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CN114054958A - Laser cladding-double-wire CMT arc wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system - Google Patents

Laser cladding-double-wire CMT arc wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system Download PDF

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Publication number
CN114054958A
CN114054958A CN202110735518.XA CN202110735518A CN114054958A CN 114054958 A CN114054958 A CN 114054958A CN 202110735518 A CN202110735518 A CN 202110735518A CN 114054958 A CN114054958 A CN 114054958A
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additive
wire
cmt
laser
double
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王克鸿
陈振文
彭勇
周琦
王波
杨海东
刘朋飞
崔岩
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Foshan National Defense Science And Technology Industrial Technology Achievement Industrialization Application And Promotion Center
Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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Foshan National Defense Science And Technology Industrial Technology Achievement Industrialization Application And Promotion Center
Nanjing University of Science and Technology
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    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/346—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding
    • B23K26/348—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring in combination with welding or cutting covered by groups B23K5/00 - B23K25/00, e.g. in combination with resistance welding in combination with arc heating, e.g. TIG [tungsten inert gas], MIG [metal inert gas] or plasma welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/20—Direct sintering or melting
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F10/00—Additive manufacturing of workpieces or articles from metallic powder
    • B22F10/80—Data acquisition or data processing
    • B22F10/85—Data acquisition or data processing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/40—Radiation means
    • B22F12/41—Radiation means characterised by the type, e.g. laser or electron beam
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B22—CASTING; POWDER METALLURGY
    • B22F—WORKING METALLIC POWDER; MANUFACTURE OF ARTICLES FROM METALLIC POWDER; MAKING METALLIC POWDER; APPARATUS OR DEVICES SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR METALLIC POWDER
    • B22F12/00—Apparatus or devices specially adapted for additive manufacturing; Auxiliary means for additive manufacturing; Combinations of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/80—Plants, production lines or modules
    • B22F12/82—Combination of additive manufacturing apparatus or devices with other processing apparatus or devices
    • B22F12/84—Parallel processing within single device
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K26/00—Working by laser beam, e.g. welding, cutting or boring
    • B23K26/34—Laser welding for purposes other than joining
    • B23K26/342—Build-up welding
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/04—Welding for other purposes than joining, e.g. built-up welding
    • B23K9/044—Built-up welding on three-dimensional surfaces
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B23—MACHINE TOOLS; METAL-WORKING NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
    • B23K—SOLDERING OR UNSOLDERING; WELDING; CLADDING OR PLATING BY SOLDERING OR WELDING; CUTTING BY APPLYING HEAT LOCALLY, e.g. FLAME CUTTING; WORKING BY LASER BEAM
    • B23K9/00—Arc welding or cutting
    • B23K9/095—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters
    • B23K9/0953—Monitoring or automatic control of welding parameters using computing means
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y10/00—Processes of additive manufacturing
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y30/00—Apparatus for additive manufacturing; Details thereof or accessories therefor
    • B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
    • B33—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING TECHNOLOGY
    • B33Y—ADDITIVE MANUFACTURING, i.e. MANUFACTURING OF THREE-DIMENSIONAL [3-D] OBJECTS BY ADDITIVE DEPOSITION, ADDITIVE AGGLOMERATION OR ADDITIVE LAYERING, e.g. BY 3-D PRINTING, STEREOLITHOGRAPHY OR SELECTIVE LASER SINTERING
    • B33Y50/00—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing
    • B33Y50/02—Data acquisition or data processing for additive manufacturing for controlling or regulating additive manufacturing processes
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
    • Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
    • Y02P10/25—Process efficiency

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  • Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
  • Materials Engineering (AREA)
  • Physics & Mathematics (AREA)
  • Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
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Abstract

本发明提供一种激光熔覆‑双丝CMT丝粉复合增材异质构件制造系统，通过电弧焊枪与激光焊枪连接及控制装置将CMT双丝焊枪与激光熔覆焊枪装备在同一机器臂上，并使两焊枪底部保持同一平面上，通过增材控制系统，实现两种焊枪的协同控制，同时装备不同丝材和金属粉末，实现激光、CMT、激光‑CMT三种丝粉复合增材工艺，根据异质构件的精度、性能及材料要求，通过增材控制系统和分层建模与智能规划软件系统，生成增材方案，交替使用三种不同工艺整体增材多种材料复合的高性能构件，该增材系统集电弧增材高效率及激光增材高精度优点于一体，降低了生产成本，提高了增材精度和效率，同时实现了在一套设备上一体化增材制造多种金属材料复合的大型复杂异质构件。The invention provides a laser cladding-double-wire CMT wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system. The CMT double-wire welding gun and the laser cladding welding gun are equipped on the same robot arm through the connection of the arc welding gun and the laser welding gun and a control device, The bottoms of the two welding torches are kept on the same plane, and the additive control system is used to realize the coordinated control of the two welding torches. At the same time, different wire materials and metal powders are equipped to realize the three wire-powder composite additive processes of laser, CMT, and laser-CMT. According to the accuracy, performance and material requirements of heterogeneous components, through the additive control system and the layered modeling and intelligent planning software system, an additive plan is generated, and three different processes are used alternately to build high-performance components composed of multiple materials as a whole. , the additive system integrates the advantages of arc additive high efficiency and laser additive high precision, reduces production costs, improves additive accuracy and efficiency, and realizes the integrated additive manufacturing of multiple metals on one set of equipment. Large and complex heterogeneous components with composite materials.

Description

Laser cladding-double-wire CMT arc wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of multi-heat-source multi-material additive manufacturing, in particular to a laser cladding-double-wire CMT arc wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system.
Background
The additive manufacturing technology is a rapid forming technology which is based on a discrete-accumulation principle, is driven by three-dimensional data of parts, and utilizes a high-energy beam to connect powder or wire materials layer by layer through a melting method to manufacture solid parts.
At present, metal additive mainly takes laser, electric arc and electron beam heat source additive as main materials. The laser additive has the advantages that the laser beam energy is concentrated, the stability of the additive process is good, the surface forming quality of a sample piece after additive is good, the forming precision is high, the laser additive is influenced by the high power and the high price of a laser, and the problems of low additive efficiency and high production cost exist; the electric arc material increasing technology is simple in equipment and high in material increasing efficiency, local protection can be achieved in the forming process without sealing bin protection (except for partial metal), the material increasing cost is low, mixed manufacturing of various materials can be achieved, and the electric arc material increasing technology is particularly suitable for manufacturing large-size components. The electron beam additive requires a vacuum environment, and the size and shape of the additive component are often influenced by the vacuum chamber during additive manufacturing. Therefore, arc and laser additive techniques are often used in the additive manufacturing of large complex metal components.
The composite structural member has the advantages of high specific strength, high specific modulus, high impact resistance, fatigue resistance and the like due to the unique material and structural characteristics, and has wide application prospect in the aspects of aerospace, high-end equipment and military weapons. At present, the complex metal structure is produced in a multi-purpose additive manufacturing mode, but when a complex multi-metal material is subjected to additive manufacturing to compound a high-performance large-scale heterogeneous component, a single heat source cannot meet the requirements of multiple materials, high precision and high efficiency, the complex multi-metal material is often completed only by using multiple additive devices, multiple additive processes and the mutual matching of multiple materials, higher technical requirements are needed, and a larger production space is needed, so that the production efficiency is greatly reduced, and the additive cost is increased.
At present, material adding equipment integrating multiple materials and multiple heat sources is not provided, and a new method is further provided for solving the problems of low material adding efficiency, high cost, high technical requirement and high operation difficulty of a multi-metal material composite high-performance large-scale heterogeneous component. The method integrates the advantages of high efficiency of electric arc material increase and high precision of laser material increase, realizes a laser, CMT and laser-CMT three-wire powder composite material increase process on a six-axis robot, can be simultaneously provided with a high-performance large heterogeneous component compounded by different wire materials and a plurality of materials of material increase powder, and forms a laser deposition-double-wire CMT electric arc wire powder composite material increase heterogeneous component manufacturing system.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the problem that a multi-machine cooperative operation is needed for a material increase multi-material composite large-scale heterogeneous component, the invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a laser cladding-double-wire CMT arc wire powder composite material increase heterogeneous component manufacturing system, which comprises the following steps: the method has the advantages of high material increase efficiency, low cost, easy operation, capability of finishing the material increase manufacture of multi-material multi-process complex heterogeneous components by a single set of equipment, and the like.
The invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
a laser cladding-double-wire CMT wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system comprises: the device comprises a six-axis robot, two CMT welding power supplies, a CMT double-wire electric arc welding gun, a laser cladding welding gun, a device for connecting and controlling the CMT electric arc welding gun and the laser welding gun, a material increase control system, a CMT double-wire feeding system, a five-bin laser powder feeding system, a double-axis material increase cooperative positioner and a layered modeling and intelligent planning software system; the CMT electric arc welding gun and laser welding gun connection and control device is used for mounting a CMT double-wire welding gun and a laser cladding welding gun on the same robot arm, keeping the bottoms of the two welding guns on the same plane, enabling the welding wire and the laser cladding welding gun head to be perpendicular to the material adding substrate, and alternately controlling the two welding guns through the material adding control system during material adding;
the method comprises the steps that an additive control system and a layered modeling and intelligent planning software system are used, a model and materials of a component needing additive are led in before additive, and an additive scheme and corresponding process parameters are generated according to component requirements; and controlling the following steps during material addition: CMT twin-wire arc additive is used for areas with low requirements on component forming precision; laser cladding powder feeding and material increasing are used for areas with high molding precision requirements and complex structures; for a component compounded by multiple materials, different materials can be added by alternately using different processes.
The distance between the laser cladding welding gun and the double-wire CMT arc welding gun needs to be ensured to be 250 mm.
The electric arc welding gun and laser welding gun connecting and controlling device fixes the electric arc welding gun and the laser welding gun and controls the welding guns by arranging the controlling device.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following remarkable advantages:
1. according to the invention, the laser cladding welding gun and the CMT double-wire welding gun are arranged on the six-axis robot, three wire powder composite material increase processes of laser, CMT and laser-CMT are realized on one device, the operation is simple, the function is strong, and the material increase precision and the material increase efficiency are greatly improved;
2. the invention can be simultaneously provided with 2 different wires and 5 different metal powders, does not need a plurality of robots to cooperate in the material increase process, does not need to frequently replace the material increase wires and the powder, and can alternately use a large-scale complex heterogeneous structural member with high performance and multiple material increase requirements of multiple processes through a control system to meet the material increase requirements of the heterogeneous member with high performance.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an overall structural layout of an additive manufacturing system according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a laser cladding welding gun and a twin-wire CMT welding gun according to the present invention.
In the figure: the robot comprises a six-axis robot 1, two CMT welding power supplies 2, a double-wire electric arc welding gun 3, a laser cladding welding gun 4, a CMT electric arc welding gun and laser welding gun connection and control device 5, a CMT double-wire feeding system 6, a laser 7, a five-bin laser powder feeding system 8, a double-axis additive collaborative positioner 9, a layered modeling and intelligent planning software system 10, an additive control system 11 and a robot control cabinet 12.
Detailed Description
The invention is further described with reference to the following figures and specific examples.
The invention provides a laser cladding-double-wire CMT arc wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system which comprises a six-axis robot, two CMT welding power supplies, a CMT double-wire arc welding gun, a laser cladding welding gun, a CMT arc welding gun and laser welding gun connecting and controlling device, an additive controlling system, a CMT double-wire feeding system, a five-bin laser powder feeding system, a double-axis additive collaborative position changing machine and a layered modeling and intelligent planning software system, wherein the six-axis robot is connected with the CMT double-wire arc welding gun through the laser cladding welding gun; the CMT double-wire welding gun and the laser cladding welding gun are arranged on the same robot arm by using the CMT electric arc welding gun and laser welding gun connection and control device, the bottoms of the two welding guns are kept on the same plane, the welding wire and the laser cladding welding gun head are perpendicular to the material increase substrate, and the two welding guns can be alternately used by the material increase control system during material increase.
Furthermore, the material increase control system is connected with a six-axis robot, a laser cladding welding gun, a CMT arc welding gun and laser welding gun connection and control device, a CMT double-wire feeding system, a five-bin laser powder feeding system, a double-axis material increase collaborative position changing machine and a layered modeling and intelligent planning software system by using a PLC control system; a CMT double-wire arc additive process database and a corresponding additive process model are arranged in the device, wherein the CMT double-wire arc additive process database comprises a welding wire, a current, a voltage, an additive speed, a wire feeding speed and an additive angle; the material increase control system is internally provided with a laser cladding rapid prototyping process database and a corresponding material increase process model at the same time, and comprises laser power, spot diameter, cladding speed, defocusing amount, powder feeding speed, scanning speed and preheating temperature.
Furthermore, the layered modeling and intelligent planning software system can meet the process requirements of coaxial five-bin powder feeding type laser and double-wire CMT arc wire feeding additive manufacturing of multi-metal composite complex structure parts, and has the functions of planar layered slicing of a three-dimensional model of the part, segmentation of slice graph areas, automatic arrangement and interactive arrangement of sub-area scanning sequences, scanning track filling, scanning track simulation and printing program output.
Furthermore, before material increase, a model and materials of a component to be increased are led into an material increase control system and a layered modeling and intelligent planning software system, a material increase scheme and corresponding process parameters are generated according to the requirements of the component, during material increase, CMT double-wire arc material increase is used in an area with low requirements on component forming precision, laser cladding powder feeding material increase is used in areas with high requirements on forming precision and complex structures, and different materials of different processes can be alternately used for material increase of a heterogeneous component compounded by multiple materials.
Further, the laser cladding welding gun is arranged at the tail end of the six-axis robot mechanical arm; in order to ensure that two welding guns do not interfere with each other and do not interfere with a workpiece during material increase, a double-wire CMT arc welding gun is fixed on the side surface of a mechanical arm at the tail end of the robot through a welding gun fixing and controlling device, the CMT arc welding gun is connected with a laser welding gun and the controlling device can control the double-wire welding gun to rotate 0-360 degrees around the Z-axis direction, and the posture of the welding gun is adjusted in cooperation with the robot; the distance between the laser cladding welding gun and the double-wire CMT arc welding gun is 250mm, and the robot program can respectively control the movement paths of the two welding guns.
Furthermore, the CMT double-wire feeding system can be filled with two wires with the same components or different components, and the additive control system controls the simultaneous additive of the single wires and the double wires and the alternative additive of different wires.
Furthermore, the five-bin laser powder feeding system can be used for filling additive powder with the same components or different components in the five bins, and the additive system is used for respectively controlling the corresponding bins to independently and continuously feed powder or the five bins to simultaneously and continuously feed powder according to the material requirements of the additive component.
Further, the CMT welding machine adopts a TPS4000 CMT welding machine; the laser is a YLS-6000-S2 fiber laser, and the diameter of the optical fiber is 1200 nm; the wire feeder adopts a VR1500-CMT wire feeder; the biaxial additive collaborative displacement machine adopts a JY-08 displacement machine.
As shown in fig. 1, the laser cladding-double-wire CMT arc wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system comprises a six-axis robot 1, two CMT welding power supplies 2, a double-wire arc welding gun 3, a laser cladding welding gun 4, a CMT arc welding gun and laser welding gun connection and control device 5, a CMT double-wire feeding system 6, a laser 7, a five-bin laser powder feeding system 8, a double-axis additive collaborative positioner 9, a layered modeling and intelligent planning software system 10, an additive control system 11 and a robot control cabinet 12.
The method comprises the following specific implementation steps: the six-axis robot 1 adopts an ABB IRB4600/40 robot; the CMT welding machine 2 adopts a TPS4000 CMT welding machine; the laser is a YLS-6000-S2 fiber laser, and the diameter of the optical fiber is 1200 nm; the wire feeder adopts a VR1500-CMT wire feeder; the five-bin laser powder feeding system adopts an RC-PGF-F powder feeder; the biaxial additive collaborative position changing machine adopts a JY-08 position changing machine; the additive control system 11 adopts a Mitsubishi PLC host and an extension, 14-inch touch screen, a frequency converter and a servo driver.
The six-axis robot 1, the robot control cabinet 12, the two-axis additive material cooperative positioner and the additive material control system 11 are connected to form an additive material mechanical control system, and the robot and the positioner are controlled to move cooperatively.
The two CMT welding power supplies 2, the double-wire arc welding gun, the 3CMT double-wire feeding system 6, the connection of the CMT arc welding gun and the laser welding gun, the control device 5 and the additive control system 11 form an arc additive system, two wires can be filled, and wire feeding and additive can be carried out alternately or simultaneously. The laser cladding welding gun 4, the laser 7, the five-bin laser powder feeding system 8 and the additive control system 11 form a laser cladding additive system, and the five-bin laser powder feeding system can be filled with 5 barrels of powder with the same or different components at most and can control the powder feeding alternately or simultaneously.
The laser cladding welding gun 3 and the double-wire CMT arc welding gun 2 are simultaneously fixed on a mechanical arm of the six-axis robot 1, and the structure diagram is shown in figure 2. The laser cladding welding gun 3 is arranged at the tail end of a mechanical arm of the six-axis robot 1, the bottoms of the two welding guns are kept on the same plane, the welding wire and the laser cladding welding gun head are perpendicular to the material increase substrate, and the two welding guns can be used alternately through the material increase control system during material increase. The double-wire CMT arc welding gun 2 is fixed on the side surface of a mechanical arm at the tail end of the robot through a welding gun fixing and controlling device 5, the CMT arc welding gun is connected with the laser welding gun and the controlling device can control the double-wire welding gun to rotate 0-360 degrees around the Z-axis direction, and the posture of the welding gun is adjusted in cooperation with the robot; the distance between the laser cladding welding gun and the double-wire CMT arc welding gun is 250 mm.
The layered modeling and intelligent planning software system 10 is installed on a computer and connected with an additive control system, generates an additive path and uploads the additive path to the additive control system.
A2 laser cladding-double-wire CMT arc wire powder composite material increase heterogeneous component manufacturing system is adopted to manufacture a high-impact-resistance lightweight structural component by combining the drawings 1 and 1, and a heterogeneous material single-channel block test block compounded by different materials of ultrahigh-strength steel, stainless steel, a zinc transition layer, high-strength aluminum alloy and a high-silicon coating is adopted, wherein the block length is 300mm, and the method comprises the following steps:
(1) and establishing a model of the part to be additively manufactured by using layered modeling software, slicing and forming a path plan in a layered mode according to the structure and the size of the part to be additively manufactured, and importing the generated part model and the path plan into an additive manufacturing control system.
(2) The material increase control system generates corresponding process models, material increase schemes and material increase programs according to structures and materials, wherein according to the thickness requirements of all materials in the block composite structure, the ultrahigh-strength steel-stainless steel interwoven structure is manufactured by adopting double-wire CMT arc material increase manufacturing and laser cladding material increase manufacturing, the zinc transition layer, the high-strength aluminum alloy and the high-silicon coating are manufactured by adopting laser cladding material increase manufacturing, namely the CMT double wires adopt ultrahigh-strength steel and stainless steel wires, and the five-bin laser powder feeding system is respectively filled with ultrahigh-strength steel powder, stainless steel powder, zinc transition layer powder, high-strength aluminum alloy powder and high-silicon coating powder. The process parameters which are matched with the arc additive and the laser cladding additive of the materials are introduced into the control system and comprise welding wires, current, voltage, additive speed, wire feeding speed, additive angle, laser power, spot diameter, cladding speed, defocusing amount, powder feeding speed, scanning speed, preheating temperature and the like.
(3) According to the additive program generated in the step (2), the laser cladding-double-wire CMT wire powder composite additive system carries out additive according to the planned path and the process parameters, a 316L stainless steel substrate is used as the additive substrate, a stainless steel welding wire CMT arc additive stainless steel layer is used as the first layer, the thickness of the stainless steel layer is 2mm, when the surface temperature of the stainless steel layer is cooled to 150 ℃, the waiting time is 20s, an ultrahigh-strength steel wire CMT arc additive second layer is used, the thickness of the ultrahigh-strength steel wire CMT arc additive stainless steel layer is 2mm, when the second layer is cooled to 200 ℃, the waiting time is 16s, the additive system automatically changes a laser cladding welding gun, the powder feeding system is controlled to feed the stainless steel powder additive third layer, the thickness of the ultrahigh-strength steel wire CMT arc additive second layer is 0.5mm, when the third layer is cooled to 150 ℃, the waiting time is 8s, the powder feeding system is controlled to feed the high-strength steel powder, the laser additive fourth layer, the thickness of the laser additive is 0.5mm, and the waiting time is 6 s.
(4) And (4) repeating the step (3) for 20 times, and adding materials to the ultrahigh-strength steel/stainless steel structure with different proportions in an alternating mode.
(5) And laser cladding stainless steel powder on the 81 st layer, waiting for 12s when the 81 st layer is cooled to 100 ℃, and conveying zinc transition layer powder as a laser cladding steel/aluminum transition layer with the thickness of 0.1 mm.
(6) And after the temperature of the transition layer is cooled to 50 ℃, waiting for 5s, feeding powder and high-strength aluminum alloy powder by laser cladding, performing material increase on the 82 th layer with the layer thickness of 0.8mm, cooling for 10s when the interlayer temperature is cooled to 80 ℃, and continuing to feed powder and high-strength aluminum alloy by laser cladding until the material increase reaches 121 layers.
(7) And when the 121 layers are cooled to 60 ℃, laser cladding is carried out on the high-silicon coating powder, the material is added on the 122 th layer, and the material adding thickness is 0.5 mm. The multi-material composite single-channel heterogeneous block structure for additive manufacturing in the experiment has 121 layers in total and the total height is about 115 mm.
The above description is only one preferred mode of the additive heterogeneous structure of the present invention, and it should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, several modifications can be made without departing from the principle of the present invention, and these modifications should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种激光熔覆-双丝CMT丝粉复合增材异质构件制造系统，其特征在于，包括：一台六轴机器人、两台CMT焊接电源、CMT双丝电弧焊枪、激光器、激光熔覆焊枪、CMT电弧焊枪与激光焊枪连接及控制装置、增材控制系统、CMT双丝送丝系统、五料仓激光送粉系统、双轴增材协同变位机、分层建模与智能规划软件系统；其中，CMT电弧焊枪与激光焊枪连接及控制装置将CMT双丝焊枪与激光熔覆焊枪装备在同一机器臂上，并使两焊枪底部保持同一平面上，使焊丝和激光熔覆焊枪头垂直于增材基板，增材时通过增材控制系统可交替控制两种焊枪；1. A laser cladding-double-wire CMT silk powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system is characterized in that, comprising: a six-axis robot, two CMT welding power sources, CMT double-wire arc welding torches, lasers, laser melting Overlay welding torch, CMT arc welding torch and laser welding torch connection and control device, additive control system, CMT double wire wire feeding system, five-silo laser powder feeding system, dual axis additive collaborative positioner, hierarchical modeling and intelligent planning Software system; among them, the CMT arc welding torch and the laser welding torch are connected and the control device equips the CMT double-wire welding torch and the laser cladding welding torch on the same robot arm, and keeps the bottom of the two welding torches on the same plane, so that the welding wire and the laser cladding welding torch head It is perpendicular to the additive substrate, and the additive control system can alternately control the two welding torches during the additive process; 增材控制系统和分层建模与智能规划软件系统，在增材前将导入需要增材构件的模型及材料，根据构件要求生成增材方案和相应的工艺参数；并在增材时控制：对于构件成型精度要求低的区域使用CMT双丝电弧增材；对于成型精度要求高以及结构复杂的区域使用激光熔覆送粉增材；对于多种材料复合的构件，能够交替使用不同工艺不同材料进行增材。The additive control system and hierarchical modeling and intelligent planning software system will import the models and materials that require additive components before additive, and generate additive plans and corresponding process parameters according to component requirements; and control during additive: Use CMT dual-wire arc additive for areas with low requirements for component forming accuracy; use laser cladding powder-feeding additive for areas with high forming accuracy requirements and complex structures; for components composited with multiple materials, different processes and materials can be used alternately Additives. 2.根据权利要求1所述的激光熔敷-双丝CMT电弧丝粉复合增材异质构件制造系统，其特征在于，增材控制系统使用PLC控制系统，与六轴机器人、激光器、激光熔覆焊枪、CMT电弧焊枪与激光焊枪连接及控制装置、CMT双丝送丝系统、五料仓激光送粉系统、双轴增材协同变位机、分层建模与智能规划软件系统相连；内设CMT双丝电弧增材工艺数据库和相应的增材工艺模型，包括焊丝、电流、电压、增材速度、送丝速度、增材角度；增材控制系统同时内设激光熔覆快速成型工艺数据库和相应的增材工艺模型，包括激光功率、光斑直径、熔覆速度、离焦量、送粉速度、扫描速度、预热温度。2. The laser cladding-dual-wire CMT arc wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system according to claim 1, wherein the additive control system uses a PLC control system, which is compatible with a six-axis robot, a laser, and a laser fused material. Cover welding gun, CMT arc welding gun and laser welding gun connection and control device, CMT double wire wire feeding system, five-silo laser powder feeding system, dual axis additive collaborative positioner, hierarchical modeling and intelligent planning software system connection; Set up the CMT double-wire arc additive process database and the corresponding additive process model, including welding wire, current, voltage, additive speed, wire feeding speed, and additive angle; the additive control system also has a built-in laser cladding rapid prototyping process database. And the corresponding additive process model, including laser power, spot diameter, cladding speed, defocus amount, powder feeding speed, scanning speed, and preheating temperature. 3.根据权利要求1所述的激光熔敷-双丝CMT电弧丝粉复合增材异质构件制造系统，其特征在于，分层建模与智能规划软件系统能够满足同轴五料仓送粉式激光熔敷、双丝CMT电弧送丝增材制造多金属复合复杂结构零件的工艺需求、具备零件三维模型的平面式分层切片、切片图形区域分割、子区域扫描顺序自动排列和交互式排列、扫描轨迹填充、扫描轨迹仿真及打印程序输出功能。3. The laser cladding-dual wire CMT arc wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system according to claim 1, wherein the hierarchical modeling and intelligent planning software system can meet the requirements of coaxial five-silo powder feeding Process requirements for additive manufacturing of multi-metal composite complex structural parts with two-wire CMT arc wire feeding, planar layered slicing with 3D model of the part, slice graphic area segmentation, automatic and interactive arrangement of sub-area scan sequences , Scanning trajectory filling, scanning trajectory simulation and printing program output functions. 4.根据权利要求1所述的激光熔敷-双丝CMT电弧丝粉复合增材异质构件制造系统，其特征在于，激光熔覆焊枪装备在六轴机器人机械臂末端；双丝CMT电弧焊枪由焊枪连接及控制装置装备在机器人末端机械臂侧面，控制激光熔覆焊枪与双丝CMT电弧焊枪间距为250mm，机器人程序可分别控制两焊枪运动路径；CMT电弧焊枪与激光焊枪连接及控制装置可控制双丝焊枪围绕Z轴方向旋转0-360°，配合机器人协同调整焊枪姿态。4. The laser cladding-double-wire CMT arc wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system according to claim 1, wherein the laser cladding welding torch is equipped at the end of the six-axis robot arm; the double-wire CMT arc welding torch The welding torch connection and control device is equipped on the side of the robotic arm at the end of the robot, which controls the distance between the laser cladding welding torch and the double-wire CMT arc welding torch to be 250mm. The robot program can control the motion paths of the two welding torches respectively; Control the double-wire welding torch to rotate 0-360° around the Z-axis direction, and coordinate with the robot to adjust the welding torch posture. 5.根据权利要求1所述的激光熔敷-双丝CMT电弧丝粉复合增材异质构件制造系统，其特征在于，CMT双丝送丝系统可装填两种相同成分的或者不同成分的丝材，由增材控制系统控制单丝、双丝同时增材、不同丝材交替增材。5. The laser cladding-double-wire CMT arc wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system according to claim 1, wherein the CMT double-wire wire feeding system can be filled with two kinds of wires of the same composition or different compositions The additive control system controls the simultaneous addition of single wire, double wire, and alternate addition of different wires. 6.根据权利要求1所述的激光熔敷-双丝CMT电弧丝粉复合增材异质构件制造系统，其特征在于，五料仓激光送粉系统能够装填五料仓相同成分或者不同成分的增材粉末，根据增材构件材料要求由增材系统分别控制相应的料仓单独连续稳定送粉或五料仓同时连续稳定送粉。6. The laser cladding-dual-wire CMT arc wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system according to claim 1, characterized in that the five-silo laser powder feeding system can be filled with the same composition or different compositions of the five-silo. For additive powder, according to the material requirements of the additive components, the additive system controls the corresponding silos to continuously and stably feed powder individually or to five silos simultaneously to continuously and stably feed powder. 7.根据权利要求1所述的激光熔敷-双丝CMT电弧丝粉复合增材异质构件制造系统，其特征在于，所述的CMT焊机采用TPS4000 CMT焊机；所述的激光器为YLS-6000-S2光纤激光器，光纤直径1200nm；送丝机采用VR1500-CMT送丝机；双轴增材协同变位机采用JY-08变位机。7. The laser cladding-double-wire CMT arc wire powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system according to claim 1, wherein the CMT welding machine adopts a TPS4000 CMT welding machine; the laser is a YLS -6000-S2 fiber laser, fiber diameter 1200nm; wire feeder adopts VR1500-CMT wire feeder; biaxial additive synergistic positioner adopts JY-08 positioner. 8.一种激光熔覆-双丝CMT丝粉复合增材异质构件制造系统，其特征在于，包括CMT电弧焊枪与激光焊枪连接及控制装置，能够将CMT双丝焊枪与激光熔覆焊枪装备在同一机器臂上，并使两焊枪底部保持同一平面上，使焊丝和激光熔覆焊枪头垂直于增材基板；激光熔覆焊枪与双丝CMT电弧焊枪间距为250mm。8. A laser cladding-double-wire CMT silk powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing system, characterized in that it comprises a CMT arc welding torch and a laser welding torch connection and a control device, capable of equipping the CMT double-wire welding torch and the laser cladding welding torch On the same robot arm, keep the bottoms of the two welding torches on the same plane, and make the welding wire and the laser cladding torch head perpendicular to the additive substrate; the distance between the laser cladding welding torch and the dual-wire CMT arc welding torch is 250mm. 9.一种激光熔覆-双丝CMT丝粉复合增材异质构件制造方法，其特征在于，设置一CMT电弧焊枪与激光焊枪连接及控制装置，保证将CMT双丝焊枪与激光熔覆焊枪装备在同一机器臂上，并使两焊枪底部保持同一平面上，使焊丝和激光熔覆焊枪头垂直于增材基板；9. A laser cladding-double-wire CMT silk powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing method, characterized in that a CMT arc welding torch and a laser welding torch connection and control device are provided to ensure that the CMT double-wire welding torch and the laser cladding welding torch are connected. Equipped on the same robot arm, and keep the bottom of the two welding torches on the same plane, so that the welding wire and the laser cladding torch head are perpendicular to the additive substrate; 设置增材控制系统和分层建模与智能规划软件系统，在增材前将导入需要增材构件的模型及材料，根据构件要求生成增材方案和相应的工艺参数；并在增材时控制：对于构件成型精度要求低的区域使用CMT双丝电弧增材；对于成型精度要求高以及结构复杂的区域使用激光熔覆送粉增材；对于多种材料复合的构件，能够交替使用不同工艺不同材料进行增材。Set up an additive control system and a hierarchical modeling and intelligent planning software system, import models and materials that require additive components before additive, and generate additive solutions and corresponding process parameters according to component requirements; and control during additive : CMT double-wire arc additive is used for areas with low requirements on component forming accuracy; laser cladding powder feeding additive is used for areas with high forming accuracy requirements and complex structures; for components composed of multiple materials, different processes can be used alternately. Materials are added. 10.根据权利要求9所述的激光熔覆-双丝CMT丝粉复合增材异质构件制造方法，其特征在于，激光熔覆焊枪与双丝CMT电弧焊枪间距为250mm。10 . The laser cladding-double-wire CMT silk powder composite additive heterogeneous component manufacturing method according to claim 9 , wherein the distance between the laser cladding welding torch and the double-wire CMT arc welding torch is 250 mm. 11 .
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