Open pit coal mine end slope coal pressing, mining and charging integrated recovery device and method
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of opencast coal mining, in particular to an open-cast coal mine end slope coal pressing mining and charging integrated recovery device and method.
Background
At present, a large amount of coal resources of a large open pit coal mine which is being developed in China are occupied by end slope slopes, and according to statistics, 13 open pit mines with the end slope coal retention amount of more than 1 hundred million t and 5 open pit mines with the coal retention amount of more than 2 million t are produced in China in the large open pit mine with the annual output of more than ten million tons. Therefore, the total amount of coal retained at the end slope of the open pit coal mine in China is quite remarkable.
Limited by the current domestic mining technology and the level of mining equipment, most of the open pit mine end slope retained coal can only be abandoned without mining, and high-quality coal varieties are not lacked, so that not only is the huge waste of coal resources caused, but also the great potential safety hazard of spontaneous combustion of the coal bed is left. Although some surface mines adopt a simple room and pillar type mining process to recover the end slope retained coal, the end slope retained coal is forced to be stopped due to the factors of poor mining safety, low resource recovery rate, high slope disturbance and the like. The prior art generally withdraws from a coal mining machine after coal mining is finished, immediately closes a mining cave mouth, fills cementing paste slurry into a coal room through a filling pipeline, and carries out mining of the next coal room after the filler is completely condensed, or adopts a filling and conveying device to convey the filler to the coal room, tamps the filler by a tamping device, and then carries out mining of the next coal room. By adopting the filling mode, the coal mining machine can work only by withdrawing, and the installation machine is arranged by withdrawing back and forth, so that the mining efficiency is greatly influenced, various devices are required to be additionally used, and the mining cost is improved.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention mainly aims to provide an open pit coal mine end slope coal pressing, mining and charging integrated recovery device and method, so as to solve the existing problems.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
an end slope coal pressing, mining and charging integrated recovery device for a strip coal mine comprises an end slope coal mining machine, wherein the end slope coal mining machine comprises a coal mining machine head and a coal mining machine conveying device;
the coal mining machine head comprises a rocker arm, the rocker arm is hinged to a rack of the end slope coal mining machine, a lifting hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the rack, the output end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the rocker arm, a telescopic oil cylinder is arranged on the rocker arm, and the output end of the telescopic oil cylinder is connected with a roller;
the coal mining machine conveying device is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the rack, a steering wheel is arranged at the bottom of the rack, the coal mining machine conveying device and the steering wheel are respectively connected with a first motor and a second motor, the first motor and the second motor are both positive and negative rotating motors, and the coal mining machine conveying device and the steering wheel are opposite in moving direction.
Furthermore, a movable filling material distribution station is arranged on the end wall mining flat disc outside the coal room, and the movable filling material distribution station is connected with the coal mining machine conveying device.
Further, a coal pile placing table is further arranged on the end slope mining flat disc and connected with the coal mining machine conveying device.
A method for recovering open pit coal mine end slope coal pressing mining and filling integrally comprises the following steps:
(1) dividing the retained coal at the end slope of the open pit coal mine into a plurality of coal rooms with the width equal to that of a roller of a coal mining machine from the direction of an inner soil discharge field to the direction of a working slope in sequence, and reserving narrow coal pillars between the coal rooms, wherein the width of each narrow coal pillar is 0.3-0.5 m;
(2) installing a movable filling material distribution station on an open-pit end slope mining flat disc on the outer side behind a mining coal room;
(3) installing an end slope coal mining machine on an end slope mining flat plate, mining coal rooms at intervals by using the end slope coal mining machine, conveying the mined coal to a coal pile placing table on the end slope mining flat plate through a coal mining machine conveying device, and then transferring the coal to a ground coal washing plant by a truck, after mining of each coal room is finished, adjusting the coal mining machine conveying device to rotate reversely, conveying filling materials to the coal mining machine conveying device by a movable filling material distribution station, conveying the filling materials to the interior of the coal rooms by the coal mining machine conveying device, wherein the filling materials are rock and soil wastes crushed after strip of surface mines;
(4) the end slope coal mining machine withdraws outwards while the coal mining machine conveying device conveys the filler, the filler falls into a coal room due to inertia, then the coal mining machine head tamps the filler, and the three actions of conveying, withdrawing and tamping are continuously repeated until the whole mining cave filling work is finished;
(5) and when the filling material has the capability of supporting the overlying strata, mining and filling the unexplored coal room in sequence by using an end slope coal mining machine.
Furthermore, when mining the ultra-thick coal seam of more than 8m, adopt the mode of filling layer by layer from bottom to top to fill and mine by layer, specifically do: dividing the ultra-thick coal seam into N layers, wherein N is any integer larger than 1, the lowest layer is a first layer, the uppermost layer is an Nth layer, the first layer is mined firstly, the first layer is filled after mining is finished, after the mining and filling work of the first layer is finished, the end slope mining flat plate is heightened to the height of a second layer, then the coal mining and filling work of the second layer is finished, and the like, the end slope mining flat plate is heightened to the height of the Nth layer, then the coal mining and filling work of the Nth layer is finished until the mining of the end slope ultra-thick coal seam is finished.
Compared with the prior art, the open pit coal mine end slope pressing coal mining and charging integrated recovery device and method provided by the invention have the following beneficial effects:
1. the mining and charging integration is realized by combining the positive and negative rotating motors and the conveying device, the mining rate of the end slope coal resource is greatly improved, and the mining cost is reduced by using the roller of the end slope coal mining machine to carry out tamping work; by adopting the mining and filling integrated structure, the disturbance to the open-air side slope is greatly weakened, and the stability of the open-air side slope is ensured; wastes generated by stripping of the opencast coal mine are fully utilized, so that the discharge amount is reduced; the coal seam with higher thickness can be mined by filling layer by layer from bottom to top.
2. The device and the method not only realize the maximization of the benefits of enterprises, but also provide important energy support for the development of national economy, and provide a new technical approach for the exploitation of the coal retained at the end slope of China.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a top plan view of an end panel mining arrangement for an end panel shearer of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a simplified structural schematic diagram of the end wall shearer nose and ranging arm extension of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a simplified structural schematic diagram of the end wall shearer head and rocker arm retraction of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of the forward and reverse switching lines of the motor of the present invention.
The coal mining machine comprises 1-narrow coal pillar, 2-filling material, 3-movable filling material distribution station, 4-coal pile placing table, 5-coal mining machine conveying device, 6-coal mining machine head, 7-rocker arm and 8-telescopic oil cylinder.
Detailed description of the preferred embodiments
The technical solution of the present invention is further illustrated by the accompanying drawings and examples.
Example 1
As shown in the figure, the invention provides an end slope coal pressing, mining and charging integrated recovery device for an opencast coal mine, which comprises an end slope coal mining machine, wherein the end slope coal mining machine comprises a coal mining machine head 6 and a coal mining machine conveying device 5, the coal mining machine head 6 is used for mining coal and tamping filling materials, and the coal mining machine conveying device 5 is used for conveying the coal and the filling materials.
The coal mining machine head 6 comprises a rocker arm, the rocker arm 7 is hinged to a rack of the end slope coal mining machine, a lifting hydraulic cylinder is arranged on the rack, the output end of the lifting hydraulic cylinder is connected with the rocker arm 7, a telescopic oil cylinder 8 is arranged on the rocker arm 7, and the output end of the telescopic oil cylinder 8 is connected with a roller; when the tamping operation is needed, the telescopic oil cylinder 8 drives the roller to stretch out and draw back, the filling materials are tamped, the lifting hydraulic cylinder can control the rocker arm to move up and down, and therefore the roller can be controlled to move up and down, and the filling materials with different heights in the coal room can be tamped by the roller.
The coal mining machine conveying device 5 is fixedly connected to the upper portion of the rack, a steering wheel is arranged at the bottom of the rack, the coal mining machine conveying device 5 and the steering wheel are respectively connected with a first motor and a second motor, the first motor and the second motor are both positive and negative rotating motors, and the coal mining machine conveying device 5 and the steering wheel are opposite in moving direction. When the end slope coal mining machine advances to the coal room inside direction and mines, first motor control coal mining machine conveyor 5 corotation is transported coal to the coal room outside, when the mining finishes and needs to fill, first motor control coal mining machine conveyor 5 reversal transports filling material to the coal room inside, second motor control directive wheel this moment moves to the coal room outside direction, filling material falls into the coal room inside from coal mining machine conveyor 5 because of inertia, coal mining machine aircraft nose 6 carries out the tamping work to filling material afterwards.
Set up movable filling material distribution station 3 on the end slope exploitation flat pan in the coal bunker outside, movable filling material distribution station 3 pass through the belt with coal-winning machine conveyor 5 connects, and movable filling material distribution station 3 sets up 15m departments in coal bunker outside rear preferably, is convenient for carry the filling material to coal-winning machine conveyor 5, the filling material is kibbling ground body discarded object after strip for the strip mine.
Further, a coal pile placing table 4 is further arranged on the end slope mining flat plate, the coal pile placing table 4 is connected with the coal mining machine conveying device 5, and the coal mining machine conveying device 5 can directly convey mined coal to the coal pile placing table 4 for storage.
In this embodiment, a forward start switch and a reverse start switch are further provided for controlling forward rotation and reverse rotation of the first motor, the first motor includes two contactors KM1 and KM2, the contactors KM1 and KM2 are switched with a phase sequence of a three-phase power supply of the first motor, forward rotation and reverse rotation of the first motor are achieved, when KM1 is closed and KM2 is opened, the first motor is forward rotation, when KM2 is closed and KM1 is opened, the first motor is reverse rotation, and the second motor and the first motor have the same structure.
A method for recovering open pit coal mine end slope coal pressing mining and filling integrally comprises the following steps:
(1) dividing the retained coal at the end slope of the open pit coal mine into a plurality of coal rooms with the width equal to that of a roller of a coal mining machine from the direction of an inner soil discharge field to the direction of a working slope, and reserving narrow coal pillars 1 between the coal rooms, wherein the width of each narrow coal pillar 1 is 0.3-0.5 m, and the reserved narrow coal pillars 1 are 0.3-0.5 m, so as to prevent filled materials of adjacent mining tunnels from sliding in;
(2) a movable filling material distribution station 3 is arranged on an open-pit end slope mining flat disc on the outer side behind a mining coal room;
(3) installing a coal mining machine on an end slope mining flat plate, mining coal rooms at intervals by using the end slope coal mining machine, conveying the mined coal to a coal pile placing table 4 on the end slope mining flat plate through a coal mining machine conveying device 5, then transferring the coal piles to a ground coal washing plant by a truck, adjusting the coal mining machine conveying device 5 to rotate reversely after mining of each coal room is finished, conveying filling materials to the coal mining machine conveying device 5 by a movable filling material distribution station 3, and conveying the filling materials to a coal mining machine head 6 by the coal mining machine conveying device 5;
(4) the end slope coal mining machine is withdrawn outwards while the coal mining machine conveying device 5 conveys the filler, the filler falls into a coal room due to inertia, then the coal mining machine head 6 tamps the filler, and the three actions of conveying, withdrawing and tamping are repeated continuously until the whole mining cave filling work is finished;
(5) and when the filling material has the capability of supporting the overlying strata, mining and filling the unexplored coal room in sequence by using an end slope coal mining machine.
The dip angle of the coal seam to be mined is preferably 0-15 degrees, the coal mining machine is convenient to stably install, and when the ultra-thick coal seam with the thickness of more than 8m is mined, the coal seam is mined by filling layer by layer in a layer-by-layer filling mode from bottom to top, and the method specifically comprises the following steps: dividing the ultra-thick coal seam into N layers, wherein N is any integer larger than 1, the lowest layer is a first layer, the uppermost layer is an Nth layer, the first layer is mined firstly, the first layer is filled after mining is finished, after the mining and filling work of the first layer is finished, the end slope mining flat plate is heightened to the height of a second layer, then the coal mining and filling work of the second layer is finished, and the like, the end slope mining flat plate is heightened to the height of the Nth layer, then the coal mining and filling work of the Nth layer is finished until the mining of the end slope ultra-thick coal seam is finished. The optimal height of the coal seam division is 4m, the minimum is 1.3m, and the maximum is 5.5 m.
The method of the invention fully utilizes the stripping waste to fill the underground chamber, reduces the stripping ratio, reduces the discharge amount, improves the extraction rate and increases the economic benefit.
The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and is not intended to limit the technical scope of the present invention, so that any minor modifications, equivalent changes and modifications made to the above embodiment according to the technical spirit of the present invention are within the technical scope of the present invention.