CN114015935A - Arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel and smelting method thereof - Google Patents
Arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel and smelting method thereof Download PDFInfo
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- C21C7/00—Treating molten ferrous alloys, e.g. steel, not covered by groups C21C1/00 - C21C5/00
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C21D8/0226—Hot rolling
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C21D8/0236—Cold rolling
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- C21D—MODIFYING THE PHYSICAL STRUCTURE OF FERROUS METALS; GENERAL DEVICES FOR HEAT TREATMENT OF FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS METALS OR ALLOYS; MAKING METAL MALLEABLE, e.g. BY DECARBURISATION OR TEMPERING
- C21D8/00—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment
- C21D8/02—Modifying the physical properties by deformation combined with, or followed by, heat treatment during manufacturing of plates or strips
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- C22—METALLURGY; FERROUS OR NON-FERROUS ALLOYS; TREATMENT OF ALLOYS OR NON-FERROUS METALS
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Abstract
The invention belongs to the field of austenitic stainless steel, and relates to industrial arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel which comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.01 to 0.05%, Si: 0.30-1.20%, Mn: 0.50-2.50%, P is less than or equal to 0.045%, S is less than or equal to 0.030%, Cr: 18.0-20.0%, Ni: 8.0-13.0%, N: 0.02 to 0.10%, As: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities; the tensile strength (Rm) of the obtained steel strip at room temperature (25 ℃) is 500-800 MPa, the yield strength (Rp0.2) is 180-400 MPa, and the elongation (A) is 40-80%. The steel grade makes full use of the nickel-iron resource symbiotic with arsenic and nickel, reduces the separation work of removing arsenic element from nickel-iron, reduces the carbon emission generated in the roasting process of arsenic-containing nickel-iron, and has important significance for environmental protection and reduction of carbon emission.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of austenitic stainless steel, and particularly relates to industrial arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel with excellent performance and a smelting method thereof.
Background
The melting point of arsenic (As) is low, 817 ℃, and the arsenic can be directly sublimated at 613 ℃ without liquid. Arsenic is mainly derived from scrap steel, and because arsenic has lower oxidation potential than iron, it is not easy to remove but is enriched in the steel-making process, and gradually accumulates in the steel along with the recycling of scrap steel, so it is called "residual harmful element". With the recent rise of the stainless steel market and the fluctuation of nickel value, the low-price nickel alloy resource required by steel making is in shortage, so that how to reduce the cost of austenitic stainless steel becomes necessary for enterprises to improve competitiveness and reduce the cost, and therefore, how to utilize low-price high-arsenic nickel alloy becomes a demand. Because the arsenic-nickel-iron-containing resource is large, but the content of harmful element arsenic is up to more than 0.1 percent, if the harmful element arsenic is not removed, the austenitic stainless steel band is greatly damaged; if the arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel is removed, the long-time roasting is needed, a large amount of gas emission needs to be generated, and the environment is damaged, so that the production cost can be reduced, and the influence of carbon emission on the environment can be reduced by developing an industrial arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to solve the problems and provides austenitic stainless steel containing arsenic and a smelting method thereof.
The purpose of the invention is realized as follows: the arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.01 to 0.05%, Si: 0.30-1.20%, Mn: 0.50-2.50%, P is less than or equal to 0.045%, S is less than or equal to 0.030%, Cr: 18.0-20.0%, Ni: 8.0-13.0%, N: 0.02 to 0.10%, As: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
Furthermore, the tensile strength of the arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel strip at room temperature is 500-800 MPa, the yield strength is 180-400 MPa, and the elongation is 40-80%.
A smelting method of an austenitic stainless steel containing arsenic comprises the following steps:
(1) smelting: adopting an electric furnace to melt alloy, refining by an AOD furnace, adding arsenic-nickel-iron As after the AOD furnace is added with electric furnace alloy solution: 0.10 to 0.50%, Ni: smelting 15.0-30.0%, wherein the yield is calculated according to 100% based on the arsenic content in the alloy, and the weight percentage of each component of the discharged molten steel is C: 0.01 to 0.05%, Si: 0.30-1.20%, Mn: 0.50-2.50%, P is less than or equal to 0.045%, S is less than or equal to 0.030%, Cr: 18.0-20.0%, Ni: 8.0-13.0%, N: 0.02 to 0.10%, As: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
(2) Casting steel: and casting the molten steel into a billet.
(3) Hot rolling: heating the steel billet to finish hot rolling, wherein the total rolling deformation is 92-98%, and coiling and cooling after hot rolling.
(4) Cold rolling: and after continuous annealing and acid pickling are carried out on the hot rolled coil, the hot rolled coil is cold rolled to a target thickness, and final performance adjustment is finished through the continuous annealing and acid pickling modes.
Furthermore, the smelting adopts a production process route of 'electric furnace + AOD + LF'.
The invention has the beneficial effects that: 1) the invention designs the arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel, which expands the use resources of nickel-containing alloy, enables the nickel-iron alloy containing harmful elements to be utilized, controls the content of arsenic element within the available range, and meets the industrial use requirements of austenitic steel.
2) The invention provides a method for alloying smelting arsenic-containing ferronickel in an AOD furnace, which reduces the roasting process of long-time arsenic-containing ferronickel for removing arsenic elements and reduces the damage of carbon emission to the environment.
Detailed Description
The invention aims to provide arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel and a smelting method thereof, which can reduce the production cost, reduce the separation work of removing arsenic element from ferronickel, reduce the carbon emission generated in the roasting process of arsenic-containing ferronickel and protect the natural environment by fully utilizing the ferronickel resource symbiotic with arsenic and nickel.
In order to achieve the purpose, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:
a low-cost austenitic stainless steel containing arsenic comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.01 to 0.05%, Si: 0.30-1.20%, Mn: 0.50-2.50%, P is less than or equal to 0.045%, S is less than or equal to 0.030%, Cr: 18.0-20.0%, Ni: 8.0-13.0%, N: 0.02 to 0.10%, As: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
The obtained steel strip has a tensile strength (Rm) of 500-800 MPa, a yield strength (Rp0.2) of 180-400 MPa and an elongation (A) of 40-80% at room temperature (25 ℃).
The component design idea of the invention is that by adding As element in austenitic stainless steel, low-cost arsenic-containing ferronickel (As: 0.10-0.50%, Ni: 15.0-30.0%) is used to replace ferronickel (harmful element content is trace) or pure nickel to carry out alloying operation on AOD, and under the condition of meeting the product performance requirement, the low-cost advantage is utilized to the maximum extent, and the industrial arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel is produced.
Specifically, in the composition design of the present invention:
as: the melting point of arsenic (As) is low, 817 ℃, and the arsenic can be directly sublimated at 613 ℃ without liquid. Generally, arsenic is mainly from scrap steel, and because arsenic has lower oxidation potential than iron, arsenic is not easily removed in the steel making process, but is enriched, and gradually accumulates in steel along with the recycling of scrap steel, so that arsenic is called as 'residual harmful element'. For this reason, we verified through experiments that the arsenic (As) element is controlled at: 0.01-0.05%, not only can ensure to utilize arsenic-containing nickel iron to the maximum extent, but also can ensure that the product performance meets the requirements.
Other elements: the composition is designed to meet the requirements of mechanical properties of 500-800 MPa tensile strength (Rm), 180-400 MPa yield strength (Rp0.2) and 40-80% elongation (A) at room temperature (25 ℃) and corrosion resistance of austenitic steel.
The smelting method of the austenitic stainless steel containing arsenic of the invention comprises the following steps:
1) smelting
The smelting process flow comprises the following steps: electric furnace-AOD-LF.
After the alloy solution is added into the AOD furnace, the arsenic-containing nickel iron (As: 0.10-0.50% and Ni: 15.0% -30.0%) is added, and according to the arsenic element content in the alloy, the yield is calculated according to 100%, and the arsenic element content in the molten steel component of the AOD furnace is controlled to be 0.01% -0.05%.
2) Cast steel
And casting the molten steel into a billet.
3) Hot rolling
And heating the continuous casting blank or the casting blank to finish hot rolling, wherein the total rolling deformation is 92-98%, and coiling and cooling after hot rolling.
4) Cold rolling
And (3) after continuous annealing and acid pickling are carried out on the hot rolled coil, cold rolling is carried out to the target thickness (0.3-3.0 mm), and final performance adjustment is finished in a continuous annealing and acid pickling mode so as to meet the mechanical property requirement.
According to the invention, the arsenic-containing nickel iron is added in the AOD furnace for a long time, so that the nickel element is recovered, the smelting advantage of the AOD furnace is fully utilized to melt the alloy, and the pollution of the arsenic element to the front process is reduced, and the next steel grade is smelted.
According to the invention, the content of arsenic in molten steel tapped from the AOD furnace is controlled to be 0.01-0.05%, and meanwhile, the effect of removing a small amount of arsenic element by later-stage refining reducing slag and anti-oxidation alkaline slag or a protective agent is considered, so that the content of the arsenic element in a finished product can be ensured to meet the design requirement.
Example one
(1) Smelting: an electric furnace, AOD and LF are adopted for smelting, 14725kg of arsenic-containing nickel iron (As: 0.20%, Ni: 17.9%) is added after the AOD is added into the alloy solution, and the weight percentage of As in the discharged molten steel is 0.0151% according to the arsenic content in the alloy and the yield is calculated according to 100%.
(2) Casting steel: casting the molten steel into a steel billet, wherein the finished product comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.018%, Si: 0.57%, Mn: 1.59%, Cr: 18.11%, Ni: 8.01%, As: 0.0147%, the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
(3) Hot rolling: heating the steel billet to finish hot rolling, wherein the total rolling deformation is 92-98%, and coiling and cooling after hot rolling.
(4) Cold rolling: after continuous annealing and acid pickling are carried out on the hot-rolled coil, the hot-rolled coil is cold-rolled to a target thickness, and final performance adjustment is finished through a continuous annealing and acid pickling mode; the tensile strength of the arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel at room temperature is 658MPa, the yield strength is 263MPa, and the elongation is 56%.
Example two
(1) Smelting: smelting by adopting an electric furnace, AOD and LF, adding 22196kg of arsenic-containing nickel iron (As: 0.20 percent and Ni: 17.9 percent) after adding the AOD into the alloy solution, and calculating the yield according to 100 percent based on the content of arsenic in the alloy, wherein the weight percentage of As in the discharged molten steel is 0.0253 percent.
(2) Casting steel: casting the molten steel into a steel billet, wherein the finished product comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.042%, Si: 0.52%, Mn: 1.17%, Cr: 18.15%, Ni: 8.04%, As: 0.0241%, and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities.
(3) Hot rolling: heating the steel billet to finish hot rolling, wherein the total rolling deformation is 92-98%, and coiling and cooling after hot rolling.
(4) Cold rolling: after continuous annealing and acid pickling are carried out on the hot-rolled coil, the hot-rolled coil is cold-rolled to a target thickness, and final performance adjustment is finished through a continuous annealing and acid pickling mode; the arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel has the tensile strength of 729MPa at room temperature, the yield strength of 277MPa and the elongation of 53 percent.
EXAMPLE III
(1) Smelting: smelting by adopting an electric furnace, AOD and LF, adding 21515kg of arsenic-containing nickel iron (As: 0.26 percent and Ni: 18.1 percent) after adding the AOD into the alloy solution, and according to the content of arsenic elements in the alloy, the yield is calculated according to 100 percent, and the weight percentage of As in the discharged molten steel is 0.0311 percent.
(2) Casting steel: casting the molten steel into a steel billet, wherein the finished product comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.023%, Si: 0.52%, Mn: 1.56%, Cr: 18.14%, Ni: 8.02%, As: 0.0298%, and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities.
(3) Hot rolling: heating the steel billet to finish hot rolling, wherein the total rolling deformation is 92-98%, and coiling and cooling after hot rolling.
(4) Cold rolling: after continuous annealing and acid pickling are carried out on the hot-rolled coil, the hot-rolled coil is cold-rolled to a target thickness, and final performance adjustment is finished through a continuous annealing and acid pickling mode; the tensile strength of the austenitic stainless steel containing arsenic at room temperature is 645MPa, the yield strength is 295MPa, and the elongation is 51 percent.
Example four
(1) Smelting: smelting by adopting an electric furnace, AOD and LF, adding 21621kg of arsenic-containing nickel iron (As: 0.35 percent and Ni: 17.5 percent) after adding the AOD into the alloy solution, and according to the content of arsenic element in the alloy, the yield is calculated according to 100 percent, and the weight percentage of As in the discharged molten steel is 0.0253 percent.
(2) Casting steel: casting the molten steel into a steel billet, wherein the finished product comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.042%, Si: 0.48%, Mn: 1.11%, Cr: 18.17%, Ni: 8.08%, As: 0.0223%, and the balance Fe and inevitable impurities.
(3) Hot rolling: heating the steel billet to finish hot rolling, wherein the total rolling deformation is 92-98%, and coiling and cooling after hot rolling.
(4) Cold rolling: after continuous annealing and acid pickling are carried out on the hot-rolled coil, the hot-rolled coil is cold-rolled to a target thickness, and final performance adjustment is finished through a continuous annealing and acid pickling mode; the tensile strength of the austenitic stainless steel containing arsenic at room temperature is 683MPa, the yield strength is 286MPa, and the elongation is 43 percent.
Comparative example 1
(1) Smelting: smelting by adopting an electric furnace, AOD and LF, and adding pure nickel alloy into the AOD.
(2) Casting steel: casting the molten steel into a steel billet, wherein the finished product comprises the following components in percentage by weight: 0.041%, Si: 0.41%, Mn: 1.14%, Cr: 18.42%, Ni: 8.09%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
(3) Hot rolling: heating the steel billet to finish hot rolling, wherein the total rolling deformation is 92-98%, and coiling and cooling after hot rolling.
(4) Cold rolling: after continuous annealing and acid pickling are carried out on the hot-rolled coil, the hot-rolled coil is cold-rolled to a target thickness, and final performance adjustment is finished through a continuous annealing and acid pickling mode; tensile strength at room temperature is 645MPa, yield strength is 265MPa, and elongation is 60%.
The compositions of the examples of the present invention are shown in Table 1. The manufacturing method of the embodiment of the invention adopts an electric furnace, AOD, LF, continuous casting, hot rolling, continuous annealing and pickling to obtain the product. The AOD alloy addition and tapping composition are shown in Table 2. The mechanical properties of the austenitic stainless steels of the examples of the present invention are shown in table 3.
Comparative example 1 austenitic stainless steel without added arsenic element was used as a comparison
1. Example composition control
TABLE 1 ingredients/% of the examples
2. Example Process conditions
TABLE 2 AOD alloy addition and arsenic content in steel
3. Mechanical Properties of examples
TABLE 3 mechanical Properties (thickness 0.5 mm) of arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steels
Alloying operation is carried out in an AOD furnace by utilizing arsenic-containing ferronickel to replace ferronickel (the content of harmful elements is trace) or pure nickel, so that other ferronickel resources are reduced to the maximum extent, and the industrial arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel is produced; the arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.01 to 0.05%, Si: 0.30-1.20%, Mn: 0.50-2.50%, P is less than or equal to 0.045%, S is less than or equal to 0.030%, Cr: 18.0-20.0%, Ni: 8.0-13.0%, N: 0.02 to 0.10%, As: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities. The tensile strength (Rm) of the steel strip at room temperature (25 ℃) is 500-800 MPa, the yield strength (Rp0.2) is 180-400 MPa, and the elongation (A) is 40-80%. The optimal smelting process of the arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel comprises the following steps: adding ferronickel containing arsenic at the early stage of AOD smelting, wherein the yield is calculated according to 100 percent according to the content of the arsenic element in the alloy, the content of the arsenic element in the molten steel of the AOD furnace is controlled to be 0.01-0.03 percent, and the content of the arsenic element in the finished product is controlled to be 0.01-0.05 percent.
The above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, but the structural features of the present invention are not limited thereto, and any changes or modifications within the scope of the present invention by those skilled in the art are covered by the present invention.
Claims (4)
1. An arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel characterized by: the austenitic stainless steel containing arsenic comprises the following chemical components in percentage by weight: c: 0.01 to 0.05%, Si: 0.30-1.20%, Mn: 0.50-2.50%, P is less than or equal to 0.045%, S is less than or equal to 0.030%, Cr: 18.0-20.0%, Ni: 8.0-13.0%, N: 0.02 to 0.10%, As: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
2. An arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel as set forth in claim 1, wherein: the tensile strength of the arsenic-containing austenitic stainless steel strip at room temperature is 500-800 MPa, the yield strength is 180-400 MPa, and the elongation is 40-80%.
3. A smelting method of austenitic stainless steel containing arsenic is characterized in that: the method comprises the following steps: (1) smelting: adopting an electric furnace to melt alloy, refining by an AOD furnace, adding arsenic-nickel-iron and As after the AOD furnace is added with electric furnace alloy solution: 0.10 to 0.50%, Ni: smelting 15.0-30.0%, wherein the yield is calculated according to 100% based on the arsenic content in the alloy, and the weight percentage of each component of the discharged molten steel is C: 0.01 to 0.05%, Si: 0.30-1.20%, Mn: 0.50-2.50%, P is less than or equal to 0.045%, S is less than or equal to 0.030%, Cr: 18.0-20.0%, Ni: 8.0-13.0%, N: 0.02 to 0.10%, As: 0.01-0.05%, and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities;
(2) casting steel: casting the molten steel into a steel billet;
(3) hot rolling: heating the steel billet to finish hot rolling, wherein the total rolling deformation is 92-98%, and coiling and cooling are carried out after hot rolling;
(4) cold rolling: and after continuous annealing and acid pickling are carried out on the hot rolled coil, the hot rolled coil is cold rolled to a target thickness, and final performance adjustment is finished through the continuous annealing and acid pickling modes.
4. The method of smelting an austenitic stainless steel containing arsenic according to claim 2, wherein: the smelting adopts a production process route of 'electric furnace + AOD + LF'.
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| CN115927965A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-04-07 | 广东甬金金属科技有限公司 | Iron-nickel alloy and application thereof, welded bulging strong-plasticity iron-nickel stainless steel band and preparation method thereof |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN115927965A (en) * | 2022-12-16 | 2023-04-07 | 广东甬金金属科技有限公司 | Iron-nickel alloy and application thereof, welded bulging strong-plasticity iron-nickel stainless steel band and preparation method thereof |
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