CN114050405B - Linear array vehicle-mounted antenna and equipment - Google Patents
Linear array vehicle-mounted antenna and equipment Download PDFInfo
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- CN114050405B CN114050405B CN202111651455.6A CN202111651455A CN114050405B CN 114050405 B CN114050405 B CN 114050405B CN 202111651455 A CN202111651455 A CN 202111651455A CN 114050405 B CN114050405 B CN 114050405B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/36—Structural form of radiating elements, e.g. cone, spiral, umbrella; Particular materials used therewith
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/27—Adaptation for use in or on movable bodies
- H01Q1/32—Adaptation for use in or on road or rail vehicles
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q1/00—Details of, or arrangements associated with, antennas
- H01Q1/50—Structural association of antennas with earthing switches, lead-in devices or lightning protectors
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q21/00—Antenna arrays or systems
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01Q—ANTENNAS, i.e. RADIO AERIALS
- H01Q5/00—Arrangements for simultaneous operation of antennas on two or more different wavebands, e.g. dual-band or multi-band arrangements
- H01Q5/30—Arrangements for providing operation on different wavebands
- H01Q5/307—Individual or coupled radiating elements, each element being fed in an unspecified way
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Abstract
The application relates to a linear array vehicle-mounted antenna and equipment. The linear array vehicle-mounted antenna comprises a power division network, at least two feed networks, a nonmetal support component and at least two radiation array elements, wherein one radiation array element corresponds to one feed network; the power distribution network is connected with at least two radiating array elements through at least two feed networks; two adjacent radiation array elements are connected through a support component; each radiating array element comprises a first radiating oscillator and a second radiating oscillator which are oppositely arranged and are in symmetrical structures; the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator respectively comprise a first round platform radiator, a columnar radiator and a second round platform radiator, one end of the first round platform radiator is connected with one end of the columnar radiator, and the other end of the columnar radiator is connected with one end of the second round platform radiator; the second round platform radiator of the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator is arranged in opposite directions. The linear array vehicle-mounted antenna can meet the communication requirements of wide frequency band, high gain, vertical polarization and horizontal omnidirectional.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of antennas, in particular to a linear array vehicle-mounted antenna and equipment.
Background
When communication between vehicles and fixed stations is achieved, whip antennas are usually used.
With the development of military radio stations in China, the requirement of the working frequency band of the radio station is wider and wider. Since the whip antenna is generally used in a narrow-band operating state, a plurality of whip antennas are disposed on a vehicle in order to meet the requirement of a wide operating frequency band of a radio station.
However, the communication quality is degraded due to the proximity and coupling between the whip antennas.
Disclosure of Invention
Therefore, it is necessary to provide a linear array vehicle-mounted antenna and a device which can satisfy the wide operating frequency band of a radio station by only one antenna, aiming at the technical problems.
In a first aspect, the present application provides a linear array vehicle antenna. The linear array vehicle-mounted antenna comprises a power division network, at least two feed networks, a nonmetal support component and at least two radiation array elements, wherein one radiation array element corresponds to one feed network; the power distribution network is connected with at least two radiating array elements through at least two feed networks; two adjacent radiation array elements are connected through a support component;
each radiating array element comprises a first radiating oscillator and a second radiating oscillator which are oppositely arranged and are in symmetrical structures; the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator respectively comprise a first round platform radiator, a columnar radiator and a second round platform radiator, one end of the first round platform radiator is connected with one end of the columnar radiator, and the other end of the columnar radiator is connected with one end of the second round platform radiator; the second round platform radiator of the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator is arranged in opposite directions.
In one embodiment, the diameter of the end of the first circular truncated cone radiator facing the columnar radiator is smaller than the diameter of the end of the first circular truncated cone radiator far away from the columnar radiator;
the diameter of one end, facing the columnar radiator, of the second circular truncated cone radiator is larger than that of one end, far away from the columnar radiator, of the second circular truncated cone radiator.
In one embodiment, the support assembly is a hollow support frame in a double-arrow shape, one end of the hollow support frame is clamped inside a first circular cone radiator of a second radiation oscillator of a previous radiation array element, and the other end of the hollow support frame is clamped inside a first circular cone radiator of a first radiation oscillator of a next radiation array element.
In one embodiment, the hollow support frame comprises a first support part of a circular truncated cone structure, a second support part of a columnar structure and a third support part of a circular truncated cone structure, wherein the first support part is connected with the third support part through the second support part;
the first supporting part is clamped in the first round-table radiator of the second radiation oscillator of the previous radiation array element, and the third supporting part is clamped in the first round-table radiator of the first radiation oscillator of the next radiation array element.
In one embodiment, the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna further comprises a non-metal cylindrical support frame, and the cylindrical support frame is sleeved on the peripheries of the cylindrical radiator and the second circular truncated cone radiator of the radiation array element.
In one embodiment, the feed network comprises a choke device and a matching network which are connected with the feed, the power dividing network is arranged inside the second supporting part, and the matching network is arranged inside the radiating array element;
the power distribution network is in feed connection with the matching network through a choke device;
the matching network is a multi-order coaxial gradient line, and the feed network is connected with the feed of the radiating array element through an inner conductor of the multi-order coaxial gradient line.
In one embodiment, the periphery of the second supporting part is provided with an annular crotch stopping part;
the radio frequency cable connected with the output port of the power distribution network is wound between the annular crotch stopping part and the third supporting part to form a choke device; a radio frequency cable extending from the choke is in feed connection with the matching network.
In one embodiment, the length of the matching network is lambda/4, and lambda is the working wavelength of the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna.
In one embodiment, the power distribution network has four output ports, and the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna comprises four radiating array elements, four feed networks and three support components;
each output port of the power division network is connected with one corresponding radiating array element through a feed network.
In one embodiment, the power division network includes a first power divider, a second power divider, and a third power divider, where the first power divider, the second power divider, and the third power divider are all multi-level coaxial gradient lines;
a first inner conductor of the first power divider is electrically connected with an input port of the second power divider, and a second inner conductor of the first power divider is electrically connected with an input port of the third power divider;
the second power divider and the third power divider are coaxial gradual change lines with one-to-two function.
In one embodiment, the lengths of the first power divider, the second power divider and the third power divider are all 3 λ/4.
In one embodiment, the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna further comprises an antenna cap, a rod-shaped antenna housing and an antenna base;
the power distribution network, the feed network, the supporting component and the radiation array element are all fixed in an inner cavity of the antenna housing, the antenna cap is detachably fixed at one end of the antenna housing, and the antenna base is connected to the other end of the antenna housing.
In one embodiment, the working frequency band of the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna is 512MHz-2500 MHz.
In a second aspect, the present application also provides an apparatus. The device comprises a device body and the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna as described in any one of the above first aspects.
The embodiment of the application provides a linear array vehicle-mounted antenna and equipment, wherein the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna comprises a power division network, at least two feed networks, a nonmetal supporting component and at least two radiation array elements, and one radiation array element corresponds to one feed network; the power distribution network is connected with at least two radiating array elements through at least two feed networks; two adjacent radiation array elements are connected through a support component; each radiating array element comprises a first radiating oscillator and a second radiating oscillator which are oppositely arranged and are in symmetrical structures; the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator respectively comprise a first round platform radiator, a columnar radiator and a second round platform radiator, one end of the first round platform radiator is connected with one end of the columnar radiator, and the other end of the columnar radiator is connected with one end of the second round platform radiator; the second round platform radiator of the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator is arranged in opposite directions. In this embodiment, because the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator in each radiation array element each include a first circular truncated cone radiator, a columnar radiator, and a second circular truncated cone radiator, one end of the first circular truncated cone radiator is connected with one end of the columnar radiator, and the other end of the columnar radiator is connected with one end of the second circular truncated cone radiator, the diameter of each radiation array element is widened by the radiation oscillator structure, the bandwidth of the antenna is improved, and in the radiation oscillator structure, the first circular truncated cone radiator widens a part of low-frequency working bandwidth, the overall structure of the radiation oscillator widens another part of high-frequency working bandwidth, and the two parts of working bandwidths overlap, thereby achieving the requirement of continuous broadband of the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna. In addition, through forming the linear array structure with at least two radiation array elements, the gain of the antenna is improved, the high-gain requirement of the antenna is met, and in addition, the structure of a single radiation array element and the design of forming a plurality of two radiation array elements into a linear array realize the vertical polarization and horizontal omnidirectional communication requirements of the antenna, and the withstand power is high.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a linear array vehicle antenna in one embodiment;
fig. 2 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the first radiating element or the second radiating element in one embodiment;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a first radiation element in one embodiment;
FIG. 4 is a schematic structural view of a support assembly according to one embodiment;
fig. 5 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a linear array vehicle-mounted antenna according to another embodiment;
FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating the structure of a matching network in one embodiment;
fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution network in an embodiment;
FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram illustrating an overall configuration of a linear array vehicle antenna according to an embodiment;
fig. 9 is a diagram illustrating experimental results of a linear array vehicle antenna according to an embodiment.
Description of reference numerals:
10. a power distribution network; 20. A feed network; 30. A support assembly;
40. radiating array elements; 401. A first radiation oscillator; 402. A second radiation element;
200. a first circular cone radiator; 300. A columnar radiator; 400. A second circular cone radiator;
301. a first support section; 302. A second support portion; 303. A third support portion;
50. a columnar support frame; 201. A choke device; 202. A matching network;
3021. an annular crotch stopper portion; 500. A radio frequency cable extending from the choke;
2021. an inner conductor; 2022. An outer conductor;
101. a first power divider; 102. A second power divider; 103. A third power divider;
60. an antenna cap; 70. An antenna cover; 80. An antenna mount.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, the present application is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are merely illustrative of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application.
In the present application, the terms "first", "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and are not to be construed as indicating or implying relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of technical features indicated. Thus, a feature defined as "first" or "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one such feature. In the description of the present application, "plurality" means at least two, e.g., two, three, etc., unless explicitly specifically limited otherwise.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the terms "mounted," "connected," "secured," and the like are to be construed broadly and can include, for example, fixed connections, removable connections, or integral parts; can be mechanically or electrically connected; they may be directly connected or indirectly connected through intervening media, or they may be connected internally or in any other suitable relationship, unless expressly stated otherwise. The specific meaning of the above terms in the present application can be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art as appropriate.
In this application, unless expressly stated or limited otherwise, the first feature "on" or "under" the second feature may be directly contacting the first and second features or indirectly contacting the first and second features through intervening media. Also, a first feature "on," "over," and "above" a second feature may be directly or diagonally above the second feature, or may simply indicate that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature may be directly under or obliquely under the first feature, or may simply mean that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
It will be understood that when an element is referred to as being "secured to" or "disposed on" another element, it can be directly on the other element or intervening elements may also be present. When an element is referred to as being "connected" to another element, it can be directly connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. The terms "vertical," "horizontal," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," and the like as used herein are for illustrative purposes only and do not denote a unique embodiment.
Fig. 1 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a linear array vehicle-mounted antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application; fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of a first radiating element 401 or a second radiating element 402 according to an embodiment of the present application. As shown in fig. 1, the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna includes a power division network 10, at least two feed networks 20, a non-metallic support component 30, and at least two radiating array elements 40, where one radiating array element 40 corresponds to one feed network 20; the power distribution network 10 is in feed connection with at least two radiating array elements 40 through at least two feed networks 20; two adjacent radiating array elements 40 are connected by a support assembly 30.
Each radiating array element 40 comprises a first radiating element 401 and a second radiating element 402 which are oppositely arranged and are in a symmetrical structure with each other; each of the first and second radiation oscillators 401 and 402 includes a first circular truncated cone radiator 200, a columnar radiator 300, and a second circular truncated cone radiator 400, one end of the first circular truncated cone radiator 200 is connected to one end of the columnar radiator 300, and the other end of the columnar radiator 300 is connected to one end of the second circular truncated cone radiator 400; the second circular cone radiators 400 of the first radiation element 401 and the second radiation element 402 are arranged to face each other.
Specifically, the feeding network 20 is configured to feed the signal received from the power dividing network 10 to the radiating element 40, and then radiate the signal via the radiating element 40. The feeding network 20 is in the form of a radio frequency cable feeding, and for example, the radio frequency cable of the feeding network 20 may be electrically connected to the radiating array element 40, or electrically connected to a cable inside the radiating array element 40.
Alternatively, the support assembly 30 may be a hollow structure or a non-hollow structure. The shape of the supporting structure is a cubic shape, a cylinder shape, a cone shape, a circular truncated cone or a combined shape formed by combining a plurality of structures, and the like.
Optionally, the power dividing network 10 may receive an electromagnetic wave signal from the radio frequency connector, perform power distribution on the electromagnetic wave signal, convert the electromagnetic wave signal into multiple paths of signals, output the multiple paths of signals to the feeding network 20, and feed the multiple paths of signals to the radiating array element 40 through the feeding network 20, where the power dividing network 10 may include one power divider or may include multiple power dividers. The kind of the power divider can be one-to-two, one-to-three, one-to-four, etc. The number of power dividers constituting the power dividing network 10 is related to the number of radiating elements 40 and the kind of power divider. For example, when the number of the radiating array elements 40 is 2, the power dividing network 10 is 1 one-to-two power divider. When the number of the radiating array elements 40 is 3, the power dividing network 10 is 1 one-to-three power divider. When the number of the radiating array elements 40 is 4, the power dividing network 10 is 1 one-to-four power divider or 3 one-to-two power dividers. When the number of the radiating array elements 40 is 5, the power dividing network 10 is 1 one-to-five power divider or 2 one-to-two power dividers and one-to-three power divider. In a specific implementation, the number of radiating elements 40 may be determined according to the gain requirement of the antenna. The gain of the antenna can be increased by about 3dB for each additional radiating element 40. Further, the designer may determine the number and types of power dividers in the power dividing network 10 according to the number of the radiating array elements 40.
Optionally, as shown in fig. 2, the first circular truncated cone radiator 200, the columnar radiator 300, and the second circular truncated cone radiator 400 included in the first radiation oscillator 401 or the second radiation oscillator 402 may be integrally formed, or may be formed by combining and connecting a plurality of unit components in a welded or sleeved manner. The change form of the diameter length of the circular section of the first circular cone radiator 200 or the second circular cone radiator 400 is one of linear gradual change, nonlinear gradual change or a combination of linear gradual change and nonlinear gradual change.
Fig. 3 illustrates an implementation of the first radiating element 401. As shown in fig. 3, the first radiation element 401 includes two parts, that is, (a) in fig. 3 and (b) in fig. 3, which are connected in a sleeved manner, wherein part (a) in fig. 3 is formed by two parts, that is, a circular truncated cone and a cylinder, part (b) in fig. 3 is formed by two parts, that is, a circular truncated cone and a cylinder, and the diameter length of the cylinder in part (b) is slightly smaller than that of the cylinder in part (a). (b) The cylinders in the portion (a) are sleeved in the cylinders in the portion (a) to jointly form the columnar radiator 300, the circular truncated cones in the portion (a) form the first circular truncated cone radiator 200, and the circular truncated cones in the portion (b) form the first circular truncated cone radiator 200.
In this embodiment, the second circular cone radiator 400 of the first radiation oscillator 401 and the second circular cone radiator 400 of the second radiation oscillator 402 are oppositely disposed, and optionally, the second circular cone radiator 400 of the two radiation oscillators has a circular cone structure with a preset taper, and the two circular cone radiators are mutually symmetrical structures. Preferably, the taper of the second circular cone radiator 400 of the two radiator elements can be about 60-80 degrees.
In the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna, the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna comprises a power division network, at least two feed networks, a nonmetal support component and at least two radiation array elements, wherein one radiation array element corresponds to one feed network; the power distribution network is connected with at least two radiating array elements through at least two feed networks; two adjacent radiation array elements are connected through a support component; each radiating array element comprises a first radiating oscillator and a second radiating oscillator which are oppositely arranged and are in symmetrical structures; the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator respectively comprise a first round platform radiator, a columnar radiator and a second round platform radiator, one end of the first round platform radiator is connected with one end of the columnar radiator, and the other end of the columnar radiator is connected with one end of the second round platform radiator; the second round platform radiator of the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator is arranged in opposite directions. In this embodiment, because the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator in each radiation array element each include a first circular truncated cone radiator, a columnar radiator, and a second circular truncated cone radiator, one end of the first circular truncated cone radiator is connected with one end of the columnar radiator, and the other end of the columnar radiator is connected with one end of the second circular truncated cone radiator, the diameter of each radiation array element is widened by the radiation oscillator structure, the bandwidth of the antenna is improved, and in the radiation oscillator structure, the first circular truncated cone radiator widens a part of low-frequency working bandwidth, the overall structure of the radiation oscillator widens another part of high-frequency working bandwidth, and the two parts of working bandwidths overlap, thereby achieving the requirement of continuous broadband of the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna. In addition, through forming the linear array structure with at least two radiation array elements, the gain of the antenna is improved, the high-gain requirement of the antenna is met, and in addition, the structure of a single radiation array element and the design of forming a plurality of two radiation array elements into a linear array realize the vertical polarization and horizontal omnidirectional communication requirements of the antenna, and the withstand power is high.
Further, referring to fig. 2, a diameter of an end of the first circular cone radiator 200 facing the cylindrical radiator 300 is smaller than a diameter of an end of the first circular cone radiator 200 away from the cylindrical radiator 300; the diameter of the end of the second circular cone radiator 400 facing the columnar radiator 300 is greater than the diameter of the end of the second circular cone radiator 400 away from the columnar radiator 300.
Optionally, a diameter of an end of the first circular cone radiator 200 away from the cylindrical radiator 300 is greater than a diameter of an end of the second circular cone radiator 400 facing the cylindrical radiator 300. The diameter of the end of the first circular cone radiator 200 away from the cylindrical radiator 300 is not more than 40 mm. Specifically, the diameter of the end of the first circular cone radiator 200 away from the cylindrical radiator 300 may be set to 36mm, the diameter of the end of the second circular cone radiator 400 facing the cylindrical radiator 300 may be set to 30mm, and the overall length of the first radiation element 401 may not exceed 70 mm.
In this embodiment, the diameter of the end of the first circular cone radiator facing the columnar radiator is smaller than the diameter of the end of the first circular cone radiator away from the columnar radiator; the diameter of one end, facing the columnar radiator, of the second round platform radiator is larger than that of one end, far away from the columnar radiator, of the second round platform radiator, and therefore the broadband requirement of the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna is further met.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural diagram of a support assembly according to an embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 4, the supporting assembly 30 is a hollow supporting frame in a double arrow shape, one end of the hollow supporting frame is clamped inside the first circular cone radiator 200 of the second radiation oscillator 402 of the previous radiation array element 40, and the other end of the hollow supporting frame is clamped inside the first circular cone radiator 200 of the first radiation oscillator 401 of the next radiation array element 40. In this embodiment, the connection of a plurality of radiating array elements is realized by providing the support component.
Optionally, the hollow support frame includes a first support portion 301, a second support portion 302, and a third support portion 303. The first supporting portion 301 or the third supporting portion 303 has a tapered structure or a ladder-shaped structure, and the second supporting portion 302 may have a bar-shaped structure.
In a concrete implementation, referring to fig. 4, the hollow support frame includes a first support portion 301 of a circular truncated cone structure, a second support portion 302 of a columnar structure, and a third support portion 303 of a circular truncated cone structure, where the first support portion 301 is connected to the third support portion 303 through the second support portion 302. The first support part 301 is clamped inside the first circular cone radiator 200 of the second radiation oscillator 402 of the previous radiation array element 40, and the third support part 303 is clamped inside the first circular cone radiator 200 of the first radiation oscillator 401 of the next radiation array element 40.
In this embodiment, through setting the cavity support frame to the structure that the second supporting part including the first supporting part of round platform structure, columnar structure and the third supporting part of round platform structure, first supporting part pass through second supporting part and third supporting part to be connected, the structure of this cavity support frame is higher with the structure matching degree of radiation array element, has improved the fixed effect of being connected of a plurality of radiation array elements greatly.
Fig. 5 is a schematic partial cross-sectional view of a linear array vehicle-mounted antenna according to another embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the above embodiment, the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna further includes a non-metal column support 50, and the column support 50 is sleeved on the peripheries of the column radiator 300 and the second circular cone radiator 400 of the radiation array element 40.
Optionally, the cylindrical support frame 50 is made of an insulating material, such as PVC. The first radiating element 401 and the second radiating element 402 in the radiating array element 40 are symmetrically arranged with the center line of the diameter direction of the columnar supporting frame 50 as a symmetry axis. The overall length of the columnar support frame 50 is less than the length of the radiating array element 40. Optionally, the column support frame 50 includes multiple sections, wherein one section is sleeved in the middle of the radiating array element 40. In this embodiment, the fixing of the single radiating array element 40 is realized by arranging the columnar support frame 50.
Further, with continuing reference to fig. 5, in the embodiment of the present application, the feeding network 20 includes a choke 201 and a matching network 202 connected to the feeding, the power dividing network 10 is disposed inside the second supporting portion 302, and the matching network 202 is disposed inside the radiating element 40; the power distribution network 10 is in feed connection with the matching network 202 through a choke device 201; the matching network 202 is a multi-step coaxial gradual change line, and the feed network 20 is connected with the feed of the radiating array element 40 through the inner conductor of the multi-step coaxial gradual change line.
Optionally, the material of the second supporting portion 302 is an epoxy material. The choke device 201 is a coil structure or a plurality of magnetic ring structures, and can be sleeved outside the second supporting portion 302. Alternatively, an annular crotch stopper portion 3021 may be provided around the second support portion 302; a radio frequency cable connected with an output port of the power distribution network 10 is wound between the annular crotch stopping part 3021 and the third supporting part 303 to form a choke device 201; the rf cable 500 extending from the choke is in feed connection with the matching network 202. The choke device 201 is used to perform an unbalanced-balanced conversion of the antenna, and the coaxial gradient belongs to unbalanced transmission, and if the antenna and the matching unit are directly connected, a high-frequency current flows through an outer conductor of the coaxial gradient, which affects radiation of the antenna. The current flowing into the outer conductor is throttled by the choke device, and the radiation effect of the antenna is improved.
Alternatively, referring to the schematic structure of the matching network 202 shown in fig. 6, the matching network 202 may be a multi-step coaxial gradient, and includes an inner conductor 2021 and an outer conductor 2022, where the inner conductor 2021 includes a plurality of inner conductor units with different diameters, and the plurality of inner conductor units may be connected together by welding, and preferably, the number of the inner conductor units of the matching network 202 is 2.
Since the feeding network 20 comprises the choke 201 and the matching network 202 of the feeding connection, at the time of the specific connection: after the rf cable connected to the output port of the power distribution network 10 is wound around the ring-shaped crotch portion 3021 and the third support portion 303 to form the choke device 201, the rf cable extends from the choke device 201. The outer conductor of the rf cable 500 extending from the choke device is connected to the outer conductor of the matching network 202, and the inner conductor of the rf cable 500 extending from the choke device is connected to the inner conductor of the matching network 202, thereby realizing the feeding connection of the choke device 201 and the matching network 202. In addition, the matching network 202 is connected to the radiating array element 40 by feeding, and may specifically be: an outer conductor extending from the output of the matching network 202 is connected to the first radiating element 401 and an inner conductor extending from the output of the matching network 202 is connected to the second radiating element 402.
Optionally, the length of the matching network 202 is λ/4, where λ is an operating wavelength of the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna.
According to the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna provided by the embodiment of the application, the feed network of the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna comprises the choke device and the matching network which are connected in a feed mode, the choke device achieves unbalanced-balanced conversion of the antenna, and the radiation effect of the antenna is improved. And the matching network is set to be a multi-order coaxial gradient line, so that the impedance matching degree of the antenna is improved, and the standing-wave ratio of the antenna is low.
Fig. 7 is a schematic structural diagram of a power distribution network according to an embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the above embodiment, the power distribution network 10 has four output ports, and the linear array vehicle antenna includes four radiating elements 40, four feed networks 20, and three support assemblies 30; each output port of the power dividing network 10 is connected to a corresponding radiating element 40 through a feeding network 20.
Optionally, the power dividing network 10 includes one-to-four power divider or 3-to-two power dividers. Each output port of the power distribution network 10 is connected to the feed network 20 through a radio frequency cable. The power distribution network has 4 output ports, each of which is connected to the choke 201 in each of the feeding networks 20, and only a schematic diagram of one port of the power distribution network connected to one choke 201 is shown in fig. 7. Optionally, the two radiating elements 40 form a binary antenna linear array separately, and the two binary antenna linear arrays form a quaternary antenna linear array. The quaternary antenna linear array adopts a parallel feeding mode to feed. In the embodiment, the four radiation array elements are arrayed, so that the gain of the antenna is improved, and the requirement of high gain of the antenna is met. It should be noted that, in the embodiment of the present application, the specific configuration of the power distribution network 10 is not limited, and fig. 7 is only an example.
As shown in fig. 7, the power distribution network 10 includes a first power divider 101, a second power divider 102, and a third power divider 103, where the first power divider 101, the second power divider 102, and the third power divider 103 are all multi-step coaxial graduations. A first inner conductor of the first power divider 101 is electrically connected to an input port of the second power divider 102, and a second inner conductor of the first power divider 101 is electrically connected to an input port of the third power divider 103; the second power divider 102 and the third power divider 103 are coaxial graduations of one-to-two.
Optionally, the multi-step coaxial gradient of the first power divider 101, the second power divider 102, or the third power divider 103 includes an inner conductor and an outer conductor, the inner conductor includes a plurality of sections of inner conductor units with different diameters, the plurality of inner conductor units may be connected together by welding, and preferably, the number of the inner conductor units of the power divider is 3.
Optionally, the first inner conductor of the first power divider 101 is connected to the input port of the second power divider 102 through a radio frequency cable. The first inner conductor of the first power divider 101 is connected to the inner conductor of the rf cable, and the outer conductor of the first power divider 101 is connected to the outer conductor of the rf cable.
Optionally, the lengths of the first power divider 101, the second power divider 102, and the third power divider 103 are all 3 λ/4.
In this embodiment, the feed of 4 radiation array elements has been realized through 3 one minute two merit dividers, and implementation is simple, has reduced the degree of difficulty of antenna routing. And the first power divider, the second power divider and the third power divider are all multi-order coaxial gradient lines, so that the impedance matching effect of the antenna is improved.
Fig. 8 is a schematic view of an overall appearance structure of the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna provided in the embodiment of the present application. On the basis of the above embodiment, as shown in fig. 8, the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna further includes an antenna cap 60, a rod-shaped antenna cover 70, and an antenna base 80. The power distribution network 10, the feed network 20, the support component 30 and the radiation array element 40 are all fixed in an internal cavity of the radome 70, the antenna cap 60 is detachably fixed at one end of the radome 70, and the antenna pedestal 80 is connected at the other end of the radome 70.
Optionally, the radome 70 is made of PVC material or glass fiber reinforced plastic material. To reduce the standing wave effect, the radome 70 is made of a high-transmittance glass fiber reinforced plastic material. The antenna mount 80 includes a drum spring structure.
Optionally, the power distribution network 10 is disposed at a side of the internal cavity of the radome 70 close to the antenna base 80 or at a central position of the internal cavity of the radome 70. When the power dividing network 10 includes a plurality of power dividers, the power dividers are arranged at different positions or the same position.
In one embodiment, the working frequency band of the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna is 512MHz-2500 MHz.
Optionally, the working frequency band of the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna is implemented by the radiation array element 40. The high-frequency working frequency band which can be realized by the whole structure of the radiation array element 40 is 1000MHz-2500MHz, and the low-frequency band which can be realized by the first circular table radiator 200 in the radiation array element 40 is 512MHz-1000 MHz.
Fig. 9 shows an implementation result of the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna according to the present application. As can be seen from the standing wave curve diagram in FIG. 9, in the embodiment of the present application, the voltage standing wave ratio is less than or equal to 3 in the frequency band range of 512MHz to 2500 MHz. The standing wave requirement of the vehicle-mounted omnidirectional antenna is completely met.
In the embodiment, the power distribution network, the feed network, the support assembly and the radiation array element are all fixed in the inner cavity of the antenna housing by arranging the rod-shaped antenna housing, so that the antenna has a compact structure and realizes the protection of the inner unit of the antenna; in addition, the antenna housing is arranged to be rod-shaped, so that the communication requirements of vertical polarization and horizontal omnidirectional of the antenna are further met.
In one embodiment, an apparatus is provided. The equipment comprises an equipment body and the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna as in any one of the above embodiments.
Wherein, the equipment body includes vehicle radio station etc.. In the embodiment of the application, the installation mode of the linear array vehicle-mounted antenna on the equipment body is not limited.
The technical features of the above embodiments can be arbitrarily combined, and for the sake of brevity, all possible combinations of the technical features in the above embodiments are not described, but should be considered as the scope of the present specification as long as there is no contradiction between the combinations of the technical features.
The above-mentioned embodiments only express several embodiments of the present application, and the description thereof is more specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present application. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the concept of the present application, which falls within the scope of protection of the present application. Therefore, the protection scope of the present application shall be subject to the appended claims.
Claims (13)
1. The linear array vehicle-mounted antenna is characterized by comprising a power division network, at least two feed networks, a nonmetal support component and at least two radiation array elements, wherein one radiation array element corresponds to one feed network; the power division network is connected with the at least two radiating array elements through the at least two feed networks; two adjacent radiation array elements are connected through the supporting component;
each radiating array element comprises a first radiating oscillator and a second radiating oscillator which are oppositely arranged and are in symmetrical structures; the first radiation oscillator and the second radiation oscillator respectively comprise a first circular truncated cone radiator, a columnar radiator and a second circular truncated cone radiator, one end of the first circular truncated cone radiator is connected with one end of the columnar radiator, and the other end of the columnar radiator is connected with one end of the second circular truncated cone radiator; the second round-table radiating bodies of the first radiating oscillator and the second radiating oscillator are arranged in opposite directions, wherein the diameter of one end, facing the columnar radiating body, of the first round-table radiating body is smaller than that of one end, far away from the columnar radiating body, of the first round-table radiating body; the diameter of one end, facing the columnar radiator, of the second circular truncated cone radiator is larger than that of one end, far away from the columnar radiator, of the second circular truncated cone radiator.
2. The linear array vehicle antenna of claim 1, the support assembly is a hollow support frame in the shape of a double arrow, one end of the hollow support frame is clamped inside a first circular truncated cone radiator of a second radiation element of a previous radiation array element, and the other end of the hollow support frame is clamped inside a first circular truncated cone radiator of a first radiation element of a subsequent radiation array element.
3. The linear array vehicle antenna of claim 2, the hollow support frame comprising a first support portion of a truncated cone structure, a second support portion of a columnar structure, and a third support portion of a truncated cone structure, the first support portion being connected to the third support portion through the second support portion;
the first supporting part is clamped in the first round platform radiator of the second radiation oscillator of the previous radiation array element, and the third supporting part is clamped in the first round platform radiator of the first radiation oscillator of the next radiation array element.
4. The linear array vehicle antenna defined in claim 3, further comprising a non-metallic cylindrical support frame that fits around the cylindrical radiator of the radiating element and the second frustoconical radiator.
5. The linear array vehicle antenna of claim 3, the feed network comprising a feed-connected choke and a matching network, the power splitting network being disposed inside the second support portion, the matching network being disposed inside the radiating element;
the power distribution network is in feed connection with the matching network through the choke device;
the matching network is a multi-order coaxial gradient line, and the feed network is connected with the feed of the radiating array element through an inner conductor of the multi-order coaxial gradient line.
6. The linear array vehicle-mounted antenna as recited in claim 5, wherein the periphery of the second support part is provided with an annular crotch stopping part;
the radio frequency cable connected with the output port of the power distribution network is wound between the annular crotch stopping part and the third supporting part to form the choke device; a radio frequency cable extending from the choke is in feed connection with the matching network.
7. The linear array vehicle antenna of claim 5, the length of the matching network being λ/4, the λ being an operating wavelength of the linear array vehicle antenna.
8. The linear array vehicle antenna of claim 5, the power distribution network having four output ports, the linear array vehicle antenna comprising four radiating elements, four feed networks, and three support assemblies;
and each output port of the power distribution network is connected with one corresponding radiating array element through a feed network.
9. The linear array vehicle antenna of claim 8, the power divider network comprising a first power divider, a second power divider, and a third power divider, the first power divider, the second power divider, and the third power divider all being multi-order coaxial graduations;
a first inner conductor of the first power divider is electrically connected with an input port of the second power divider, and a second inner conductor of the first power divider is electrically connected with an input port of the third power divider;
the second power divider and the third power divider are coaxial gradual change lines with one-to-two functions.
10. The linear array vehicle antenna of claim 9, wherein the first power divider, the second power divider, and the third power divider each have a length of 3 λ/4.
11. The linear array vehicle antenna of any one of claims 1-10, further comprising an antenna cap, a rod-shaped radome, and an antenna mount;
the antenna comprises a power distribution network, a feed network, a support component and a radiation array element, wherein the power distribution network, the feed network, the support component and the radiation array element are all fixed in an inner cavity of an antenna housing, an antenna cap is detachably fixed at one end of the antenna housing, and an antenna seat is connected at the other end of the antenna housing.
12. The linear array vehicle antenna of any one of claims 1 to 10, having an operating frequency band of 512MHz to 2500 MHz.
13. An apparatus, characterized by comprising an apparatus body and a linear array vehicle antenna as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 12.
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| CN202111651455.6A CN114050405B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Linear array vehicle-mounted antenna and equipment |
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| CN202111651455.6A CN114050405B (en) | 2021-12-31 | 2021-12-31 | Linear array vehicle-mounted antenna and equipment |
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