CN114043853A - A gas layer introduction device for anti-wetting of solid surface and its application - Google Patents
A gas layer introduction device for anti-wetting of solid surface and its application Download PDFInfo
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- CN114043853A CN114043853A CN202111280581.5A CN202111280581A CN114043853A CN 114043853 A CN114043853 A CN 114043853A CN 202111280581 A CN202111280581 A CN 202111280581A CN 114043853 A CN114043853 A CN 114043853A
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- air
- wetting
- solid surface
- air outlet
- gas layer
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60J—WINDOWS, WINDSCREENS, NON-FIXED ROOFS, DOORS, OR SIMILAR DEVICES FOR VEHICLES; REMOVABLE EXTERNAL PROTECTIVE COVERINGS SPECIALLY ADAPTED FOR VEHICLES
- B60J1/00—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor
- B60J1/002—Windows; Windscreens; Accessories therefor with means for clear vision, e.g. anti-frost or defog panes, rain shields
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
- B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60S—SERVICING, CLEANING, REPAIRING, SUPPORTING, LIFTING, OR MANOEUVRING OF VEHICLES, NOT OTHERWISE PROVIDED FOR
- B60S1/00—Cleaning of vehicles
- B60S1/02—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices
- B60S1/54—Cleaning windscreens, windows or optical devices using gas, e.g. hot air
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Air-Conditioning For Vehicles (AREA)
- Physical Or Chemical Processes And Apparatus (AREA)
Abstract
本发明公开了一种用于固体表面防润湿的气层引入装置及其在防雨车窗中的应用，该装置包括固体表面，所述固体表面的一侧设置有气层引入面，所述气层引入面上设置有出风口，所述出风口对应的空气层的下表面与所述固体表面平行；所述固体表面作为液滴冲击表面，实现防润湿时，其与水平面之间具有夹角θ。本发明通过在固体表面引入空气层的方式，实现了表面对冲击液滴的防润湿效果，使表面保持干燥，该方法简单有效，适用于各种防润湿表面。
The invention discloses a device for introducing an air layer for preventing wetting of a solid surface and its application in a rain-proof vehicle window. The device comprises a solid surface, and one side of the solid surface is provided with an air layer introducing surface, so the An air outlet is arranged on the introduction surface of the air layer, and the lower surface of the air layer corresponding to the air outlet is parallel to the solid surface; the solid surface acts as a droplet impact surface, and when anti-wetting is realized, the space between it and the horizontal surface is has an included angle θ. The invention realizes the anti-wetting effect of the surface to the impact droplets by introducing an air layer on the solid surface, and keeps the surface dry. The method is simple and effective, and is suitable for various anti-wetting surfaces.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of anti-wetting surfaces, and particularly relates to an air layer introducing device for preventing wetting of a solid surface and application thereof.
Background
Wettability, as an essential property of solid surfaces, plays an important role in every aspect of daily life, industry and agriculture. In recent years, functional surfaces with specific wettability have been widely studied and developed due to their great advantages in applications. In many application scenarios, it is often desirable that the surface be repellent to liquids and thus keep the surface dry. The key to realizing the lyophobic effect lies in the construction of surface roughness, namely the introduction of a gas layer of a solid-liquid interface.
In the current research systems, the methods for repelling liquid (preventing wetting) by introducing the surface of the gas layer are mainly as follows: (1) using some low-adhesion surfaces in nature, such as lotus leaf surfaces having a self-cleaning effect, cicada wing surfaces, and water strider leg surfaces capable of walking on the water surface, and the like; (2) constructing an artificial super-lyophobic surface with low surface energy and surface roughness simultaneously; (3) forming an air cushion to achieve non-wetting by heating the surface above the leidenfrost temperature; (4) the surface lyophobic is realized by introducing a gas layer through the mechanical vibration or rotation of the surface.
However, these methods often have certain drawbacks and limitations in practical applications. For example, low adhesion ultralyophobic surfaces are often limited in use due to insufficient mechanical strength and low transparency; mechanical vibration or methods of rotating a surface typically require special equipment or special use scenarios.
In particular, in the practical application of rain-proof windows, the disadvantages of using these methods are particularly obvious. During driving in rainy days, the adhesion and wetting of the side window glass and the surface of the rearview mirror caused by rain water seriously affect the definition and visibility of the rearview mirror. The driver can see the rear road condition from the rearview mirror only through the side window glass, the raindrops left on the side window glass, the raindrops on the surface of the rearview mirror and other heavy obstacles, the safety sight range is greatly reduced, and the driving safety is seriously influenced. The current method for removing raindrops mainly adopts means of manually wiping, reducing the surface tension of glass (coating soap, surfactant and the like), dewatering and rainproof film and the like. Clearly these methods do not achieve repeated use or effective anti-wetting effect.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects in the prior art, the air layer introducing device for preventing the wetting of the solid surface and the application thereof solve the problem of poor reusability of the traditional rain-repellent film patch or rain-proof agent when the surface is prevented from being wetted.
In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the invention adopts the technical scheme that: a gas layer introducing device for preventing a solid surface from being wetted comprises a solid surface, wherein a gas layer introducing surface is arranged on one side of the solid surface, an air outlet is formed in the gas layer introducing surface, and the lower surface of an air layer corresponding to the air outlet is parallel to the solid surface;
the solid surface is used as a liquid drop impact surface, and when the anti-wetting effect is realized, an included angle theta is formed between the solid surface and a horizontal plane.
Further, the air outlet is connected with an air outlet of the air compressor.
Furthermore, the width of the air outlet can be adjusted, and the thickness h of the corresponding air layer is 100 mu m < h <5 mm.
Further, the shape of the air outlet is rectangular, circular or trapezoidal.
Further, the air flow rate u in the air layer is related to the air flow rate q and the size of the air outlet.
Further, the relationship formula that the air flow rate u, the air flow rate q and the size of the air outlet satisfy is as follows:
in the formula, rho is the density of the liquid drops, D is the diameter of the liquid drops, and n is the thickness of the air layer corresponding to the air outlet.
Further, the air flow is 10L/min < q < 200L/min; the air flow rate u is 5m/s < u <200 m/s.
Further, the impact surface has an angle θ with the horizontal plane of 0 ° < θ <90 °.
Further, the air outlet arranged on the air layer leading-in surface is of a hole array structure.
Use of an air layer introduction device for protection of solid surfaces against wetting in the protection of windscreen windows.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
(1) the method realizes the anti-wetting effect of the surface on impact liquid drops by introducing the air layer into the solid surface, keeps the surface dry, is simple and effective, and is suitable for various anti-wetting surfaces;
(2) the air layer introducing device is additionally arranged at the proper position of the side window of the automobile, so that the rainproof effect can be effectively achieved, the vision blind area caused by raindrop adhesion of the rear window of the side window and a rearview mirror in driving in rainy days is avoided, the clear vision of a driver is maintained, and the driving safety in rainy days is improved;
(3) the method is simple and effective, and avoids similar problems of poor repeated use of the rain-shedding film patch or the rain-proof agent and the like;
(4) the method has controllable cost and has great social value and economic value in industrialized production and application.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a gas layer introduction device for preventing wetting of a solid surface.
FIG. 2 is a diagram showing the effect of the invention on preventing the wetting of the glass surface by impact drops under the action of the gas layer.
FIG. 3 shows the phenomenon of wetting of the glass surface by the impact droplets without the action of the gas layer.
FIG. 4 is a diagram showing the anti-wetting effect of the side window glass surface under the action of the air layer in the driving simulation in the rainy environment.
FIG. 5 shows the phenomenon of blurred vision on the surface of the side window glass when no air layer is applied in the driving simulation in the rainy day environment.
Wherein: 1. an air outlet; 2. a gas layer introduction face; 3. a solid surface; 4. an air layer; 5. impacting the droplets.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention is provided to facilitate the understanding of the present invention by those skilled in the art, but it should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the scope of the embodiments, and it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that various changes may be made without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined and defined in the appended claims, and all matters produced by the invention using the inventive concept are protected.
Example 1:
as shown in fig. 1, a gas layer introducing device for preventing a solid surface from being wetted includes a solid surface 3, a gas layer introducing surface 2 is disposed on one side of the solid surface 3, an air outlet 1 is disposed on the gas layer introducing surface 2, and a lower surface of an air layer 4 corresponding to the air outlet 1 is parallel to the solid surface 3;
the solid surface 3 is used as a liquid drop impact surface, and when the anti-wetting effect is realized, an included angle theta is formed between the solid surface and the horizontal plane.
The air layer introducing device introduces the air layer 4 into the solid surface 3 through designing the air outlet 1, so that the impact liquid drops 5 impacting on the solid surface 3 bounce off the surface under the action of the air layer 4, and the effect of preventing the surface from being wetted is achieved. And the lower surface of the air layer 4 is arranged to be parallel to the solid surface 3, so that the subsequently applied air layer flows through the solid surface 3, and the anti-wetting effect is further achieved.
The air outlet 1 in this embodiment is connected with the air outlet 1 of the air compressor, and the anti-wetting effect of the solid surface 3 is adjusted by controlling the air outlet parameter of the air outlet 1 of the air compressor.
The width of the air outlet 1 in this embodiment is adjustable, the thickness h of the corresponding air layer 4 is 100 μm < h <5mm, when the thickness of the air layer is determined, the thickness of the air layer is too thin, the loss in the x direction and the y direction under the same initial flow rate is large, and a thin stable air flow layer cannot be formed, because the air outlet is very small at this time, the air is diverged and ejected, and the thickness of the air layer is too thick, the flow of the lost air is large, at this time, the air outlet can be improved in other ways, such as changing the shape and distribution of the air outlet; thus, the greater the thickness of the air layer, the less wetting the surface by the impinging droplets is when the air flow is sufficient, but in practice it is not possible to provide an infinite air flow.
The shape of air outlet 1 in this embodiment is rectangle, circular or trapezoidal, the shape selection of multiple air outlet is provided in this embodiment in order to adapt to different practical application scenarios, specifically, under certain gas flow q, the size of air flow rate of the air outlet is directly determined by the size of the cross-sectional area of the air outlet, in some scenarios requiring a large gas layer coverage area, an air outlet is directly designed, for example, a rectangular plane air outlet, one needs a very large gas flow rate to reach the required gas flow rate, and then unnecessary energy loss can be caused, at this moment, a row of spaced circular small holes can be considered to be designed, that is, the gas layer coverage area is not affected, and the gas flow rate is not lost.
In the present embodiment, based on the setting of the air compressor, the air flow rate u in the air layer 4 is related to the air flow rate q and the size of the air outlet 1;
the air flow is 10L/min < q < 200L/min; the air flow rate u is 5m/s < u <200 m/s;
specifically, once the liquid drop falls to the air layer, it is subjected to a strong dynamic pressure exerted on the liquid drop by the air, and when the component of the pneumatic force F in the vertical direction can overcome the impact inertia of the liquid drop, the liquid drop can be rebounded, whereby the relationship among the air flow velocity u, the impact velocity v, and the air flow layer thickness n can be obtained as follows:
where ρ is the density of the droplet and D is the diameter of the droplet. In principle, this condition is satisfied to achieve anti-wetting.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 1, the angle θ between the impact surface and the horizontal plane is 0 ° < θ <90 °.
In this embodiment, the air outlet 1 formed on the air layer introducing surface 2 is of a hole array structure, so as to enlarge the use area and meet the requirement of anti-wetting in a larger demand range.
It should be noted that the solid surface 3 in this embodiment may be made of any material, and the impact surface is not limited by interfacial wettability, and may be any wettability surface such as hydrophilic, super-hydrophilic, and hydrophobic surfaces. In addition, the liquid drop impacting on the impact surface in the embodiment is not limited by the viscosity and surface tension of the liquid, and is mostly a water drop, generally, a water drop with the diameter of 1mm < D <5.4mm is selected, the size of the water drop refers to a conventional use size of the liquid drop in a liquid drop impact experiment, for the experiment performed in a laboratory, the lower limit of the liquid drop is the minimum value of the liquid drop which can be dropped, and for the liquid drop with the size of hundreds of microns and tens of microns, a special device or a needle is needed for dropping. Whereas droplets that are too large, i.e. exceeding the capillary length, require the influence of gravity to be taken into account in the impact experiment. In practical application, such as raining weather, the size of the liquid drop is controlled according to the size of the raindrop, and the distribution problem of the size of the raindrop is also considered in the parameter range of the liquid drop.
The embodiment also provides application of the air layer introducing device in rainproof window glass.
In the embodiment, the air layer device is directly arranged on the vehicle window glass to realize the anti-wetting effect, the device structure is shown in figure 1, the air outlet 1 is rectangular in the embodiment and has the size of 15mm x 2mm, an air compressor is adopted to introduce compressed air with the flow rate q of 20L/min, the speed of the finally obtained air layer u is 11m/s, and the thickness h of the air layer is 2 mm. The impact velocity of the droplets was 0.5m/s and the diameter D of the impacting droplets 5 was 2.5 mm. The surface used is a common glass surface. Before the liquid drops fall under the impact, air is introduced in advance to ensure that the air layer stably flows on the surface. The results show that under the action of the gas layer, when the liquid drop impacts the glass surface, the liquid drop bounces off and never contacts the surface and is separated from the surface, and the phenomenon is shown in figure 2. This shows that the method well realizes the effect of preventing the surface from being wetted by liquid drops.
Comparative example 1:
unlike example 1 described above, the present comparative example formed a gas layer without introducing air into the gas layer 4, and the result showed that, as shown in fig. 3, the impact liquid droplets adhered to the surface and were difficult to detach when they impacted the glass surface without the action of the gas layer.
Example 2:
in this embodiment will be used for the experimental simulation device that the solid surface defends moist air layer introducing device uses the rain-proof door window of car, include the clear glass who is car side window glass, as the optical mirror of car rear-view mirror, the raindrop sprinkler of simulation rainy scene to and air outlet device. In the present embodiment, the outlet 1 is rectangular in shape and has a dimension of 5mm by 2 mm. Compressed air with the flow q of 80L/min is introduced by an air compressor. The raindrop speed of the raindrop sprayer is 5m/s, and the diameter D distribution of the sprayed liquid drops is 1 mm-6 mm. As in example 1, air was introduced before the raindrops were sprayed to ensure a steady flow of air over the surface. The result shows that under the action of the air layer, the glass surface has good anti-wetting effect on sprayed raindrops, so that the picture of the rearview mirror obtained from the side window glass is very clear, and the rainproof effect is shown in figure 4.
Comparative example 2:
unlike example 2, in this comparative example, compressed air was not introduced to form the air layer. As a result, when no air layer is applied, as shown in fig. 5, the raindrops that impact may adhere to the side window glass surface, resulting in a blurred view of the rear view mirror obtained from the side window glass.
Claims (10)
1. A gas layer introducing device for preventing a solid surface from being wetted comprises a solid surface (3), and is characterized in that one side of the solid surface (3) is provided with a gas layer introducing surface (2), an air outlet (1) is arranged on the gas layer introducing surface (2), and the lower surface of an air layer (4) corresponding to the air outlet (1) is parallel to the solid surface (3);
the solid surface (3) is used as a liquid drop impact surface, and when the anti-wetting effect is realized, an included angle theta is formed between the solid surface and a horizontal plane.
2. The vapor layer introduction device for the anti-wetting of solid surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that the air outlet (1) is connected to the air outlet of an air compressor.
3. The gas layer introduction device for the dewetting prevention of a solid surface according to claim 1, wherein the width of the air outlet (1) is adjustable, and the thickness h of the corresponding air layer (4) is 100 μm < h <5 mm.
4. The gas layer introduction device for the anti-wetting of solid surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that the shape of the air outlet (1) is rectangular, circular or trapezoidal.
5. The device for the introduction of a gas layer for the anti-wetting of solid surfaces according to claim 1, characterized in that the air flow rate u in the gas layer (4) is related to the air flow rate q and the size of the air outlet.
6. The device of claim 5, wherein the relationship between the air flow rate u, the air flow rate q and the size of the air outlet is as follows:
in the formula, rho is the density of the liquid drops, D is the diameter of the liquid drops, and n is the thickness of the air layer corresponding to the air outlet.
7. The gas layer introduction device for solid surface anti-wetting according to claim 5, wherein the air flow is 10L/min < q < 200L/min; the air flow rate u is 5m/s < u <200 m/s.
8. The vapor layer introduction device for anti-wetting of solid surfaces according to claim 1, wherein the angle θ of the impact surface to the horizontal is 0 ° < θ <90 °.
9. The gas layer introduction device for the anti-wetting of the solid surface according to claim 1, wherein the air outlets (1) arranged on the gas layer introduction face (2) are in an array of holes.
10. Use of a device according to any one of claims 1 to 7 in a weatherproof window pane.
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