Variable-order yield metal damper
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of building energy dissipation and shock absorption, in particular to a variable-order yield metal damper.
Background
The frame or the shear wall structure can dissipate seismic energy by installing the shear type metal damper at a proper position, and the effect of structural response is reduced. The damper generally yields and consumes energy before the main body structure, and plays a role in protecting the main body structure. However, the traditional shearing type metal damper only has one yield point, the damping force rises slowly after the damper yields, the floor shearing force grows faster along with the increase of the earthquake force, the proportion of the damping force to the floor shearing force is gradually reduced, and the protection effect of the damper on the main body structure is correspondingly weakened.
Disclosure of Invention
The present invention aims to solve at least one of the technical problems existing in the prior art. Therefore, the invention aims to provide a variable-order yielding metal damper, which has different yielding forces under different structural deformation conditions, so that the damper adapts to floor shearing forces under different earthquake working conditions, and the damper is ensured to play a stable protection role on a main structure.
According to the embodiment of the invention, the variable-order yielding metal damper comprises at least two metal yielding units which are connected in series through an elastic separation piece, at least one end of each of the at least two metal yielding units which are connected in series is connected with a joint piece, an elastic limiting device which is positioned on one side or two sides of the elastic separation piece is arranged on the joint piece, and the elastic limiting device is used for limiting the plastic deformation of the metal yielding unit at the position of the joint piece on one side or two sides.
According to the variable-order yielding metal damper provided by the embodiment of the invention, at least two metal yielding units are separated and connected in series by the elastic separating piece to form multi-order yielding, the elastic separating piece keeps elasticity all the time in the working process of the damper, and the elastic limiting devices are arranged on one side or two sides of the position of the elastic separating piece, so that the plastic deformation of the metal yielding unit at the position can be limited, and the metal yielding unit of the next order is caused to enter yielding energy. Therefore, the damper has different yield forces under different structural deformation conditions, so that the damper is suitable for floor shearing forces under different earthquake working conditions, and the damper is ensured to play a stable protection role on a main structure.
In some embodiments of the invention, the yield forces of the individual metallic yield cells are not exactly equal.
In some embodiments of the invention, the elastic separator is i-shaped, plate-shaped, or tube-shaped.
In some embodiments of the invention, each of the metallic yielding units comprises two side flanges and a yielding core plate connected between the two side flanges, the yielding core plate not being connected to the elastic separator or damper base plate at both ends of the flange.
In some embodiments of the invention, each of said metallic yielding units is integrally provided with a side flange plate, said elastic separator being connected between adjacent yielding core plates and connected at both ends to said flange plates on both sides.
In some embodiments of the invention, one side surface of the yield core plate is fixed with vertical stiffening ribs, the other side surface is fixed with horizontal stiffening ribs, and the vertical stiffening ribs are formed with grooves at corresponding positions of the horizontal stiffening ribs.
In some embodiments of the invention, the vertical stiffeners on each of the yield core plates are vertically aligned, and the elastomeric dividers are provided with reinforcing plates vertically aligned with the vertical stiffeners.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the elastic limiting device includes an elastic pull plate, two ends of the elastic pull plate are respectively connected to a first ear plate and a second ear plate through a screw, the first ear plate is fixed on one side or two sides of the elastic partition, the second ear plate is correspondingly fixed on one side or two sides of the connector, and screw holes for penetrating the screw on the first ear plate and/or the second ear plate are oblong holes formed along the length direction of the elastic pull plate.
In some embodiments of the present invention, the elastic limiting device is a loose pulling plate or an H-shaped steel, two ends of the loose pulling plate are respectively connected to one side or two sides of the joint member and the elastic partition member, one end of the H-shaped steel is fixed to the joint member, and a gap for plastic deformation of the metal yielding unit at the position is reserved between the other end of the H-shaped steel and the one side or two sides of the elastic partition member.
In some embodiments of the invention, the connector is T-shaped and is provided with flange stiffeners corresponding to the flange plate locations and tie plate stiffeners corresponding to the elastic stop locations.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings required for the description of the embodiments will be briefly described below, and it is apparent that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
FIG. 1 is a schematic illustration of a first embodiment of a variable order yield metal damper of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a sectional view of fig. 1-1.
Fig. 3 is a sectional view of fig. 1, 2-2.
Fig. 4 is a sectional view of fig. 1 taken along line 3-3.
FIG. 5 is an isolated schematic view of the vertical stiffener of FIG. 2.
Fig. 6 is an isolated schematic view of the elastic separator of fig. 1.
Fig. 7 is an isolated schematic view of the elastic limiting device of fig. 1.
Fig. 8 is an isolated schematic view of the fitting of fig. 1.
Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of a second embodiment of a variable order yield metal damper of the present invention.
FIG. 10 is a schematic illustration of a third embodiment of a variable order yield metal damper of the present invention.
FIG. 11 is a schematic illustration of a fourth embodiment of a variable order yield metal damper of the present invention.
FIG. 12 is a schematic view of a fifth embodiment of a variable order yield metal damper of the present invention.
FIG. 13 is a schematic illustration of a sixth embodiment of a variable order yield metal damper of the present invention.
Figure 14 is a schematic view of a seventh embodiment of a variable order yield metal damper of the present invention.
Figure 15 is a schematic view of an eighth embodiment of a variable order yield metal damper of the present invention.
The reference numerals correspond as follows:
1-first-order yielding core plate, 2-second-order yielding core plate, 3-bottom plate, 4-flange plate, 5-first vertical stiffening rib, 6-second vertical stiffening rib, 7-horizontal stiffening rib, 8-elastic partition, 81-wing plate, 82-web plate, 83-reinforcing plate, 9-elastic limiting device, 91-upper lug plate, 92-lower lug plate, 93-elastic pull plate, 94-long screw rod, 10-connector, 101-top plate, 102-flange stiffening rib, 103-pull plate stiffening rib, 11-loose pull plate and 12-H-shaped steel.
Detailed Description
The following description of the embodiments of the present invention will be made clearly and completely with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which it is apparent that the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by those skilled in the art based on the embodiments of the invention without making any inventive effort, are intended to be within the scope of the invention.
Referring to fig. 1 to 8, an embodiment of the present invention provides a variable-order yield metal damper, which mainly includes left and right flange plates 4, and a first-order yield core plate 1 and a second-order yield core plate 2 connected between the left and right flange plates 4. The first-order yielding core plate 1 is arranged below the second-order yielding core plate 2, the first-order yielding core plate 1 is higher than the second-order yielding core plate 2, the thickness of the first-order yielding core plate 1 is slightly smaller than the thickness of the second-order yielding core plate 2, the size and the thickness can be properly changed according to actual requirements, the method is not limited to the situation shown in the embodiment, besides the fact that the heights and the thicknesses are different, the yield strengths can be designed to be different, and the purpose of indicating that the yield strengths of one section of yielding core plate and the second-order yielding core plate are not small can be different is achieved. The flange plates 4 on the left and right sides of the first-order yielding core plate 1 and the second-order yielding core plate 2 are preferably designed in an uninterrupted integrated manner, so that the continuity of force transmission can be ensured, but in some cases, the flange plates can be separated, but the rigidity of the lower first-order yielding core plate 1 is required to meet certain requirements, as shown in fig. 10, two yielding core plates with different widths are adopted, wherein the width of the first-order yielding core plate 1 is smaller than that of the second-order yielding core plate 2, the flange plates on the two sides cannot be arranged into an integrated structure at the moment, the flange plates 4 on the two sides of the second-order yielding core plate 2 extend downwards to the two sides of the elastic separation piece 8 and are respectively connected to one end of the elastic limiting device 9, and the other end of the elastic limiting device 9 is connected to the joint piece 10.
Returning to the embodiment shown in fig. 1 to 8, the top of the first-order yielding core plate 1 and the bottom of the second-order yielding core plate 2 are separated by adopting the elastic separating piece 8, the bottom of the first-order yielding core plate 1 is connected with the connector piece 10 connected with an external component, the elastic limiting device 9 is arranged between the connector piece 10 and the flange plate 4 at the position where the elastic separating piece 8 is located, and the elastic limiting device 9 is used for limiting the plastic deformation of the first-order yielding core plate 1 on one side or two sides, so that one elastic limiting device 9 can be respectively arranged on two sides of the first-order yielding core plate 1, and one elastic limiting device 9 can be arranged on one side only, as shown in fig. 9, according to the actual stress and limiting requirements, the limiting effect of the scheme of limiting on two sides is better.
According to the variable-order yielding metal damper provided by the embodiment of the invention, the first-order yielding core plate and the second-order yielding core plate are separated by the elastic separation piece, the elastic limiting devices are arranged on the outer sides of the flange plates on the two sides of the elastic separation piece, when the first-order yielding core plate is subjected to yielding and enters plasticity, the elastic limiting devices are used for laterally limiting the plastic deformation of the first-order yielding core plate, so that the second-order yielding core plate gradually enters yielding energy consumption and enters plasticity, the plastic degree of the first-order yielding core plate is basically not increased, and the variable-order yielding is realized. On the basis of the embodiment of the invention, the design thought of accumulating the third-order and fourth-order or even more-order yielding core plates upwards on the basis of the first-order and second-order yielding core plates is easily thought, an elastic separation piece is arranged between two adjacent yielding core plates for separation, and then an elastic limiting device is arranged at the separation part for carrying out side limiting of plastic deformation of the yielding core plates, so that the multi-order change of the metal damper can be realized, and the multi-order change mode is protected by the invention.
Further, the bottom of the first-order yielding core plate 1 and the top of the second-order yielding core plate 2 are respectively and vertically welded to the damper bottom plate 3, two ends of the bottom plate 3 are respectively and fixedly connected to flange plates 4 on the left side and the right side, the length of the bottom plate 3 is equal to the widths of the first-order yielding core plate 1 and the second-order yielding core plate 2, the width of the bottom plate 3 is obviously larger than the thicknesses of the first-order yielding core plate 1 and the second-order yielding core plate 2, and the first-order yielding core plate 1 and the second-order yielding core plate 2 are positioned on the central line of the width of the bottom plate 3. Wherein the lower surface of the bottom plate 3 at the bottom of the first-stage yielding core plate 1 is welded and fixed at an intermediate position of the top upper surface of the joint member 10.
The first vertical stiffening rib 5 and the second vertical stiffening rib 6 which are vertically aligned are respectively welded and fixed at the vertical central line positions of one side surface of the first-order yield core plate 1 and one side surface of the second-order yield core plate 2. And three horizontal stiffening ribs 7 are welded and fixed on the other side surface of the second-order yield core plate 2, because the second-order yield core plate 2 is large in height, the strength of the second-order yield core plate 2 can be enhanced by the arrangement of the horizontal stiffening ribs 7, and the first vertical stiffening ribs 5 and the second vertical stiffening ribs 6 also serve to enhance the core plate strength. Preferably, the second vertical stiffener 6 is formed with an arc-shaped groove at the corresponding position of the horizontal stiffener 7 in order to avoid damage to the core plate by the cross weld.
The elastic separator 8 is in an I shape, and is used for separating the first-order yield core plate 1 from the second-order yield core plate 2, two wing plates 81 at the bottom and the top of the I-shaped elastic separator 8 are respectively and vertically connected to the top of the first-order yield core plate 1 and the bottom of the second-order yield core plate 2, and two ends of the elastic separator 8 are respectively welded and fixed on the flange plates 4 at two sides. The web 82 of the I-shaped elastic separator 8 is vertically aligned with the first-order yield core plate 1 and the second-order yield core plate 2, a reinforcing plate 83 is vertically connected between the two I-shaped wing plates 81 and the middle web 82, the reinforcing plate 83 is positioned at the center line of the elastic separator 8 and vertically aligned with the first vertical reinforcing rib 5 and the second vertical reinforcing rib 6 on the first-order yield core plate 1 and the second-order yield core plate 2, and the effect of direct force transmission is achieved. The elastic separating piece can also adopt thick steel plates or steel pipes or I-shaped steel with other structures, and the elastic separating piece always keeps elasticity in the working process of the damper.
Further, the connector 10 for connection with an external member is T-shaped, and the T-shaped connector 10 can better transmit the tensile force on the damper flange plate to the external member connected thereto, such as a frame or a shear wall structure. The damper flange plate and the elastic limiting device are respectively fixed on the horizontal top plate of the T-shaped connector 10, two flange stiffening ribs 102 and two pull plate stiffening ribs 103 are fixedly welded between the two sides of the vertical middle plate of the T-shaped connector 10 and the top plate, wherein the two flange stiffening ribs 102 correspond to the positions of the left flange plate and the right flange plate of the damper respectively, and the tension on the flange plate can be effectively transmitted to external members connected with the flange stiffening ribs through the flange stiffening ribs 102. Similarly, the positions of the pull plate stiffening ribs 103 correspond to the elastic limiting devices, and the tensile force of the elastic limiting devices can be effectively transmitted to the external caustic load connected with the elastic limiting devices.
The elastic limiting device 9 in this embodiment includes an upper ear plate 91, a lower ear plate 92, an elastic pull plate 93 and a long screw 94, where the upper ear plate 91 is welded with the damper flange plate 4, bolt holes are formed in the upper ear plate 91, and the number of the upper ear plates 91 is multiple (three in this embodiment). The lower ear plate 92 is connected with the connector 10, the lower ear plate 92 is provided with a long bolt hole, the number of the lower ear plates 92 is three (in the embodiment), the number of the elastic pulling plates 93 is one, when the elastic limiting device plays a limiting role, the elastic pulling plates 93 keep elasticity and do not yield, two ends of the elastic pulling plates 93 are movably connected in the bolt holes and the long bolt holes of the middle upper ear plate 91 and the middle lower ear plate 92 through long bolts 94, and the long bolts 94 simultaneously pass through the bolt holes of the three upper ear plates 91 and the long bolt holes of the three lower ear plates 92, and the upper ear plates 91 and the lower ear plates 92 are connected in series with the elastic pulling plates 93 through the long bolts 94. After the first-order yielding core plate 1 yields, the first-order yielding core plate enters plasticity, the long screw 94 slides in the long bolt hole of the lower lug plate 92, the long screw is clamped in the long bolt hole after reaching the limit, the elastic pull plate 93 in the elastic limiting device is tensioned and starts to work (when working reversely, the elastic limiting device is clamped after reaching the limit, the elastic limiting device is pressed), after the elastic pull plate 93 is tensioned, the second-order yielding core plate 2 gradually enters yielding energy consumption and enters plasticity, and the plasticity degree of the first-order yielding core plate 1 is basically not increased. The elastic limiting device can be arranged on the damper on one side or on both sides, and one side is pulled by hand and the other side is pressed when the elastic limiting device is arranged on both sides. The long bolt hole on the lower lug plate can be replaced to the upper lug plate, the long screw rod slides in the long bolt hole of the upper lug plate, and the working principle is identical.
Referring to fig. 11 to 13, in order to form a variable-order yielding metal damper according to another embodiment of the present invention, other features are unchanged, only the elastic limiting device is replaced by a limiting form of a loose pull plate 11, two ends of the loose pull plate 11 are respectively connected to an outer side of a damper flange plate where an elastic partition is located and an upper surface of a joint member, the loose pull plate 11 can also be arranged on one side or two sides, fig. 11 shows single-side limiting, fig. 12 and 13 show two sides limiting, wherein the widths of two yielding core plates in fig. 12 are identical, the flanges on two sides are arranged as a whole, and force transmission is more continuous, and the widths of the two yielding core plates in fig. 13 are one large and one small, the flanges on two sides cannot be arranged on the whole, and are separated at the elastic partition. The loose pulling plate 11 is in a loose state in an initial state, after the first-order yielding core plate of the damper yields, the first-order yielding core plate enters plasticity, horizontal shearing deformation occurs, and then one side pulling plate is also elongated, when the pulling plate is elongated to a certain displacement, the pulling plate is tensioned, at the moment, the second-order yielding core plate gradually yields and consumes energy, and the plasticity degree of the first-order yielding core plate is not increased basically.
Referring again to FIGS. 14 and 15, a variable order yield metal damper according to yet another embodiment of the present invention is shown. Similarly, other characteristics are unchanged, only the elastic limiting device is replaced by a limiting mode of the H-shaped steel 12, the lower end of the H-shaped steel 12 is fixed on the upper surface of the joint piece and is close to the position of the first-order yield core plate, a gap for plastic deformation of the first-order yield core plate is reserved between the upper end of the H-shaped steel 12 and the damper flange plate 4, a top block is arranged at the position corresponding to the elastic partition piece, after the first-order yield core plate yields, the first-order yield core plate enters into plasticity and is subjected to horizontal shearing deformation, the top block is close to the H-shaped steel on one side, and when the flange plate and the top block are fully propped up, the second-order yield core plate gradually yields and consumes energy, and the plastic degree of the first-order yield core plate is not increased basically. Similarly, the H-shaped steel 12 in the above embodiment may be applied as an elastic stopper to a multi-step yield core plate having a uniform width and integrally provided with both side flanges as shown in fig. 14, or to a multi-step yield core plate having a different width and provided with both side flanges in blocks as shown in fig. 15.
None of the inventions are related to the same or are capable of being practiced in the prior art. Although embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be understood by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions and alterations can be made therein without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, the scope of which is defined in the appended claims and their equivalents.