacent corresponding heat exchange tubes (1). The projections of the peaks (15) and the troughs (16) of ) are staggered from each other, and the heat exchange tube assembly has dense tube-side flow channels (10) and a tube-side flow channel air inlet (13) and a tube-side flow channel that communicate with the tube-side flow channel (10). Air outlet (14).

2. The tube-and-tube heat exchanger structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a shell (2) and sealing walls (3) provided on both sides of the shell (2). ) is provided with a shell-side flow channel (20), a shell-side flow channel air inlet (21) communicating with the shell-side flow channel (20), and a shell-side flow channel air outlet (22), and the heat exchange tube assembly is located in the shell (2) In the heat exchange tube assembly, the gas in the tube-side flow channel (10) is heat-exchanged with the gas in the shell-side flow channel (20). Pass through two sealing walls (3).

3. The tube-and-tube heat exchanger structure according to claim 1, characterized in that it further comprises a casing (2) and a sealing wall (3) provided on the left side of the casing (2). ) is provided with a shell-side flow channel (20), a shell-side flow channel air inlet (21) communicating with the shell-side flow channel (20), and a shell-side flow channel air outlet (22), and the heat exchange tube assembly is located in the shell (2) In the heat exchange tube assembly, the gas in the tube-side flow channel (10) and the gas in the shell-side flow channel (20) conduct heat exchange, and the tube-side flow channel air outlet (14) of the heat-exchange tube assembly passes through the sealing wall (3), and the shell-side flow channel The air outlet (22) and the tube-side flow channel air inlet (13) of the heat exchange tube assembly are located in the inner cavity (5) of the shell (2), and the inner cavity can be used as a furnace, the furnace is connected with the tube-side flow channel (10) and The shell-side flow channel (20) is communicated.

4. A tube-and-tube heat exchanger structure according to claim 1, characterized in that the heat exchange tubes (1) can be of the same specification, and the upper and lower adjacent corresponding heat exchange tubes (1) can swing forward and backward The positions of the wave crests (15) and the wave troughs (16) are reversed in the way of placing, so that the projections of the wave crests (15) and wave troughs (16) of the upper and lower adjacent layers of the heat exchange tubes (1) are staggered.

5 . The tube-and-tube heat exchanger structure according to claim 1 , wherein the heat exchange tubes ( 1 ) are wave-shaped, and the head and tail of the heat exchange tubes ( 1 ) can be straight tubes. 6 .

6. The tube-and-tube heat exchanger structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that it further comprises a plurality of beams (4) for separating the heat exchange tube assembly into two or more groups in the stacking direction. The beam (4) supports the heat exchange tube assembly of the corresponding part above it, the beam (4) is not in contact with the heat exchange tube (1) below, and both ends of the beam (4) pass through the shell (2). ) are supported by the walls on both sides, thereby forming two or more independent load-bearing stacking zones.

7. The tube-and-tube heat exchanger structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that the sealing wall (3) completely seals and separates the tube-side flow channel (10) and the shell-side flow channel (20), and also separates the shell-side flow channel (20). ) is sealed and separated from the outer space of the shell, and the sealing wall (3) is made of refractory castables.

8 . The tube-and-tube heat exchanger structure according to claim 1 , wherein the heat exchange tubes ( 1 ) are all flush with each other when they are placed. 9 .

9 . The tube-and-tube heat exchanger structure according to claim 1 , wherein the heat exchange tubes ( 1 ) are made of ceramic or quartz glass material. 10 .

10. The tube-and-tube heat exchanger structure according to claim 2 or 3, characterized in that a refractory material and a heat insulating material are provided on the shell (2).