CN114032478A - Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- 229910000808 amorphous metal alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 68
- 238000002360 preparation method Methods 0.000 title abstract description 11
- 229910052726 zirconium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 229910052769 Ytterbium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 4
- 239000010949 copper Substances 0.000 claims description 36
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 32
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 claims description 30
- 238000003723 Smelting Methods 0.000 claims description 28
- 229910052802 copper Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 27
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims description 20
- 230000006698 induction Effects 0.000 claims description 18
- 229910052735 hafnium Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N Copper Chemical compound [Cu] RYGMFSIKBFXOCR-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 15
- 238000004512 die casting Methods 0.000 claims description 14
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000005406 washing Methods 0.000 claims description 11
- 238000005266 casting Methods 0.000 claims description 7
- 239000003870 refractory metal Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000013329 compounding Methods 0.000 abstract description 8
- QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N Zirconium Chemical compound [Zr] QCWXUUIWCKQGHC-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 abstract description 4
- 231100000701 toxic element Toxicity 0.000 abstract description 4
- 239000000956 alloy Substances 0.000 description 33
- 229910045601 alloy Inorganic materials 0.000 description 29
- 238000002844 melting Methods 0.000 description 17
- 230000008018 melting Effects 0.000 description 17
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 15
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 14
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 14
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 14
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 10
- 238000002441 X-ray diffraction Methods 0.000 description 9
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 7
- 238000010891 electric arc Methods 0.000 description 6
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 6
- 238000005303 weighing Methods 0.000 description 6
- 239000002131 composite material Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000007788 liquid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011259 mixed solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000011573 trace mineral Substances 0.000 description 3
- 235000013619 trace mineral Nutrition 0.000 description 3
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 230000005489 elastic deformation Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000001228 spectrum Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910017870 Cu—Ni—Al Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000007797 corrosion Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005260 corrosion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000012535 impurity Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000011261 inert gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000005389 magnetism Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 231100000252 nontoxic Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000003000 nontoxic effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000011056 performance test Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052761 rare earth metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005201 scrubbing Methods 0.000 description 1
- 231100000419 toxicity Toxicity 0.000 description 1
- 230000001988 toxicity Effects 0.000 description 1
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C45/00—Amorphous alloys
- C22C45/10—Amorphous alloys with molybdenum, tungsten, niobium, tantalum, titanium, or zirconium or Hf as the major constituent
-
- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/02—Making non-ferrous alloys by melting
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
- C22C—ALLOYS
- C22C1/00—Making non-ferrous alloys
- C22C1/11—Making amorphous alloys
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the technical field of amorphous alloy, and particularly relates to a Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity and a preparation method thereof, wherein the atomic expression is as follows: zraCubNicAldFeeHfpMr(ii) a Wherein M is one or more of Ti, Ho and Yb; the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity takes zirconium as a main element, does not contain a toxic element Be with the capacity of remarkably improving amorphous forming capacity, and ensures the strength of the amorphous alloy and simultaneously ensures the amorphous alloy to have certain plasticity through compounding of other elements.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of amorphous alloys, and particularly relates to a Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity and a preparation method thereof.
Background
Due to the unique physical and mechanical properties of the bulk amorphous alloy, such as excellent magnetism, high elastic limit, high strength, high hardness, wear resistance, corrosion resistance and the like, the bulk amorphous alloy becomes the most promising structural and functional material, however, due to the absence of microstructure defects such as dislocation and the like, the macroscopic plastic deformation of most amorphous alloys is very limited, which seriously restricts the application of the amorphous alloy as a high-strength engineering material.
In recent years, multi-element amorphous alloys with large plastic deformation capacity are designed and developed successively, and Zr-Cu-Ni-Al, Zr-Cu-Fe-Al and the like are designed and developed, so that the amorphous alloys have certain plasticity. However, the plasticity of the amorphous alloy is greatly reduced due to the influence of impurities, the purity of raw materials and other factors, and the amorphous alloy formed by adopting industrial raw materials has lower purity, so that the plasticity of the amorphous alloy is directly lost and brittle fracture occurs.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity and a preparation method thereof.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention provides a Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity, and the atomic expression formula is as follows: zraCubNicAldFeeHfpMr(ii) a Wherein M is one or more of Ti, Ho and Yb; and a, b, c, d, e, p and r are atomic percent of each element respectively, wherein b is more than 25 and less than 30; c is more than 8 and less than 10; d is more than 10 and less than 15; e is more than 0 and less than 5; p is more than 0.2 and less than 0.6; r is more than 0 and less than 0.2; the balance being Zr.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity, including: washing the raw materials with gas, and smelting to obtain molten metal; and cooling the molten metal, pouring the molten metal into a mold, and performing die casting after cooling to obtain the plastic low-cost bulk amorphous alloy.
The Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity has the beneficial effects that zirconium is used as a main element, the Zr-based amorphous alloy does not contain a toxic element Be with the capacity of remarkably improving amorphous forming capacity, and the amorphous alloy has certain plasticity while the strength of the amorphous alloy is ensured by compounding the rest elements; the oxygen element is an element harmful to the forming capability of the amorphous alloy, and the doping of the oxygen element is inevitably caused in the process from the raw material to the forming, so that the oxygen element of the alloy component is reduced by adding trace elements such as Ho and the like, the influence of oxygen is reduced, and the amorphous forming capability of the alloy is improved.
Additional features and advantages of the invention will be set forth in the description which follows, and in part will be obvious from the description, or may be learned by practice of the invention.
In order to make the aforementioned and other objects, features and advantages of the present invention comprehensible, preferred embodiments accompanied with figures are described in detail below.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings can be obtained by those skilled in the art without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is an XRD pattern of an amorphous alloy prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a stress-strain curve of an amorphous alloy prepared in example 1 of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is an XRD pattern of an amorphous alloy prepared in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a stress-strain curve of an amorphous alloy prepared in example 2 of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is an XRD pattern of an amorphous alloy prepared in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a stress-strain curve of an amorphous alloy prepared in example 3 of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is an XRD pattern of an amorphous alloy prepared in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 8 is a stress-strain curve of an amorphous alloy prepared in example 4 of the present invention;
FIG. 9 is an XRD spectrum of an amorphous alloy prepared in comparative example 1 of the present invention;
fig. 10 is a stress-strain curve of the amorphous alloy prepared in comparative example 1 of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is an XRD spectrum of an amorphous alloy prepared in comparative example 2 of the present invention;
fig. 12 is a stress-strain curve of the amorphous alloy prepared in comparative example 2 of the present invention.
Detailed Description
To make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some, but not all embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
The invention provides a Zr-based bulk amorphous alloy composite material which adopts low-purity industrial raw materials, has certain plastic deformation and excellent mechanical properties, aiming at the defect that amorphous alloy prepared by adopting the low-purity industrial raw materials does not have plasticity and is easy to brittle fracture.
The invention provides a Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity, and the atomic expression formula is as follows: zraCubNicAldFeeHfpMr(ii) a Wherein M is one or more of Ti, Ho and Yb; and a, b, c, d, e, p and r are atomic percent of each element respectively, wherein b is more than 25 and less than 30; c is more than 8 and less than 10; d is more than 10 and less than 15; e is more than 0 and less than 5; p is more than 0.2 and less than 0.6; r is more than 0 and less than 0.2; the balance being Zr.
In this example, the Zr atomic percent was 48 < a < 53.
Specifically, the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity provided by the invention takes zirconium as a main element, does not contain a toxic element Be with the capacity of remarkably improving amorphous forming capacity, and ensures that the amorphous alloy has certain plasticity while ensuring the strength of the amorphous alloy through compounding of other elements.
Specifically, oxygen is an element harmful to the forming capability of the amorphous alloy, and the doping of the oxygen is inevitably caused in the process from the raw material to the forming, so that the oxygen of the alloy components is reduced by adding trace elements such as Ho and the like, the influence of oxygen is reduced, and the amorphous forming capability of the alloy is improved.
Specifically, the invention adopts common metal elements, and through strict control of the components and compounding of the components, the amorphous forming capability of the alloy is maintained or improved, and the plasticity of the alloy is improved while the amorphous forming capability and strength of the alloy are ensured on the premise of adopting low-purity industrial raw materials.
In another aspect, the present invention also provides a method for preparing the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity, including: washing the raw materials with gas, and smelting to obtain molten metal; and cooling the molten metal, pouring the molten metal into a mold, and performing die casting after cooling to obtain the plastic Zr-based amorphous alloy.
Optionally, the method for obtaining the molten metal by performing gas scrubbing and smelting on the raw materials comprises the following steps: firstly, arc premelting is carried out on refractory metals Hf and Zr, and then vacuum induction smelting is carried out on the refractory metals Hf and Zr and the residual raw materials.
Optionally, the smelting temperature of the smelting is 1900-2000 ℃.
Optionally, the molten metal is cooled to 1200-1300 ℃ and then cast.
Optionally, the die casting is performed by using a copper die.
Specifically, arc premelting is carried out on refractory metal Hf and a proper amount of Zr to obtain premelted molten liquid, and vacuum induction smelting is carried out on the premelted molten liquid and the rest raw materials to obtain smelting mixed liquid; wherein, the lower the vacuum degree of the vacuum induction melting equipment is, the better the vacuum degree is, generally 20 MPa; the vacuum induction melting is performed with inert gas such as Ar or N2And washing gas; the melting temperature of the vacuum induction melting can be but is not limited to 1900-2000 ℃, and the melting time can be but is not limited to 5-10 min; and when the temperature of the smelting mixed solution is reduced to 1200-1300 ℃, pouring the smelting mixed solution into a mold to form an ingot, after the smelting mixed solution is completely cooled, taking out the ingot, placing the ingot into vacuum die casting equipment, and performing die casting by adopting a water-cooling copper mold.
Example 1
The nominal composition of the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity of this example 1 is: zr49.4Cu26Ni8.6Al12.45Fe3Hf0.5Ho0.05
The preparation method of the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity in this embodiment 1 is as follows: weighing the components in proportion, firstly smelting part of Cu and Hf by adopting an electric arc or high-temperature vacuum smelting furnace, and cooling and taking out after the Cu and Hf are completely smelted; adding pre-melted Cu-Hf and the rest raw materials into a crucible, putting the crucible into a vacuum melting furnace, vacuumizing to below 20Pa, washing gas twice, and turning on an induction melting power supply to heat to 1900-; cooling after the metal is completely melted, and when the temperature is lowered to 1200-1300 ℃, casting and cooling to room temperature in a mold with a regular shape; and (3) intercepting proper raw materials, carrying out vacuum induction copper die casting, and preparing an alloy bar with the diameter of 3mm by adopting copper die water cooling.
Example 2
The nominal composition of the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity of this example 1 is: zr49.8Cu25.6Ni8.75Al12.5Fe3Hf0.3Ho0.05
The preparation method of the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity in this embodiment 1 is as follows: weighing the components in proportion, firstly smelting part of Cu and Hf by adopting an electric arc or high-temperature vacuum smelting furnace, and cooling and taking out after the Cu and Hf are completely smelted; adding pre-melted Cu-Hf and the rest raw materials into a crucible, putting the crucible into a vacuum melting furnace, vacuumizing to below 20Pa, washing gas twice, and turning on an induction melting power supply to heat to 1900-; cooling after the metal is completely melted, and when the temperature is lowered to 1200-1300 ℃, casting and cooling to room temperature in a mold with a regular shape; and (3) intercepting proper raw materials, carrying out vacuum induction copper die casting, and preparing an alloy bar with the diameter of 3mm by adopting copper die water cooling.
Example 3
The nominal composition of the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity of this example 1 is: zr49.55Cu25.9Ni8.58Al12.41Fe3Hf0.5Ho0.06
The preparation method of the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity in this embodiment 1 is as follows: weighing the components in proportion, firstly smelting part of Cu and Hf by adopting an electric arc or high-temperature vacuum smelting furnace, and cooling and taking out after the Cu and Hf are completely smelted; adding pre-melted Cu-Hf and the rest raw materials into a crucible, putting the crucible into a vacuum melting furnace, vacuumizing to below 20Pa, washing gas twice, and turning on an induction melting power supply to heat to 1900-; cooling after the metal is completely melted, and when the temperature is lowered to 1200-1300 ℃, casting and cooling to room temperature in a mold with a regular shape; and (3) intercepting proper raw materials, carrying out vacuum induction copper die casting, and preparing an alloy bar with the diameter of 3mm by adopting copper die water cooling.
Example 4
The nominal composition of the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity of this example 4 is: zr50.8Cu26.8Ni8.8Al12.7Fe0.3 6Hf0.5Ho0.04
The preparation method of the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity in this embodiment 4 is as follows: weighing the components in proportion, firstly smelting part of Cu and Hf by adopting an electric arc or high-temperature vacuum smelting furnace, and cooling and taking out after the Cu and Hf are completely smelted; adding pre-melted Cu-Hf and the rest raw materials into a crucible, putting the crucible into a vacuum melting furnace, vacuumizing to below 20Pa, washing gas twice, and turning on an induction melting power supply to heat to 1900-; cooling after the metal is completely melted, and when the temperature is lowered to 1200-1300 ℃, casting and cooling to room temperature in a mold with a regular shape; and (3) intercepting proper raw materials, carrying out vacuum induction copper die casting, and preparing an alloy bar with the diameter of 3mm by adopting copper die water cooling.
Comparative example 1
The nominal composition of the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity of this comparative example 1 is: zr49.15Cu25.5Ni10.4Al11.45Fe3Hf0.5
The preparation method of the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity of the comparative example 1 is as follows: weighing the components in proportion, firstly smelting part of Cu and Hf by adopting an electric arc or high-temperature vacuum smelting furnace, and cooling and taking out after the Cu and Hf are completely smelted; adding pre-melted Cu-Hf and the rest raw materials into a crucible, putting the crucible into a vacuum melting furnace, vacuumizing to below 20Pa, washing gas twice, and turning on an induction melting power supply to heat to 1900-; cooling after the metal is completely melted, and when the temperature is lowered to 1200-1300 ℃, casting and cooling to room temperature in a mold with a regular shape; and (3) intercepting proper raw materials, carrying out vacuum induction copper die casting, and preparing an alloy bar with the diameter of 3mm by adopting copper die water cooling.
Comparative example 2
The nominal composition of the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity of this comparative example 2 is: zr49.4Cu29.7Ni8.78Al9Fe3Hf0. 1Ho0.02
The preparation method of the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity of the comparative example 2 is as follows: weighing the components in proportion, firstly smelting part of Cu and Hf by adopting an electric arc or high-temperature vacuum smelting furnace, and cooling and taking out after the Cu and Hf are completely smelted; adding pre-melted Cu-Hf and the rest raw materials into a crucible, putting the crucible into a vacuum melting furnace, vacuumizing to below 20Pa, washing gas twice, and turning on an induction melting power supply to heat to 1900-; cooling after the metal is completely melted, and when the temperature is lowered to 1200-1300 ℃, casting and cooling to room temperature in a mold with a regular shape; and (3) intercepting proper raw materials, carrying out vacuum induction copper die casting, and preparing an alloy bar with the diameter of 3mm by adopting copper die water cooling.
The alloy bars of examples 1 to 4 and comparative examples were subjected to performance tests and the properties are summarized in table 1.
TABLE 1 Property data of alloy bars obtained in the examples
Compressive strength/MPa | |
Example 1 | 1817 |
Example 2 | 1805 |
Example 3 | 1792 |
Example 4 | 1775 |
Comparative example 1 | 1843 |
Comparative example 2 | 1704 |
As can be seen from the data in Table 1, when the content of Hf is in the range of 0.2-0.6, the compressive strength of the alloy bar is in the range of 1775-1843 MPa, which is slightly changed by the combination of the other metal elements, and when the content of Hf is less than 0.2, i.e. comparative example 2, the compressive strength of the alloy bar is significantly affected.
From the XRD patterns in the figures 1, 3 and 5, the amorphous forming capability of the alloy can be improved by increasing a proper amount of Ho, and the XRD patterns of the alloy have a large amount of scattering humps, which shows that although the components adopted by the invention are all common metal elements, the amorphous forming capability of the alloy material is not influenced by the compounding of the components.
As can be seen from the XRD pattern in fig. 7, when the Ho content of the alloy is reduced, a sharp peak begins to appear and the amorphous forming ability is weakened, but the amorphous forming ability is still maintained well.
In this embodiment, specifically, on the premise that Be for improving the amorphous forming ability is not used in the formula, the amorphous forming ability of the alloy material is not affected and the alloy material has plasticity by compounding the other elements.
In contrast, in the XRD pattern of comparative example 1 in fig. 9, when Ho was not added, the sharp peaks in the XRD pattern were significantly increased, and the amorphous forming ability was much lower than those of examples 1 to 4.
As can be seen from the strain-stress diagram in FIG. 2, when the strain ε is in the range of 0.08-0.09, there is significant plastic deformation, then yielding occurs, and brittle fracture occurs after non-on-line elastic deformation.
As can be seen from the strain-stress maps in fig. 10 and 12, when the compositional relationship of the present alloy is not satisfied, the amorphous alloy loses plasticity, and brittle fracture occurs after elastic deformation.
In this embodiment, specifically, since Be for improving the amorphous forming ability is not added, in order to improve the amorphous forming ability of the present alloy material, the doping of oxygen element in the alloy composition is reduced by adding trace rare earth elements such as Ho, and then the amorphous forming ability is improved by reducing the influence of oxygen element.
In the embodiment, particularly, since Be used for improving the amorphous forming ability is not added, and because Be has toxicity harmful to human bodies, the alloy selects nontoxic metal components for compounding, and the application range of the amorphous alloy is widened on the premise of ensuring the amorphous forming ability; meanwhile, the amorphous composite material has a higher component range aiming at the amorphous forming capability, and can directly obtain the amorphous composite material with a crystallized phase without subsequent processing.
In this embodiment, specifically, the amorphous alloy raw material is an industrial grade raw material with low purity, so that the amorphous alloy is low in manufacturing cost and stable in performance, and can be produced in batch.
In conclusion, the Zr-based amorphous alloy with plasticity takes zirconium as a main element, does not contain a toxic element Be with the capacity of remarkably improving amorphous forming capacity, and ensures the strength of the amorphous alloy and simultaneously ensures the amorphous alloy to have certain plasticity through compounding of other elements; the oxygen element is an element harmful to the forming capability of the amorphous alloy, and the doping of the oxygen element is inevitably caused in the process from the raw material to the forming, so that the oxygen element of the alloy component is reduced by adding trace elements such as Ho and the like, the influence of oxygen is reduced, and the amorphous forming capability of the alloy is improved.
In light of the foregoing description of the preferred embodiment of the present invention, many modifications and variations will be apparent to those skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention. The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the content of the specification, and must be determined according to the scope of the claims.
Claims (7)
1. The Zr-based amorphous alloy is characterized in that the atomic expression is as follows:
ZraCubNicAldFeeHfpMr(ii) a Wherein
M is one or more of Ti, Ho and Yb; and
a. b, c, d, e, p and r are atomic percent of each element respectively, wherein
25<b<30;
8<c<10;
10<d<15;
0<e<5;
0.2<p<0.6;
0<r<0.2;
The balance being Zr.
2. The Zr-based amorphous alloy according to claim 1, wherein,
the Zr atom percent is more than 48 and less than 53.
3. The method for preparing the Zr-based amorphous alloy according to claim 1, comprising:
washing the raw materials with gas, and smelting to obtain molten metal;
and cooling the molten metal, pouring the molten metal into a mold, and performing die casting after cooling to obtain the Zr-based amorphous alloy.
4. The method according to claim 3,
the method for obtaining the molten metal by carrying out gas washing and smelting on the raw materials comprises the following steps:
firstly, arc premelting is carried out on refractory metals Hf and Zr, and then vacuum induction smelting is carried out on the refractory metals Hf and Zr and the residual raw materials.
5. The method according to claim 3,
the smelting temperature of the smelting is 1900-2000 ℃.
6. The method according to claim 3,
and cooling the molten metal to 1200-1300 ℃, and then casting.
7. The method according to claim 3,
and the die casting adopts copper die casting.
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