CN114004493A - Method and device for planning power generation capacity, computer equipment and storage medium - Google Patents
Method and device for planning power generation capacity, computer equipment and storage medium Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
本发明提供的发电容量规划的方法、装置、计算机设备及存储介质，包括：S1获取规划年所有时段的负荷预测数据、新能源出力预测数据、发电机组的基础数据及储能装置的基础数据；S2基于规划年中每一天的开机机组组合情况，计算所有时段的剩余低谷调峰容量，绘制剩余低谷调峰容量持续曲线；S3建立基于低谷调峰能力需求和储能装置的发电容量规划模型；S4结合筛选曲线法和拉格朗日松弛法对发电容量规划模型求解，获取发电容量规划结果。本发明考虑低谷调峰能力需求，通过统筹规划储能装置与常规发电机组，得出能满足系统低谷调峰能力需求及经济性兼顾的发电容量规划结果，为含新能源和储能装置的电力系统发电容量规划问题提供合理决策依据，在实际发电容量规划中具有良好的应用前景。
The method, device, computer equipment and storage medium for power generation capacity planning provided by the present invention include: S1 acquiring load forecast data, new energy output forecast data, basic data of generator sets and basic data of energy storage devices for all periods of the planning year; S2 calculates the remaining trough peak shaving capacity in all periods based on the combination of startup units on each day of the planning year, and draws the remaining trough peak shaving capacity continuation curve; S3 establishes a power generation capacity planning model based on the trough peak shaving capacity demand and energy storage devices; S4 combines the screening curve method and the Lagrangian relaxation method to solve the power generation capacity planning model and obtain the power generation capacity planning results. The present invention takes into account the demand for peak shaving capacity in low valleys, and through overall planning of the energy storage device and the conventional generator set, obtains a power generation capacity planning result that can meet the demand for peak shaving capacity in low valleys of the system and takes into account both the economy. The system power generation capacity planning problem provides a rational decision basis, and has a good application prospect in the actual power generation capacity planning.
Description
Technical Field
The present invention relates to the field of power system energy planning, and in particular, to a method, an apparatus, a computer device, and a computer-readable storage medium for generating capacity planning.
Background
In order to realize the aims of carbon neutralization and carbon peak reaching, the development and utilization of clean energy sources such as wind power, photovoltaic and the like become important ways for low-carbon transformation in the power generation link of a power system. By the end of 2020, the wind and light power generators in our country cumulatively reach 5.34 hundred million kilowatts. With the increasing proportion of new energy, the problem of limited new energy consumption level caused by insufficient valley peak shaving capacity of a power system is increasingly highlighted.
Energy storage devices have gained increasing attention and use in recent years as one of the most potential flexible peak shaving resources. Government agencies such as the national energy agency also release documents in succession, encourage the allocation of energy storage devices in a certain proportion in a power supply structure, and utilize the characteristic of peak clipping and valley filling of the energy storage devices to relieve the problem of insufficient low-valley peak-load-adjusting capacity of a power system, thereby promoting the consumption of new energy and improving the safe reliability of the operation of a power grid. Therefore, the method for planning the power generation capacity by considering the requirement of the low-valley peak regulation capacity and the energy storage device can fundamentally improve the low-valley peak regulation capacity of the power system, provides a reasonable decision basis for the overall planning of the conventional generator set, the new energy generator set and the energy storage device, and has important practical significance.
At present, the power generation capacity planning research of an electric power system with an energy storage device mostly focuses on the directions of relieving the fluctuation of new energy output by the energy storage device, adjusting the system frequency stability brought by new energy access, returning benefit of energy storage device investment and the like, and the deep research is rarely performed in the aspect of comprehensively planning the energy storage device to improve the valley peak shaving capacity of the whole electric power system. And, because the system's low-valley peak shaving ability is related to the unit combination arrangement, it is difficult to consider at the annual planning level. A few researches establish a two-phase planning-operation combined optimization model, although the minimum technical output limit of a single generator set is introduced into operation constraint, the low-valley peak shaving capacity requirement of the whole system is not considered, and the operation conditions of a part of typical days are considered because the operation optimization calculation amount of a simulation generator set all the year round is too large and time is long. The randomness of the new energy output results in a non-complete description of the daily valley peak shaver requirements of the system, considering only typical daily operating conditions. Therefore, the method has high research value in consideration of the low-valley peak regulation capacity requirement of the power system and the power generation capacity planning problem of the energy storage device.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the existing problems, the invention aims to meet the requirement of the low-valley peak regulation capacity of the power system by planning the conventional generator set, the new energy generator set and the energy storage device. The method ensures that different types of generator sets and energy storage devices are scheduled through operation, thereby meeting the requirement of the low-valley peak shaving capacity of a system on each operation day in a planning year and providing a solution for a power generation capacity planning strategy of a power system containing new energy and the energy storage devices.
In order to solve the above problems, the present invention is realized by the following technical solutions:
the invention provides a method for planning generating capacity, which comprises the following steps:
s1, acquiring load prediction data, new energy output prediction data, basic data of the generator set and basic data of the energy storage device in all time periods of the planning year;
s2, calculating the residual valley peak shaving capacity of all time intervals based on the startup unit combination condition of each day in the planning year, and drawing a residual valley peak shaving capacity continuous curve;
s3, establishing a power generation capacity planning model based on the valley peak regulation capacity requirement and the energy storage device;
and S4, solving the power generation capacity planning model by combining a screening curve method and a Lagrange relaxation method to obtain a power generation capacity planning result.
The residual valley peak load regulation capacity of all time intervals is calculated based on the startup unit combination condition of each day in the planning year,
the step of drawing the remaining valley peak shaver capacity continuous curve comprises the following steps:
modeling the remaining valley peak shaver capacity of the system;
respectively calculating the residual valley peak shaving capacity of 24 time intervals in each operation day of the planning year based on the starting unit combination condition of each day in the planning year;
arranging the residual valley peak-shaving capacities of all time periods in a descending order to obtain a continuous curve of the annual residual valley peak-shaving capacity of the system;
and acquiring the annual low-valley peak-load insufficient electric quantity of the system.
The remaining valley peak shaver capacity BCCM of the system after the day d, t, meets the valley peak shaver margin*The formula for the calculation of (d, t) is:
BCCM*(d，t)＝L(d，t)-PRES(d，t)-PGmin(d)-ΔB(d)，
d∈[1，365]，t∈[1，24] (1)
in the formula, PGmin(d) Represents the sum of the minimum technical output, L (d, t) and P, of the unit started on the day dRES(d, t) is the original load and the new energy output in the period t on the d day respectively, and delta B (d) is the valley peak regulation margin required to be reserved by the system on the d day;
maximum load R according to day dmax(d) Determining the starting unit combination of the day according to the unit loading sequence; the calculation formula for constraining the supply and demand balance is as follows:
in the formula, mui(d) Dividing the starting capacity of the unit i on the d day by the installed capacity Ki；
When the unit is optimally loaded according to the valley peak regulation performance, the sum P of the minimum technical output of the system on the d dayGmin(d) Minimum, the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein eta isiThe minimum technical output is greater than the maximum technical output of the generator set i;
will PGmin(d) The maximum residual valley peak load capacity of the system in the period t of the day d can be obtained by the following formula (1)
If it is
The d day t period cannot meet the requirement of the system on the valley peak load regulation capacity by scheduling the power generation capacity combination; if it is
The d-th day t period can meet the low-valley peak-shaving capacity requirement of the system by scheduling the power generation capacity combination.
All the time periods
(d∈[1，365]，t∈[1，24]) Arranging according to descending order to obtain a continuous curve B (t) of the annual residual valley peak-shaving capacity of the system;
if [ t ]B，T]For periods of time when the valley peak regulation margin is not met, the annual valley peak regulation insufficient electric quantity of the system is
The step of solving the power generation capacity planning model by combining a screening curve method and a Lagrange relaxation method to obtain a power generation capacity planning result comprises the following steps:
obtaining the relationship between the optimal power generation capacity, the optimal electric quantity and the optimal operation time of the conventional generator set and the energy storage device by combining the remaining valley peak-shaving capacity continuous curve and a screening curve method;
establishing an optimization model based on equivalent of a screening curve method, and solving by a Lagrange relaxation method to obtain the optimal running time of each type of the generator set;
and substituting the solved optimal running time into a screening curve method to obtain an optimal power generation capacity combination and an optimal power generation electric quantity combination.
Regulating the peak-to-valley power Q of the systemFThe energy storage device charging system is used for providing energy storage device charging for free, and the minimum total cost of a planned annual system is taken as an objective function;
after equivalence is carried out based on a screening curve method, a power generation capacity planning model of the energy storage device and the requirement of the valley peak regulation capacity is as follows:
αQs-QF≥0 (6)
wherein the unit investment cost and the unit power generation cost of the conventional generator set i are respectively cinv，iAnd cop，i(i 1.., N), the unit investment cost of the energy storage device is cinv，sThe charge-discharge cycle efficiency is 1/alpha, alpha is more than 1, the charge and discharge capacities are equal and are both Ks(ii) a After considering the charge and discharge loss, the running cost of the stored energy is alpha cop，1And the total generated energy of the energy storage device is QsThe amount of electricity required for charging isIs alpha Qs；
The optimal generated electricity quantity Q of the conventional generator setiOptimal power generation capacity KiAnd its optimum running time tiAnd the optimum generated electric quantity Q of the energy storage devicesOptimal power generation capacity KsAnd its optimum running time tsThe relationship of (a) is shown as follows:
Ks＝Rmax-R(ts) (9)
in the formula, T is the utilization hours of the base load unit running at full time; for constraint (6), a lagrangian multiplier λ is introduced, and the lagrangian function ξ can be expressed as:
the optimal generated electricity quantity Q of the generator sets of different types is converted into the normaliOptimal power generation capacity KiAnd the optimal generating electric quantity Q of the energy storage devicesOptimal power generation capacity KsSubstituting the lagrange function, the nonlinear complementary condition can be expressed as:
when the energy storage device is a generator set bearing peak load, i.e. uNIs an energy storage device;
optimum run time t of energy storage device without consideration of the system's valley peak shaving capability requirementsComprises the following steps:
the energy storage operation time which can be provided by abandoned wind power is tn：
After considering the low-valley peak-shaving capability requirement of the system, the optimal running time can be calculated by a nonlinear complementary conditional expression (13):
the nonlinear complementary conditional expression (14) has two cases:
when in use
When lambda is more than 0, the energy storage charging electric quantity is completely regulated from valley to peak and the insufficient electric quantity Q is obtainedFProviding, storage energy discharge hours (t's＝tn)＞tsNamely, at this time, the system has a large valley peak-shaving pressure, and the energy storage capacity is mainly determined by the technical factors such as the valley peak-shaving capacity requirement of the system.
When in use
When λ is 0, α Q is obtaineds＞QFThe stored energy charging electric quantity is not completely provided by the low-valley peak-shaving insufficient electric quantity, and the discharge hours (t ') of the stored energy's＝ts)＞tnAt the moment, the low-valley peak-shaving pressure of the system is small, and the energy storage capacity is mainly determined by economic factors such as the cost of a generator set and an energy storage device;
substituting the calculated optimal running time into the formulas (8) to (9), so that the optimal power generation capacity combination can be obtained;
when the energy storage means is a generator set carrying sub-peak loads, i.e. uN-1For energy storage devices, the non-linear complementary conditions (13) - (14) can be converted into:
inputting the load prediction data, the new energy output prediction data, the basic data of the generator set and the basic data of the energy storage device in all time periods of the planned year;
establishing a power generation capacity planning model of the power system with the energy storage device when the valley peak regulation capacity requirement is not considered, calculating the optimal power generation capacity combination when the valley peak regulation capacity requirement is not considered based on a screening curve method, and recording the optimal power generation capacity combination as Ki，i＝1，...，N；
Starting from d equal to 1, according to the optimal power generation capacity combination KiAnd the maximum load R on day dmax(d) Determining the combination of the units started on the same day, and respectively calculating the residual valley peak regulation capacity of 24 time periods on the operation day
Repeating the steps until 365 days；
If the 8760 time intervals are all more than or equal to 0, the planning result meets the requirement of the system on the low-valley peak-shaving capacity, and the planning result is directly output; if the part of the time interval is less than 0, the planning result does not meet the requirement of the system on the low-valley peak regulation capacity;
when the planning result does not meet the requirement of the low-valley peak-shaving capacity of the system, the time intervals are divided into a plurality of time intervals
(d∈[1，365]，t∈[1，24]) Arranging according to descending order, drawing a continuous curve B (t) of the annual residual valley peak-load capacity of the system, and further obtaining the annual valley peak-load insufficient electric quantity QF；
Obtaining the relationship between the optimal power generation capacity and the optimal power generation capacity of the conventional generator set and the energy storage device and the optimal operation time by combining the residual valley peak-shaving capacity continuous curve and a screening curve method, and establishing an optimization model based on the equivalence of the screening curve method;
solving by a Lagrange relaxation method to obtain the optimal running time of the conventional generator set and the energy storage device;
substituting the solved optimal running time into a screening curve method to obtain an optimal power generation electric quantity combination Q i1, N, and an optimal power generation capacity combination Ki，i＝1，...，N；
And verifying whether the planning result meets the requirement of the low-valley peak regulation capacity.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for power generation capacity planning, the apparatus comprising:
the acquiring unit is used for acquiring load prediction data, new energy output prediction data, basic data of the generator set and basic data of the energy storage device in all time intervals of a planning year;
the computing unit is used for computing the residual valley peak-shaving capacity of all time intervals based on the startup unit combination condition of each day in the planning year and drawing a continuous curve of the residual valley peak-shaving capacity;
the first processing unit is used for establishing a power generation capacity planning model based on the valley peak regulation capacity requirement and the energy storage device;
and the second processing unit is used for solving the power generation capacity planning model by combining a screening curve method and a Lagrange relaxation method to obtain a power generation capacity planning result.
According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer device is proposed, the computer device comprising a processor for implementing the steps of the method of power generation capacity planning according to any of the above-mentioned technical solutions when executing a computer program stored in a memory.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is proposed, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of power generation capacity planning as defined in any one of the previous claims.
By adopting the technical scheme, compared with the prior method, the method has the following advantages that: the invention provides a planning method considering the valley peak-shaving capacity requirement and the power generation capacity of an energy storage device, which can consider the valley peak-shaving capacity requirement of an electric power system in all time periods in a planning year on a planning level, fully play the peak shaving and valley filling functions of the energy storage device, and meet the valley peak-shaving capacity requirement of the system by planning the energy storage device and a conventional generator set together. The method combines a screening curve method and a Lagrange relaxation method to carry out modeling and solving, obtains a generating capacity planning result which can meet the requirements of the system on the low-valley peak shaving capacity and is economical, provides a reasonable decision basis for the problem of generating capacity planning of the power system containing new energy and an energy storage device, and has a good application prospect in the actual generating capacity planning of the power system.
Drawings
Other features, objects and advantages of the invention will become more apparent upon reading of the detailed description of non-limiting embodiments with reference to the following drawings:
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of a method of considering a valley peak shaving capability requirement and a power generation capacity plan of an energy storage device in one embodiment of the invention;
FIG. 2 is a flow chart of a power generation capacity planning solution in consideration of a valley peak shaving capability requirement and an energy storage device in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic diagram illustrating the power generation capacity planning of an energy storage device without consideration of the valley peak shaving capability requirement in one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a graph of remaining valley peak shaver capacity duration for the system in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic diagram of a power generation capacity plan that takes into account the valley peak shaving capability requirement and the energy storage device in one embodiment of the invention.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in detail with reference to specific examples. The following examples will assist those skilled in the art in further understanding the invention, but are not intended to limit the invention in any way. It should be noted that variations and modifications can be made by persons skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention. All falling within the scope of the present invention.
The method of generating capacity planning of the disclosed embodiment of the invention is described in detail below with reference to fig. 1 to 5.
As shown in fig. 1, a flow chart of a method for planning generation capacity provided by the present invention is shown, and the method for planning generation capacity provided by the present invention includes the following steps:
s1, acquiring load prediction data, new energy output prediction data, basic data of the generator set and basic data of the energy storage device in all time periods of the planning year;
s2, calculating the residual valley peak shaving capacity of all time intervals based on the startup unit combination condition of each day in the planning year, and drawing a residual valley peak shaving capacity continuous curve;
s3, establishing a power generation capacity planning model based on the valley peak regulation capacity requirement and the energy storage device;
and S4, solving the power generation capacity planning model by combining a screening curve method and a Lagrange relaxation method to obtain a power generation capacity planning result.
The invention provides a planning method considering the valley peak-shaving capacity requirement and the power generation capacity of an energy storage device, which can consider the valley peak-shaving capacity requirement of an electric power system in all time periods in a planning year on a planning level, fully play the peak shaving and valley filling functions of the energy storage device, and meet the valley peak-shaving capacity requirement of the system by planning the energy storage device and a conventional generator set together. The method combines a screening curve method and a Lagrange relaxation method to carry out modeling and solving, obtains a generating capacity planning result which can meet the requirements of the system on the low-valley peak shaving capacity and is economical, provides a reasonable decision basis for the problem of generating capacity planning of the power system containing new energy and an energy storage device, and has a good application prospect in the actual generating capacity planning of the power system.
Preferably, the basic data of the generator set and the energy storage technology comprises cost parameters and the like. The new energy output prediction data comprises wind, light and other new energy output prediction data.
Further, the step of calculating the remaining valley peak shaving capacity in all periods and drawing the remaining valley peak shaving capacity continuous curve based on the startup unit combination situation of each day in the planning year includes:
modeling the remaining valley peak shaver capacity of the system;
respectively calculating the residual valley peak shaving capacity of 24 time intervals in each operation day of the planning year based on the starting unit combination condition of each day in the planning year;
arranging the residual valley peak-shaving capacities of all time periods in a descending order to obtain a continuous curve of the annual residual valley peak-shaving capacity of the system;
and acquiring the annual low-valley peak-load insufficient electric quantity of the system.
In one example of the invention, to ensure reliable operation of a new energy containing power system, a certain valley peak shaving capacity is reserved for the system in the power generation capacity planning. The low-valley peak-load-shaving capacity of a system in a certain period is the sum of the net load faced by the conventional generator set in the period minus the minimum technical output of the generator set started in the day, and a mathematical model is as follows:
BCCM(d，t)＝L(d，t)-PRES(d，t)-PGmin(d) (1)
l (d, t) and PRES(d, t) the original load and new energy output in the period of time t on day d, PGmin(d) And the sum of the minimum technical output of the unit started on the day d is represented. BCCM (d, t) is the valley peak shaving capacity of the system at the time t on day d. Δ b (d) the valley peak shaver margin reserved for day d system requirements. Therefore, the remaining valley peak shaver capacity BCCM of the system after the valley peak shaver margin is satisfied*(d, t) is:
BCCM*(d，t)＝L(d，t)-PRES(d，t)-PGmin(d)-ΔB(d)，
d∈[1，365]，t∈[1，24] (2)
BCCM*(d, t) is the remaining valley peak shaver capacity for the time period, when the remaining valley peak shaver capacity is negative, the time period does not meet the valley peak shaver margin limit of the system, and the valley peak shaver deficiency capacity is | BCCM*(d，t)|。
Since the system's valley peak shaving capability is related to the startup crew combination on each operating day, it is difficult to consider at the annual planning level. According to the starting mode of each operation day in the planning year, the residual valley peak regulation capacity of each time period in each operation day is calculated respectively. Specifically, the maximum load R according to day dmax(d) And determining the starting unit combination of the day according to the unit loading sequence. First, the supply and demand balance is constrained by:
μi(d) dividing the starting capacity of the unit i on the d day by the installed capacity Ki. When the unit is optimally loaded according to the valley peak regulation performance, the sum P of the minimum technical output of the day d systemGmin(d) Minimum, expressed as follows:
wherein eta isiIs the minimum of the generator set iThe technical output is greater than the maximum technical output. Will PGmin(d) The maximum residual valley peak load capacity of the system in the period t of the day d can be obtained by the following formula (2)
If it is
The d day t period cannot meet the requirement of the system on the valley peak load regulation capacity by scheduling the power generation capacity combination; if it is
The d-th day t period can meet the low-valley peak-shaving capacity requirement of the system by scheduling the power generation capacity combination.
At each time interval
(d∈[1，365]，t∈[1，24]) And (4) arranging in a descending order to obtain a continuous curve B (t) of the annual residual valley peak-shaving capacity of the system. If in the system [ tB，T]For the time interval not meeting the peak regulation margin of the low valley, the low peak regulation insufficient electric quantity of the system
To maximize the peak clipping and valley filling characteristics of the energy storage device, the energy storage device is typically charged during low load periods and discharged during high load periods. Therefore, it is generally considered that the charging capacity of the energy storage device is determined by the base unit u1(nuclear power units and large coal-fired units are generally base charge units bearing base charges). The unit investment cost and the unit power generation cost of the conventional generator set i are respectively cinv，iAnd cop，i(i ═ 1.., N), installed capacity Ki. The unit investment cost of the energy storage device is cinv，sThe charge-discharge cycle efficiency is 1/alpha, alpha is more than 1, the charge and discharge capacities are equal and are both Ks. After considering the charge and discharge loss, the running cost of the stored energy is alpha cop，1And the total generated energy of the energy storage device is QsAmount of electricity required for chargingIs namely alpha Qs. When the system has the problem of insufficient low-valley peak regulation capacity, proper wind abandoning is needed to ensure the reliable operation of the system, and the waste of new energy is caused. In the planning of the power generation capacity considering the low-valley peak-shaving capacity requirement and the energy storage device, in order to relieve the problem of insufficient low-valley peak-shaving capacity of the system and avoid abandoning wind, the low-valley peak-shaving insufficient electric quantity Q of the system is usedFFor providing the energy storage device for charging free of charge. Therefore, the minimum total cost of the system in the planning year is taken as an objective function, and after the equivalence of the screening curve method is based on, a power generation capacity planning model considering the requirements of the energy storage device and the low-valley peak regulation capacity is as follows:
αQs-QF≥0 (7)
in the formula, T is the utilization hours of the base load unit running at full time. Optimal generated electricity quantity Q of conventional generator setiOptimal power generation capacity KiAnd its optimum running time tiAnd the optimum generated electric quantity Q of the energy storage devicesOptimal power generation capacity KsAnd its optimum running time tsThe relationship of (a) is shown as follows:
Ks＝Rmax-R(ts) (10)
for constraint (7), a lagrangian multiplier λ is introduced, and the lagrangian function ξ can be expressed as:
substituting the optimal power generation capacity and the optimal power generation quantity (equations (9) - (12)) of different types of conventional generator sets and energy storage devices into a Lagrange function, wherein the nonlinear complementary condition can be expressed as:
when the energy storage means is a generator set taking on peak charge, i.e. uNIs an energy storage device. Optimum run time t of energy storage device without consideration of the system's valley peak shaving capability requirementsComprises the following steps:
the energy storage operation time which can be provided by abandoned wind power is tn：
Considering the low-valley peak-shaving capability requirement of the system, the optimal running time can be calculated by a nonlinear complementary condition (14):
the nonlinear complementary condition (15) has two cases: 1) when in use
When lambda is larger than 0. At this time, the energy storage charging electric quantity is completely regulated from the valley to the peak insufficient electric quantity QFProviding, storage energy discharge hours (t's＝tn)＞ts. At this time, the system has a large valley peak-shaving pressure, and the energy storage capacity is mainly determined by the technical factors such as the valley peak-shaving capacity requirement of the system. 2) When in use
When λ is 0. At this time, alpha Qs＞QFThe stored energy charging electric quantity is not completely provided by the low-valley peak-shaving insufficient electric quantity, and the discharge hours (t ') of the stored energy's＝ts)＞tn. At the moment, the system has low valley peak load pressure and the energy storage capacity is mainly determined by economic factors such as the cost of the generator set and the energy storage device. Then, the calculated optimum operation time is substituted for equations (9) - (10), that is, the optimum power generation capacity combination can be obtained.
When the energy storage means is a generator set carrying sub-peak loads, i.e. uN-1For energy storage devices, the non-linear complementary conditions (14) - (15) can be converted into:
in another embodiment of the present invention, fig. 2 shows a flow chart for planning and solving a power generation capacity considering a valley peak shaving capacity requirement and an energy storage device, and the main steps are as follows:
1) inputting load prediction data, wind, light and other new energy output prediction data and generator set, energy storage technical cost parameters and other basic data of all time periods of a planning year;
2) establishing a power generation capacity planning model of the power system with the energy storage device when the valley peak regulation capacity requirement is not considered, calculating the optimal power generation capacity combination when the valley peak regulation capacity requirement is not considered based on a screening curve method, and recording the optimal power generation capacity combination as Ki，i＝1，...，N。
3) Starting from d equal to 1, according to the optimal power generation capacity combination KiAnd the maximum load R on day dmax(d) Determining the combination of the units started on the same day, and respectively calculating the residual valley peak regulation capacity of 24 time periods on the operation day
4) Repeating the previous step until the cycle is completed in 365 days.
5) For 8760 time periods
If the number of the planning results is more than or equal to 0, the planning result meets the requirement of the system on the low-valley peak regulation capacity, and the planning result is directly output. If part of the time period
If the value is less than 0, the planning result does not meet the requirement of the system on the low-valley peak-shaving capacity, and the step 6) is entered.
6) At each time interval
(d∈[1，365]，t∈[1，24]) Arranging according to descending order, drawing the continuous curve B (t) of the annual residual valley peak-load capacity of the system, and further obtaining the annual valley peak-load deficiencyElectric quantity QF。
7) And obtaining the relation between the optimal power generation capacity and the optimal power generation capacity of the conventional unit and the energy storage device and the optimal operation time by combining the remaining valley peak-shaving capacity continuous curve and a screening curve method, and establishing an optimization model based on the equivalence of the screening curve method.
8) And solving by a Lagrange relaxation method to obtain the optimal running time of the conventional generator set and the energy storage device.
9) Substituting the solved optimal running time into a screening curve method to obtain an optimal power generation electric quantity combination QiR 1, N, and an optimal power generation capacity combination Ki，i＝1，...，N。
10) And (3) returning the planning result to the step 3), and verifying whether the planning result meets the requirement of the low-valley peak regulation capacity.
In another embodiment of the present invention, as shown in fig. 3, a schematic diagram of a power generation capacity plan including an energy storage device without considering the valley peak shaving capacity requirement is provided based on a screening curve method. The power system comprises N types of conventional generator sets and an energy storage device, wherein the unit investment cost and the unit power generation cost of the conventional generator sets are c respectivelyinv，iAnd cop，i(i ═ 1.., N), installed capacity KiTotal investment cost of cinv，iKi。PiAnd (t) generating output of the generator set i in a time period t. The unit investment cost of the energy storage device is cinv，sThe charge-discharge cycle efficiency is 1/alpha, sigma is more than 1, the charge and discharge capacities are equal and are both Ks. The objective function is the minimum annual total cost of the system:
the supply and demand balance constraints are:
in the formula (I), the compound is shown in the specification,
for the discharge power of the energy storage device during the period t,
for the charging power of the energy storage device during the time period t,
the value of the negative value is the negative value,
positive values. R (t) is the net load of the system during the period t.
The charge and discharge capacity balance constraint of the energy storage device is as follows:
the output constraint of the generator set and the charge and discharge power constraint of the energy storage device are respectively as follows:
the screening curve method in the long-term planning in the power system is a graphic method equivalent to an optimization algorithm. Obtaining the minimum cost broken line of the system through the cost line graphs of the different generator sets, thereby obtaining the annual utilization of the different generator setsAnd (5) obtaining the optimal power generation capacity and electric quantity combination of each type of generator set by combining the annual load continuous curve chart. Similarly, the screening curve method can also be applied to the power generation capacity planning of the energy storage device. To maximize the peak clipping and valley filling characteristics of the energy storage device, the energy storage device is typically charged during low load periods and discharged during high load periods. Therefore, it is generally considered that the charging capacity of the energy storage device is determined by the base unit u1(nuclear power units and large coal-fired units are generally base charge units bearing base charges). After considering the charge and discharge loss, the running cost of the stored energy is alpha cop，1And the total generated energy of the energy storage device is QsThe electric quantity required for charging is alpha Qs. The screening curve method is equivalent to constraints (2) to (6) in the energy storage capacity planning optimization model through combination of a cost straight line graph and an annual load continuous curve graph of the generator set. Therefore, the energy storage capacity planning model based on the screening curve method can be equivalent to:
min C(Ki，Ks)＝∑iQiCop，i+∑iKicinv，i+Kscinv，s+αQscop，1 (8)
wherein, the optimal generating capacity Q of the conventional generator setiOptimum power generation capacity KiAnd its optimum running time tiAnd the optimum generated electric quantity Q of the energy storage devicesOptimum power generation capacity KsAnd its optimum running time tsThe relationship (c) is shown in the following equation.
Ks＝Rmax-R(ts) (11)
In the formula, T is the utilization hours of the base load unit running at full time. Optimum operating time t of conventional generator setsiAnd an optimum operating time t of the energy storage devicesRespectively as follows:
fig. 4 shows a schematic diagram of the remaining valley peak shaving capacity duration curve of the system. In the invention, in order to ensure the reliable operation of the power system containing new energy, certain valley peak shaving capacity is reserved for the system in the power generation capacity planning. The low-valley peak-load-shaving capacity of a system in a certain period is the sum of the net load faced by the conventional generator set in the period minus the minimum technical output of the generator set started in the day, and a mathematical model is as follows:
BCCM(d，t)＝L(d，t)-PRES(d，t)-PGmin(d) (16)
l (d, t) and PRES(d, t) the original load and new energy output in the period of time t on day d, PGmin(d) And the sum of the minimum technical output of the unit started on the day d is represented. BCCM (d, t) is the valley peak shaving capacity of the system at the time t on day d. Delta B (d) is the valley peak regulation margin reserved for the day d system requirement, therefore, the residual valley peak regulation capacity BCCM of the system after the valley peak regulation margin is met*(d, t) is:
BCCM*(d，t)＝L(d，t)-PRES(d，t)-PGmin(d)-ΔB(d)，
d∈[1，365]，t∈[1，24] (17)
BCCM*(d, t) isThe remaining valley peak shaving capacity of the time period, when the remaining valley peak shaving capacity is negative, the time period does not meet the valley peak shaving margin limit of the system, and the valley peak shaving insufficient capacity is | BCCM*(d，t)|。
Because the valley peak shaving capability of the system is related to the startup unit combination, it is difficult to consider the valley peak shaving constraint of the system on the annual planning level. According to the starting mode of each operation day in the planning year, the residual valley peak-shaving capacity of each time period in each operation day is calculated respectively, and then the residual valley peak-shaving capacities of each time period are arranged in a descending order to obtain the continuous curve of the residual valley peak-shaving capacity of the system. Specifically, the starting unit combination of the day is determined according to the maximum load of the day d. When the generator set is loaded optimally according to the peak load regulation performance of the valley, the sum of the minimum technical output of the day d system is minimum and is PGmin(d) This can be represented by the following formula:
wherein eta isiFor the minimum technical output of the generator set i to be greater than the maximum technical output, mui(d) The starting capacity of the generator set i on the day d is taken as the installed capacity. Since the maximum load demand varies from day to day, μ for the same generator set i on different daysi(d) Different. In order to meet the supply and demand balance constraint, the sum of the generating capacity of the starting unit is equal to the maximum load on the day, namely:
will PGmin(d) The maximum residual valley peak load capacity of the system in the period t of the day d can be obtained by the belt type (17)
If it is
If less than 0, it indicates day d, tThe requirement of the system for the low-valley peak-load regulation capacity cannot be met by scheduling the power generation capacity combination in the time interval, at the moment, in order to ensure the reliable operation of the system, proper wind abandon is needed,
the wind curtailment capacity of the time interval; if it is
And if the sum is more than or equal to 0, the d-th day t period can meet the low-valley peak shaving capacity requirement of the system by scheduling the power generation capacity combination.
At each time interval
(d∈[1，365]，t∈[1，24]) And (4) arranging in a descending order to obtain a continuous curve B (t) of the annual residual valley peak-shaving capacity of the system. As can be seen from FIG. 4, [ t ] isB，T]For the time interval not meeting the peak regulation margin of the valley, the annual peak regulation insufficient electric quantity Q of the systemFIs composed of
Fig. 5 shows a schematic diagram of a power generation capacity planning considering the valley peak shaving capacity requirement and the energy storage device based on a screening curve method by taking three conventional generator sets and one energy storage device as examples. When the system has the problem of insufficient low-valley peak regulation capacity, proper wind abandoning is needed to ensure the reliable operation of the system, and the waste of new energy is caused. In the consideration of the low-valley peak-load regulation margin limitation and the power generation capacity planning of the energy storage device, in order to relieve the problem of insufficient low-valley peak-load regulation capacity of the system and avoid abandoning wind, the low-valley peak-load regulation insufficient electric quantity Q of the system is usedFFor providing the energy storage device for charging free of charge. Therefore, after equivalence is carried out based on the screening curve method, a power generation capacity planning model considering the energy storage device and the valley peak regulation margin limitation is as follows:
αQs-QF≥0 (22)
for the constraint (22), a lagrange multiplier λ is introduced, and the lagrange function ξ can be expressed as:
substituting the optimal power generation capacity and the optimal power generation quantity (equations (10) - (13)) of different types of conventional generator sets and energy storage devices into a Lagrange function, wherein the nonlinear complementary condition can be expressed as:
when the energy storage means is a generator set taking on peak charge, i.e. uNIs an energy storage device. Optimum run time t of energy storage device without consideration of the system's valley peak shaving capability requirementsComprises the following steps:
the energy storage operation time which can be provided by abandoned wind power is tn：
Considering the low-valley peak-shaving capability requirement of the system, the optimal running time can be calculated by a nonlinear complementary condition (25):
the nonlinear complementary condition (26) has two cases: 1) when in use
When lambda is larger than 0. At this time, the energy storage charging electric quantity is completely regulated from the valley to the peak insufficient electric quantity QFProviding, storage energy discharge hours (t's＝tn)＞ts. At this time, the system has a large valley peak-shaving pressure, and the energy storage capacity is mainly determined by the technical factors such as the valley peak-shaving capacity requirement of the system. 2) When in use
When λ is 0. At this time, alpha Qs＞QFThe stored energy charging electric quantity is not completely provided by the low-valley peak-shaving insufficient electric quantity, and the discharge hours (t ') of the stored energy's＝ts)＞tn. At the moment, the system has low valley peak load pressure and the energy storage capacity is mainly determined by economic factors such as the cost of the generator set and the energy storage device. Then, the calculated optimum operation time is substituted for equations (10) - (11), that is, the optimum power generation capacity combination can be obtained.
When the energy storage means is a generator set carrying sub-peak loads, i.e. uN-1For energy storage devices, the non-linear complementary conditions (25) - (26) can be converted into:
the invention provides a planning method considering the valley peak-shaving capacity requirement and the power generation capacity of an energy storage device, which can consider the valley peak-shaving capacity requirement of an electric power system in all time periods in a planning year on a planning level, fully play the peak shaving and valley filling functions of the energy storage device, and meet the valley peak-shaving capacity requirement of the system by planning the energy storage device and a conventional generator set together. The method combines a screening curve method and a Lagrange relaxation method to carry out modeling and solving, obtains a generating capacity planning result which can meet the requirements of the system on the low-valley peak shaving capacity and is economical, provides a reasonable decision basis for the problem of generating capacity planning of the power system containing new energy and an energy storage device, and has a good application prospect in the actual generating capacity planning of the power system.
According to a second aspect of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for power generation capacity planning, the apparatus comprising:
the acquiring unit is used for acquiring load prediction data, new energy output prediction data, basic data of the generator set and basic data of the energy storage device in all time intervals of a planning year;
the computing unit is used for computing the residual valley peak-shaving capacity of all time intervals based on the startup unit combination condition of each day in the planning year and drawing a continuous curve of the residual valley peak-shaving capacity;
the first processing unit is used for establishing a power generation capacity planning model based on the valley peak regulation capacity requirement and the energy storage device;
and the second processing unit is used for solving the power generation capacity planning model by combining a screening curve method and a Lagrange relaxation method to obtain a power generation capacity planning result.
According to a third aspect of embodiments of the present disclosure, a computer device is proposed, the computer device comprising a processor for implementing the steps of the method of power generation capacity planning according to any of the above-mentioned technical solutions when executing a computer program stored in a memory.
According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, a computer-readable storage medium is proposed, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of power generation capacity planning as defined in any one of the previous claims.
The above-mentioned embodiments are only specific embodiments of the present invention, not intended to limit the present invention, but to describe the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention in further detail,
it is intended to cover any variations, equivalents, improvements, etc. within the spirit and scope of the invention as defined by the appended claims.
The foregoing description of specific embodiments of the present invention has been presented. It is to be understood that the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments described above, and that various changes and modifications may be made by one skilled in the art within the scope of the appended claims without departing from the spirit of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A method of power generation capacity planning, the method comprising the steps of:
s1, acquiring load prediction data, new energy output prediction data, basic data of the generator set and basic data of the energy storage device in all time periods of the planning year;
s2, calculating the residual valley peak shaving capacity of all time intervals based on the startup unit combination condition of each day in the planning year, and drawing a residual valley peak shaving capacity continuous curve;
s3, establishing a power generation capacity planning model based on the valley peak regulation capacity requirement and the energy storage device;
and S4, solving the power generation capacity planning model by combining a screening curve method and a Lagrange relaxation method to obtain a power generation capacity planning result.
2. The method for generating capacity planning according to claim 1, wherein the step of calculating the remaining valley peak shaving capacity in all time intervals and drawing the remaining valley peak shaving capacity continuous curve based on the startup unit combination situation of each day in the planning year comprises:
modeling the remaining valley peak shaver capacity of the system;
respectively calculating the residual valley peak shaving capacity of 24 time intervals in each operation day of the planning year based on the starting unit combination condition of each day in the planning year;
arranging the residual valley peak-shaving capacities of all time periods in a descending order to obtain a continuous curve of the annual residual valley peak-shaving capacity of the system;
and acquiring the annual low-valley peak-load insufficient electric quantity of the system.
3. The method of power generation capacity planning according to claim 2,
the remaining valley peak shaver capacity BCCM of the system after the day d, t, meets the valley peak shaver margin*The formula for the calculation of (d, t) is:
BCCM*(d，t)＝L(d，t)-PRES(d，t)-PGmin(d)-ΔB(d)，
d∈[1，365]，t∈[1，24] (1)
in the formula, PGmin(d) Represents the sum of the minimum technical output, L (d, t) and P, of the unit started on the day dRES(d, t) is the original load and the new energy output in the period t on the d day respectively, and delta B (d) is the valley peak regulation margin required to be reserved by the system on the d day;
maximum load R according to day dmax(d) Determining the starting unit combination of the day according to the unit loading sequence; the calculation formula for constraining the supply and demand balance is as follows:
in the formula, mui(d) Dividing the starting capacity of the unit i on the d day by the installed capacity Ki；
When the unit is optimally loaded according to the valley peak regulation performance, the sum P of the minimum technical output of the system on the d dayGmin(d) Minimum, the calculation formula is as follows:
wherein eta isiThe minimum technical output is greater than the maximum technical output of the generator set i;
will PGmin(d) The maximum residual valley peak load capacity of the system in the period t of the day d can be obtained by the following formula (1)
If it is
The d day t period cannot meet the requirement of the system on the valley peak load regulation capacity by scheduling the power generation capacity combination; if it is
The d-th day t period can meet the low-valley peak-shaving capacity requirement of the system by scheduling the power generation capacity combination.
4. The method of power generation capacity planning according to claim 3,
all the time periods
(d∈[1，365]，t∈[1，24]) Arranging according to descending order to obtain a continuous curve B (t) of the annual residual valley peak-shaving capacity of the system;
if [ t ]B，T]For periods of time when the valley peak regulation margin is not met, the annual valley peak regulation insufficient electric quantity of the system is
5. The method for generating capacity planning according to claim 4, wherein the step of solving the generating capacity planning model by combining a screening curve method and a Lagrangian relaxation method to obtain a generating capacity planning result comprises:
obtaining the relationship between the optimal power generation capacity, the optimal electric quantity and the optimal operation time of the conventional generator set and the energy storage device by combining the remaining valley peak-shaving capacity continuous curve and a screening curve method;
establishing an optimization model based on equivalent of a screening curve method, and solving by a Lagrange relaxation method to obtain the optimal running time of each type of the generator set;
and substituting the solved optimal running time into a screening curve method to obtain an optimal power generation capacity combination and an optimal power generation electric quantity combination.
6. The method of power generation capacity planning according to claim 5,
regulating the peak-to-valley power Q of the systemFThe energy storage device charging system is used for providing energy storage device charging for free, and the minimum total cost of a planned annual system is taken as an objective function;
after equivalence is carried out based on a screening curve method, a power generation capacity planning model of the energy storage device and the requirement of the valley peak regulation capacity is as follows:
αQs-QF≥0 (6)
wherein the unit investment cost and the unit power generation cost of the conventional generator set i are respectively cinv，iAnd cop，i(i 1.., N), the unit investment cost of the energy storage device is cinv，sThe charge-discharge cycle efficiency is 1/alpha, alpha is more than 1, the charge and discharge capacities are equal and are both Ks(ii) a After considering the charge and discharge loss, the running cost of the stored energy is alpha cop，1And the total generated energy of the energy storage device is QsThe electric quantity required for charging is alpha Qs；
The optimal generated electricity quantity Q of the conventional generator setiOptimal power generation capacity KiAnd its optimum running time tiAnd the optimum generated electric quantity Q of the energy storage devicesOptimal power generation capacity KsAnd its optimum running time tsThe relationship of (a) is shown as follows:
Ks＝Rmax-R(ts) (9)
in the formula, T is the utilization hours of the base load unit running at full time; for constraint (6), a lagrangian multiplier λ is introduced, and the lagrangian function ξ can be expressed as:
the optimal generated electricity quantity Q of the generator sets of different types is converted into the normaliOptimal power generation capacity KiAnd the optimal generating electric quantity Q of the energy storage devicesOptimal power generation capacity KsSubstituting the lagrange function, the nonlinear complementary condition can be expressed as:
when the energy storage device is a generator set bearing peak load, i.e. uNIs an energy storage device;
optimum run time t of energy storage device without consideration of the system's valley peak shaving capability requirementsComprises the following steps:
the energy storage operation time which can be provided by abandoned wind power is tn：
After considering the low-valley peak-shaving capability requirement of the system, the optimal running time can be calculated by a nonlinear complementary conditional expression (13):
the nonlinear complementary conditional expression (14) has two cases:
when in use
When lambda is more than 0, the energy storage charging electric quantity is completely regulated from valley to peak and the insufficient electric quantity Q is obtainedFProviding, storage energy discharge hours (t's＝tn)＞tsThe system has larger low-valley peak-shaving pressure;
when in use
When λ is 0, α Q is obtaineds＞QFThe stored energy charging electric quantity is not completely provided by the low-valley peak-shaving insufficient electric quantity, and the discharge hours (t ') of the stored energy's＝ts)＞tnAt the moment, the low-valley peak-shaving pressure of the system is small, and the energy storage capacity is mainly determined by economic factors such as the cost of a generator set and an energy storage device;
substituting the calculated optimal running time into the formulas (8) to (9), so that the optimal power generation capacity combination can be obtained;
when the energy storage means is a generator set carrying sub-peak loads, i.e. uN-1For energy storage devices, the non-linear complementary conditional equations (13) to (14) can be converted into:
7. the method of power generation capacity planning according to claim 6, characterized in that the method comprises:
inputting the load prediction data, the new energy output prediction data, the basic data of the generator set and the basic data of the energy storage device in all time periods of the planned year;
establishing a power generation capacity planning model of the power system with the energy storage device when the valley peak regulation capacity requirement is not considered, calculating the optimal power generation capacity combination when the valley peak regulation capacity requirement is not considered based on a screening curve method, and recording the optimal power generation capacity combination as Ki，i＝1，...，N；
Starting from d equal to 1, according to the optimal power generation capacity combination KiAnd the maximum load R on day dmax(d) Determining the combination of the units started on the same day, and respectively calculating the residual valley peak regulation capacity of 24 time periods on the operation day
Repeating the steps until 365 days are completed;
if the 8760 time intervals are all more than or equal to 0, the planning result meets the requirement of the system on the low-valley peak-shaving capacity, and the planning result is directly output; if the part of the time interval is less than 0, the planning result does not meet the requirement of the system on the low-valley peak regulation capacity;
when the planning result does not meet the requirement of the low-valley peak-shaving capacity of the system, the time intervals are divided into a plurality of time intervals
(d∈[1，365]，t∈[1，24]) Arranging according to descending order, drawing a continuous curve B (t) of the annual residual valley peak-load capacity of the system, and further obtaining the annual valley peak-load insufficient electric quantity QF；
Obtaining the relationship between the optimal power generation capacity and the optimal power generation capacity of the conventional generator set and the energy storage device and the optimal operation time by combining the residual valley peak-shaving capacity continuous curve and a screening curve method, and establishing an optimization model based on the equivalence of the screening curve method;
solving by a Lagrange relaxation method to obtain the optimal running time of the conventional generator set and the energy storage device;
substituting the solved optimal running time into a screening curve method to obtain an optimal power generation electric quantity combination Qi1, N, and an optimal power generation capacity combination Ki，i＝1，...，N；
And verifying whether the planning result meets the requirement of the low-valley peak regulation capacity.
8. An apparatus for power generation capacity planning, the apparatus comprising:
the acquiring unit is used for acquiring load prediction data, new energy output prediction data, basic data of the generator set and basic data of the energy storage device in all time intervals of a planning year;
the computing unit is used for computing the residual valley peak-shaving capacity of all time intervals based on the startup unit combination condition of each day in the planning year and drawing a continuous curve of the residual valley peak-shaving capacity;
the first processing unit is used for establishing a power generation capacity planning model based on the valley peak regulation capacity requirement and the energy storage device;
and the second processing unit is used for solving the power generation capacity planning model by combining a screening curve method and a Lagrange relaxation method to obtain a power generation capacity planning result.
9. A computer arrangement, characterized in that the computer arrangement comprises a processor for implementing the steps of the method of power generation capacity planning according to any of claims 1-7 when executing a computer program stored in a memory.
10. A computer-readable storage medium, on which a computer program is stored which, when being executed by a processor, carries out the steps of the method of power generation capacity planning according to any one of claims 1 to 7.
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