CN114013326B - An electric vehicle charging station system with a shared DC bus - Google Patents
An electric vehicle charging station system with a shared DC bus Download PDFInfo
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- CN114013326B CN114013326B CN202111483893.6A CN202111483893A CN114013326B CN 114013326 B CN114013326 B CN 114013326B CN 202111483893 A CN202111483893 A CN 202111483893A CN 114013326 B CN114013326 B CN 114013326B
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- 238000004804 winding Methods 0.000 claims description 13
- 238000002955 isolation Methods 0.000 claims description 12
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 claims description 8
- 230000002457 bidirectional effect Effects 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 238000001914 filtration Methods 0.000 claims description 2
- 239000003990 capacitor Substances 0.000 description 4
- 230000009466 transformation Effects 0.000 description 4
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- 229910002601 GaN Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Gallium nitride Chemical compound [Ga]#N JMASRVWKEDWRBT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000011065 in-situ storage Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000009413 insulation Methods 0.000 description 2
- HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N silicon carbide Chemical compound [Si+]#[C-] HBMJWWWQQXIZIP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 229910010271 silicon carbide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000002210 silicon-based material Substances 0.000 description 2
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
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- 229910052799 carbon Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000005265 energy consumption Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 238000012423 maintenance Methods 0.000 description 1
Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
- B60L53/51—Photovoltaic means
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/20—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles characterised by converters located in the vehicle
-
- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/50—Charging stations characterised by energy-storage or power-generation means
- B60L53/53—Batteries
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L53/00—Methods of charging batteries, specially adapted for electric vehicles; Charging stations or on-board charging equipment therefor; Exchange of energy storage elements in electric vehicles
- B60L53/60—Monitoring or controlling charging stations
- B60L53/63—Monitoring or controlling charging stations in response to network capacity
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L2210/00—Converter types
- B60L2210/10—DC to DC converters
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/7072—Electromobility specific charging systems or methods for batteries, ultracapacitors, supercapacitors or double-layer capacitors
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/72—Electric energy management in electromobility
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/12—Electric charging stations
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T90/00—Enabling technologies or technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02T90/10—Technologies relating to charging of electric vehicles
- Y02T90/14—Plug-in electric vehicles
Landscapes
- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Charge And Discharge Circuits For Batteries Or The Like (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses an electric vehicle charging station system with a common direct current bus, and belongs to the field of electric vehicle charging equipment. The system comprises a direct current bus, an alternating current module, a plurality of charging modules and a plurality of switching modules. The alternating current module comprises an alternating current power supply, a connecting unit and an alternating unit, wherein the alternating unit comprises two groups of cascaded three-phase H-bridge converters, and a direct current side can generate a first voltage and a second voltage which are respectively connected with the first voltage direct current bus and the second voltage direct current bus. The charging module is correspondingly connected with the switching module, the charging module is selectively connected with different direct current buses according to charging requirements of different electric vehicles, and the charging power of the corresponding electric vehicles is doubled through different switching positions of the switching switch, so that the charging speed is increased. The system has the advantages of low cost, high reliability, convenient access to photovoltaic and energy storage equipment, flexible charging and high fault tolerance.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of electric vehicle charging equipment, in particular to an electric vehicle charging station system with a common direct current bus.
Background
Along with the rapid development of electric vehicles, the charging voltage, current and charging speed of the electric vehicles are continuously improved, and the public charging station is not only suitable for the charging speed requirements of different electric vehicles, but also needs to be connected with photovoltaic and energy storage as much as possible to provide low-carbon new energy.
According to the charging station in the prior art, the input end of the charging station is directly connected with a 10kV alternating current power supply, a corresponding direct current bus is generated through the output end of a power electronic transformer at a front stage, and then a DC/DC charging pile is connected to charge an electric automobile. The system has the characteristics of convenience in new energy access, easiness in maintenance, bidirectional energy flow and the like. However, the power electronic transformer adopted by the charging station system needs a large number of power electronic current transformation modules to be subjected to multi-stage electric energy transformation, and the insulation voltage-withstanding design of the power electronic current transformation modules needs to be considered according to the voltage class of 10kV, so that the charging station is high in cost, large in size, low in energy conversion efficiency and difficult to guarantee in reliability. In addition, in the scheme, each DC/DC charging pile corresponds to one electric automobile, the charging capacity of the electric automobile is fixed, and the electric automobile cannot be flexibly configured according to the charging requirement of the automobile.
The charging station is characterized in that a plurality of input ports of the charger modules are connected in series to form a technical form of an MMC converter, each MMC bridge arm is connected in series by a plurality of charger modules, two inductors are connected in series to inhibit circulation current on the upper bridge arm and the lower bridge arm of the same phase, an alternating current input end of the MMC converter is directly connected with a 10kV alternating current bus of a power grid, a direct current output end of the MMC is a high-voltage direct current bus, and the MMC converter can be connected with a high-voltage direct current load. The charger modules of the scheme are directly connected with a 10kV alternating current power grid, the requirement on the insulation voltage resistance level is high, and the plurality of charger modules of each bridge arm are required to be connected in series, so that a certain charger module fails, and even the charger modules of the same phase bridge arm and even the charger module group of the same phase are affected. Meanwhile, the direct current output end of the charging station is 10 kV-level high voltage, which is unfavorable for the access of new energy sources such as energy storage, photovoltaics and the like. Therefore, the scheme leads to high cost, large size and difficult guarantee of reliability of the charging station, and is inconvenient for accessing new energy.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the technical problems that in the prior art, the insulating voltage level of a converter is high, so that the cost is high, the size is large, the reliability of series connection of a plurality of converter modules is low, photovoltaic and energy storage are inconvenient to access, various charging requirements of an electric vehicle are met, and the like, the patent provides an electric vehicle charging station system with a common direct current bus.
The electric vehicle charging station system is characterized in that the direct current buses comprise at least two groups of direct current buses, a first voltage direct current bus and a second voltage direct current bus, an alternating current module comprises an alternating current power supply, a connecting unit and an alternating unit, one side of the connecting unit is connected with the alternating current power supply, the other side of the connecting unit is connected with the alternating unit, the alternating unit comprises two groups of cascaded three-phase H-bridge converters, the alternating current side of each group of three-phase H-bridge converters is connected with the connecting unit, the direct current side voltage of each group of three-phase H-bridge converters forms the first voltage, the direct current sides of the two groups of three-phase H-bridge converters are cascaded to form the second voltage, the direct current sides of the cascaded three-phase H-bridge converters are connected with the first voltage direct current bus and the second voltage direct current bus, the charging module comprises two DC/DC charging converters, the input ends of the DC/DC charging converters are selectively connected with the first voltage direct current or the second voltage direct current buses according to the charging power requirements of different electric vehicles, and the two input/DC charging modules are connected with the charging modules.
Further, the change-over switch is a switch formed by a mechanical switch or a power electronic device with double poles and double throws, two outputs of the change-over switch are respectively connected with two corresponding charging interfaces, and the outputs of the DC/DC charging converters are connected to different charging interfaces through different switching positions of the change-over switch, so that two DC/DC charging converters in the charging module are connected in parallel to charge the electric automobile with the same charging interface through the change-over switch, or independently charge the electric automobile with the two charging interfaces through the change-over switch.
Furthermore, the connecting unit comprises a switch breaker and a power frequency isolation transformer, wherein one side of the switch breaker is connected with the alternating current power supply, the other side of the switch breaker is connected with the high-voltage side of the power frequency isolation transformer, and the low-voltage side of the power frequency isolation transformer is connected with the alternating current side of the cascaded three-phase H-bridge converter.
Furthermore, the power frequency isolation transformer is of a three-phase three-column type, the high-voltage side winding is connected to the medium-voltage alternating current power supply through the switch breaker by adopting a triangle connection method or a star connection method, the low-voltage side comprises two groups of independent three-phase windings, the voltages and phases of the two groups of three-phase windings are the same, the three windings of the three-phase windings are mutually independent and are not connected, and the three windings are respectively connected to the alternating current side of the three-phase H-bridge converter.
Further, the alternating current power supply is a three-phase 10KV or 35KV alternating current power supply.
Further, the first voltage is 750V, and the second voltage is 1500V.
Furthermore, the three-phase H-bridge converters adopt a single-stage frequency multiplication PWM modulation mode, carrier frequencies of PWM modulation of the two groups of three-phase H-bridge converters are the same, the phase difference is 180 degrees, an alternating current output filter of the three-phase H-bridge converters adopts an LCL type or L type filter circuit for filtering, and leakage inductance of the power frequency isolation transformer can be used as a network side inductance of the LCL filter or an inductance of the L type filter in the three-phase H-bridge inverter.
Further, the electric vehicle charging station system further comprises a direct current module, and the output side of the direct current module is connected with the first voltage direct current bus or the second voltage direct current bus.
Further, the direct current module comprises a photovoltaic cell panel and a photovoltaic converter, the photovoltaic converter is a DC/DC converter, the input side of the photovoltaic cell panel is connected with the output side of the photovoltaic cell panel, and the direct current bus is connected with the output side of the photovoltaic cell panel, so that energy flows from the photovoltaic cell panel to the direct current bus in a unidirectional manner.
Further, the electric vehicle charging station system further comprises an energy storage module, the energy storage module comprises an energy storage battery and an energy storage converter, the energy storage converter is an isolated DC/DC converter, one side of the energy storage converter is connected with the first voltage DC bus or the second voltage DC bus, the other side of the energy storage converter is connected with the energy storage battery, the energy flow direction is bidirectional, the energy of the DC module and the energy of the AC module are stored in a low-peak period of electricity consumption, and the energy is provided for the electric vehicle by discharging in a high-peak period of electricity consumption.
The invention can obtain the following beneficial effects:
the invention adopts the power frequency transformer to carry out high-low voltage isolation, and has the characteristics of mature technology, high reliability and low cost. Meanwhile, the AC-DC converter adopts a main circuit topology of cascade connection of two groups of three-phase H-bridge converters, the H-bridge main circuit is a two-level circuit, each bridge arm is only connected with two power electronic switching devices in series, the topology structure is simple, the control is simple and convenient, and the reliability of the converter is high.
The grid-connected harmonic pollution is small, the AC-DC converter adopts a three-phase H-bridge converter and a unipolar PWM modulation method, the output equivalent switching frequency of the AC side is twice the actual switching frequency of the device, and meanwhile, the AC output filter adopts an LCL filter, so that the harmonic pollution to an AC power grid can be effectively reduced.
The charging requirements of electric vehicles with different powers are met, wherein three direct current buses of a positive bus, a negative bus and a zero bus can be output from the cascade direct current side of the two three-phase H-bridge converters in the system, the rated voltage between the positive bus and the zero bus is 750V, the rated voltage between the zero bus and the negative bus is 750V, and the rated voltage between the positive bus and the negative bus is 1500V. According to the charging power requirements of different electric vehicles, the charging current transformer can be connected with buses with different voltages. Under the condition of lower charging voltage and power, a 750V direct-current voltage bus can be connected, and under the condition of higher charging voltage and power, a 1500V direct-current voltage bus can be connected.
The three-phase H-bridge converter in the system can output low direct current bus voltage of 750V and 1500V, and is convenient to access the photovoltaic converter and the energy storage converter, so that the energy conversion efficiency is improved.
The charging flexibility and fault tolerance of the electric automobile are improved, wherein the output of each charging converter is connected with a double-pole double-throw change-over switch, each change-over switch has two outputs, and each output corresponds to a charging interface of the electric automobile. Two adjacent charging converters form a charging module, and the two charging converters of the same charging module can be connected with two independent charging interfaces through a change-over switch or can be connected with the same charging interface through the change-over switch in parallel. When the two charging converters charge the electric automobile through the same charging interface, the charging power of the corresponding electric automobile can be doubled, and the charging speed is increased. When one charging converter in the charging module stops working, the other charging converter can be connected into a corresponding charging interface through a change-over switch to charge the corresponding electric automobile, and the online rate of the charging port is improved. Therefore, the flexibility and fault tolerance of the electric automobile charging are greatly improved by adding the change-over switch and the module, and the influence of the fault of a part of the charging converter of the system on the electric automobile charging is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a block diagram of a charging station system of an electric vehicle charging station system for sharing a dc bus of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a block diagram of a three-phase H-bridge inverter of an electric vehicle charging station system with a common dc bus of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a topology diagram of a charging module DC/DC converter of an electric vehicle charging station system with a common DC bus of the present invention.
The power supply comprises a power supply 1, an alternating current power supply 2, a switching circuit breaker 3, a power frequency isolation transformer 4, an alternating unit 5, a direct current bus 6, a charging module 7, a switching module 8, a photovoltaic converter 9 and an energy storage converter.
Detailed Description
In order that the above-recited objects, features and advantages of the present invention will become more readily apparent, a more particular description of the invention will be rendered by reference to specific embodiments thereof which are illustrated in the appended drawings.
In the following description, numerous specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the present invention, but the present invention may be practiced in other ways other than those described herein, and persons skilled in the art will readily appreciate that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.
As shown in fig. 1, the invention provides an electric vehicle charging station system with a common direct current bus, which comprises a medium-voltage alternating current power supply, a switch breaker, a power frequency isolation transformer, an alternating unit, a direct current +/-750V bus, a photovoltaic converter and an energy storage converter, wherein the alternating unit is connected with the low-voltage side of the transformer and consists of two groups of cascaded three-phase H bridge converters, the input end of the photovoltaic converter and the energy storage converter are connected with the direct current bus, the output ends of the photovoltaic converter and the energy storage converter are respectively connected with a photovoltaic cell panel and the energy storage unit, a plurality of charging modules are connected with the direct current bus, and a switching module and an electric vehicle are connected with the output end of the charging modules and consist of a plurality of switching switches. The DC/DC charging converter topology in the charging module is of an isolated DAB topology structure, and bidirectional energy flow can be performed. The three-phase H bridge converter is used for realizing the access of the photovoltaic, energy storage equipment and direct current charging pile, and meanwhile, the flexible charging of the electric automobile is realized, and the fault tolerance and the reliability are high.
The method comprises the following steps that a medium-voltage alternating-current voltage side is a power grid power supply incoming line, a high-voltage side of an isolated power frequency transformer is connected through a switch breaker, the transformer is in a three-phase three-column type, a triangular connection method or a star connection method is adopted on the high-voltage side of the transformer, two groups of three-phase independent windings are adopted on the low-voltage side of the transformer, two groups of three-phase H-bridge converters are cascaded, each alternating-current input end is respectively connected with a winding on the low-voltage side of the transformer, and direct-current buses are led out from output ends of the two groups of three-phase H-bridge converters to form a direct-current bus with +/-750V. Each charging module contains two sets of DC/DC charging converters. Each charging module is provided with a corresponding switching module, and the charging converter charges the electric automobile through the corresponding switching switch. As shown in fig. 1, the input ends of the charging converters A1 and A2 are respectively connected with dc+, DC0 and DC0, and DC-to be connected with a 750V direct current bus, the output ends of the charging converters A1 and A2 are respectively connected with the change-over switches A1 and A2, and the electric vehicles A1 and A2 are charged by closing and opening the switches.
The change-over switch is a double-pole double-throw switch or a power electronic switch, when the two double-pole double-throw switches of the change-over switches A1 and A2 are connected with the contacts on the change-over switches, the charging converter A1 and the charging converter A2 charge the electric automobile A1 simultaneously, so that the charging speed of the electric automobile can be greatly improved, and the requirement of a user on the charging speed is met. When the switch A1 is connected with the upper contact, the switch A2 is connected with the lower contact, and the charging current transformer A1 and the charging current transformer A2 charge the electric automobile A1 and the electric automobile A2 respectively, so that the requirement of simultaneous charging of a plurality of users can be met. When one of the charging converters of the charging module fails, the other charging converter can replace the failed converter to charge the corresponding electric automobile. If the charging converter A1 is damaged, the change-over switch A2 is connected with the upper contact so that the charging converter A2 charges the electric automobile A1, and the electric automobile A1 is ensured to be charged normally and reliably. In addition, when the required charging voltage and power of the electric automobile are relatively large, the input ends of the charging converters B1 and B2 are connected with DC+ and DC-to be connected with 1500V direct-current voltage, and then the high-power electric automobile B1 and B2 are charged through the change-over switch B1 and the change-over switch B2.
The medium-voltage alternating current power supply is reduced by a transformer and is inverted into direct current by two groups of cascaded H-bridge converters, and the inverter circuit adopts a three-phase H-bridge, and the three-phase H-bridge structure is shown in figure 2. L1, L3 and L5 are leakage inductance of the transformer, L2, L4 and L6 are filter inductance of the inverter side as network side inductance of the LCL filter of the inverter, C1, C3 and C4 are AC filter capacitors, C2 is DC filter capacitor, and Q1-Q12 are power electronic switching devices, can be IGBT/diode modules and MOSFETs based on silicon materials, and can be switching devices based on silicon carbide or gallium nitride. D1-D12 are anti-parallel diodes of Q1-Q12, respectively.
In the invention, the DC/DC converter adopts an isolated DAB topological structure, and the DAB topological structure is shown in figure 3. The circuit topology is composed of a high-frequency transformer T, an inductor Lr, an input capacitor Cin, an output capacitor Cout, a full bridge H1 and a full bridge H2. Wherein the transformer transformation ratio is N1, and the specific value of N can be adjusted according to the load requirement. S1-S8 in the full bridge H1 and the full bridge H2 are power electronic switching devices, can be IGBT/diode modules and MOSFETs based on silicon materials, and can also be switching devices based on silicon carbide or gallium nitride, and D1-D8 are anti-parallel diodes of S1-S8 respectively.
The photovoltaic converter is a DC/DC converter, one side is connected with a direct current 750V or 1500V bus, the other side is connected with a photovoltaic cell panel, the energy flow direction is unidirectional, and the energy flows from the photovoltaic cell to the direct current bus, so that the photovoltaic panel can be controlled to operate at a maximum power tracking point. The energy storage converter is an isolated DC/DC converter, one side is connected with a direct current 750V or direct current 1500V bus, the other side is an energy storage unit (which can be a lithium battery or other battery energy storage unit), the energy flow direction is bidirectional, and the energy can flow from the 750V or 1500V bus to the energy storage unit or from the energy storage unit to the 750V or 1500V bus. The distributed energy source and the energy source in the energy storage device can realize the in-situ energy source absorption in the charging station provided by the invention. The distributed energy (photovoltaic) and the energy in the energy storage device supply electric energy to the electric automobile through the photovoltaic converter, the energy storage converter, the direct current bus converter and other converters respectively, so that the in-situ energy consumption is realized.
It should be noted that the above embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solution of the present invention and not for limiting the same, and although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, it should be understood by those skilled in the art that the technical solution of the present invention may be modified or substituted without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solution of the present invention, which is intended to be covered in the scope of the claims of the present invention.
Claims (5)
1. An electric vehicle charging station system sharing a direct current bus is characterized by comprising a direct current bus, an alternating current module, a plurality of charging modules and a plurality of switching modules;
the direct current buses comprise at least two groups of direct current buses, namely a first voltage direct current bus and a second voltage direct current bus;
The alternating current module comprises an alternating current power supply, a connecting unit and an alternating current unit, wherein one side of the connecting unit is connected with the alternating current power supply, the other side of the connecting unit is connected with the alternating current unit, the alternating current unit comprises two groups of cascaded three-phase H-bridge converters, the alternating current side of each group of three-phase H-bridge converters is connected with the connecting unit, the direct current side voltage of each group of three-phase H-bridge converters forms the first voltage, the direct current side of each group of three-phase H-bridge converters is cascaded to form the second voltage, and the direct current side of the cascaded three-phase H-bridge converters is connected with the first voltage direct current bus and the second voltage direct current bus;
The connecting unit comprises a switch breaker and a power frequency isolation transformer, wherein one side of the switch breaker is connected with the alternating current power supply, and the other side of the switch breaker is connected with the high-voltage side of the power frequency isolation transformer;
the three-phase H-bridge converters adopt a single-stage frequency multiplication PWM modulation mode, carrier frequencies of PWM modulation of the two groups of three-phase H-bridge converters are the same, the phase difference is 180 degrees, an alternating current output filter of the three-phase H-bridge converters adopts an LCL type or L type filter circuit for filtering, and leakage inductance of the power frequency isolation transformer is used as a network side inductance of the LCL filter or an inductance of the L type filter in the three-phase H-bridge converters;
The charging module comprises two DC/DC charging converters, and the input end of each DC/DC charging converter is selectively connected with the first voltage direct current bus or the second voltage direct current bus according to the charging power requirements of different electric vehicles;
The switching module comprises two switching switches, the input of the two switching switches is correspondingly connected with the output of the two DC/DC charging converters of the charging module, and the output of the two switching switches is connected to the charging interface of the electric automobile;
The switch is a switch formed by a double-pole double-throw mechanical switch or a power electronic device, two outputs of the switch are respectively connected with two corresponding charging interfaces, and the outputs of the DC/DC charging converters are connected to different charging interfaces through different switching positions of the switch, so that the two DC/DC charging converters in the charging module are connected in parallel to charge the electric automobile of the same charging interface through the switch, or independently charge the electric automobile of the two charging interfaces through the switch;
the electric vehicle charging station system further comprises a direct current module, wherein the output side of the direct current module is connected with the first voltage direct current bus or the second voltage direct current bus;
the electric vehicle charging station system further comprises an energy storage module, the energy storage module comprises an energy storage battery and an energy storage converter, the energy storage converter is an isolated DC/DC converter, one side of the energy storage converter is connected with the first voltage direct current bus or the second voltage direct current bus, the other side of the energy storage converter is connected with the energy storage battery, the energy flow direction is bidirectional, the energy of the direct current module and the energy of the alternating current module are stored in a low-peak period of electricity consumption, and the energy is provided for the electric vehicle by discharging in a high-peak period of electricity consumption.
2. The electric vehicle charging station system with the common direct current bus according to claim 1, wherein the power frequency isolation transformer is of a three-phase three-column type, the high-voltage side winding is connected to the alternating current power supply through the switch breaker by adopting a triangle connection method or a star connection method, the low-voltage side comprises two independent three-phase windings, the voltages and phases of the two independent three-phase windings are the same, the three windings of the three-phase windings are independent of each other and are connected to the alternating current side of the three-phase H-bridge converter respectively.
3. The electric vehicle charging station system with the common DC bus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the AC power source is a three-phase 10KV or 35KV AC power source.
4. The electric vehicle charging station system with the common DC bus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the first voltage is 750V and the second voltage is 1500V.
5. The electric vehicle charging station system with the common direct current bus as set forth in claim 1, wherein the direct current module comprises a photovoltaic panel and a photovoltaic converter, the photovoltaic converter is a DC/DC converter, the input side of the photovoltaic panel is connected with the output side of the direct current bus, and the unidirectional energy flow from the photovoltaic panel to the direct current bus is realized.
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| CN116494790A (en) * | 2023-04-27 | 2023-07-28 | 青岛鼎信通讯科技有限公司 | Super charging pile for charging electric automobile |
| CN118432036A (en) * | 2024-03-25 | 2024-08-02 | 广州地铁设计研究院股份有限公司 | A bidirectional energy flow supply and distribution system supported by a DC dual power supply energy storage device |
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| ITMI20131009A1 (en) * | 2013-06-18 | 2014-12-19 | Eutecne S R L | SYSTEM FOR CHARGING ELECTRIC VEHICLES |
| CN205610301U (en) * | 2016-05-23 | 2016-09-28 | 深圳市科华恒盛科技有限公司 | Flexible charging system of common bus intelligence |
| CN207819503U (en) * | 2018-01-25 | 2018-09-04 | 广州市聚欣盈复合材料科技有限公司 | A kind of quick charge carbon fiber knapsack |
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| CN111786447A (en) * | 2020-07-15 | 2020-10-16 | 河南城建学院 | A positive and negative pulse charging device |
| CN214154039U (en) * | 2021-01-04 | 2021-09-07 | 安徽南瑞继远电网技术有限公司 | Full direct current topological structure of true bipolar operation electric energy router suitable for building residence |
| CN113428028A (en) * | 2021-07-20 | 2021-09-24 | 上海电力大学 | Electric vehicle charging station with multiple alternating current power supply ports and multiple direct current buses |
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