CN114010257A

CN114010257A - Punching tool

Info

Publication number: CN114010257A
Application number: CN202111375161.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 吴丹; 刘佳聪; 胡坚
Original assignee: Individual
Current assignee: Individual
Priority date: 2021-11-19
Filing date: 2021-11-19
Publication date: 2022-02-08

Abstract

The invention discloses a punching tool, which comprises a drill rod and a drill bit arranged at the head end of the drill rod, wherein the drill rod comprises a rod body and a rod head rotationally connected with the rod body, and the drill bit is rotationally arranged on the rod head; the drill rod is also provided with a steering driving mechanism which is used for driving the rod head to rotate relative to the rod body so as to adjust the working angle of the drill bit. The drill rod is divided into the rod body and the rod head, the steering driving mechanism is further arranged to drive the rod head to rotate relative to the rod body, and the drill bit is arranged on the rod head, so that when the angle between the rod head and the rod body is changed, the angle between the drill bit and the rod body is also changed, the working angle of the drill bit can be adjusted as required, and the drilling tool is suitable for more rib fracture repair operations.

Description

Punching tool

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of medical instruments, and particularly relates to a punching tool.

Background

The rib fracture repair operation under the thoracoscope is greatly improved compared with the traditional operation mode, and mainly appears as follows:

(1) the traditional rib fracture surgery needs to cut from skin to pectoralis major or anterior serratus, then strip periosteum and intercostal muscles, possibly damage intercostal nerves and intercostal artery and vein, and cause secondary damage to patients during surgery fixation; the thoracoscope operation can be performed from the intrathoracic approach, the broken end of the rib fracture can be seen more directly, the rib fracture reduction and fixation in the whole thoracic cavity can be completed through an operation hole of about 4cm, and the injuries of muscles, nerves and blood vessels are avoided.

(2) In the traditional operation, because the operator needs to reduce the secondary wound of the patient, the incision is narrow and is not suitable for the probing in the thoracic cavity, so that many operators select the traditional operation and the thoracoscopic probing, which is equivalent to two operations, to complete the diagnosis and treatment of the lung contusion and the lung laceration and repair the diaphragmatic muscle rupture caused by rib fracture; the thoracoscopic surgery can complete probing and repairing in the thoracic cavity while repairing ribs.

The rib fracture fixing material adopts a strong porous plastic titanium alloy steel plate at present, periosteum and intercostal muscles do not need to be stripped during fixing, and the rib fracture fixing material can be directly attached to parietal pleura to reach ribs; and when the steel plate is fixed, the steel plate is fixed by driving the channel screw into the rib, generally 4-6 screws are fixed at one rib fracture end, the fixation is more exact, and the steel plate cannot be displaced due to secondary striking of external force. And because the natural arc molding in the chest for the steel sheet atress is even, and the stress surface of steel sheet is the arch, non-deformable shifts.

In order to fix the steel plate, a punching tool is needed to punch and nail the rib. The existing common punching tool, such as a Qiangsheng MIPO tool, has a certain limitation because a drill bit can only vertically punch holes at 90 degrees with a drill rod, and is not suitable for treating all rib fractures.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a punching tool which can randomly change a punching direction and has wider applicability.

In order to achieve the purpose of the invention, the technical scheme of the invention is as follows:

a punching tool comprises a drill rod and a drill bit arranged at the head end of the drill rod, wherein the drill rod comprises a rod body and a rod head rotationally connected with the rod body, and the drill bit is rotationally arranged on the rod head;

the drill rod is also provided with a steering driving mechanism which is used for driving the rod head to rotate relative to the rod body so as to adjust the working angle of the drill bit.

The drill rod is divided into the rod body and the rod head, the steering driving mechanism is further arranged to drive the rod head to rotate relative to the rod body, and the drill bit is arranged on the rod head, so that when the angle between the rod head and the rod body is changed, the angle between the drill bit and the rod body is also changed, the working angle of the drill bit can be adjusted as required, and the drilling tool is suitable for more rib fracture repair operations.

In the invention, the rotation of the drill bit can be driven by the drill rod or a circumferential driver independently arranged at the head end of the drill rod. In order to save space at the position of the drill bit, in the drilling tool, the drill rod is preferably driven to rotate by the circumferential driver, and the drill bit rotates along with the rotation of the drill rod;

the rod head is connected with the rod body in a universal rotating mode through a universal coupling, and the steering driving mechanism is used for driving the joint of the universal coupling to rotate so as to adjust the working angle of the drill bit.

When the universal coupling is adopted to connect the rod body and the rod head, on one hand, the universal coupling can realize universal adjustment of the angle between the rod body and the rod head; on the other hand, the universal coupling can effectively realize the linkage of the club head and the club body.

Preferably, in the above punching tool, the universal coupling comprises at least two connecting joints, and of two adjacent connecting joints, the connecting joint near the rod head is provided with a fixing pin for facilitating the rotary connection with the connecting joint near the rod body;

the steering driving mechanism is used for driving the fixing pin to rotate.

The fixed pin that will rotate two adjacent junctions of connection sets up on the junction near the pole head, then when driving about this fixed pin and rotate, can make the junction, pole head and the drill bit synchronous rotation near the pole head, and the body of rod part near the art person then can keep the position unchangeable, the art person's of being more convenient for operation.

In the above drilling tool, the steering driving mechanism includes a swinging member, a fixed end of the swinging member is fixedly connected to the fixing pin, a swinging end of the swinging member is pivotally connected to the sliding member, and the sliding member has an angle adjusting position that moves along a length direction of the drill rod to drive the swinging member to swing, and a locking position that is fixed to an outer periphery of the rod body to lock the rod head at a predetermined angle.

When the sliding assembly moves along the length direction of the drill rod, the swinging end of the swinging piece swings along with the sliding assembly, and the fixing pin fixedly connected with the fixed end of the swinging piece circumferentially rotates on the position of the fixing pin, so that the working angle of the drill bit is adjusted; when the drill bit rotates to the preset working position, the sliding assembly is switched to the locking position, the positions of the rod head and the drill bit are locked, and the operation is very convenient.

Preferably, in the above punching tool, the rod body is sleeved with a rod body protecting sheath, a rod handle is fixedly arranged at one end of the rod body protecting sheath far away from the rod head, and the rod body is rotatably mounted on the rod handle. When in use, an operator holds the rod handle, and the rod body is driven to rotate in the rod body protecting sheath. In the invention, the circumferential driver driving the rod body to rotate can be directly arranged in the rod handle.

Preferably, in the above punching tool, the sliding assembly includes a sliding sleeve sleeved on the outer periphery of the rod body protecting sheath, and a sliding driving unit for driving the sliding sleeve to slide along the length direction of the rod body;

the device also comprises a push-pull rod, and two ends of the push-pull rod are respectively pivoted with the sliding sleeve and the swinging piece.

The sliding sleeve in sliding fit with the rod body protecting sheath is beneficial to limiting the push-pull direction of the push-pull rod, and two ends of the push-pull rod are respectively hinged with the sliding sleeve and the swinging piece, so that the push-pull rod can swing with a small amplitude along with the swinging piece while being pushed and pulled by the sliding sleeve.

In foretell instrument of punching, the drive unit that slides establish the sleeve in body of rod protection sheath periphery including the cover, this sleeve towards the one end of pole handle and body of rod protection sheath circumferential direction normal running fit, this sleeve has the internal thread towards the one end of sliding sleeve, the sliding sleeve have with the external screw thread of this internal thread looks adaptation.

When the sleeve rotates relative to the rod body protecting sheath, the sliding sleeve slides along the length direction of the rod body protecting sheath under the mutual meshing of the internal thread and the external thread. The rotation of the sleeve can be driven manually or by a power mechanism, and two driving modes can be set simultaneously. Therefore, in the invention, the sleeve is provided with a handle on the periphery for rotating the sleeve conveniently; so as to be used when the sleeve is manually driven to rotate.

In the punching tool, a hinge point of the push-pull rod and the sliding sleeve is positioned at one end, facing the rod head, of the sliding sleeve and is positioned on the outer peripheral side of the sliding sleeve, and an auxiliary locking assembly convenient for locking the sliding assembly is arranged between the push-pull rod and the rod body protecting sheath;

the auxiliary locking assembly comprises at least two first positioning holes formed in the rod body protecting sheath, all the first positioning holes are axially arranged along the rod body protecting sheath, the push-pull rod is provided with at least one second positioning hole, and a locking piece 833 penetrates between each second positioning hole and the corresponding first positioning hole.

The locking member 833 can be a bolt or a latch, and can be selected arbitrarily.

In the punching tool, the universal coupling is provided with at least two fixed pins, and all the fixed pins are hinged with the same push-pull rod through corresponding swinging pieces;

the push-pull rod comprises a first push-pull part and at least one second push-pull part, two ends of the first push-pull part are respectively hinged with the sliding sleeve and the first swinging piece close to the sliding sleeve, two ends of the second push-pull part are respectively hinged with two adjacent swinging pieces, and the first push-pull part and the second push-pull part as well as the two adjacent second push-pull parts are hinged with each other.

After the number of the fixing pins is increased, the adjustment of the working angle of the drill bit can be more precise. Meanwhile, the push-pull rod also needs to be arranged in sections, and when the universal coupling is bent, each part of the push-pull rod can be matched with the universal coupling.

In the punching tool, the rod head is sleeved with a rod head protective sheath, the universal coupling is sleeved with a coupling protective sheath, and the rod body protective sheath, the coupling protective sheath and the rod head protective sheath are fixedly connected or integrally formed;

the coupling protective sheath is a flexible sheath, and the swinging piece is positioned on the outer side of the coupling protective sheath;

the drill bit and the rod head are perpendicular to each other and are driven in a reversing way through a worm gear pair.

Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:

(1) the drill rod is divided into the rod body and the rod head, the steering driving mechanism is further arranged to drive the rod head to rotate relative to the rod body, and the drill bit is arranged on the rod head, so that when the angle between the rod head and the rod body is changed, the angle between the drill bit and the rod body is also changed, the working angle of the drill bit can be adjusted as required, and the drilling tool is suitable for more rib fracture repair operations.

(2) In the invention, the drill rod is driven to rotate by the circumferential driver, and the drill bit rotates along with the rotation of the drill rod; meanwhile, the rod head is connected with the rod body in a universal rotating manner through a universal coupling; on one hand, the universal joint can realize universal adjustment of the angle between the rod body and the rod head; on the other hand, the universal coupling can effectively realize the linkage of the rod head and the rod body; in the third aspect, the power source of the drill bit is arranged on the rod body, so that the space of the working position of the drill bit is greatly saved.

(3) In the invention, the fixing pin for rotatably connecting two adjacent connecting joints in the universal coupling is fixedly arranged on the connecting joint close to the rod head, so that when the fixing pin is driven to rotate, the connecting joint close to the rod head, the rod head and the drill bit can synchronously rotate, and the rod body part close to an operator can keep the position unchanged, thereby being more convenient for the operator to operate.

(4) In the invention, the steering driving mechanism has simple structure, as long as the sliding component moves along the length direction of the drill rod, the swinging end of the swinging component swings along with the sliding component, and the fixed pin fixedly connected with the fixed end of the swinging component circumferentially rotates on the position of the fixed pin, thereby quickly realizing the adjustment of the working angle of the drill bit; when the drill bit rotates to the preset working position, the sliding assembly is switched to the locking position, the positions of the rod head and the drill bit are locked, and the operation is very convenient.

(5) In the invention, the sliding component comprises a sliding sleeve sleeved on the periphery of the rod body protecting sheath and a sliding driving unit for driving the sliding sleeve to slide along the length direction of the rod body; the two ends of the push-pull rod are respectively pivoted with the sliding sleeve and the swinging piece; the sliding sleeve in sliding fit with the rod body protecting sheath is beneficial to limiting the push-pull direction of the push-pull rod, and two ends of the push-pull rod are respectively hinged with the sliding sleeve and the swinging piece, so that the push-pull rod can swing with a small amplitude along with the swinging piece while being pushed and pulled by the sliding sleeve.

(6) In the invention, an auxiliary locking assembly convenient for locking the sliding assembly is arranged between the push-pull rod and the rod body protecting sheath, and the auxiliary locking assembly and the sliding driving unit lock the position of the sliding sleeve together, thereby ensuring the working stability of the drill bit.

(7) According to the invention, the universal coupling is provided with at least two fixing pins, and after the number of the fixing pins is increased, the adjustment of the working angle of the drill bit can be more precise; meanwhile, the push-pull rod also needs to be arranged in sections, and when the universal coupling is bent, each part of the push-pull rod can be matched with the universal coupling.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a piercing tool according to the present invention;

fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the universal joint in fig. 1.

Detailed Description

As shown in fig. 1, the present embodiment is a drilling tool, which includes a drill rod 1, a tail end of the drill rod 1 is rotatably mounted on a rod handle 3, and a circumferential driver for driving the drill rod 1 to rotate is arranged in the rod handle 3; the drill bit 2 is installed at the head end of the drill rod 1, the drill bit 2 and the drill rod 1 are vertically arranged at an angle of 90 degrees, and the drill bit 2 and the drill rod 1 are in reversing transmission through a worm gear pair.

The drill rod 1 of the embodiment comprises a rod body 11 and a rod head 12 which is rotatably connected with the rod body 11 through a universal joint 4, wherein a drill bit 2 is rotatably arranged on the rod head 12; due to the universal variability of the universal joint 4, when the angle between the club head 12 and the club body 11 changes, the working angle of the drill bit 2 also changes; and the head 12 and the shaft 11 can always be ensured to rotate synchronously.

The rod body 11, the universal coupling 4 and the rod head 12 continuously rotate in the working process, in order to protect these components and provide support for the arrangement of other subsequent parts, a rod body protecting sheath 5 is sleeved outside the rod body 11, a coupling protecting sheath 6 is sleeved outside the universal coupling 4, a rod head protecting sheath 7 is sleeved outside the rod head 12, and the rod body protecting sheath 5, the coupling protecting sheath 6 and the rod head protecting sheath 7 can be fixedly connected after being respectively arranged and can also be integrally formed; wherein the coupling protection sheath 6 is a flexible sheath to adapt to the universal bending of the universal coupling 4.

As shown in fig. 2 and seen in fig. 1, the universal joint 4 in this embodiment includes at least two connecting joints 41, and of the two adjacent connecting joints 41, a fixing pin 42 is fixedly disposed on the connecting joint 41 near the club head 12 for facilitating the rotational connection with the connecting joint 41 near the club body 11; thus, when the fixing pin 42 rotates, the connecting joint 41 near the rod head 12, the rod head 12 and the drill bit 2 can rotate synchronously, and the portion of the rod body 11 near the operator can keep the same position, which is more convenient for the operator to operate.

The number of the connecting joints 41 can be specifically set according to specific needs, and obviously, the more the number of the fixing pins 42, the more the adjustment of the working angle of the drill bit 2 can be more fine. This embodiment provides three connecting joints 41 and therefore two fixing pins 42.

In the present embodiment, the steering driving mechanism 8 is adopted to drive the fixing pins 42 to rotate, taking two fixing pins 42 as an example, as shown in fig. 1, the steering driving mechanism 8 of the present embodiment includes swinging members 81 disposed in one-to-one correspondence with the fixing pins 42, a fixed end of each swinging member 81 is fixedly connected to a corresponding fixing pin 42, and swinging ends of all the swinging members 81 are pivotally connected to a same sliding assembly 82, and when the sliding assembly 82 moves along the axial direction of the drill rod 1, the swinging members 81 swing along with the sliding assemblies, and then the fixing pins 42 rotate.

As shown in fig. 1, the sliding assembly 82 includes a sliding sleeve 821 sleeved on the outer circumference of the rod body protecting sheath 5, and a sliding driving unit 822 for driving the sliding sleeve 821 to slide along the length direction of the rod body 11; the device further comprises a push-pull rod 823, wherein the push-pull rod 823 comprises a first push-pull part 823a and a second push-pull part 823b which are hinged to each other, wherein two ends of the first push-pull part 823a are hinged to the sliding sleeve 821 and the first swinging member 81 close to the sliding sleeve 821 respectively, and two ends of the second push-pull part 823b are hinged to the two swinging members 81 respectively; obviously, the first pushing and pulling portion 823a, the second pushing and pulling portion 823b, and the first swinging member 81 near the sliding sleeve 821 are hinged together, and the fixed pin 42, the two swinging members 81, and the second pushing and pulling portion 823b constitute a four-bar linkage.

When the sliding driving unit 822 drives the sliding sleeve 821 to slide along the rod body protecting sheath 5, the push-pull rod 823 synchronously drives the two swinging members 81 to swing, and simultaneously, the angle between the first push-pull portion 823a and the second push-pull portion 823b also changes, and the first push-pull portion 823a swings slightly to adapt to the bending of the universal coupling 4.

When the number of the connection joints 41 is increased or decreased, the number of the second push-pull portions 823b may be increased or decreased accordingly.

As shown in fig. 1, the sliding driving unit 822 of the present embodiment includes a sleeve 822a disposed on the outer circumference of the rod-body protecting sheath 5, wherein one end of the sleeve 822a facing the handle 3 is circumferentially and rotatably engaged with the rod-body protecting sheath 5, one end of the sleeve 822a facing the sliding sleeve 821 has an internal thread, and the sliding sleeve 821 has an external thread 822b adapted to the internal thread; when the sleeve 822a is rotated relative to the rod-body protecting sheath 5, the sliding sleeve 821 is slid along the length direction of the rod-body protecting sheath 5 by the mutual engagement of the internal thread and the external thread 822 b.

The rotation of the sleeve 822a can be driven manually or by a power mechanism, or can be driven by two driving modes simultaneously, so that the surgeon can switch the use. To facilitate manual rotation of the sleeve 822a, a handle 822c is disposed around the sleeve 822 a.

The sleeve 822a not only can drive the sliding sleeve 821 to move, but also can lock the club head 12 in its position when the club head 12 rotates to the desired working angle of the drill bit 2. Meanwhile, in order to further ensure that the club head 12 stays at a desired position, an auxiliary locking member 83 for facilitating locking of the sliding member 82 is provided between the push-pull rod 823 and the shaft body protecting sheath 5.

As shown in fig. 1, the auxiliary locking component 83 includes at least two first positioning holes 831 formed on the rod-body protecting sheath 5, all the first positioning holes 831 are axially arranged along the rod-body protecting sheath 5, the push-pull rod 823 is formed with at least one second positioning hole 832, and a locking component 833 is inserted between the second positioning hole 832 and the corresponding first positioning hole 831, so as to lock the sliding component 82.

In this embodiment, the locking member 833 may be a bolt or a latch, and may be selected as needed.

The working principle of the punching tool in the embodiment is as follows:

in the initial state, the rod head 12 and the rod body 11 are kept horizontal, and the working angle of the drill bit 2 is 90 degrees;

when the working angle of the drill bit 2 needs to be reduced, the operator holds the handle 822c to rotate the sleeve 822a in the forward direction, so that the sliding sleeve 821 slides along the rod body protecting sheath 5 towards the rod handle 3, and at the same time, the push-pull rod 823 drives each swinging member 81 to swing relative to the rod body 11 side, so that the fixing pin 42 rotates in position; the connecting joint 41 fixedly connected with the fixing pin 42 swings around the fixing pin 42, so that the angle between the club head 12 and the club body 11 gradually decreases from 180 degrees, and the working angle of the drill bit 2 gradually decreases from 90 degrees;

when the working angle of the drill bit 2 reaches a preset value, the sleeve 822a stops rotating, and the locking piece 833 penetrates between the second positioning hole 832 of the push-pull rod 823 and the corresponding first positioning hole 831 of the rod body protective sheath 5, so that the sliding sleeve 821 and the push-pull rod 823 are locked on the rod body protective sheath 5 by the locking piece 833 together with the sleeve 822a, and the angle between the rod head 12 and the rod body 11 and the working angle of the drill bit 2 are fixed; at the moment, the circumferential driver can be started, the rod body 11, the circumferential coupler and the rod head 12 synchronously rotate, and the drill bit 2 is in reversing transmission with the rod head 12 through the worm gear pair to start working;

when the working angle of the drill bit 2 needs to be increased, only the sleeve 822a needs to be rotated reversely.

Claims

1. A drilling tool, comprising a drill rod (1) and a drill bit (2) arranged at the head end of the drill rod (1), wherein the drill rod (1) comprises a rod body (11) and a rod body (11). 11) Rotate the connected rod head (12), and the drill bit (2) is rotatably mounted on the rod head (12);

The drill rod (1) is also provided with a steering drive mechanism (8), which is used to drive the rod head (12) to rotate relative to the rod body (11) to adjust the working angle of the drill head (2). .

2. The drilling tool according to claim 1, wherein the drill rod (1) is driven to rotate by a circumferential driver, and the drill bit (2) rotates with the rotation of the drill rod (1);

The rod head (12) is universally rotatably connected to the rod body (11) through the universal coupling (4), and the steering drive mechanism (8) is used to drive the joint of the universal coupling (4) to rotate And adjust the working angle of the drill bit (2).

3. The drilling tool according to claim 2, wherein the universal joint (4) comprises at least two connecting sections (41), and in two adjacent connecting sections (41) , the connecting section (41) close to the rod head (12) is provided with a fixing pin (42) which is convenient for rotational connection with the connecting section (41) close to the rod body (11);

The steering driving mechanism (8) is used for driving the fixing pin (42) to rotate.

4. The punching tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, the steering driving mechanism (8) comprises a swinging member (81), the fixed end of the swinging member (81) is fixedly connected with the fixing pin (42) , the swinging end of the swinging member (81) is pivotally connected with the sliding assembly (82), and the sliding assembly (82) has an angle that moves along the length direction of the drill rod (1) to drive the swinging member (81) to swing An adjustment position, and a locking position fixed on the outer periphery of the rod body (11) to lock the rod head (12) at a preset angle.

5. The punching tool according to claim 4, characterized in that, the rod body (11) is provided with a rod body protection sheath (5), and the rod body protection sheath (5) is fixed at one end away from the rod head (12). A lever handle (3) is provided, and the lever body (11) is rotatably mounted on the lever handle (3).

6. The punching tool according to claim 5, characterized in that, the sliding assembly (82) comprises a sliding sleeve (821) sleeved on the outer periphery of the rod body protective sheath (5), and a sliding sleeve (821) for driving the sliding a sliding drive unit (822) for sliding the sleeve (821) along the length direction of the rod body (11);

It also includes a push-pull rod (823), two ends of the push-pull rod (823) are pivotally connected with the sliding sleeve (821) and the swing piece (81) respectively.

7. The drilling tool according to claim 6, wherein the sliding drive unit (822) comprises a sleeve (822a) sleeved on the outer periphery of the rod body protection sheath (5), the sleeve (822a) ) one end facing the rod handle (3) and the rod body protective sheath (5) are rotated in the circumferential direction, and one end of the sleeve (822a) facing the sliding sleeve (821) has an internal thread, and the sliding sleeve (821) has a External thread (822b) that matches the internal thread.

8. The punching tool according to claim 6, wherein the hinge point of the push-pull rod (823) and the sliding sleeve (821) is at the end of the sliding sleeve (821) facing the rod head (12) and at the end of the sliding sleeve (821) facing the rod head (12). On the outer peripheral side of the sliding sleeve (821), an auxiliary locking assembly (83) for locking the sliding assembly (82) is provided between the push-pull rod (823) and the rod body protection sheath (5);

The auxiliary locking assembly (83) includes at least two first positioning holes (831) opened on the rod body protective sheath (5), and all the first positioning holes (831) are axially arranged along the rod body protective sheath (5), The push-pull rod (823) is provided with at least one second positioning hole (832), and a locking piece (833) is pierced between the second positioning hole (832) and the corresponding first positioning hole (831).

9 . The drilling tool according to claim 6 , wherein the universal joint ( 4 ) has at least two fixing pins ( 42 ), and all the fixing pins ( 42 ) are oscillated correspondingly. 10 . The piece (81) is hinged with the same push-pull rod (823);

The push-pull rod (823) includes a first push-pull part (823a) and at least one second push-pull part (823b). The first swinging member (81) of the sleeve (821) is hinged, the two ends of the second push-pull portion (823b) are respectively hinged with the two adjacent swinging members (81), and the first push-pull portion (823a) is hinged to each other. ) and the second push-pull part (823b), and between two adjacent second push-pull parts (823b) are hinged to each other.

10. The punching tool according to any one of claims 5-9, wherein the rod head (12) is provided with a rod head protective sheath (7) on the outer sleeve, and the universal joint (4) A coupling protective sheath (6) is sleeved on the outer periphery, and the rod body protective sheath (5), the coupling protective sheath (6) and the rod head protective sheath (7) are fixedly connected or integrally formed;

The coupling protection sheath (6) is a flexible sheath, and the swinging member (81) is located outside the coupling protection sheath (6);

The drill bit (2) and the rod head (12) are arranged perpendicular to each other and are reversely driven through a worm gear and worm pair.