Liquid distribution device, heat exchanger and air conditioner
Technical Field
The invention relates to the field of air conditioners, in particular to a liquid distribution device, a heat exchanger and an air conditioner.
Background
With the advancement of green efficient refrigeration action schemes, efficient energy-saving equipment will become the mainstream choice in the market. In large commercial chiller units, the heat exchanger acts as the "heart" of the system heat exchange, and its heat transfer performance severely affects the heat transfer efficiency of the heat exchanger. In commercial cooling water sets, the common evaporator comprises a dry type evaporator, a flooded evaporator and a falling film evaporator, and the falling film evaporator is suitable for the development requirement of green and efficient due to high heat exchange efficiency and small refrigerant consumption and is gradually popularized and used by air conditioner and refrigeration equipment manufacturers.
Conventional horizontal tube falling film evaporators are mostly used in large-scale water chiller units, while small-scale units mostly adopt spiral tube falling film type due to size and cost limitations. Because the horizontal tube falling film or the spiral tube falling film is mainly used for high-efficiency evaporation heat exchange in a uniform liquid film formed on the surface of the heat exchange tube, the key factors influencing the heat exchange performance are the liquid film forming condition on the surface of the heat exchange tube, furthermore, as the liquid distributor directly affects the film distribution condition of the top calandria, the film distribution of the whole tube bundle is greatly affected, so that the design of the liquid distributor is important for the falling film type heat exchanger, and the overall comprehensive performance of the heat exchanger is directly affected. The existing liquid distributor needs to be provided with an additional gas-liquid separation device, so that the required liquid distribution space is large, and the structure is not compact enough.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a liquid distribution device, a heat exchanger and an air conditioner, which aim to solve the technical problem that a liquid distributor in the prior art is low in liquid distribution efficiency.
The technical scheme adopted by the invention is as follows:
The invention provides a liquid distribution device which comprises a shell and a liquid distribution component arranged in the shell, wherein a liquid distribution space surrounding the liquid distribution component is formed between the shell and the liquid distribution component, a refrigerant outlet is arranged at the upper part of the shell, and a refrigerant inlet is arranged at one side of the shell to enable a refrigerant to flow spirally along the liquid distribution space.
Further, the casing is upper and lower confined barrel, the cloth liquid subassembly is including setting up the inner tube in the casing, the inner tube link up from top to bottom and be the toper, makes the volume in cloth liquid space from the top down reduces gradually. The top of inner tube is equipped with the baffle, the periphery of baffle with the inner wall interval of barrel, the refrigerant export sets up the top of barrel. The bottom of the inner cylinder is connected with a liquid homogenizing plate between the inner wall of the cylinder, and the liquid homogenizing plate is provided with a liquid homogenizing hole. The flow equalizing holes are arranged at least one circle along the flow equalizing plate, the interval between every two adjacent flow equalizing holes is provided with a bump, and all concave areas among the bumps are connected to form a flow passage communicated with the flow equalizing holes.
Preferably, the number of turns of the flow equalizing holes corresponds to the number of layers of the spiral pipe.
Further, a spiral pipe for exchanging heat with the refrigerant in the cylinder body is arranged below the inner cylinder.
Preferably, the refrigerant flowing direction of the refrigerant inlet is vertical and deviates from the central axis of the cylinder.
The invention also provides a heat exchanger comprising the liquid distribution device.
The invention also provides an air conditioner comprising the heat exchanger.
Compared with the prior art, the conical cylinder type liquid distribution device fully utilizes spiral flow centrifugal collision separation (also called inertial separation) and secondary gravity sedimentation separation at the inlet according to different densities of gas phase and liquid phase in the refrigerant gas-liquid mixture, effectively intercepts a small amount of liquid drops entrained in the upward airflow, and uniformly distributes liquid at the bottom of a single liquid phase refrigerant. Compared with the pressurized gas-liquid dual-phase common liquid distribution, the single-phase gravity liquid distributor which performs gas-liquid separation and then uniformly distributes liquid is low in liquid distribution pressure and even in refrigerant liquid distribution.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings that are needed in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described below, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic perspective view of a liquid distribution assembly according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic perspective view of a heat exchange coil in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic perspective view of a liquid-homogenizing plate according to an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic diagram of the front surface structure of a liquid-homogenizing plate in an embodiment of the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic view of the back surface structure of a liquid-homogenizing plate in an embodiment of the present invention;
1. A cylinder; 2, a water side inlet, 3, a water side outlet, 4, an upper cover plate, 5, a refrigerant outlet, 6, a refrigerant inlet, 7, a lower cover plate, 8, a heat exchange coil, 9, a liquid distribution assembly, 91, an inner cylinder, 91, a liquid distribution plate, 92, an inner cylinder, 93, a baffle plate, 911, a first bump, 913, an outer ring flow distribution hole, 914, an annular flow channel, 915, an inner ring flow distribution hole, 916 and a second bump.
Detailed Description
In order to make the technical problems, technical schemes and beneficial effects to be solved more clear, the invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are for purposes of illustration only and are not intended to limit the scope of the invention.
The principles and structures of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the drawings and the examples.
As shown in fig. 1 to 4, the invention provides a liquid distribution device, which comprises a shell and a liquid distribution assembly 9, wherein the shell is a cylindrical barrel 1, the top and the bottom of the barrel 1 are closed, and a refrigerant outlet 5 is arranged at the top and can be connected with an air outlet pipe. The liquid distribution assembly 9 comprises an inner cylinder 92 arranged in the cylinder body 1, the inner cylinder 92 and the cylinder body 1 are coaxially arranged, a circle of annular interval area is formed between the inner cylinder 92 and the cylinder body 1, a refrigerant inlet 6 is arranged at one side of the cylinder body 1 corresponding to the height of the interval area, a liquid distribution space is formed in the interval area between the inner cylinder 92 and the cylinder body 1, refrigerants entering from the refrigerant inlet 6 spirally flow in the liquid distribution space to complete gas-liquid separation (collision separation or inertial separation), gaseous refrigerants in the mixture and refrigerant drops entrained by the gaseous refrigerants spirally flow upwards under the action of inertial force and buoyancy, and large-particle-size drops entrained in the gaseous refrigerants drop downwards after gravity sedimentation.
The shell has the concrete structure that a round upper cover plate 4 is arranged at the top of the cylinder body 1, the top of the cylinder body 1 is closed, and a refrigerant outlet 5 connected with an air outlet pipe is arranged on the upper cover plate 4. The bottom of the cylinder 1 is provided with a round lower cover plate 7 which seals the bottom of the cylinder 1. The structure of the shell can also be other forms, so long as a spirally flowing liquid distribution space can be formed.
The inner cylinder 92 is vertically penetrating and tapered (may be a circular truncated cone specifically), i.e. the radial section gradually increases from top to bottom, so that the volume of the annular liquid distribution space gradually decreases from top to bottom, the liquid refrigerant spirally flows downwards, the gaseous refrigerant spirally flows upwards, and the primary inertial separation of the refrigerant gas-liquid mixture and the secondary sedimentation separation of liquid drops are completed in the space.
The coolant inlet 6 is connected with the liquid inlet pipe, the axial direction of the liquid inlet pipe is the flowing direction of the coolant, the flowing direction is vertical and deviates from the central axis of the cylinder body 1, the coolant automatically rotates along the annular liquid distribution space after entering from the coolant inlet 6, and the larger the distance of the flowing direction of the coolant deviating from the central axis of the cylinder body 1 is, the better the centrifugal effect is.
The liquid distribution assembly 9 further comprises an annular baffle 93 arranged at the top of the inner cylinder 92 and a liquid homogenizing plate 91 which is annular at the bottom of the inner cylinder 92, wherein the liquid homogenizing plate 91 is parallel to the baffle 93, and the liquid homogenizing plate is specifically as follows:
the baffle 93 is perpendicular to the axis of the cylinder 1, and the baffle 93 is spaced from the inner wall of the cylinder 1, the gaseous refrigerant spirally flows upwards and then collides with the baffle 93 to turn to separate small liquid drops entrained in the gas phase, and the turned gaseous refrigerant continuously flows upwards from the spacing between the baffle 93 and the inner wall of the cylinder 1 and flows out from the refrigerant outlet 5 at the top.
The outer wall of the inner tube 92 and the inner wall of the barrel 1 are connected to the liquid homogenizing plate 91, a plurality of flow homogenizing holes are formed in the liquid homogenizing plate 91, liquid refrigerant flowing downwards needs to penetrate through flow homogenizing Kong Caineng to reach the bottom area of the barrel 1, liquid distribution is uniform, the heat exchange coil 8, namely a spiral tube, is installed in the bottom area of the barrel 1, and a water side inlet 2 and a water side outlet 3 of the heat exchange coil 8 penetrate out of the side face of the shell. The flow equalizing holes are arranged at intervals to form a ring, namely, a plurality of circles are arranged along the ring-shaped liquid equalizing plate 91, and each circle of flow equalizing holes are concentrically arranged with the inner edge or the outer edge of the liquid equalizing plate 91.
The number of turns of the flow equalizing holes corresponds to the number of turns of the spiral pipe, and one embodiment of the invention specifically provides a double-layer spiral pipe with two turns of the flow equalizing holes. The number of turns of the flow equalizing holes can be set to other numbers, and the number of turns is within the protection scope of the invention.
The hot water entering from the water side inlet 2 of the double-layer spiral pipe is gradually evaporated and absorbed by the liquid refrigerant on the outer surface of the pipe, the temperature is gradually reduced, and the generated required low-temperature water is discharged through the water side outlet 3.
In order to enable liquid refrigerant to flow to the flow equalizing holes rapidly, the liquid equalizing plate 91 is provided with a plurality of protruding blocks, the protruding blocks are located at intervals between two adjacent flow equalizing holes, namely, the areas between two adjacent protruding blocks on the liquid equalizing plate 91 are concave areas for communicating the flow equalizing holes, and the protruding blocks are not connected with each other, so that the plurality of concave areas are connected to form refrigerant channels for communicating all the flow equalizing holes, the liquid refrigerant can be timely supplemented to the areas near each flow equalizing hole, and uniform liquid distribution is ensured. The aperture of each circle of flow equalizing holes can be specifically calculated and determined according to the spiral radius of the spiral pipe, the vertical circle number and the evaporation capacity.
The above embodiments are now described in detail with reference to fig. 5 to 7. The two circles of flow equalizing holes are concentrically arranged, the outer circle flow equalizing holes 913 and the inner circle flow equalizing holes 915 are spaced, the annular flow channel 914 is arranged at the interval, a first bump 911 is arranged between two adjacent outer circle flow equalizing holes 913, a second bump 916 is arranged between two adjacent inner circle flow equalizing holes 915, the first bump and the second bump are radially arranged, a circle of annular flow channel 914 is formed at the interval between the first bump and the second bump, and the annular flow channel 914 is connected with the recessed areas between all bumps to form a flow channel for communicating all flow equalizing holes.
The invention also provides a heat exchanger which comprises the liquid distribution device, and the heat exchanger can be a spiral tube falling film type heat exchanger.
Through this liquid distributor, the gas-phase refrigerant that the entry high-speed got into and entrained refrigerant liquid drop spiral upward flow under inertial force and the effect of floating living force, because the diameter of toper inner tube upper portion is less, and whole liquid distribution space upwards is the diverging cross-section, and gas-phase refrigerant upwards velocity of flow reduces gradually, and its liquid drop carrying capacity reduces gradually, and the big particle diameter liquid drop that carries in the gas-phase refrigerant drops downwards after gravity subsides, accomplishes gas-liquid secondary separation.
The invention also provides an air conditioner which comprises the heat exchanger, and the air conditioner can be a water cooling unit.
The foregoing description of the preferred embodiments of the invention is not intended to be limiting, but rather is intended to cover all modifications, equivalents, and alternatives falling within the spirit and principles of the invention.