CN114083006A - Composite structure superhard material cutter capable of processing soft and hard metals - Google Patents
Composite structure superhard material cutter capable of processing soft and hard metals Download PDFInfo
- Publication number
- CN114083006A CN114083006A CN202111675135.4A CN202111675135A CN114083006A CN 114083006 A CN114083006 A CN 114083006A CN 202111675135 A CN202111675135 A CN 202111675135A CN 114083006 A CN114083006 A CN 114083006A
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- Prior art keywords
- groove
- blade
- cutting
- cutting edge
- superhard material
- Prior art date
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- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 28
- 150000002739 metals Chemical class 0.000 title claims abstract description 16
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 15
- 238000005520 cutting process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 100
- 238000003754 machining Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 27
- 230000007704 transition Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 21
- 239000007769 metal material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000003801 milling Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 238000005553 drilling Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- GJNGXPDXRVXSEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 4-chlorobenzonitrile Chemical compound ClC1=CC=C(C#N)C=C1 GJNGXPDXRVXSEH-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910010037 TiAlN Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Tin Chemical compound [Sn] ATJFFYVFTNAWJD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 3
- 229910003460 diamond Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 3
- 239000010432 diamond Substances 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010791 quenching Methods 0.000 description 4
- 230000000171 quenching effect Effects 0.000 description 4
- 239000000758 substrate Substances 0.000 description 4
- 229910000760 Hardened steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 3
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000005299 abrasion Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910000851 Alloy steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001018 Cast iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 229910001060 Gray iron Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000011247 coating layer Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910001562 pearlite Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000010935 stainless steel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910001220 stainless steel Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
Images
Classifications
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B23B—TURNING; BORING
- B23B27/00—Tools for turning or boring machines; Tools of a similar kind in general; Accessories therefor
- B23B27/005—Geometry of the chip-forming or the clearance planes, e.g. tool angles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P70/00—Climate change mitigation technologies in the production process for final industrial or consumer products
- Y02P70/10—Greenhouse gas [GHG] capture, material saving, heat recovery or other energy efficient measures, e.g. motor control, characterised by manufacturing processes, e.g. for rolling metal or metal working
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
- Geometry (AREA)
- Drilling Tools (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了可加工软硬金属的复合结构超硬材料刀具，包括刀片，该刀片设大切深槽，该大切深槽包括第一刃口、第一负倒棱、第一前刀面、第一过渡圆弧和第一反屑面；该刀片夹角处设刀片刀尖，该刀片刀尖设小切深槽，该小切深槽包括第二刃口、第二负倒棱、第二前刀面、第二过渡圆弧和第二反屑面，第二反屑面连接第二前刀面；其中：该小切深槽用于硬金属精加工且小切深加工硬金属材料时大切深槽不参与工作，大切深槽用于软金属粗加工且小切深槽充当刀片刀尖全部切入工件。它具有如下优点：能加工软硬金属，节省换刀时间，可扩展超硬材料刀具应用领域；提高加工精度；减少刀具磨损，提高加工效率，扩展超硬材料刀具应用领域，产生巨大经济效益。
The invention discloses a composite structure superhard material tool capable of machining soft and hard metals, including a blade, the blade is provided with a large cutting depth groove, and the large cutting depth groove includes a first cutting edge, a first negative chamfer, a first rake face, a first cutting edge and a second cutting edge. A transition arc and a first anti-chip surface; a blade tip is set at the included angle of the blade, and a small deep cutting groove is set on the blade tip, and the small deep cutting groove includes a second cutting edge, a second negative chamfer, a second cutting edge, and a second cutting edge. The rake face, the second transition arc and the second anti-chip face, the second anti-chip face is connected to the second rake face; wherein: the small depth of cut groove is used for hard metal finishing and small depth of cut when machining hard metal materials. The deep groove is not involved in the work, the large deep groove is used for soft metal roughing and the small deep groove acts as the tip of the insert cutting all the way into the workpiece. It has the following advantages: it can process soft and hard metals, save tool change time, and can expand the application field of superhard material tools; improve machining accuracy; reduce tool wear, improve processing efficiency, expand the application field of superhard material tools, and generate huge economic benefits.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of cutters, in particular to a composite structure superhard material cutter capable of machining soft and hard metals.
Background
With the development of metal cutting technology, the cutter technology gradually develops towards the directions of high efficiency, high precision, long service life and the like, so that the cutter changing is avoided in the cutting process, the consistency of precision and reference is kept, the cutter abrasion can be reduced in the cutting process, effective chip breaking can be realized, and the high efficiency, the high precision and the long service life of the cutting process are ensured.
Because the actual working position of the prior superhard material blade is only at the blade tip part when the superhard material blade is used for processing hard metal materials, the groove shapes of the prior superhard material blades are distributed at the blade tip part, and the blades are only suitable for processing materials such as hardened steel, high-temperature alloy and the like. For example, curved groove-shaped chip breakers at the tool tip as described in CN101695760A, V-shaped chip breakers at the tool tip as described in CN206230038U, and lug-shaped chip breakers welded on the rake face of the tool tip as described in CN204867480U, which are distributed at the tool tip, are designed for cutting hardened steel, mainly for effectively breaking chips and reducing the wear of the rake face of the blade. Therefore, the current situations limit the processing technology and the application field of the superhard material cutter, and the application of the superhard material cutter is greatly limited.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a superhard material cutter with a composite structure for processing soft and hard metals, which overcomes the defects in the background technology.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention for solving the technical problem is as follows: the composite structure superhard material cutter capable of processing soft and hard metals comprises a blade (1), wherein the blade (1) is provided with a large cutting groove which is annularly arranged, and the cross section of the bottom of the large cutting groove comprises a first cutting edge (8), a first negative chamfer (9), a first rake face (7), a first transition arc (10) and a first chip removing face (11) which are sequentially connected from outside to inside; the included angle of the blade (1) is provided with a blade tip, the blade tip is provided with a small cutting deep groove, the cross section of the bottom of the small cutting deep groove comprises a second cutting edge (2), a second negative chamfer (3), a second front blade surface (4), a second transition arc (5) and a second chip-removing surface (6) which are sequentially connected from outside to inside, and the second chip-removing surface (6) is connected with a second front blade surface (7); wherein: the small cutting groove is used for finish machining of hard metal, and when the small cutting groove is used for machining of hard metal materials, the large cutting groove does not participate in working, the large cutting groove is used for rough machining of soft metal, and the small cutting groove serves as a blade point and is completely cut into a workpiece.
In one embodiment: the first cutting edge (8) and the second cutting edge (2) are both in an arc structure.
In one embodiment: the blade (1) includes a blade base body (13) and a blade coating layer (12) coated on the blade base body (13).
In one embodiment: the blade substrate (13) is a diamond, PCBN or cemented carbide blade, and the blade coating (12) is TiAlN, TiN or TiCN.
In one embodiment: the radius r of the second cutting edge (2) of the small cutting deep groove10.01-0.04 μm, height h1Is 0.04-0.08mm, and the angle gamma of the second negative chamfer (3)01Is 15-35 degrees, and the groove-shaped front angle gamma of the second rake face (4)1Is 6-14 mm, and the radius R of the second transition arc (5) is1Is 0.1mm, and the chip-reflecting angle alpha of the second chip-reflecting surface (6)1Is 30-50 degrees and the width H of the groove1Is 0.15-0.35 mm.
In one embodiment: the radius r of the first cutting edge (8) of the large cutting deep groove20.01-0.05 μm, the chamfering height h of the first negative chamfer (9)2Is 0.2-0.4mm, and the first negative chamfer (9) has a chamfer angle gamma02Is 15-35 degrees, and the groove-shaped front angle gamma of the first rake face (7)29-21 mm, the first transition arc (10) has a transition arc radius R2Is 0.4mm, and the chip-reflecting angle alpha of the first chip-reflecting surface (11)2Is 35-55 degrees and the width H of the groove2Is 1.5-3.5 mm.
In one embodiment: the blade (1) is an indexable double-sided blade and is in the shape of a regular triangle, a quadrangle, a pentagon, a convex triangle, a circle or a rhombus.
In one embodiment: the tool being a turning, milling, boring or drilling tool
Compared with the background technology, the technical scheme has the following advantages:
the small cutting groove is arranged at a tool nose and used for finish machining of hard metal, and the large cutting groove does not participate in working when the hard metal material is machined in a small cutting way, the small cutting groove comprises a second cutting edge, a second negative chamfer, a second front tool face, a second transition arc and a second anti-chip face, the large cutting groove is used for rough machining of soft metal, the small cutting groove serves as a tool nose of the blade and is completely cut into a workpiece, the large cutting groove comprises a first cutting edge, a first negative chamfer, a first front tool face, a first transition arc and a first anti-chip face, and one of the large cutting groove and the large cutting groove can be used for machining of soft and hard metal, tool changing time is saved, and the application field of the superhard material tool can be expanded; secondly, the processing precision is improved; thirdly, the problems that the tool is seriously worn, the speed is difficult to increase, chips are difficult to break and the like in the cutting process are solved, the tool wear is reduced, the processing efficiency is improved, the application field of the superhard material tool is expanded, and great economic benefits are generated.
Drawings
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and detailed description.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural view of a cutter according to an embodiment.
Figure 2 is a cross-sectional view of an insert tip of an embodiment of the tool.
FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of a large depth cut groove of an embodiment of the tool.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of an insert and a coating structure of the cutter according to the embodiment.
FIG. 5 is a diagram of a turning tool of an embodiment.
Fig. 6 is a diagram of an embodiment of a milling cutter.
FIG. 7 is a diagram of a boring tool according to an embodiment.
Fig. 8 is a diagram of an embodiment drilling tool.
Fig. 9 is a cross-sectional dimension view of an embodiment of a small cutting depth groove of an insert.
Fig. 10 is a sectional dimension view of a large cutting depth groove of an embodiment of an insert.
Detailed Description
Referring to fig. 1 to 4, the composite superhard material cutting tool capable of processing soft and hard metals comprises a superhard material blade 1, wherein the blade 1 is provided with a large cutting groove D which is annularly arranged, and the cross section of the bottom of the large cutting groove comprises a first cutting edge 8, a first negative chamfer 9, a first rake face 7, a first transition arc 10 and a first chip-removing face 11 which are sequentially connected from outside to inside; the included angle department of this 1 blade establishes the blade knife tip, and little cutting depth groove C is established to this blade knife tip, and this little cutting depth groove tank bottom cross section includes by outer to interior second blade 2, the negative chamfer 3 of second, second rake face 4, second transition circular arc 5 and the anti bits of second face 6 of connecting according to the preface, and the anti bits of second face 7 of second face is connected to the anti bits of second face 6. The blade 1 comprises a blade substrate 13 and a blade coating 12 coated on the blade substrate 13, the blade substrate 13 is a diamond, PCBN or hard alloy blade, and the blade coating 12 is a wear-resistant coating of TiAlN, TiN or TiCN, and has the advantages of wear resistance and adhesion resistance, and the large and small cutting grooves can be formed by grinding or laser processing. The first cutting edge 8 and the second cutting edge 2 are both in a circular arc structure.
When the cutter works: the small cutting deep groove C can be used for finish machining (small cutting deep machining) of hard metal, and when the hard metal material is machined in the small cutting deep mode, the large cutting deep groove does not participate in working, the small cutting deep grooves are distributed at the tool tip part and can be used for realizing finish machining in the small cutting deep machining, if the cutting depth range of the small cutting deep machining is 0.05mm-0.3mm, in the small cutting deep machining process: the second cutting edge 2 and the second negative chamfer 3 can enhance the strength of the insert, and the second rake surface 4 and the second chip removing surface 6 can make chips bent reversely, and the chips are broken when encountering an unprocessed surface as the cutting process progresses. The large cutting deep groove D can be used for rough machining (large cutting deep machining) of soft metal, the cutting depth range of the large cutting deep machining is 0.2mm-3mm, at the moment, the small cutting deep groove C serves as a cutter point of a cutter blade and is completely cut into a workpiece, and in the process of the large cutting deep machining: the first cutting edge 8 and the first negative chamfer 9 can enhance the strength of the insert, and the second rake surface 7 and the first chip removing surface 11 can bend chips in a reaction manner, so that the chips are broken when encountering an unprocessed surface as the cutting process progresses. The hard metal includes, for example, hardened steel of HRC45 or more, wear-resistant cast iron, heat-resistant alloy of HRC35 or more, pearlite gray cast iron of HRC30 or less, which is difficult to machine in other blades, and the soft metal includes, for example, alloy steel of HRC35 or less, stainless steel, and the like. The blade may also be used to process some multi-hardness metallic materials or materials that are softer before quenching and hardened after quenching, such as: the large cutting deep groove D is adopted for rough machining before quenching, and the small cutting deep groove C is adopted for finish machining after quenching, so that the tool changing time can be saved, the machining precision can be improved, the blade consumption can be reduced, the application field of the superhard material tool can be expanded by adopting the design, and huge economic benefits can be generated.
Referring to FIG. 9, the radius r of the second cutting edge 2 of the small cutting groove C10.01-0.04 μm, height h10.04-0.08mm, and a second negative chamfer angle gamma01Is 15-35 degrees, and the 4-groove-shaped front angle gamma of the second rake face1Is 6-14 mm, and the radius R of the second transition arc 5 transition arc10.1mm, and a chip-reflecting angle alpha of the second chip-reflecting surface 61Is 30-50 degrees and the width H of the groove1Is 0.15-0.35 mm. Referring to FIG. 10, the radius r of the first cutting edge 8 of the large cutting groove D20.01-0.05 μm, the chamfering height h of the first negative chamfer 920.2-0.4mm, the first negative chamfer 9 has a chamfer angle gamma02Is 15-35 degrees, and a 7-groove-shaped front angle gamma of the first front tool surface29-21 mm, a first transition arc 10 transition arc radius R20.4mm, the first chip-removing surface 11 has a chip-removing angle alpha2Is 35-55 degrees and the width H of the groove2Is 1.5-3.5 mm. By adopting the numerical limitation, the abrasion of the cutter can be reduced, and the processing efficiency is improved.
The cutter of the embodiment is an indexable double-sided insert, and the shape of the cutter can be regular triangle, quadrangle, pentagon, convex triangle, circle, rhombus and the like.
The tool can be used for turning, milling, boring, drilling and the like, and specifically comprises the following components: please refer to fig. 5, which is used for turning and includes a cutter and a turning tool holder 14, wherein the cutter is fixedly connected to the turning tool holder 14; referring to fig. 6, the milling tool includes a cutting tool and a milling cutter holder 15, and the cutting tool is fixedly connected to the milling cutter holder 15; referring to fig. 7, the boring tool for boring includes a tool and a boring tool holder 16, wherein the tool is fixedly connected to the boring tool holder 16; referring to fig. 8, for drilling, it comprises a tool and a drill holder 17, the tool being attached to the drill holder 17.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and therefore should not be taken as limiting the scope of the invention, which is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims (8)
Priority Applications (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111675135.4A CN114083006B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Composite structure superhard material cutter capable of processing soft and hard metals |
Applications Claiming Priority (1)
| Application Number | Priority Date | Filing Date | Title |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111675135.4A CN114083006B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Composite structure superhard material cutter capable of processing soft and hard metals |
Publications (2)
| Publication Number | Publication Date |
|---|---|
| CN114083006A true CN114083006A (en) | 2022-02-25 |
| CN114083006B CN114083006B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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| Application Number | Title | Priority Date | Filing Date |
|---|---|---|---|
| CN202111675135.4A Active CN114083006B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Composite structure superhard material cutter capable of processing soft and hard metals |
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Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02131804A (en) * | 1988-09-29 | 1990-05-21 | Safety Sa | Cutting insert |
| CN1123726A (en) * | 1994-10-23 | 1996-06-05 | 伊斯卡有限公司 | An eschangeable cutting insert |
| US20020136611A1 (en) * | 1999-05-03 | 2002-09-26 | Rudi Hartlohner | Indexable cutting insert for machining workpieces |
| JP2004216510A (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2004-08-05 | Kyocera Corp | Cutting insert |
| JP2006272548A (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2006-10-12 | Tungaloy Corp | Throw-away chip |
| JP2009066726A (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-04-02 | Kyocera Corp | Cutting insert, cutting tool using the same, and cutting method |
| EP2067552A1 (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-10 | Jakob Lach GmbH & Co. KG | Cutting tool for machining a workpiece |
| CN104400029A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-11 | 江西稀有稀土金属钨业集团有限公司 | Preparation method for effectively improving use property of indexable cutter blade |
| CN110000400A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-12 | 株洲欧科亿数控精密刀具股份有限公司 | A kind of two-sided groove profile cutting tip |
| CN112041105A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2020-12-04 | 山特维克科洛曼特公司 | Turning insert |
-
2021
- 2021-12-31 CN CN202111675135.4A patent/CN114083006B/en active Active
Patent Citations (10)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH02131804A (en) * | 1988-09-29 | 1990-05-21 | Safety Sa | Cutting insert |
| CN1123726A (en) * | 1994-10-23 | 1996-06-05 | 伊斯卡有限公司 | An eschangeable cutting insert |
| US20020136611A1 (en) * | 1999-05-03 | 2002-09-26 | Rudi Hartlohner | Indexable cutting insert for machining workpieces |
| JP2004216510A (en) * | 2003-01-15 | 2004-08-05 | Kyocera Corp | Cutting insert |
| JP2006272548A (en) * | 2006-07-07 | 2006-10-12 | Tungaloy Corp | Throw-away chip |
| JP2009066726A (en) * | 2007-09-14 | 2009-04-02 | Kyocera Corp | Cutting insert, cutting tool using the same, and cutting method |
| EP2067552A1 (en) * | 2007-12-05 | 2009-06-10 | Jakob Lach GmbH & Co. KG | Cutting tool for machining a workpiece |
| CN104400029A (en) * | 2014-11-07 | 2015-03-11 | 江西稀有稀土金属钨业集团有限公司 | Preparation method for effectively improving use property of indexable cutter blade |
| CN112041105A (en) * | 2018-04-26 | 2020-12-04 | 山特维克科洛曼特公司 | Turning insert |
| CN110000400A (en) * | 2019-04-03 | 2019-07-12 | 株洲欧科亿数控精密刀具股份有限公司 | A kind of two-sided groove profile cutting tip |
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| Publication number | Publication date |
|---|---|
| CN114083006B (en) | 2023-04-07 |
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