CN114076006B - Generator set intelligent start-stop system based on APS controller - Google Patents
Generator set intelligent start-stop system based on APS controller Download PDFInfo
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- CN114076006B CN114076006B CN202111320644.5A CN202111320644A CN114076006B CN 114076006 B CN114076006 B CN 114076006B CN 202111320644 A CN202111320644 A CN 202111320644A CN 114076006 B CN114076006 B CN 114076006B
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01K—STEAM ENGINE PLANTS; STEAM ACCUMULATORS; ENGINE PLANTS NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR; ENGINES USING SPECIAL WORKING FLUIDS OR CYCLES
- F01K13/00—General layout or general methods of operation of complete plants
- F01K13/02—Controlling, e.g. stopping or starting
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F02—COMBUSTION ENGINES; HOT-GAS OR COMBUSTION-PRODUCT ENGINE PLANTS
- F02C—GAS-TURBINE PLANTS; AIR INTAKES FOR JET-PROPULSION PLANTS; CONTROLLING FUEL SUPPLY IN AIR-BREATHING JET-PROPULSION PLANTS
- F02C6/00—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use
- F02C6/18—Plural gas-turbine plants; Combinations of gas-turbine plants with other apparatus; Adaptations of gas-turbine plants for special use using the waste heat of gas-turbine plants outside the plants themselves, e.g. gas-turbine power heat plants
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Combustion & Propulsion (AREA)
- Control Of Turbines (AREA)
Abstract
The invention relates to an intelligent start-stop system of a generator set based on an APS controller, which comprises an initialization unit, an automatic starting unit and an automatic stopping unit, wherein the initialization unit is used for initializing the generator set; the automatic starting unit comprises an auxiliary starting module, a boiler water injection module and a unit starting module; the automatic shutdown unit comprises a load reduction module, a unit shutdown module and an auxiliary shutdown module. According to the invention, the generator set is started by arranging the set starting module, the generator set is started step by the set starting module through the rotating speed of the gas turbine, the flue gas temperature of the gas turbine, the steam flow of the waste heat boiler and the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the generator set is stopped step by the set stopping module through the flue gas flow of the gas turbine and the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler, so that the generator set keeps larger efficiency in the starting and stopping processes to generate electricity, the utilization rate of resources is improved, the waste of energy sources is reduced, and the service life of the generator set is prolonged.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of automatic control of a gas-steam combined cycle unit, in particular to an intelligent start-stop system of a generator set based on an APS controller.
Background
The energy and power industry is rapidly changed, the requirements for solving the environmental problems and sustainability challenges are higher and higher, and new energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaics and the like bring great challenges to the power generation of the gas turbine at lower cost. How to realize the application of the multifunctional complementation and the new technology by virtue of the stability characteristics of the gas turbine, is the direction worthy of research. Wherein the demand for heavy duty gas turbines is gradually decreasing due to the reduced impact of excess capacity and renewable energy costs. However, many areas in China are converting coal thermal power or nuclear power into natural gas power generation, and the flexibility and reliability of the gas turbine are also more widely valued in all areas worldwide. Gas turbines also gradually tend to the electricity generation market of renewable energy sources, exerting their good peak shaving effect.
The Automatic PLANT START-up and shutdown-down System (APS) of the gas-steam combined cycle unit is a System for controlling the Automatic start and stop of the unit, an advanced control strategy is adopted, the working condition of the unit can be automatically judged by replacing operators, corresponding programs are selected, corresponding operation is made, the parameters of the unit are automatically regulated according to a designed operation curve, the workload of the operators of the generator unit is obviously reduced, the possibility of misoperation of the operators is greatly reduced, meanwhile, the safety and economic benefit of the operation of the unit are improved, and the Automatic level improvement of a power plant and a power grid is extremely important.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, the invention provides an intelligent start-stop system of a generator set based on an APS controller, which is used for solving the problem of a large amount of energy waste caused in the process of starting or stopping the generator set in the prior art.
In order to achieve the above purpose, the invention provides an intelligent start-stop system of a generator set based on an APS controller, which comprises,
An automatic start unit and an automatic stop unit; the automatic starting unit comprises an auxiliary starting module, a boiler water injection module and a unit starting module; the automatic shutdown unit comprises a load reduction module, a unit shutdown module and an auxiliary shutdown module;
the generator set comprises a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler and a steam turbine;
the unit starting module is respectively connected with the gas turbine, the waste heat boiler and the steam turbine and used for controlling the working states of all the components;
The unit starting module comprises a gas rotating speed detecting device, a gas turbine starting module and a gas turbine starting module, wherein the gas rotating speed detecting device is used for detecting the rotating speed of the gas turbine; the gas temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine, and the steam flow detection device is used for detecting the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler; steam rotation speed detecting means for detecting a rotation speed of the steam turbine;
The unit starting module controls the gas turbine to start, the gas rotation speed detection device detects the rotation speed of the gas turbine, the gas temperature detection device detects the temperature of smoke generated by the gas turbine, and the unit starting module judges to start the waste heat boiler according to the rotation speed of the gas turbine and the temperature of the smoke; the steam flow detection device detects the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler, the unit starting module judges and controls the starting of the steam turbine according to the steam flow, the steam rotating speed detection device detects the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the unit starting module controls the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed of the steam turbine to finish the starting of the generator set;
The unit shutdown module is respectively connected with the gas turbine, the waste heat boiler and the steam turbine and used for controlling the working states of all the components;
The unit shutdown module comprises a gas flow detection device for detecting the flow of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine; and the water temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler.
The unit shutdown module controls the gas turbine to shut down, the gas flow detection device detects the flue gas flow generated by the gas turbine, the unit shutdown module judges to shut down the waste heat boiler according to the flue gas flow, the water temperature detection device detects the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler, the unit shutdown module judges to shut down the steam turbine according to the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler, and the shutdown of the generator set is completed.
Further, a boiler starting rotating speed Vq is arranged in the unit starting module, the unit starting module controls the gas turbine to start, the gas rotating speed detecting device detects the real-time rotating speed Vs of the gas turbine, the unit starting module compares the real-time rotating speed Vs with the boiler starting rotating speed Vq,
When Vs is smaller than Vq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler does not reach a starting standard, and the unit starting module judges the starting of the waste heat boiler according to the flue gas temperature generated by the gas turbine detected by the gas temperature detection device;
when Vs is larger than or equal to Vq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler reaches a starting standard, and the unit starting module starts the waste heat boiler.
Further, the unit starting module is internally provided with a boiler starting flue gas temperature Tq, when the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler does not reach the starting standard, the gas temperature detection device detects the real-time temperature Ts of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine, the unit starting module compares the real-time temperature Ts of the flue gas with the boiler starting flue gas temperature Tq,
When Ts is smaller than Tq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler does not reach a starting standard, and the waste heat boiler is not started;
When Ts is more than or equal to Tq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler reaches the starting standard, and the unit starting module starts the waste heat boiler.
Further, a first preset starting flow L1 and a second preset starting flow L2 are arranged in the unit starting module, L1 is smaller than L2, when the waste heat boiler is started, the steam flow detection device detects the real-time flow Ls of steam generated by the waste heat boiler, the unit starting module compares the real-time flow Ls of the steam with the first preset starting flow L1 and the second preset starting flow L2,
When Ls is smaller than L1, the unit starting module judges that the steam turbine does not reach a starting standard, and the steam turbine is not started;
when L1 is less than or equal to Ls and less than L2, the unit starting module judges that the steam turbine reaches a starting standard, and the unit starting module starts the steam turbine;
when Ls is more than or equal to L2, the unit starting module judges that the steam turbine exceeds a starting standard, the unit starting module starts the steam turbine, the steam rotating speed detecting device detects the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the unit starting module adjusts the steam flow of the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed of the steam turbine.
Further, the unit starting module is internally provided with the standard rotating speed Vb and the standard rotating speed difference DeltaVb of the steam turbine, when the unit starting module judges that the steam turbine exceeds the starting standard, the steam rotating speed detecting device detects the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine, the unit starting module calculates the real-time rotating speed difference DeltaVt, deltaVt= |vb-Vt| of the steam turbine according to the standard rotating speed Vb of the steam turbine and the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine, the unit starting module compares the real-time rotating speed difference DeltaVt of the steam turbine with the standard rotating speed difference DeltaVb,
When delta Vt is less than or equal to delta Vb, the unit starting module judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is in a standard rotating speed range, and the steam flow of the waste heat boiler is not regulated;
When DeltaVt is larger than DeltaVb, the unit starting module judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is not in the standard rotating speed range, and the unit starting module compares the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine with the standard rotating speed Vb so as to adjust the steam flow of the waste heat boiler.
Further, when the unit starting module determines that the real-time rotational speed of the steam turbine is not within the standard rotational speed range, the unit starting module compares the real-time rotational speed Vt of the steam turbine with the standard rotational speed Vb,
When Vt is smaller than Vb, the unit starting module judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine does not reach the standard rotating speed, the unit starting module stops starting the steam turbine, the steam flow detection device detects the real-time flow Ls 'of steam generated by the waste heat boiler until Ls' > L1, and the unit starting module restarts the steam turbine;
when Vt is larger than Vb, the unit starting module adjusts the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler to be Ls ', ls' = Lx [1- (Vt-Vb)/Vb ], and the unit starting module completes the starting of the generator unit.
Further, a shutdown flue gas flow Le and a shutdown water temperature Te are arranged in the unit shutdown module, when the unit shutdown module turns off the gas turbine, the gas flow detection device detects the flue gas real-time flow Lr generated by the gas turbine, the unit shutdown module compares the flue gas real-time flow Lr with the shutdown flue gas flow Le,
When Lr is more than or equal to Le, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time flow of the flue gas does not reach the shutdown standard, and the waste heat boiler is not closed;
When Lr is less than Le, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time flow of the flue gas reaches a shutdown standard, and the waste heat boiler is closed;
When the waste heat boiler is closed, the water temperature detection device detects the real-time water temperature Tr in the waste heat boiler, the unit shutdown module compares the real-time water temperature Tr in the waste heat boiler with the shutdown water temperature Te,
When Tr is more than Te, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time water temperature in the waste heat boiler does not reach a shutdown standard, and does not shut down the steam turbine;
and when Tr is less than or equal to Te, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time water temperature in the waste heat boiler reaches a shutdown standard, the steam turbine is closed, and the unit shutdown module finishes shutdown of the generator unit.
Further, the intelligent start-stop system further comprises an initialization unit, wherein the initialization unit comprises a chemical water treatment module, an instrument air module and a hydrogen module.
Further, the auxiliary starting module comprises an auxiliary steam device, a desalted water device, a circulating water pump device, an open water device, a closed water device, a public device, a turbine lubricating oil device, an EH oil device, a turning gear and a condensed water device; the boiler water injection module comprises a low-pressure steam drum water injection device and a high-and medium-pressure steam drum water injection device.
Further, the load reduction module comprises a boiler drainage device, a steam turbine bypass device, a steam turbine drainage device and an auxiliary steam seal steam supply device; the auxiliary shutdown module comprises a vacuum stopping device, a public stopping device and a condensate stopping device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that the generator set is started by arranging the set starting module, the set starting module starts the generator set step by step through the rotating speed of the gas turbine, the flue gas temperature of the gas turbine, the steam flow of the waste heat boiler and the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the generator set is stopped step by the set stopping module through the flue gas flow of the gas turbine and the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler, so that the generator set keeps larger efficiency in the starting and stopping processes to generate electricity, the utilization rate of resources is improved, the waste of energy sources is reduced, and the service life of the generator set is prolonged.
In particular, the unit starting module can drive the waste heat boiler to start in a period of higher efficiency by detecting the real-time rotating speed of the gas turbine as an initial condition of the starting of the waste heat boiler, so that the consumption of starting energy is reduced, and meanwhile, when the real-time rotating speed of the gas turbine does not meet the starting condition of the waste heat boiler, the temperature of high-temperature flue gas generated by the gas turbine is detected and used as the starting condition of the waste heat boiler, so that the heat loss of the high-temperature flue gas is reduced, and the energy conversion efficiency is further improved.
Further, through be equipped with first default start-up flow, second default start-up flow in the unit start-up module, will steam flow that exhaust-heat boiler produced carries out classification operation, when the flow is lower, does not start steam turbine, less energy that consumes when starting, when the flow reaches the start-up standard scope, starts steam turbine, steam turbine works through gas turbine's surplus heat, when the flow surpasses the start-up standard scope, through detecting steam turbine's real-time rotational speed is adjusted exhaust-heat boiler's steam flow, maintains steam turbine rotational speed stability, has ensured the normal operating of system.
Further, the steam flow of the waste heat boiler is adjusted according to the real-time rotating speed Vt and the standard rotating speed Vb of the steam turbine, a flow interval which does not need to be adjusted is determined, unnecessary adjusting processes are reduced, adjusting efficiency is improved, meanwhile, when the steam flow of the waste heat boiler is higher, the flow is reduced, the stability of steam circulation is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the working stability of the steam turbine is also improved.
In particular, through be equipped with shut down flue gas flow, shut down temperature in the unit off-stream module to detect the flue gas real-time flow and the real-time water temperature in the exhaust-heat boiler that gas turbine produced, control close exhaust-heat boiler with steam turbine can utilize the inside surplus flow of unit to continue the operation of in-process that the generating set was closed, both improved the utilization ratio of the energy, ensured the inside step by step off operation of generating set again, improved generating set's life.
Furthermore, the invention has the advantages of clear structure level, convenient operation, perfect functions, and also ensures the safety and stability of the unit, designs a proper sequential control flow for the hot starting process, provides a new thought for breakpoint setting for the unit system one-key starting, and particularly designs an APS controller for realizing functions of APS system breakpoints, jumping, investment, cutting off, fault alarming, recovering and the like, and the APS controller is specially designed for ensuring the functional integrity of the APS.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of a structure of an intelligent start-stop system of a generator set based on an APS controller according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
In order that the objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent, the invention will be further described with reference to the following examples; it should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
Preferred embodiments of the present invention are described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood by those skilled in the art that these embodiments are merely for explaining the technical principles of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention.
It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," "outer," and the like indicate directions or positional relationships based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the drawings, which are merely for convenience of description, and do not indicate or imply that the apparatus or elements must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and thus should not be construed as limiting the present invention.
Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless explicitly specified and limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, and may be either fixedly connected, detachably connected, or integrally connected, for example; can be mechanically or electrically connected; can be directly connected or indirectly connected through an intermediate medium, and can be communication between two elements. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to the specific circumstances.
Referring to fig. 1, which is a schematic structural diagram of an intelligent start-stop system of a generator set based on an APS controller, the invention discloses an intelligent start-stop system of a generator set based on an APS controller, which comprises an intelligent start-stop system 1, an automatic start-up unit 2, an automatic stop unit 3, an auxiliary start-up module 4, a boiler water injection module 5, a unit start-up module 6, a load reduction module 7, a unit stop module 8 and an auxiliary stop module 9, wherein,
The automatic starting unit 2 comprises an auxiliary starting module 4, a boiler water injection module 5 and a unit starting module 6; the automatic shutdown unit 3 comprises a load reduction module 7, a unit shutdown module 8 and an auxiliary shutdown module 9;
the generator set comprises a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler and a steam turbine;
the unit starting module 6 is respectively connected with the gas turbine, the waste heat boiler and the steam turbine and used for controlling the working states of all the components;
the unit starting module 6 comprises a gas rotation speed detection device for detecting the rotation speed of the gas turbine; the gas temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine, and the steam flow detection device is used for detecting the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler; steam rotation speed detecting means for detecting a rotation speed of the steam turbine;
the unit starting module 6 controls the gas turbine to start, the gas rotation speed detection device detects the rotation speed of the gas turbine, the gas temperature detection device detects the temperature of smoke generated by the gas turbine, and the unit starting module 6 judges to start the waste heat boiler according to the rotation speed of the gas turbine and the temperature of the smoke; the steam flow detection device detects the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler, the unit starting module 6 judges and controls the starting of the steam turbine according to the steam flow, the steam rotating speed detection device detects the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the unit starting module 6 controls the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed of the steam turbine to finish the starting of the generator set;
The unit shutdown module 8 is respectively connected with the gas turbine, the waste heat boiler and the steam turbine and is used for controlling the working states of all the components;
The unit shutdown module 8 comprises a gas flow detection device for detecting the flow of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine; and the water temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler.
The unit shutdown module 8 controls the gas turbine to shut down, the gas flow detection device detects the flue gas flow generated by the gas turbine, the unit shutdown module 8 judges to shut down the waste heat boiler according to the flue gas flow, the water temperature detection device detects the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler, and the unit shutdown module 8 judges to shut down the steam turbine according to the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler, so that the shutdown of the generator set is completed.
The generator set is started by arranging the generator set starting module 6, the generator set is started step by the generator set starting module 6 through the rotating speed of the gas turbine, the flue gas temperature of the gas turbine, the steam flow of the waste heat boiler and the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the generator set is stopped step by the generator set stopping module 8 through the flue gas flow of the gas turbine and the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler, so that the generator set can generate power by keeping larger efficiency in the starting and stopping processes, the utilization rate of resources is improved, the waste of energy sources is reduced, and the service life of the generator set is prolonged.
Specifically, the set starting module 6 is internally provided with a boiler starting rotating speed Vq, the set starting module 6 controls the gas turbine to start, the gas rotating speed detecting device detects the real-time rotating speed Vs of the gas turbine, the set starting module 6 compares the real-time rotating speed Vs with the boiler starting rotating speed Vq,
When Vs is smaller than Vq, the unit starting module 6 judges that the waste heat boiler does not reach a starting standard, and the unit starting module 6 judges the starting of the waste heat boiler according to the flue gas temperature generated by the gas turbine detected by the gas temperature detecting device;
When Vs is larger than or equal to Vq, the unit starting module 6 judges that the waste heat boiler reaches a starting standard, and the unit starting module 6 starts the waste heat boiler.
Specifically, the unit starting module 6 is internally provided with a boiler starting flue gas temperature Tq, when the unit starting module 6 judges that the waste heat boiler does not reach the starting standard, the gas temperature detection device detects the real-time temperature Ts of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine, the unit starting module 6 compares the real-time temperature Ts of the flue gas with the boiler starting flue gas temperature Tq,
When Ts is smaller than Tq, the unit starting module 6 judges that the waste heat boiler does not reach a starting standard, and does not start the waste heat boiler;
when Ts is more than or equal to Tq, the unit starting module 6 judges that the waste heat boiler reaches the starting standard, and the unit starting module 6 starts the waste heat boiler.
The unit starting module 6 can drive the waste heat boiler to start in a period of higher efficiency by detecting the real-time rotating speed of the gas turbine as an initial condition of the starting of the waste heat boiler, so that the consumption of starting energy is reduced, and meanwhile, when the real-time rotating speed of the gas turbine does not meet the starting condition of the waste heat boiler, the temperature of high-temperature flue gas generated by the gas turbine is detected and is used as the starting condition of the waste heat boiler, so that the heat loss of the high-temperature flue gas is reduced, and the energy conversion efficiency is further improved.
Specifically, a first preset starting flow L1 and a second preset starting flow L2 are arranged in the unit starting module 6, and L1 is smaller than L2, when the waste heat boiler is started, the steam flow detection device detects the real-time flow Ls of steam generated by the waste heat boiler, the unit starting module 6 compares the real-time flow Ls of the steam with the first preset starting flow L1 and the second preset starting flow L2,
When Ls is smaller than L1, the unit starting module 6 judges that the steam turbine does not reach a starting standard, and does not start the steam turbine;
when L1 is less than or equal to Ls and less than L2, the unit starting module 6 judges that the steam turbine reaches a starting standard, and the unit starting module 6 starts the steam turbine;
when Ls is more than or equal to L2, the unit starting module 6 judges that the steam turbine exceeds a starting standard, the unit starting module 6 starts the steam turbine, the steam rotating speed detecting device detects the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the unit starting module 6 adjusts the steam flow of the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed of the steam turbine.
The unit starting module 6 is internally provided with a first preset starting flow and a second preset starting flow, so that the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler is classified, when the flow is low, the steam turbine is not started, the energy consumed during starting is reduced, when the flow reaches the starting standard range, the steam turbine is started, the steam turbine works through the residual heat of the gas turbine, when the flow exceeds the starting standard range, the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is detected to adjust the steam flow of the waste heat boiler, the rotating speed of the steam turbine is maintained to be stable, and the normal operation of the system is ensured.
Specifically, the unit starting module 6 is internally provided with the standard rotation speed Vb and the standard rotation speed difference DeltaVb of the steam turbine, when the unit starting module 6 judges that the steam turbine exceeds the starting standard, the steam rotation speed detection device detects the real-time rotation speed Vt of the steam turbine, the unit starting module 6 calculates the real-time rotation speed difference DeltaVt, deltaVt= |vb-Vt| of the steam turbine according to the standard rotation speed Vb of the steam turbine and the real-time rotation speed Vt of the steam turbine, the unit starting module 6 compares the real-time rotation speed difference DeltaVt of the steam turbine with the standard rotation speed difference DeltaVb,
When DeltaVt is less than or equal to DeltaVb, the unit starting module 6 judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is in a standard rotating speed range, and the steam flow of the waste heat boiler is not regulated;
When Δvt > Δvb, the unit start module 6 determines that the real-time rotational speed of the steam turbine is not within the standard rotational speed range, and the unit start module 6 compares the real-time rotational speed Vt of the steam turbine with the standard rotational speed Vb to adjust the steam flow of the exhaust-heat boiler.
Specifically, when the unit start-up module 6 determines that the real-time rotational speed of the steam turbine is not within the standard rotational speed range, the unit start-up module 6 compares the real-time rotational speed Vt of the steam turbine with the standard rotational speed Vb,
When Vt is smaller than Vb, the unit starting module 6 judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine does not reach the standard rotating speed, the unit starting module 6 stops starting the steam turbine, the steam flow detection device detects the real-time flow Ls 'of steam generated by the waste heat boiler until Ls' > L1, and the unit starting module 6 restarts the steam turbine;
When Vt > Vb, the unit start module 6 adjusts the steam flow generated by the exhaust-heat boiler to Ls ", ls" =ls× [1- (Vt-Vb)/Vb ], and the unit start module 6 completes the start of the generator unit.
The steam flow of the waste heat boiler is adjusted according to the real-time rotating speed Vt and the standard rotating speed Vb of the steam turbine, a flow interval which does not need to be adjusted is determined, unnecessary adjusting processes are reduced, adjusting efficiency is improved, meanwhile, when the steam flow of the waste heat boiler is higher, the flow is reduced, the stability of steam circulation is guaranteed, and meanwhile, the working stability of the steam turbine is also improved.
Specifically, the shutdown flue gas flow Le and the shutdown water temperature Te are arranged in the unit shutdown module 8, when the unit shutdown module 8 shuts down the gas turbine, the gas flow detection device detects the flue gas real-time flow Lr generated by the gas turbine, the unit shutdown module 8 compares the flue gas real-time flow Lr with the shutdown flue gas flow Le,
When Lr is more than or equal to Le, the unit shutdown module 8 judges that the real-time flow of the flue gas does not reach the shutdown standard, and does not shut down the waste heat boiler;
When Lr is less than Le, the unit shutdown module 8 judges that the real-time flow of the flue gas reaches a shutdown standard, and the waste heat boiler is closed;
When the waste heat boiler is closed, the water temperature detection device detects the real-time water temperature Tr in the waste heat boiler, the unit shutdown module 8 compares the real-time water temperature Tr in the waste heat boiler with the shutdown water temperature Te,
When Tr is more than Te, the unit shutdown module 8 judges that the real-time water temperature in the waste heat boiler does not reach a shutdown standard, and does not shut down the steam turbine;
When Tr is less than or equal to Te, the unit shutdown module 8 judges that the real-time water temperature in the waste heat boiler reaches a shutdown standard, the steam turbine is closed, and the unit shutdown module 8 finishes shutdown of the generator unit.
Through be equipped with shut down flue gas flow, shut down temperature in the unit outage module 8 to detect the flue gas real-time flow and the real-time water temperature in the exhaust-heat boiler that gas turbine produced, control close exhaust-heat boiler with steam turbine can be in the in-process that the generating set closed, utilize the inside surplus flow of unit to continue to operate, both improved the utilization ratio of the energy, ensured the inside step by step of generating set to shut down again, improved generating set's life.
Specifically, the intelligent start-stop system further comprises an initialization unit, wherein the initialization unit comprises a chemical water treatment module, an instrument air module and a hydrogen module.
Specifically, the auxiliary starting module 4 includes an auxiliary steam device, a demineralized water device, a circulating water pump device, an open water device, a closed water device, a public device, a turbine lubricating oil device, an EH oil device, a turning gear and a condensed water device; the boiler water injection module 5 comprises a low-pressure steam drum water injection device and a high-pressure and medium-pressure steam drum water injection device.
Specifically, the load reduction module 7 comprises a boiler drainage device, a turbine bypass device, a turbine drainage device and an auxiliary gland seal steam supply device; the auxiliary shutdown module 9 comprises a vacuum shutdown device, a public shutdown device and a condensate shutdown device.
The invention has the advantages of clear structure level, convenient operation, perfect functions, complete functions, safety and stability of the unit, design of a proper sequential control flow aiming at a hot start process, one-key start of the unit system, provision of a new thought for breakpoint setting, special design of an APS controller, and the like for realizing functions of the APS system such as breakpoint, skip, input, cutting, fault alarm and recovery, and the like.
Thus far, the technical solution of the present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments shown in the drawings, but it is easily understood by those skilled in the art that the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited to these specific embodiments. Equivalent modifications and substitutions for related technical features may be made by those skilled in the art without departing from the principles of the present invention, and such modifications and substitutions will be within the scope of the present invention.
The foregoing description is only of the preferred embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit the invention; various modifications and variations of the present invention will be apparent to those skilled in the art. Any modification, equivalent replacement, improvement, etc. made within the spirit and principle of the present invention should be included in the protection scope of the present invention.
Claims (7)
1. An intelligent start-stop system of a generator set based on an APS controller is characterized by comprising an automatic start-up unit and an automatic stop unit; the automatic starting unit comprises an auxiliary starting module, a boiler water injection module and a unit starting module; the automatic shutdown unit comprises a load reduction module, a unit shutdown module and an auxiliary shutdown module;
the generator set comprises a gas turbine, a waste heat boiler and a steam turbine;
the unit starting module is respectively connected with the gas turbine, the waste heat boiler and the steam turbine and used for controlling the working states of all the components;
The unit starting module comprises a gas rotating speed detection device for detecting the rotating speed of the gas turbine; the gas temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine, and the steam flow detection device is used for detecting the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler; steam rotation speed detecting means for detecting a rotation speed of the steam turbine;
The unit starting module controls the gas turbine to start, and judges and starts the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed of the gas turbine and the temperature of the flue gas; the unit starting module judges and controls the starting of the steam turbine according to the steam flow, and controls the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed of the steam turbine to finish the starting of the generator set;
The unit shutdown module is respectively connected with the gas turbine, the waste heat boiler and the steam turbine and used for controlling the working states of all the components;
the unit shutdown module comprises a gas flow detection device for detecting the flow of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine; the water temperature detection device is used for detecting the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler;
The unit shutdown module controls the gas turbine to shut down, the unit shutdown module judges to shut down the waste heat boiler according to the flue gas flow, and the unit shutdown module judges to shut down the steam turbine according to the temperature of water in the waste heat boiler to finish the shutdown of the generator unit;
the unit starting module is internally provided with a first preset starting flow L1 and a second preset starting flow L2, wherein L1 is smaller than L2, when the waste heat boiler is started, the steam flow detection device detects the real-time flow Ls of steam generated by the waste heat boiler, the unit starting module compares the real-time flow Ls of the steam with the first preset starting flow L1 and the second preset starting flow L2,
When Ls is smaller than L1, the unit starting module judges that the steam turbine does not reach a starting standard, and the steam turbine is not started;
when L1 is less than or equal to Ls and less than L2, the unit starting module judges that the steam turbine reaches a starting standard, and the unit starting module starts the steam turbine;
when Ls is more than or equal to L2, the unit starting module judges that the steam turbine exceeds a starting standard, the unit starting module starts the steam turbine, the steam rotating speed detecting device detects the rotating speed of the steam turbine, and the unit starting module adjusts the steam flow of the waste heat boiler according to the rotating speed of the steam turbine;
The unit starting module is internally provided with the standard rotating speed Vb and the standard rotating speed difference DeltaVb of the steam turbine, when the unit starting module judges that the steam turbine exceeds the starting standard, the steam rotating speed detecting device detects the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine, the unit starting module calculates the real-time rotating speed difference DeltaVt, deltaVt= |vb-Vt| of the steam turbine according to the standard rotating speed Vb of the steam turbine and the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine, the unit starting module compares the real-time rotating speed difference DeltaVt of the steam turbine with the standard rotating speed difference DeltaVb,
When delta Vt is less than or equal to delta Vb, the unit starting module judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is in a standard rotating speed range, and the steam flow of the waste heat boiler is not regulated;
When delta Vt is larger than delta Vb, the unit starting module judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is not in the standard rotating speed range, and the unit starting module compares the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine with the standard rotating speed Vb so as to adjust the steam flow of the waste heat boiler;
When the unit starting module judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine is not in the standard rotating speed range, the unit starting module compares the real-time rotating speed Vt of the steam turbine with the standard rotating speed Vb,
When Vt is smaller than Vb, the unit starting module judges that the real-time rotating speed of the steam turbine does not reach the standard rotating speed, the unit starting module stops starting the steam turbine, the steam flow detection device detects the real-time flow Ls 'of steam generated by the waste heat boiler until Ls' > L1, and the unit starting module restarts the steam turbine;
When Vt is larger than Vb, the unit starting module adjusts the steam flow generated by the waste heat boiler to be Ls '', ls '' = Lx [1- (Vt-Vb)/Vb ], and the unit starting module completes the starting of the generator unit.
2. The intelligent start-stop system of a generator set based on an APS controller according to claim 1, wherein a boiler start-up speed Vq is arranged in the generator set start-up module, the generator set start-up module controls the gas turbine to start, the gas rotation speed detection device detects a real-time rotation speed Vs of the gas turbine, the generator set start-up module compares the real-time rotation speed Vs with the boiler start-up speed Vq,
When Vs is smaller than Vq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler does not reach a starting standard, and the unit starting module judges the starting of the waste heat boiler according to the flue gas temperature generated by the gas turbine detected by the gas temperature detection device;
when Vs is larger than or equal to Vq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler reaches a starting standard, and the unit starting module starts the waste heat boiler.
3. The intelligent start-stop system of a generator set based on an APS controller according to claim 2, wherein the generator set start-up module is internally provided with a boiler start-up flue gas temperature Tq, when the generator set start-up module judges that the waste heat boiler does not reach a start-up standard, the gas temperature detection device detects the real-time temperature Ts of the flue gas generated by the gas turbine, the generator set start-up module compares the real-time temperature Ts of the flue gas with the boiler start-up flue gas temperature Tq,
When Ts is smaller than Tq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler does not reach a starting standard, and the waste heat boiler is not started;
When Ts is more than or equal to Tq, the unit starting module judges that the waste heat boiler reaches the starting standard, and the unit starting module starts the waste heat boiler.
4. The intelligent start-stop system of a generator set based on an APS controller according to claim 1, wherein a shutdown flue gas flow Le and a shutdown water temperature Te are arranged in the unit shutdown module, when the unit shutdown module turns off the gas turbine, the gas flow detection device detects the flue gas real-time flow Lr generated by the gas turbine, the unit shutdown module compares the flue gas real-time flow Lr with the shutdown flue gas flow Le,
When Lr is more than or equal to Le, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time flow of the flue gas does not reach the shutdown standard, and the waste heat boiler is not closed;
When Lr is less than Le, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time flow of the flue gas reaches a shutdown standard, and the waste heat boiler is closed;
When the waste heat boiler is closed, the water temperature detection device detects the real-time water temperature Tr in the waste heat boiler, the unit shutdown module compares the real-time water temperature Tr in the waste heat boiler with the shutdown water temperature Te,
When Tr is more than Te, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time water temperature in the waste heat boiler does not reach a shutdown standard, and does not shut down the steam turbine;
and when Tr is less than or equal to Te, the unit shutdown module judges that the real-time water temperature in the waste heat boiler reaches a shutdown standard, the steam turbine is closed, and the unit shutdown module finishes shutdown of the generator unit.
5. The APS controller-based intelligent start-stop system of generator set of claim 1, further comprising an initialization unit comprising a chemical water treatment module, an instrument air module, a hydrogen module.
6. The APS controller-based intelligent start-stop system of generator set of claim 1, wherein the auxiliary start-up module comprises an auxiliary steam device, a demineralized water device, a circulating water pump device, an open water device, a closed water device, a public device, a motor lubricating oil device, an EH oil device, a jigger device, and a condensate device; the boiler water injection module comprises a low-pressure steam drum water injection device and a high-and medium-pressure steam drum water injection device.
7. The intelligent start-stop system of a generator set based on an APS controller according to claim 1, wherein the load reduction module comprises a boiler drainage device, a turbine bypass device, a turbine drainage device and an auxiliary gland sealing steam supply device; the auxiliary shutdown module comprises a vacuum shutdown device, a public shutdown device and a condensate shutdown device.
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| CN202230373U (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2012-05-23 | 上海申能临港燃机发电有限公司 | Automatic power plant start up & shut down system of gas-steam combined cycle unit |
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| CN102393688B (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2015-03-18 | 上海申能临港燃机发电有限公司 | One-key start-stop control system for fuel gas and steam combined cycle unit |
| CN203962061U (en) * | 2014-07-21 | 2014-11-26 | 福建晋江天然气发电有限公司 | Utilize exhaust heat boiler that the Gas-steam Combined Cycle unit of auxiliary steam is provided |
| CN207538877U (en) * | 2017-11-25 | 2018-06-26 | 无锡西区燃气热电有限公司 | A kind of thermoelectricity Combined cycle gas-steam turbine unit APS control systems |
| CN209340010U (en) * | 2018-12-06 | 2019-09-03 | 国家电投集团周口燃气热电有限公司 | A kind of Gas-steam Combined Cycle thermoelectricity unit APS control system |
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| CN202230373U (en) * | 2011-09-16 | 2012-05-23 | 上海申能临港燃机发电有限公司 | Automatic power plant start up & shut down system of gas-steam combined cycle unit |
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