CN114063154A - Slip fault displacement amount calculation method, slip fault displacement amount calculation device, electronic apparatus, and medium - Google Patents
Slip fault displacement amount calculation method, slip fault displacement amount calculation device, electronic apparatus, and medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Disclosed are a method and a device for calculating the displacement of a slip layer, an electronic apparatus, and a medium. The method can comprise the following steps: calculating a seismic coherent data volume through the three-dimensional stack deviation data volume, and inputting a seismic reflection interpretation horizon of a fractured stratum of the slip fault; extracting seismic features along the seismic reflection horizon; determining a reference point for calculating the sliding displacement according to the seismic characteristics; and determining a corresponding point according to the reference point, and further calculating the displacement. According to the invention, through the characteristics of the seismic reflection wave group and various seismic attributes, the relative displacement of the two stratums of the low-order grade slip layer in the basin is quantitatively calculated by adopting the correlation calculation and analysis of seismic channels, and a scientific basis is provided for researching the slip layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of geoscience and seismic exploration, in particular to a method and a device for calculating a walk-slip fault displacement, electronic equipment and a medium.
Background
The Strike-Slip Fault is a general geologic structure phenomenon under the action of shear stress, and the Strike-Slip Fault (Strike-Slip Fault) refers to a Fault in which two broken block bodies basically generate relative displacement motion along a Strike, and is also called a Strike-Slip Fault or a translation Fault. The classification method of the walk-slide fault is various, and generally, the walk-slide fault can be divided into a left-turn walk-slide fault and a right-turn walk-slide fault according to the relative movement direction of two discs; the method can be divided into a positive slip fault and a negative slip fault according to the characteristics of the tendency stress component; and the method can be divided into conversion faults, adjustment faults and the like according to the correlation with other formation deformation in the same stress field. Sylvester (1988) proposed the classification of the walk-slip fault into two categories, inter-and intra-slab, in which faults between slabs are called translation faults, and the interior of slabs are limited to the earth's crust only, called transverse-thrust faults. Xiayi ping et al (2007) proposed that the strike-slip fault be divided into a plate-level strike-slip fault, a basin-level strike-slip fault, a zone-level strike-slip fault, a trap-level strike-slip fault, and a microscopic-level strike-slip fault in this order according to the size of the scale of the tectonic movement. Wherein the last three small-sized gliding faults all belong to the gliding faults of low order in the basin.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a slip fault bed fault.
Under the action of shear stress, the stratum of the two plates of the walk-slip fault, which is originally connected into a whole, is broken and moved, and the stratum and the geologic body of the two plates and various contained geologic phenomena are still remained on the two sides of the fault, as shown in fig. 1. All geological phenomena and characteristics of these strata and bodies include tectonic zones (tectonic units, stratigraphic relief, faults, folds, etc.), sedimentary facies zones (sectors, river channels, reefs, coal seams, salt beds, mud beds, etc.), stratigraphic changes (stratigraphic thickness, stratigraphic overburden, stratigraphic unconformity, stratigraphic pinches, etc.), lithogenic zones (karst, compacted zones, dolomitic rocks, etc.), ancient landforms, dikes (volcanic rocks, invaders, magma beds, etc.), metamorphic bodies, mineral zone bodies, etc., and all of these staggered characteristics are important references for estimation of sliding displacement.
The relative displacement (slip distance) of the slip fault can be determined by the staggered distance between the geological features of two disks of the fault and the identification marks, but the estimation of the relative displacement of the slip fault becomes very difficult because the geological identification marks on two sides are difficult to directly and accurately find. Therefore, estimation of the sliding displacement has been a difficult problem in the related field of sliding structure research for a long time. Literature search shows that the calculation method of the sliding displacement amount mainly comprises four methods at present: the method comprises a two-disc geological reference point comparison method, an ancient geomagnetism research method, a crustal deformation speed estimation method and a settlement rate and sliding rate relation method.
The two-disk geological reference point comparison method is to compare the characteristics of fault zones, fossil zones, lithofacies, lithologic zones or aeromagnetic abnormal zones and the like of the two disks of the fault along the trend, so as to find similar identification marks and calculate the relative displacement of the two disks according to the similar identification marks. This method is currently the most widely used, most straightforward one of the estimation methods. However, when this method is used, it is necessary to ensure the observability of the two-disk geologic bodies, including those directly exposed on the earth surface such as fault zone, fossil zone, etc., or indirectly reflected by geophysical methods such as aeromagnetic anomaly zone, etc. However, the core data of the well bore is very limited for the stratum deeply buried in the ground, and can be realized only by various observation data of the geophysical property. However, the accuracy of aeromagnetic anomaly detection is low, especially for deep formations.
The ancient geomagnetism method is that the ancient geomagnetism numerical values of the stratums of two disks in different periods are measured, the ancient latitudes of the two disks are converted and recovered according to the ancient geomagnetism numerical values, and then the relative moving direction and distance of the two disks of the fault in the period are calculated through comparison of the ancient latitudinal difference values. The method is more suitable for faults with large walking slip fault distance in the north-south direction. When the method is applied, the sampling and testing precision is high, and each sampled rock has more accurate chronological data.
The crust deformation speed estimation method considers the accumulation of the speed difference and the time of the crust deformation of the two discs of the walk-slip fault to be the relative displacement of the two discs of the fault. Obviously, the method not only needs to comprehensively figure out the structural evolution process of the slip fault, but also needs to accurately determine the size of the deformation speed of the crust of two discs in each structural period.
The relation method of the sedimentation rate and the sliding rate is to deduce the relation between the sliding rate and the sedimentation rate of the basin in the sliding-away and drawing basin through theoretical models or experimental simulation researches, namely the sliding rate has a certain numerical relation with the geometric parameters, the maximum sedimentation depth and the sedimentation rate of the basin. Therefore, the accumulated sliding displacement of the sliding basin can be estimated on the premise of recovering the sedimentation history of the sliding basin. Obviously, this method has high requirements for both models and experimental simulations.
Of the four methods, the last two methods are mainly for giant glide fractures above the basin level, while the first two methods are suitable for glide faults of different scales, wherein the two-disk geological reference point comparison method is most commonly applied, but reference characteristic marks of the two methods are often difficult to obtain. Generally, the prior art methods have the precondition of limitation and complexity, and have poor practicability.
Therefore, it is necessary to develop a method, an apparatus, an electronic device, and a medium for calculating the displacement of a low-order slip layer in a pot.
The information disclosed in this background section is only for enhancement of understanding of the general background of the invention and should not be taken as an acknowledgement or any form of suggestion that this information forms the prior art already known to a person skilled in the art.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a method, a device, electronic equipment and a medium for calculating the displacement of a walk-sliding fault, which can quantitatively calculate the relative displacement of two stratums of a low-order walk-sliding fault in a basin by adopting correlation calculation and analysis of seismic channels through seismic reflection wave group characteristics and various seismic attribute characteristics, and provide scientific basis for researching the walk-sliding fault.
In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a method for calculating a slip fault displacement amount, including:
calculating a seismic coherent data volume through the three-dimensional stack deviation data volume, and inputting a seismic reflection interpretation horizon of a fractured stratum of the slip fault;
extracting seismic features along the seismic reflection horizon;
determining a reference point for calculating the sliding displacement according to the seismic features;
and determining a corresponding point according to the reference point, and further calculating the displacement.
Preferably, computing the seismic coherence data volume from the three-dimensional stack-bias data volume comprises:
respectively calculating the cross-correlation coefficients of the three-dimensional overlay deviation data body in the longitudinal line direction and the transverse line direction;
and calculating the seismic coherence value of the three-dimensional stack deviation data volume at each time point to obtain the seismic coherence data volume.
Preferably, the seismic coherence value of the three-dimensional fold offset data volume at each time point is calculated by formula (1):
wherein, CxyIs the seismic coherence value, maxC, of the three-dimensional stack-bias data volume at time point tx(t,n,xi,yi) Searching the maximum correlation value, maxC, of the time shift n in the time window for the longitudinal directiony(t,m,xi,yi) And searching the maximum correlation value of the time shift m in the time window for the transverse line direction.
Preferably, extracting seismic features along the seismic reflection horizons comprises:
extracting an along-layer coherent slice from the seismic coherent data volume along the seismic reflection horizon to obtain the plane spread condition of the walking-sliding fracture;
and extracting seismic facies slices deposited along the stratum along the seismic reflection horizon to obtain the plane spread condition of the stratum deposition-seismic facies characteristics.
Preferably, according to the reference point, determining the corresponding point comprises:
directly searching the corresponding point with the closest sedimentary seismic facies characteristics according to the other plate where the reference point is located and sliding and breaking;
and if the corresponding point cannot be directly determined, determining the corresponding point through a seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph.
Preferably, determining the corresponding point from the seismic trace correlation coefficient plot comprises:
calculating the seismic correlation coefficient of the seismic channel reflection wave group at the position of the reference point by point from the seismic stack deviation data body according to the other plate where the reference point is located and the sliding fracture, and obtaining a seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph;
and determining the seismic channel position corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient value as the corresponding point of the reference point according to the seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph.
Preferably, the displacement amount is calculated by a coordinate distance calculation formula from the reference point and the corresponding point.
As a specific implementation of the embodiments of the present disclosure,
in a second aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides a slip fault displacement amount calculation apparatus, including:
the data input module is used for calculating a seismic coherent data volume through the three-dimensional stacking deviation data volume and inputting a seismic reflection interpretation horizon of the fractured through stratum of the slip fault;
a seismic feature extraction module that extracts seismic features along the seismic reflection horizon;
the reference point determining module is used for determining a reference point for calculating the sliding displacement according to the seismic characteristics;
and the calculation module is used for determining a corresponding point according to the reference point and further calculating the displacement.
Preferably, computing the seismic coherence data volume from the three-dimensional stack-bias data volume comprises:
respectively calculating the cross-correlation coefficients of the three-dimensional overlay deviation data body in the longitudinal line direction and the transverse line direction;
and calculating the seismic coherence value of the three-dimensional stack deviation data volume at each time point to obtain the seismic coherence data volume.
Preferably, the seismic coherence value of the three-dimensional fold offset data volume at each time point is calculated by formula (1):
wherein, CxyIs the seismic coherence value, maxC, of the three-dimensional stack-bias data volume at time point tx(t,n,xi,yi) Searching the maximum correlation value, maxC, of the time shift n in the time window for the longitudinal directiony(t,m,xi,yi) And searching the maximum correlation value of the time shift m in the time window for the transverse line direction.
Preferably, extracting seismic features along the seismic reflection horizons comprises:
extracting an along-layer coherent slice from the seismic coherent data volume along the seismic reflection horizon to obtain the plane spread condition of the walking-sliding fracture;
and extracting seismic facies slices deposited along the stratum along the seismic reflection horizon to obtain the plane spread condition of the stratum deposition-seismic facies characteristics.
Preferably, according to the reference point, determining the corresponding point comprises:
directly searching the corresponding point with the closest sedimentary seismic facies characteristics according to the other plate where the reference point is located and sliding and breaking;
and if the corresponding point cannot be directly determined, determining the corresponding point through a seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph.
Preferably, determining the corresponding point from the seismic trace correlation coefficient plot comprises:
calculating the seismic correlation coefficient of the seismic channel reflection wave group at the position of the reference point by point from the seismic stack deviation data body according to the other plate where the reference point is located and the sliding fracture, and obtaining a seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph;
and determining the seismic channel position corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient value as the corresponding point of the reference point according to the seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph.
Preferably, the displacement amount is calculated by a coordinate distance calculation formula from the reference point and the corresponding point.
In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present disclosure further provides an electronic device, where the electronic device includes:
a memory storing executable instructions;
a processor executing the executable instructions in the memory to implement the slip fault displacement amount calculation method.
In a fourth aspect, the disclosed embodiments also provide a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program, which when executed by a processor implements the slip fault displacement amount calculation method.
The method and apparatus of the present invention have other features and advantages which will be apparent from or are set forth in detail in the accompanying drawings and the following detailed description, which are incorporated herein, and which together serve to explain certain principles of the invention.
Drawings
The above and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more apparent by describing in more detail exemplary embodiments thereof with reference to the attached drawings, in which like reference numerals generally represent like parts.
FIG. 1 shows a schematic diagram of a slip fault bed fault.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the use of three-dimensional seismic data to achieve an estimate of the amount of travel glide fault displacement, according to one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 3 shows a flowchart of the steps of a slip fault displacement amount calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 shows a schematic of three-dimensional seismic data along slice coherence, according to one embodiment of the invention.
FIGS. 5a and 5b are diagrams illustrating the result of maximum correlation coefficient of seismic traces computed using 2 different reference points, respectively, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the results of calculating the displacement of an actual strike-slip layer in seismic data according to one embodiment of the invention.
Fig. 7 shows a block diagram of a slip fault displacement amount calculation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
Description of reference numerals:
201. a data input module; 202. a seismic feature extraction module; 203. a reference point determination module; 204. and a calculation module.
Detailed Description
Preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in more detail below. While the following describes preferred embodiments of the present invention, it should be understood that the present invention may be embodied in various forms and should not be limited by the embodiments set forth herein.
The relative displacement of the two plates of the walk-slip fault can be estimated by the staggered distance between the geological features of the stratums of the two plates of the fault and the identification marks. However, the key to the realization is that the geological feature mark which can be used for reference can be accurately found in both discs, and the prior art methods are difficult to meet the requirement, especially for the deep buried underground stratum.
Adjacent underground stratums before the deviated strike-slip fault are all geologic bodies formed under the same environment and the same geological conditions, so that the adjacent underground stratums have the same geological characteristics; and the original geological features of the same root and the same source are still retained by the bodies which belong to two plates after the dislocation and the displacement of the slipped fault. The seismic reflection response characteristics are indirect reflection of various underground geological characteristics, and corresponding seismic reflection response characteristics can be found for different geological characteristics on the premise of seismic distinguishability, so that strata staggered by a walk-slip fault and having the same geological characteristics can correspondingly search similar characteristic marks in seismic reflection of corresponding strata.
FIG. 2 shows a schematic diagram of the use of three-dimensional seismic data to achieve an estimate of the amount of travel glide fault displacement, according to one embodiment of the invention.
The invention adopts a technical method to determine the position of the walk-slip fault in the three-dimensional seismic data, and searches the position of the most similar point from the seismic data of another disk according to the selected seismic reference point and the characteristics thereof in any disk of the walk-slip fault, the most similar point is the position of a set of adjacent points of the stratum at the same position as the reference point after being staggered, and the relative walk-slip displacement of the two disks can be calculated according to the position coordinates of the reference point and the original adjacent points. As shown in fig. 2, a part of a three-dimensional seismic data body and a side section thereof are intercepted, two vertical directions of a top surface respectively represent the line (Inline) direction and the track (Crossline) direction of the three-dimensional seismic data, each black dot of the top surface corresponds to one seismic data, a transverse line with a bold cross line represents a walk-slip fault recognized by seismic coherence, the side surface is a seismic reflection track, and the positions of 2 similar seismic reflection wave groups with bold side surfaces correspond to the positions of two adjacent points of the same set of stratum after being staggered by two plates of the walk-slip fault (star points are marked as reference points, and star points with circular rings are marked as corresponding points adjacent to the reference points).
The invention provides a method for calculating the displacement of a walk-slip fault, which comprises the following steps:
calculating a seismic coherent data volume through the three-dimensional stack deviation data volume, and inputting a seismic reflection interpretation horizon of a fractured stratum of the slip fault; in one example, computing a seismic coherent data volume from a three-dimensional stack-bias data volume includes: respectively calculating cross correlation coefficients of the three-dimensional overlay data body in the longitudinal line direction and the transverse line direction; and calculating the seismic coherence value of the three-dimensional stack deviation data volume at each time point to obtain a seismic coherence data volume.
In one example, the seismic coherence value of the three-dimensional fold-bias data volume at each time point is calculated by equation (1):
wherein, CxyIs the seismic coherence value, maxC, of the three-dimensional stack-bias data volume at time point tx(t,n,xi,yi) Searching the maximum correlation value, maxC, of the time shift n in the time window for the longitudinal directiony(t,m,xi,yi) And searching the maximum correlation value of the time shift m in the time window for the transverse line direction.
Specifically, any two points A (X) in the longitudinal line direction (corresponding to the X axis) of the three-dimensional seismic stack-offset data volumei,yi) And B (x)i+1,yi) Cross correlation coefficient C at a time t of seismic trace s and a time shift of nxComprises the following steps:
similarly, any two points A (x) in the horizontal line direction (corresponding to Y axis) of the three-dimensional seismic stack offset data volumei,yi) And C (x)i,yi+1) Cross correlation coefficient C at time shift m for seismic trace s at a time tyComprises the following steps:
in the above two formulas, the length of the correlation time window is 2 ω +1, and the time shift n and m are respectively approximate to the formation time dip angle on the vertical and horizontal lines.
Then using formula (1) to take geometric mean value C of the correlation values of the longitudinal and transverse adjacent seismic channelsxyAnd obtaining the seismic coherence value of the point A of the three-dimensional seismic stack-offset data volume at t time, and thus obtaining the coherence value of each time point of the whole three-dimensional data volume point by point in sequence to obtain the three-dimensional seismic coherence data volume.
Extracting seismic features along the seismic reflection horizon; in one example, extracting seismic features along seismic reflection horizons includes: extracting an edge-layer coherent slice from the seismic coherent data volume along the seismic reflection horizon to obtain the plane spread condition of the walking-sliding fracture; and extracting seismic facies slices deposited along the stratum along the seismic reflection horizon to obtain the plane spread condition of the stratum deposition-seismic facies characteristics.
And determining a reference point for calculating the sliding displacement according to the seismic characteristics.
Specifically, a reference point is determined according to the glide fracture plane spread characteristics obtained by seismic coherent slicing and by integrating stratigraphic depositional-seismic facies plane characteristics, and is generally selected on one side near the glide fracture, wherein the closer to the fracture, the better, but not on the fracture zone. Furthermore, the reference point is preferably selected at a position on the stratigraphic depositional-seismic facies plan where the typical depositional phenomena (such as river channels, volcanoes, salt domes, etc.) exist, so that the corresponding point can be quickly and accurately found at the other side of the fracture.
And determining a corresponding point according to the reference point, and further calculating the displacement. In one example, from the reference points, determining the corresponding points comprises: directly searching the corresponding point with the most similar sedimentary seismic facies characteristics according to the other plate where the reference point is located and sliding and breaking; and if the corresponding point cannot be directly determined, determining the corresponding point through the seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph.
In one example, determining the corresponding points from the trace correlation coefficient plot includes: calculating the seismic correlation coefficient of the seismic channel reflection wave group at the position of the reference point by point from the seismic stack deviation data body according to the other plate of the sliding fracture where the reference point is located, and obtaining a seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph; and determining the corresponding point of which the seismic channel position corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient value is the reference point according to the seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph.
In one example, the displacement amount is calculated by a coordinate distance calculation formula from the reference point and the corresponding point.
Specifically, according to the walk-slip fracture and stratum seismic sedimentary distribution characteristics, searching for the most similar corresponding point of the sedimentary seismic facies characteristics on the other plate of the walk-slip fracture where the reference point is located; if the corresponding point of the reference point can be accurately found, the displacement of the walk-slide fault on the selected stratum can be directly obtained by using a two-point coordinate distance calculation formula according to the positions of the two points; if the corresponding point of the reference point cannot be directly found, extracting the seismic wave group characteristics at the position of the reference point, calculating the seismic correlation coefficient of the seismic channel reflection wave group at the position of the reference point by point from the seismic folded offset data volume along another disc of the reference point to obtain a seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph, finding the seismic channel position point corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient value, and marking the seismic channel position point as the corresponding point of the reference point, wherein the correlation coefficient is generally more than 60%. Similarly, the displacement of the slip fault on the selected stratum is calculated by a two-point coordinate distance formula.
The present invention also provides a slip fault displacement amount calculation device including:
and the data input module is used for calculating a seismic coherent data volume through the three-dimensional stacking deviation data volume and inputting a seismic reflection interpretation horizon of the broken through stratum of the slip fault. In one example, computing a seismic coherent data volume from a three-dimensional stack-bias data volume includes: respectively calculating cross correlation coefficients of the three-dimensional overlay data body in the longitudinal line direction and the transverse line direction; and calculating the seismic coherence value of the three-dimensional stack deviation data volume at each time point to obtain a seismic coherence data volume.
In one example, the seismic coherence value of the three-dimensional fold-bias data volume at each time point is calculated by equation (1):
wherein, CxyIs the seismic coherence value, maxC, of the three-dimensional stack-bias data volume at time point tx(t,n,xi,yi) Searching the maximum correlation value, maxC, of the time shift n in the time window for the longitudinal directiony(t,m,xi,yi) And searching the maximum correlation value of the time shift m in the time window for the transverse line direction.
Specifically, any two points A (X) in the longitudinal line direction (corresponding to the X axis) of the three-dimensional seismic stack-offset data volumei,yi) And B (x)i+1,yi) Cross correlation coefficient C at a time t of seismic trace s and a time shift of nxIs formula (2).
Similarly, any two points A (x) in the horizontal line direction (corresponding to Y axis) of the three-dimensional seismic stack offset data volumei,yi) And C (x)i,yi+1) Cross correlation coefficient C at time shift m for seismic trace s at a time tyIs formula (3).
In the above two formulas, the length of the correlation time window is 2 ω +1, and the time shift n and m are respectively approximate to the formation time dip angle on the vertical and horizontal lines.
Then using formula (1) to take geometric mean value C of the correlation values of the longitudinal and transverse adjacent seismic channelsxyObtaining the seismic coherence of the point A of the three-dimensional seismic stack offset data volume at t timeAnd (4) sequentially calculating the coherent value of each time point of the whole three-dimensional data volume point by point to obtain the three-dimensional seismic coherent data volume.
A seismic feature extraction module that extracts seismic features along seismic reflection horizons; in one example, extracting seismic features along seismic reflection horizons includes: extracting an edge-layer coherent slice from the seismic coherent data volume along the seismic reflection horizon to obtain the plane spread condition of the walking-sliding fracture; and extracting seismic facies slices deposited along the stratum along the seismic reflection horizon to obtain the plane spread condition of the stratum deposition-seismic facies characteristics.
And the reference point determining module is used for determining a reference point for calculating the sliding displacement according to the seismic characteristics.
Specifically, a reference point is determined according to the glide fracture plane spread characteristics obtained by seismic coherent slicing and by integrating stratigraphic depositional-seismic facies plane characteristics, and is generally selected on one side near the glide fracture, wherein the closer to the fracture, the better, but not on the fracture zone. Furthermore, the reference point is preferably selected at a position on the stratigraphic depositional-seismic facies plan where the typical depositional phenomena (such as river channels, volcanoes, salt domes, etc.) exist, so that the corresponding point can be quickly and accurately found at the other side of the fracture.
And the calculation module determines a corresponding point according to the reference point, and further calculates the displacement. In one example, from the reference points, determining the corresponding points comprises: directly searching the corresponding point with the most similar sedimentary seismic facies characteristics according to the other plate where the reference point is located and sliding and breaking; and if the corresponding point cannot be directly determined, determining the corresponding point through the seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph.
In one example, determining the corresponding points from the trace correlation coefficient plot includes: calculating the seismic correlation coefficient of the seismic channel reflection wave group at the position of the reference point by point from the seismic stack deviation data body according to the other plate of the sliding fracture where the reference point is located, and obtaining a seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph; and determining the corresponding point of which the seismic channel position corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient value is the reference point according to the seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph.
In one example, the displacement amount is calculated by a coordinate distance calculation formula from the reference point and the corresponding point.
Specifically, according to the walk-slip fracture and stratum seismic sedimentary distribution characteristics, searching for the most similar corresponding point of the sedimentary seismic facies characteristics on the other plate of the walk-slip fracture where the reference point is located; if the corresponding point of the reference point can be accurately found, the displacement of the walk-slide fault on the selected stratum can be directly obtained by using a two-point coordinate distance calculation formula according to the positions of the two points; if the corresponding point of the reference point cannot be directly found, extracting the seismic wave group characteristics at the position of the reference point, calculating the seismic correlation coefficient of the seismic channel reflection wave group at the position of the reference point by point from the seismic folded offset data volume along another disc of the reference point to obtain a seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph, finding the seismic channel position point corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient value, and marking the seismic channel position point as the corresponding point of the reference point, wherein the correlation coefficient is generally more than 60%. Similarly, the displacement of the slip fault on the selected stratum is calculated by a two-point coordinate distance formula.
The present invention also provides an electronic device, comprising: a memory storing executable instructions; and the processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to realize the slip fault displacement calculation method.
The present invention also provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the above-described walk-slip fault displacement amount calculation method.
To facilitate understanding of the scheme of the embodiments of the present invention and the effects thereof, four specific application examples are given below. It will be understood by those skilled in the art that this example is merely for the purpose of facilitating an understanding of the present invention and that any specific details thereof are not intended to limit the invention in any way.
Example 1
Fig. 3 shows a flowchart of the steps of a slip fault displacement amount calculation method according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 3, the slip fault displacement amount calculation method includes: step 101, calculating a seismic coherent data volume through a three-dimensional stack deviation data volume, and inputting a seismic reflection interpretation horizon of a broken through stratum of a slip fault; step 102, extracting seismic features along a seismic reflection horizon; step 103, determining a reference point for calculating the sliding displacement according to the seismic characteristics; and step 104, determining a corresponding point according to the reference point, and further calculating the displacement.
FIG. 4 shows a schematic of three-dimensional seismic data along slice coherence, according to one embodiment of the invention.
FIGS. 5a and 5b are diagrams illustrating the result of maximum correlation coefficient of seismic traces computed using 2 different reference points, respectively, according to one embodiment of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a coherent slice of a three-dimensional seismic data volume along a seismic reflection horizon of a layer (e.g., H1), wherein the vertical black line on the right side of the slice is an artificially set walk-slip layer along which seismic traces on the left and right sides of the three-dimensional seismic data are considered to be displaced by 50 traces. Fig. 5a and 5b show that the seismic trace correlation coefficient curves calculated by selecting 2 different reference points respectively by applying the method of the present invention, it can be easily seen that the displacement calculated according to the corresponding point of the maximum correlation value found by the 2 correlation coefficient curves is 1250 meters, 50 traces, and the seismic trace interval is 25 meters. This is completely consistent with the result manually set in advance, thereby verifying the reliability and accuracy of the estimation result of the method of the invention.
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the results of calculating the displacement of an actual strike-slip layer in seismic data according to one embodiment of the invention.
In fig. 4, the left oblique black line is an actual slip fault obtained by slicing the seismic data coherent body, and the calculation result shows that the two disks of the slip fault are relatively displaced by 4 seismic traces at an interval of 25 meters, so that the displacement of the slip fault is estimated to be 100 meters, as shown in fig. 6. The displacement estimated by the invention is consistent with the grade of the strike-slip fault and the activity intensity of the geological structure in the region.
Example 2
Fig. 7 shows a block diagram of a slip fault displacement amount calculation apparatus according to an embodiment of the present invention.
As shown in fig. 7, the slip fault displacement amount calculation device includes:
the data input module 201 is used for calculating a seismic coherent data volume through the three-dimensional stacking deviation data volume and inputting a seismic reflection interpretation horizon of a broken through stratum of the slip fault;
a seismic feature extraction module 202 that extracts seismic features along seismic reflection horizons;
the reference point determining module 203 is used for determining a reference point for calculating the sliding displacement according to the seismic characteristics;
the calculating module 204 determines a corresponding point according to the reference point, and further calculates a displacement amount.
Alternatively, computing a seismic coherence data volume from a three-dimensional stack-bias data volume comprises:
respectively calculating cross correlation coefficients of the three-dimensional overlay data body in the longitudinal line direction and the transverse line direction;
and calculating the seismic coherence value of the three-dimensional stack deviation data volume at each time point to obtain a seismic coherence data volume.
Alternatively, the seismic coherence value of the three-dimensional fold-bias data volume at each time point is calculated by formula (1):
wherein, CxyIs the seismic coherence value, maxC, of the three-dimensional stack-bias data volume at time point tx(t,n,xi,yi) Searching the maximum correlation value, maxC, of the time shift n in the time window for the longitudinal directiony(t,m,xi,yi) And searching the maximum correlation value of the time shift m in the time window for the transverse line direction.
Alternatively, extracting seismic features along the seismic reflection horizons comprises:
extracting an edge-layer coherent slice from the seismic coherent data volume along the seismic reflection horizon to obtain the plane spread condition of the walking-sliding fracture;
and extracting seismic facies slices deposited along the stratum along the seismic reflection horizon to obtain the plane spread condition of the stratum deposition-seismic facies characteristics.
Alternatively, determining the corresponding point from the reference points comprises:
directly searching the corresponding point with the most similar sedimentary seismic facies characteristics according to the other plate where the reference point is located and sliding and breaking;
and if the corresponding point cannot be directly determined, determining the corresponding point through the seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph.
Alternatively, determining the corresponding points from the seismic trace correlation coefficient plot comprises:
calculating the seismic correlation coefficient of the seismic channel reflection wave group at the position of the reference point by point from the seismic stack deviation data body according to the other plate of the sliding fracture where the reference point is located, and obtaining a seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph;
and determining the corresponding point of which the seismic channel position corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient value is the reference point according to the seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph.
Alternatively, the displacement amount is calculated by a coordinate distance calculation formula from the reference point and the corresponding point.
Example 3
The present disclosure provides an electronic device including: a memory storing executable instructions; and the processor runs the executable instructions in the memory to realize the slip fault displacement calculation method.
An electronic device according to an embodiment of the present disclosure includes a memory and a processor.
The memory is to store non-transitory computer readable instructions. In particular, the memory may include one or more computer program products that may include various forms of computer-readable storage media, such as volatile memory and/or non-volatile memory. The volatile memory may include, for example, Random Access Memory (RAM), cache memory (cache), and/or the like. The non-volatile memory may include, for example, Read Only Memory (ROM), hard disk, flash memory, etc.
The processor may be a Central Processing Unit (CPU) or other form of processing unit having data processing capabilities and/or instruction execution capabilities, and may control other components in the electronic device to perform desired functions. In one embodiment of the disclosure, the processor is configured to execute the computer readable instructions stored in the memory.
Those skilled in the art should understand that, in order to solve the technical problem of how to obtain a good user experience, the present embodiment may also include well-known structures such as a communication bus, an interface, and the like, and these well-known structures should also be included in the protection scope of the present disclosure.
For the detailed description of the present embodiment, reference may be made to the corresponding descriptions in the foregoing embodiments, which are not repeated herein.
Example 4
An embodiment of the present disclosure provides a computer-readable storage medium storing a computer program that, when executed by a processor, implements the slip fault displacement amount calculation method.
A computer-readable storage medium according to an embodiment of the present disclosure has non-transitory computer-readable instructions stored thereon. The non-transitory computer readable instructions, when executed by a processor, perform all or a portion of the steps of the methods of the embodiments of the disclosure previously described.
The computer-readable storage media include, but are not limited to: optical storage media (e.g., CD-ROMs and DVDs), magneto-optical storage media (e.g., MOs), magnetic storage media (e.g., magnetic tapes or removable disks), media with built-in rewritable non-volatile memory (e.g., memory cards), and media with built-in ROMs (e.g., ROM cartridges).
It will be appreciated by persons skilled in the art that the above description of embodiments of the invention is intended only to illustrate the benefits of embodiments of the invention and is not intended to limit embodiments of the invention to any examples given.
Having described embodiments of the present invention, the foregoing description is intended to be exemplary, not exhaustive, and not limited to the embodiments disclosed. Many modifications and variations will be apparent to those of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the scope and spirit of the described embodiments.
Claims (10)
1. A method for calculating a slip fault displacement amount, comprising:
calculating a seismic coherent data volume through the three-dimensional stack deviation data volume, and inputting a seismic reflection interpretation horizon of a fractured stratum of the slip fault;
extracting seismic features along the seismic reflection horizon;
determining a reference point for calculating the sliding displacement according to the seismic features;
and determining a corresponding point according to the reference point, and further calculating the displacement.
2. The walk-behind slip fault displacement amount calculation method according to claim 1, wherein calculating the seismic coherence data volume by a three-dimensional stack-up offset data volume includes:
respectively calculating the cross-correlation coefficients of the three-dimensional overlay deviation data body in the longitudinal line direction and the transverse line direction;
and calculating the seismic coherence value of the three-dimensional stack deviation data volume at each time point to obtain the seismic coherence data volume.
3. The walk-behind slip fault displacement amount calculation method according to claim 2, wherein the seismic coherence value of the three-dimensional stack-offset data volume at each time point is calculated by formula (1):
wherein, CxyIs the seismic coherence value, maxC, of the three-dimensional stack-bias data volume at time point tx(t,n,xi,yi) Searching the maximum correlation value, maxC, of the time shift n in the time window for the longitudinal directiony(t,m,xi,yi) And searching the maximum correlation value of the time shift m in the time window for the transverse line direction.
4. The walk-behind slip fault displacement amount calculation method according to claim 1, wherein extracting seismic features along the seismic reflection horizons comprises:
extracting an along-layer coherent slice from the seismic coherent data volume along the seismic reflection horizon to obtain the plane spread condition of the walking-sliding fracture;
and extracting seismic facies slices deposited along the stratum along the seismic reflection horizon to obtain the plane spread condition of the stratum deposition-seismic facies characteristics.
5. The walk-behind slip fault displacement amount calculation method according to claim 1, wherein determining, from the reference point, a corresponding point includes:
directly searching the corresponding point with the closest sedimentary seismic facies characteristics according to the other plate where the reference point is located and sliding and breaking;
and if the corresponding point cannot be directly determined, determining the corresponding point through a seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph.
6. The walk-behind slip fault displacement amount calculation method according to claim 5, wherein determining the corresponding point by a seismic trace correlation coefficient graph comprises:
calculating the seismic correlation coefficient of the seismic channel reflection wave group at the position of the reference point by point from the seismic stack deviation data body according to the other plate where the reference point is located and the sliding fracture, and obtaining a seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph;
and determining the seismic channel position corresponding to the maximum correlation coefficient value as the corresponding point of the reference point according to the seismic channel correlation coefficient curve graph.
7. The walk-behind slip fault displacement amount calculation method according to claim 5 or 6, wherein the displacement amount is calculated by a coordinate distance calculation formula from the reference point and the corresponding point.
8. A slip fault displacement amount calculation apparatus, comprising:
the data input module is used for calculating a seismic coherent data volume through the three-dimensional stacking deviation data volume and inputting a seismic reflection interpretation horizon of the fractured through stratum of the slip fault;
a seismic feature extraction module that extracts seismic features along the seismic reflection horizon;
the reference point determining module is used for determining a reference point for calculating the sliding displacement according to the seismic characteristics;
and the calculation module is used for determining a corresponding point according to the reference point and further calculating the displacement.
9. An electronic device, characterized in that the electronic device comprises:
a memory storing executable instructions;
a processor executing the executable instructions in the memory to implement the slip fault displacement amount calculation method of any one of claims 1-7.
10. A computer-readable storage medium characterized by storing a computer program which, when executed by a processor, implements the slip fault displacement amount calculation method according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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