CN114024204B - Device and method for compensating DPL laser thermal distortion by utilizing SLM to generate hologram - Google Patents
Device and method for compensating DPL laser thermal distortion by utilizing SLM to generate hologram Download PDFInfo
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- CN114024204B CN114024204B CN202111163392.XA CN202111163392A CN114024204B CN 114024204 B CN114024204 B CN 114024204B CN 202111163392 A CN202111163392 A CN 202111163392A CN 114024204 B CN114024204 B CN 114024204B
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01S—DEVICES USING THE PROCESS OF LIGHT AMPLIFICATION BY STIMULATED EMISSION OF RADIATION [LASER] TO AMPLIFY OR GENERATE LIGHT; DEVICES USING STIMULATED EMISSION OF ELECTROMAGNETIC RADIATION IN WAVE RANGES OTHER THAN OPTICAL
- H01S3/00—Lasers, i.e. devices using stimulated emission of electromagnetic radiation in the infrared, visible or ultraviolet wave range
- H01S3/10—Controlling the intensity, frequency, phase, polarisation or direction of the emitted radiation, e.g. switching, gating, modulating or demodulating
- H01S3/13—Stabilisation of laser output parameters, e.g. frequency or amplitude
- H01S3/1305—Feedback control systems
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
- G03H1/2294—Addressing the hologram to an active spatial light modulator
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02P—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES IN THE PRODUCTION OR PROCESSING OF GOODS
- Y02P10/00—Technologies related to metal processing
- Y02P10/25—Process efficiency
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Abstract
The application relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a device and a method for compensating DPL laser thermal distortion by utilizing an SLM to generate a hologram. The device provided by the application comprises a laser diode, a laser, a high reflector, an output coupler, a spatial light modulator, a beam expander, a CCD detector and a processing device; the laser diode is used for outputting reference light, the laser is used for outputting laser, the high reflector is located between the laser diode and the laser, the beam expander is located in the light emitting direction of the high reflector, the spatial light modulator is located in the light emitting direction of the beam expander, the CCD detector is used for detecting laser reflected by the spatial light modulator, the output coupler is located between the CCD detector and the laser, the processing device is electrically connected with the CCD detector and the spatial light modulator, and the processing device collects laser spot data output by the CCD detector and finely adjusts a hologram of the spatial light modulator according to the laser spot data.
Description
Technical Field
The application relates to the technical field of lasers, in particular to a device and a method for compensating DPL laser thermal distortion by utilizing an SLM to generate a hologram.
Background
A laser diode pumped solid state laser (DPL) is a new type of laser that has been widely used in recent years, and this type of laser uses a semiconductor laser that outputs a fixed wavelength instead of a conventional krypton or xenon lamp to pump a laser crystal, thereby achieving a new development.
With the increase of the power of the DPL laser, the influence of the thermal effect on the output beam of the DPL laser is more serious, the quality of the beam rapidly deteriorates along with the increase of the power, and the requirements of high-power and high-beam quality laser output are difficult to meet. To overcome the effect of thermal distortion on the performance of DPL lasers, researchers have used phase conjugate mirrors and diffractive optics to reduce thermal distortion, which is complex to operate, introduces large losses and has a narrow energy use range, resulting in great limitations for practical applications. Application of Adaptive Optics (AO) technology in DPL lasers is an effective means to further address thermal distortion and achieve high quality laser output at high average power. The AO correction technology comprises wavefront detection and wavefront detection, and can overcome the problems of limited wavefront detection precision and the like because the wavefront detection-free AO correction technology can realize correction in a resonant cavity, is widely applied to beam purification of a solid laser, but often needs multiple adjustment to obtain the wavefront detection, and can lead the correction bandwidth of an wavefront detection-free AO system to not meet the requirement if the convergence rate of an algorithm is low; although the bandwidth of the AO correction technology with wavefront detection is far greater than that of the AO technology without wavefront detection, the wavefront detection precision is limited due to the adoption of a wavefront detector, the processing difficulty of a corrector micro-deformable mirror is high, the cost is high, the response time is long, and the inclination and the aberration cannot be corrected.
Based on the above analysis, no effective means for solving the thermal distortion of the DPL laser exists at present.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of this, the present application provides an apparatus for compensating for thermal distortion of a DPL laser using an SLM (Spatial Light Modulator ) to generate a hologram, which corrects for thermal distortion in the DPL cavity in real time using the SLM as a wavefront correction element.
The application provides a device for compensating DPL laser thermal distortion by utilizing a hologram generated by an SLM (selective laser processing), which comprises a laser diode, a laser, a high reflector, an output coupler, a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM), a beam expander, a CCD detector and a processing device; the laser diode is used for outputting reference light, the laser is used for outputting laser, the high reflector is located between the laser diode and the laser, the beam expander is located in the light emitting direction of the high reflector, the spatial light modulator is located in the light emitting direction of the beam expander, the CCD detector is used for detecting laser reflected by the spatial light modulator, the output coupler is located between the CCD detector and the laser, the processing device is electrically connected with the CCD detector and the spatial light modulator, and the processing device collects laser spot data output by the CCD detector and finely adjusts a hologram of the spatial light modulator according to the laser spot data.
In some embodiments, the laser diode, laser, high mirror, output coupler, and CCD detector are co-axial in height.
In some embodiments, the spatial light modulator and the beam expander are positioned at 90 ° of the reference light path and are at the same height as the reference light path.
In some embodiments, the laser is a Nd: YAG laser.
In some embodiments, the processing device includes an acquisition unit, a calculation unit, a phase distribution generation unit, a phase distribution output unit and a judgment unit, where the acquisition unit is used to acquire laser spot data output by the CCD detector, the phase distribution generation unit is used to randomly generate a group of phase distributions, the phase distribution output unit is used to output the phase distributions to the spatial light modulator, the calculation unit calculates a performance index of the laser according to the laser spot data of the acquisition unit, and the judgment unit judges whether the performance index of the laser meets an evaluation standard.
The application also provides a method for compensating the thermal distortion of a DPL laser by utilizing the SLM to generate a hologram, which comprises the following steps:
step S101, turning on a laser and adjusting current;
step S102, the phase distribution generating unit generates an initial phase distributionThe initial phase distribution is outputted by the phase distribution output unit>The laser is sent to a spatial light modulator, at the moment, the output coupler outputs laser in a certain mode, the CCD detector is used for detecting the laser, the acquisition unit acquires laser spot data of the CCD detector, and the calculation unit calculates initial performance index of the laser according to the laser spot data of the acquisition unit>
Step S103, the phase distribution generating unit randomly generates a group of phase distribution variation amountsThe sum of initial phase distribution and phase distribution variation is sent to the spatial light modulator through the phase distribution output unit, the output coupler outputs laser at the moment, the CCD detector detects the laser, the acquisition unit acquires laser spot data of the CCD detector, and the calculation unit calculates positive energy index of the laser according to the laser spot data of the acquisition unit>
Step S104, the difference between the initial phase distribution and the phase distribution variation is sent to the spatial light modulator through the phase distribution output unit, the output coupler outputs laser at the moment, the CCD detector detects the laser, the acquisition unit acquires the laser spot data of the CCD detector, and the calculation unit calculates the negative performance index of the laser according to the laser spot data of the acquisition unit
Step S105, calculating the performance index variation of the laser, and calculating new phase distribution according to the performance index variation;
step S106, the new phase distribution is performed by the phase distribution output unitSending the laser to a spatial light modulator, outputting laser by a coupler, detecting the laser by a CCD detector, collecting laser spot data of the CCD detector by a collecting unit, and calculating the current performance index of the laser by a calculating unit according to the laser spot data of the collecting unit>
Step S107, the judging unit judges the current performance index of the laserWhether the evaluation criterion is satisfied, if not, repeating the steps S103-S107; if so, stopping.
In some embodiments, the initial performance indexThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows: />Where (x, y) is the position coordinates of the pixel, and I (x, y) is the intensity of the laser light.
In some embodiments, a new phase distributionThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows: /> In (1) the->Gamma is the gain factor.
The technical scheme provided by the application has the beneficial effects that: the device provided by the application uses the SLM as a wavefront correction component to correct the intra-cavity thermal distortion of the DPL laser in real time, and the hologram generated by the SLM is used for carrying out rapid and high-precision self-adaptive compensation on the DPL laser, so that the cost is reduced, the output power and the beam quality of the DPL laser can be improved, and meanwhile, the output mode of the laser can be rapidly changed in real time by dynamically changing the input hologram by using the SLM with short response time.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a schematic diagram of an apparatus for compensating thermal distortion of a DPL laser using SLM-generated holograms in accordance with the present application.
Detailed Description
For the purpose of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present application more apparent, embodiments of the present application will be further described with reference to the accompanying drawings.
Referring to FIG. 1, an embodiment of the present application provides an apparatus for compensating thermal distortion of a DPL laser using an SLM to generate a hologram, comprising: a laser diode 1, a laser 2, a high mirror 3, an output coupler 4, a Spatial Light Modulator (SLM) 5, a beam expander 6, a CCD detector 7 and processing means 8.
The laser diode 1 is used for outputting reference light, the laser 2 is used for outputting laser, the high reflector 3 is positioned between the laser diode 1 and the laser 2, the beam expander 6 is positioned in the light emitting direction of the high reflector 3, the spatial light modulator 5 is positioned in the light emitting direction of the beam expander 6, the CCD detector 7 is used for detecting the laser reflected by the spatial light modulator 5, the output coupler 4 is positioned between the CCD detector 7 and the laser 2, the processing device 8 is electrically connected with the CCD detector 7 and the spatial light modulator 5, and the processing device 8 collects laser spot data output by the CCD detector 7 and finely adjusts the hologram of the spatial light modulator 5 according to the laser spot data.
In this embodiment, the laser diode 1, the laser 2, the high reflecting mirror 3, the output coupler 4 and the CCD detector 7 are coaxial in equal height, and the spatial light modulator 5 and the beam expander 6 are located at 90 ° of the reference light path and are equal in height to the reference light path.
In this embodiment, the laser 2 is a Nd: YAG laser.
The optical path process in this embodiment is: the laser output from the laser 2 is reflected by the high reflector 3 and then is emitted to the beam expander 6, the laser is emitted to the spatial light modulator 5 after passing through the beam expander 6, the laser incident on the spatial light modulator 5 is emitted to the high reflector 3 after being reflected by the spatial light modulator 5 and then is output by the output coupler 4 after being reflected by the high reflector 3, in the light path process, the spatial light modulator 5 and the output coupler 4 form an optical resonant cavity to play a role of a high-selectivity feedback device, part of signals emitted by an amplifying medium are coupled and fed back, the phase of the signals is kept unchanged, so that laser oscillation is generated, the beam expander 6 enables the light beam incident on the spatial light modulator 5 to cover the effective working area of the spatial light modulator 5 as large as possible, and the laser beam reflected by the spatial light modulator 5 can be reduced.
In this embodiment, the processing device 8 includes an acquisition unit 81, a calculation unit 82, a phase distribution generation unit 83, a phase distribution output unit 84, and a judgment unit 85, where the acquisition unit 81 is configured to acquire laser spot data output by the CCD detector 7, the phase distribution generation unit 83 is configured to randomly generate a set of phase distributions, the phase distribution output unit 84 is configured to output the phase distributions to the spatial light modulator 5, the calculation unit 82 calculates a performance index of the laser 2 according to the laser spot data of the acquisition unit 81, and the judgment unit 85 judges whether the performance index of the laser 2 meets an evaluation criterion; in the present embodiment, the processing device 8 is a computer.
In this embodiment, a specific hologram is displayed on the spatial light modulator 5 to realize simultaneous modulation of intensity and phase, and according to the principle of the phase diagram, if the phase of the light wave after fourier transformation is not directly recorded on the phase diagram, but the phase remodulated by the fourier transformation amplitude of the light wave is recorded, the pure phase hologram can simultaneously contain the modulation of the amplitude and the phase by combining the delay sampling technology.
The input phase distribution to the spatial light modulator 5 isIs a function of (2)
Where θ (x, y) is determined by the modulation amplitude distribution.
The wave surface reproduced by the kinoform is as follows:
let cos θ (x, y) =a (x, y), the first term in equation (2) is all information that needs to be modulated. In determining θ (x, y), a (x, y) is normalized. Using spatial multiplexing, the second term in excess of equation (2) can be removed, and two different functions can be combined simultaneously on one hologram, one of which is shown in equation (2), and the other is:
the amplitude and phase of the modulation can be expressed as:
h' (x, y) and h "(x, y) can be combined using a delayed sampling technique to yield:
h(x,y)＝∑ m ∑ n [h′(mdx,ndy)δ(x-mdx,y-ndy)+h″(mdx+dx/2,ndyδx-mdx -dx/2,y-ndt] (5)
h (x, y) is a phase change with a constant amplitude, so that although the spatial light modulator 5 operates in a bit phase mode, only the bits can be modulated, the spatial light modulator 5 can also change the intensity at the same time if a suitable hologram is input.
The spatial light modulator 5 can rapidly respond to the laser output effect detected by the CCD detector, can be adjusted in real time according to the thermal distortion, and can rapidly obtain holographic patterns which should be displayed on the spatial light modulator when other output modes are obtained through the thermal distortion correction of one output mode, so that the modes can be rapidly switched.
Embodiments of the present application also provide a method of compensating for thermal distortion of a DPL laser using an SLM to generate a hologram, comprising the steps of:
step S101, turning on the laser 2 and adjusting the current;
in step S102, the phase distribution generating unit 83 generates an initial phase distributionThe initial phase distribution is +.>The laser beam is sent to the spatial light modulator 5, at the moment, the output coupler 4 outputs a laser beam in a certain mode, the CCD detector 7 detects the laser beam, the acquisition unit 81 acquires laser spot data of the CCD detector 7, and the calculation unit 82 calculates an initial performance index of the laser 2 according to the laser spot data of the acquisition unit 81>The initial performance index takes the center of the mass center of the image plane of the CCD detector 7 as the center to intercept 256 x 256 image plane sizes, and the calculation formula is +.>(x, y) is the position coordinates of the pixel, and I (x, y) is the intensity of the laser;
step S103, the phase distribution generating unit 83 randomly generates a set of phase distribution variation amountsThe sum of the initial phase distribution and the phase distribution variation is +.> The laser beam is sent to the spatial light modulator 5, the output coupler 4 outputs the laser beam at the moment, the CCD detector 7 detects the laser beam, the acquisition unit 81 acquires laser spot data of the CCD detector 7, and the calculation unit 82 calculates positive energy index +.>
Step S104, the phase distribution output unit 84 outputs the difference between the initial phase distribution and the phase distribution variationThe laser beam is sent to the spatial light modulator 5, the output coupler 4 outputs the laser beam at the moment, the CCD detector 7 detects the laser beam, the acquisition unit 81 acquires laser spot data of the CCD detector 7, and the calculation unit 82 calculates a negative performance index +.>
Step S105, calculating the variation of the performance index of the laser 2Calculating new phase distribution according to the variation of performance index>Wherein, gamma is a gain coefficient;
step S106, the new phase distribution is performed by the phase distribution output unit 84Transmitting to the spatial light modulator 5, outputting laser by the output coupler 4, detecting the laser by the CCD detector 7, collecting laser spot data of the CCD detector 7 by the collecting unit 81, and calculating the current performance index of the laser 2 by the calculating unit 82 according to the laser spot data of the collecting unit 81
Step S107, the judging unit 85 judges the current performance index of the laser 2Whether the evaluation criterion is satisfied, if not, repeating the steps S103-S107; if so, stopping.
In this embodiment, the evaluation criteria are selected according to the actual application.
The embodiments described above and features of the embodiments herein may be combined with each other without conflict.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the application is not intended to limit the application to the precise form disclosed, and any such modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and scope of the application are intended to be included within the scope of the application.
Claims (6)
1. The device for compensating the thermal distortion of the DPL laser by utilizing the hologram generated by the SLM is characterized by comprising a laser diode, a laser, a high reflector, an output coupler, a spatial light modulator, a beam expander, a CCD detector and a processing device; the laser diode is used for outputting reference light, the laser is used for outputting laser, the high reflector is positioned between the laser diode and the laser, the beam expander is positioned in the light emitting direction of the high reflector, the spatial light modulator is positioned in the light emitting direction of the beam expander, the CCD detector is used for detecting the laser reflected by the spatial light modulator, the output coupler is positioned between the CCD detector and the laser, the output coupler and the spatial light modulator form an optical resonant cavity, the processing device is electrically connected with the CCD detector and the spatial light modulator, and the processing device acquires laser spot data output by the CCD detector and carries out fine adjustment on a hologram of the spatial light modulator according to the laser spot data; the laser diode, the laser, the high reflector, the output coupler and the CCD detector are coaxial in equal height; the spatial light modulator and the beam expander are positioned at 90 degrees of the reference light path and have the same height as the reference light path.
2. The apparatus for compensating for thermal distortion of a DPL laser using an SLM to produce holograms as in claim 1, wherein the laser is a Nd: YAG laser.
3. The apparatus for compensating for thermal distortion of a DPL laser using an SLM according to claim 1, wherein the processing apparatus comprises an acquisition unit for acquiring laser spot data output from a CCD detector, a calculation unit for randomly generating a phase distribution, a phase distribution generation unit for outputting the phase distribution to a spatial light modulator, a phase distribution output unit for calculating a performance index of the laser based on the laser spot data of the acquisition unit, and a judgment unit for judging whether the performance index of the laser satisfies an evaluation criterion.
4. A method of compensating for thermal distortion of a DPL laser using an SLM to produce a hologram, characterized by using the apparatus for compensating for thermal distortion of a DPL laser using an SLM of claim 1; the method comprises the following steps:
step S101, turning on a laser and adjusting current;
step S102, the phase distribution generating unit generates an initial phase distributionThe initial phase distribution is outputted by the phase distribution output unit>The laser is sent to a spatial light modulator, at the moment, the output coupler outputs laser in a certain mode, the CCD detector is used for detecting the laser, the acquisition unit acquires laser spot data of the CCD detector, and the calculation unit calculates initial performance index of the laser according to the laser spot data of the acquisition unit>
Step S103, the phase distribution generating unit randomly generates a group of phase distribution variation amountsThe sum of initial phase distribution and phase distribution variation is sent to the spatial light modulator through the phase distribution output unit, the output coupler outputs laser at the moment, the CCD detector detects the laser, the acquisition unit acquires laser spot data of the CCD detector, and the calculation unit calculates the positive of the laser according to the laser spot data of the acquisition unitPerformance index->
Step S104, the difference between the initial phase distribution and the phase distribution variation is sent to the spatial light modulator through the phase distribution output unit, the output coupler outputs laser at the moment, the CCD detector detects the laser, the acquisition unit acquires the laser spot data of the CCD detector, and the calculation unit calculates the negative performance index of the laser according to the laser spot data of the acquisition unit
Step S105, calculating the performance index variation of the laser, and calculating new phase distribution according to the performance index variation;
step S106, the new phase distribution is performed by the phase distribution output unitSending the laser to a spatial light modulator, outputting laser by a coupler, detecting the laser by a CCD detector, collecting laser spot data of the CCD detector by a collecting unit, and calculating the current performance index of the laser by a calculating unit according to the laser spot data of the collecting unit>
Step S107, the judging unit judges the current performance index of the laserWhether the evaluation criterion is satisfied, if not, repeating the steps S103-S107; if so, stopping.
5. The method for compensating for thermal distortion of a DPL laser using an SLM of claim 4, wherein the initial performance level is an initial performance levelThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows: />Where (, y) is the position coordinates of the pixel and I (x, y) is the intensity of the laser.
6. The method of compensating for thermal distortion of a DPL laser using an SLM of claim 4, wherein the new phase profileThe calculation formula of (2) is as follows: /> In (1) the->Gamma is the gain factor.
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Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995031024A2 (en) * | 1994-05-06 | 1995-11-16 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Optical element for a laser |
| US5627847A (en) * | 1995-05-04 | 1997-05-06 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Distortion-compensated phase grating and mode-selecting mirror for a laser |
| US5926494A (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 1999-07-20 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | Laser systems with improved performance and reduced parasitics and method |
| CN102637994A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-08-15 | 清华大学 | Device and method for controlling quality of laser beam |
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Patent Citations (4)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| WO1995031024A2 (en) * | 1994-05-06 | 1995-11-16 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Optical element for a laser |
| US5627847A (en) * | 1995-05-04 | 1997-05-06 | Regents Of The University Of Minnesota | Distortion-compensated phase grating and mode-selecting mirror for a laser |
| US5926494A (en) * | 1997-04-11 | 1999-07-20 | Hughes Electronics Corporation | Laser systems with improved performance and reduced parasitics and method |
| CN102637994A (en) * | 2012-04-18 | 2012-08-15 | 清华大学 | Device and method for controlling quality of laser beam |
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