CN114039623A - Low-carrier-to-noise-ratio short burst spread spectrum signal tracking method - Google Patents
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Abstract
The invention discloses a short burst spread spectrum signal tracking technology with low carrier-to-noise ratio, belonging to the technical field of receiving in short frame burst direct sequence spread spectrum communication. It relates to the short burst spread spectrum signal receiving technology, especially to the low carrier-to-noise ratio short burst signal tracking technology; the receiving technology uses a data reuse technology, a parallel multi-channel fine capture and a closed-loop feedback synchronization algorithm aiming at single-tone serial and direct sequence spread spectrum CDMA signals, and has the advantages of low complexity, high precision and low carrier-to-noise ratio threshold compared with the traditional open-loop feedforward synchronization algorithm; meanwhile, compared with the traditional closed-loop feedback synchronization algorithm, the convergence speed is higher, and the convergence can be quickly carried out within dozens of symbols. The realization method of the invention has the characteristics of novelty, creativity, simplicity and practicability.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a short burst spread spectrum signal receiving technology, in particular to a low carrier-to-noise ratio short burst signal tracking technology, belonging to the technical field of receiving in short frame burst direct sequence spread spectrum communication.
Background
The short burst signal has short duration, uncertain starting and ending time, and different statistical characteristics of each signal, so that the information of the previous received signal cannot be used by the next signal. Unlike the continuous signal which does not pay attention to the initial signal processing effect and pays attention to the effect after the synchronization algorithm converges, for the reception of short burst signals, the receiver must know the starting and stopping time of each burst signal and quickly, stably and accurately converge in the synchronization head period of the signal starting, so that the correct demodulation of information is possible. One of the hot spots is the research on tracking algorithm in burst signal receiving technology.
For burst signal tracking, the traditional closed loop feedback synchronization technology has the defects that the loop convergence time is slow, and the synchronization time is long and difficult to be applied to burst signal receiving; the open-loop feedforward synchronization technology has the disadvantages of high complexity, high computation amount, high threshold of signal-to-noise ratio and insufficient estimation in a low signal-to-noise ratio dynamic environment.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the technical problem of providing a short burst spread spectrum signal tracking method with low carrier-to-noise ratio, which avoids the defects of the background technology.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
a low carrier-to-noise ratio short burst spread spectrum signal tracking method comprises the following steps:
(1) firstly, writing a digital signal s (t) acquired by a radio frequency front end into a DDR, caching for a certain time and then reading the digital signal s (t) from the DDR to obtain a digital signal s after determining time delayd(t)。
(2) Positioning s according to the captured resultd(t) starting position of short burst signal in digital stream, using N closed-loop feedback synchronous tracking channel pairs sd(t) performing tracking.
(3) And (3) soft-deciding an optimal channel according to the demodulation information of the N channels, and then decoding the original text demodulated by the optimal channel to obtain final information.
Wherein the buffering time in the step (1) is larger than the time required for signal acquisition.
Wherein, in the step (2), the N tracking channels use the code ring and the carrier ring with the same parameters, but different local carrier frequencies are set during initialization. The initial local carrier frequency setting values of the N channels take the carrier frequency of the captured result as the center, the Doppler estimation deviation of the capture module is an interval boundary, and values are uniformly taken in the interval.
And (3) comparing the demodulation accuracy of the N channel synchronization heads and the known codes, and judging that the channel with the highest accuracy is the optimal channel.
Compared with the background technology, the invention has the following advantages:
a) aiming at single-tone serial and direct sequence spread spectrum CDMA signals, the invention uses a data reuse technology, a parallel multi-channel fine capture and closed loop feedback synchronization algorithm, and has the advantages of low complexity, high precision and low carrier-to-noise ratio threshold compared with the traditional open loop feedforward synchronization algorithm; meanwhile, compared with the traditional closed-loop feedback synchronization algorithm, the convergence speed is higher, and the convergence can be quickly carried out within dozens of symbols; in addition, the method of the invention can adapt to larger capture Doppler error by increasing the number of parallel tracking channels.
b) The method can be realized by using a digital signal processing method, and a high-capacity FPGA is used as a platform, or a DSP + FPGA architecture platform is used for realizing flexible control of the channel.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic block diagram of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a text frame format of the burst signal of the present invention.
FIG. 3 is a block diagram of a closed loop feedback tracking channel of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The block diagram of the design tracking technology of the invention is shown in fig. 1, and mainly comprises a data cache module (DDR memory), a parallel feedback tracking channel, an optimal judgment module and a decoding module.
The digital sampling signal is a digital intermediate frequency signal s (t) sampled and down-converted by a radio frequency front end AD, and a frame structure of the short burst signal is shown in fig. 2 and includes a synchronization header, a known code and a data segment. The modulation message of the sync header is typically all '0' or all '1', and the modulation message of the known code is several sequences predetermined in advance for the receiver to obtain certain information of the data segment, such as a message symbol rate indicating the data segment, etc. The data segment is the specific information content of the signal transmission. The tracking method provided by the invention reuses the data of the synchronous head and the known code of the burst signal, and completes signal tracking convergence before the data segment.
The specific implementation process is as follows:
(1) firstly, inputting a digital sampling signal into a DDR memory, caching the digital signal by using the DDR memory, and caching delta TDDRAfter a time interval, the data is read out in a FIFO manner. Requirement of Δ TDDRGreater than the time required for signal acquisition, the read signal is sd(t)＝s(t-ΔTDDR) Since the acquisition algorithm usually needs to use the signal synchronization header to complete the acquisition estimation, through the DDR signal buffer, after the acquisition result is obtained, the data reuse can be performed on the initial part of the short burst signal, such as the synchronization header and the known code period, so as to increase the time available for the stable convergence of the tracking loop.
(2) Assuming that the carrier estimation frequency in the acquisition result output by the receiver is fcThe maximum value of the Doppler estimation deviation acquired by the receiver design is fdmaxReceiver tracking single channel device
Maximum allowable Doppler deviation of the meter is fd' then the initial local carrier frequency of the N parallel tracking channels is at fc-fdmax,fc+fdmax]The interval and the value are uniformly taken in the interval
The design allows the receiver to increase or decrease the number N of the parallel tracking channels to make delta f smaller than fd' to adapt the tracking algorithm to the doppler estimation accuracy of the receiver acquisition module.
Positioning s according to the captured resultd(t) start time of short burst signal in digital stream: suppose that the time of signal start in the acquisition result is tacqThen t isacq+ΔTDDRThe time is sd(t) the start time of a short burst signal in the signal. At tacq+ΔTDDRStarting N closed loop feedback synchronous tracking channel pairs s at any momentd(t) the signal is tracked. The closed-loop feedback synchronous tracking channel is shown in fig. 3, and the loop filter is in a form of a second-order phase-locked loop plus a code loop (PLL + DLL).
Intermediate frequency signal s in fig. 3d(t) first undergo digital quadrature down-conversion to obtain a baseband I, Q signal. I. The Q baseband signal and the local pseudo code with different phases are subjected to coherent integration to obtain an advanced (Early), real-time and delayed (Late) coherent integration value I of I, Q branchE、QE、IP、QP、IL、QL。
The coherent integration values of the leading branch and the lagging branch are sent to a code loop phase discriminator, the phase discrimination method uses a noncoherent leading and lagging power method, and the unitized phase discrimination formula is
Wherein,
and sending the obtained code phase discrimination error delta into a code loop filter in the loop phase discrimination filter, and adjusting the local code NCO by the output of the code loop filter.
The instantaneous branch coherent integration value is fed into a carrier ring phase detector, and the phase detection uses a method of multiplying I, Q branch signals, because the phase detection method still has better performance under the condition of low signal-to-noise ratio, the calculation formula is
φe＝QPIP
The obtained phase discrimination error phi of the carriereAnd the output of the carrier loop filter adjusts a local carrier NCO. The carrier loop uses a second order loop because the second order phase locked loop is theoretically unconditionally stable.
(3) And the optimal decision module selects an optimal channel according to the principle of lowest bit error rate according to the synchronization head demodulated by the N channels and the known code sequence.
(4) And the decoding module decodes the original telegraph text obtained by demodulating the optimal channel to obtain the sending information before the sending end codes.
The invention realizes the principle that: the invention solves the problem of fast and stable tracking of short burst signals under low carrier-to-noise ratio by utilizing a data reuse technology and a parallel multi-channel fine capture and closed loop feedback synchronization algorithm.
In addition to the above-described implementation steps, other implementations of the present invention are possible. All technical solutions which adopt equivalent substitutions or equivalent transformations fall within the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. A method for tracking a short burst spread spectrum signal with a low carrier-to-noise ratio is characterized by comprising the following steps:
(1) writing the digital signal s (t) acquired by the radio frequency front end into a DDR memory, caching the digital signal s (t) for a set time, and reading the digital signal s (t) from the DDR memory to obtain the digital signal s after determining the time delayd(t)；
(2) According to a digital stream sd(t) starting position of medium short burst signal, using multiple closed-loop feedback synchronous tracking channel pairs sd(t) tracking, and demodulating a synchronization head and a known code sequence of each tracking channel;
(3) and soft-deciding an optimal channel according to the demodulation information of the channels, and then decoding the information demodulated by the optimal channel to obtain final information.
2. The method for tracking a short burst spread spectrum signal with a low carrier-to-noise ratio according to claim 1, wherein the buffering time in step (1) is longer than the time required for signal acquisition.
3. The method for tracking the short burst spread spectrum signal with low carrier-to-noise ratio according to claim 1, wherein in step (2), the plurality of tracking channels use a code ring and a carrier ring with the same parameters, different local carrier frequencies are set during initialization, the initial local carrier frequency setting values of the plurality of channels use the carrier frequency of the captured result as a center, the captured doppler estimation deviation is an interval boundary, and values are uniformly taken in the interval.
4. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the specific way of soft-decision of the optimal channel in step (3) is as follows: and comparing the demodulation accuracy of the synchronous heads of the plurality of tracking channels and the known code sequence, and judging the channel with the highest accuracy as the optimal channel.
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115276712A (en) * | 2022-07-22 | 2022-11-01 | 山东航天电子技术研究所 | Low-complexity burst spread spectrum signal capturing method |
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