CN114000502B - Self-expansion anchor rod device with displacement monitoring function - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a self-expansion anchor rod device with displacement monitoring, which solves the problems that the existing anchor rod has insufficient stress points, the stress points of an anchoring section are easy to damage, the anchor rod effect is poor and the deformation of a rock body cannot be monitored at different levels. The utility model discloses a displacement sensor, including the sleeve pipe, displacement sensor's sleeve pipe lower extreme is connected with displacement sensor's one end, and the displacement sensor other end on the sleeve pipe of lowermost end is connected at the anchor and is served, and the other end of all the other displacement sensor is connected on the round platform body terminal surface rather than adjacent, it has first through-hole to open on the sleeve pipe of displacement sensor one side, it has the second through-hole to open on the sleeve pipe axial outer portion, still include wireless signal transmitting device, displacement sensor's wire is connected to wireless signal transmitting device through the sheathed tube first through-hole of its axial outer end, sleeve pipe inner chamber, second through-hole in proper order on, still including the wireless signal receiving device who is used for receiving wireless signal transmitting device signal, wireless signal receiving device is connected with the monitoring host computer.

Description

A self-expanding bolt device with displacement monitoring

technical field

The invention relates to anchor rods, in particular to a self-expanding anchor rod device with displacement monitoring.

Background technique

Anchor rods are widely used in slope treatment engineering, and their main function is to control surface engineering such as slopes and deep foundation pits, as well as underground chambers such as tunnels and stopes.

In some surrounding rocks with relatively low grades, such as in soft rock areas, large deformations often occur in surrounding rocks, and under the action of earthquakes, large deformations often occur in some surrounding rocks. Large deformation factors also include loads, etc., and the number of bolts used as surrounding rock support structures is the largest and most widely used in work.

Most of the rigid anchor rods in the prior art only directly anchor one end of the anchor rod to the bottom of the anchor hole, and then press the tray on the outer side of the slope through the nuts screwed on the anchor rod. The two stress points of this anchor rod structure are the anchor end and between the outer side of the slope and the nut tray. The external stress points are exposed to the outside world. And the pallet is rusted after long-term use, and its mechanical properties are damaged. In addition, the outer side of the slope is prone to cracking due to long-term stress, resulting in the failure of the anchor rod to achieve the required control of the slope deformation, or even failure. In addition, due to the deep anchor hole, the deformation between the anchor end and the outer side of the slope may occur at different depths. No matter the deformation of the traditional anchor rod is at any depth, it needs external nuts and pallets to bear force. Traditional The bonding force between the anchor rod and the surrounding rock is sometimes insufficient, and the bonding force cannot be better protected, and long-term use is also likely to cause anchoring failure.

In addition, when the existing anchor rod is anchored, the anchor head at the bottom is generally anchored at the bottom of the anchor hole. In this anchoring method, when the anchoring agent between the anchor head and the anchor hole fails, the entire anchor rod will fail. It is not conducive to the normal work of the anchor rod.

Moreover, when the existing anchor bolts monitor the deformation of the rock mass, they can only monitor the overall deformation of the rock mass, and it cannot monitor which layer of the rock mass is deformed, which is not conducive to later research and landslide early warning. emergency treatment.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a self-expanding bolt device with displacement monitoring, which effectively solves the problem that the stress point of the anchor in the prior art is easy to be damaged outside and eventually causes the anchor The effect is not good or even failure, the anchoring agent of the anchor head is easy to fail, and the rock mass deformation cannot be monitored at different levels.

The technical solution is a self-expanding bolt device with displacement monitoring, including an anchoring end, which is characterized in that the anchoring end is axially arranged with a plurality of circular frustums that are large on the outside and small on the inside. The axially inner end of the truncated cone is coaxially connected with a tension body, and the axially outer end of the circular truncated body is provided with a through hole that penetrates the tension body axially inward, and the tension body at the axially innermost end is fixed on the On the anchoring end, the axially outer tension body is fixed on the anchoring end through the axially inner adjacent conical body and the passing hole in the tension body, and the axial inner part of the conical body is covered with an axial The inner end is slidingly sleeved on the tension body. The axially outer end of the sleeve is provided with a plurality of slots extending axially inward. There are multiple slots connected between the axially innermost end sleeve and the anchoring end. The first elastic body, a plurality of second elastic bodies are connected between the rest of the sleeve and the axially inner frustum of the cone;

The anchoring end is composed of an anchoring rod, an anchoring tube movably sleeved on the anchoring rod, and a conical body with a large inside and a small outside that is coaxially fixed at the axial inner end of the anchoring rod. , the tension body is fixed on the outer end of the anchor rod, and the inner end of the anchor tube has a gap extending toward the axially outer end of the anchor tube;

One end of the displacement sensor is connected to the lower end of the casing, the other end of the displacement sensor on the lowermost casing is connected to the anchoring end, and the other ends of the remaining displacement sensors are connected to the end surface of the adjacent conical frustum, the displacement sensor A first through hole is opened on one side of the casing, and a second through hole is opened on the outside of the casing axially, and a wireless signal transmitting device is also included, and the wires of the displacement sensor pass through the casing at the axially outer end in turn. The first through hole, the sleeve inner cavity and the second through hole are connected to the wireless signal transmitting device, and also include a wireless signal receiving device for receiving signals from the wireless signal transmitting device, and the wireless signal receiving device is connected with a monitoring host.

Preferably, a screw rod is fixed at the center of the anchoring end, and the screw rod passes through the through hole in the axially outermost conical body toward the axially outer side, and the portion of the screw rod passing through the axially outermost conical body is sleeved with A tray, wherein a nut is screwed on the screw on the axially outer side of the tray.

Preferably, the anchoring end is anchored at the innermost end of the anchor hole in the axial direction, the axially inner sleeve side wall of the slot is anchored in the anchor hole, and the inner wall of the anchor hole at the slot is attached to the sleeve.

Preferably, both the first elastic body and the second elastic body are springs.

Preferably, the frustum of a cone and the tension body are integrally structured.

Preferably, the tension bodies other than the tension body at the innermost end in the axial direction include an insertion part inserted through the hole, and a transition part integrally connected to the axial outer end of the insertion part, and the diameter of the axial outer end surface of the transition part is equal to that of the shaft. The diameter of the axially outer end of the tensile body toward the innermost end, and the transition portion is connected to the axially outer end of the frustum of a cone.

Preferably, the transition portion is in the shape of a truncated cone with a small inside and a big outside in the axial direction.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: 1. When the slope is deformed, the present invention can be controlled in sections, only the casing at the axially outer end of the deformed part and the tension body matched with it are stressed, and the axially inner side of the deformed part The tensile body is not stressed, which can not only increase the life of the anchoring device, but also facilitate the detection of slopes at different levels, and monitor the deformation of the slope at which level.

2. When the slope is deformed, the force point is the tension body and the anchor end, and the force is carried out in the anchor hole, and the anchor hole will not be eroded by the long-term external environment, which increases the strength of the anchor device. Life and improved anchoring effect.

3. When the slope is deformed, the inner wall of the anchor hole moves axially outward with the casing at the corresponding position, and the axial outer end of the casing is composed of multiple arc-shaped parts (because the axial outer end of the casing has multiple openings Groove), which has a certain degree of elasticity, the upper part of the casing moves axially outward on the frustum of the cone, and the frustum of the cone forces the casing to continuously expand axially and outwardly. Since the inner diameter of the casing becomes larger after the casing is opened, it and the anchor hole The friction force is increasing continuously, firmly against the side wall of the anchor hole, the fixed part of the casing on the side wall of the anchor hole, the tension body and the fixed point of the tension body at the anchor end constitute the anchorage to the slope . This kind of force on the outer end of the axial direction utilizes the friction force between the casing and the anchor hole, which is in contact with the circumferential surface, and the friction force increases continuously as the casing moves outward in the axial direction. Wide adaptability.

4. The anchoring end in this invention is divided into two levels of anchoring, and the distance between the two levels of anchoring can be set to allow a certain deformation of the rock and soil body, and the second level of anchoring uses negative Poisson’s ratio to increase the anchoring effect, making the anchoring more reliable .

5. The invention can monitor the deformation of rock mass at different levels, which level of deformation can be monitored, and at the same time, whether it is a single-layer fracture or a multi-layer fracture can be monitored, which is of great significance to the research and early warning of rock mass.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the front view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a sectional view along A-A in Fig. 1 (the friction bump is removed).

Fig. 3 is an enlarged view of part B in Fig. 2 .

Fig. 4 is a perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a perspective view of the present invention from two perspectives.

Fig. 6 is a perspective view of the sleeve of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a perspective view of the first-stage tension body of the present invention.

Fig. 8 is a perspective view of the second tension body of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is a structural diagram of the present invention installed in an anchor hole.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of part C in Fig. 9 .

Fig. 11 is an enlarged view of part D in Fig. 9 .

Fig. 12 is a principle diagram of the displacement sensor transmitting signals to the monitoring host in the present invention.

detailed description

The specific implementation manner of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with accompanying drawings 1-12.

Embodiment 1, the technical solution is a self-expanding anchor device with displacement monitoring, including an anchoring end 1, characterized in that, the anchoring end 1 is arranged axially outwardly with a plurality of axially outwardly spaced Inner small frustum 2, the axial inner end of the frustum 2 is coaxially connected with a tension body 3, and the axial outer end of the frustum 2 is provided with a through hole that penetrates the tension body 3 axially inward 4. The tension body 3 at the innermost end in the axial direction is fixed on the anchoring end 1, and the tension body 3 at the axial outer side passes through the conical frustum body 2 and the through hole 4 in the tension body 3 adjacent to the axial inner side. On the anchoring end 1, the axially inner part of the circular frustum body 2 is covered with a sleeve 5 whose axial inner end is slidingly sleeved on the tension body 3, and the axially outer end of the sleeve 5 is provided with a plurality of Slots 6 extending inward, a plurality of first elastic bodies 7 are connected between the axially innermost casing 5 and the anchoring end 1, and multiple first elastic bodies 7 are connected between the remaining casings 5 and the axially inner frustum 2. a second elastic body 8;

The anchoring end 1 is composed of an anchoring rod 101, an anchoring cylinder 102 movably sleeved on the anchoring rod 101, and a conical body 103 with a large inner diameter and a small outer diameter fixed coaxially at the axial inner end of the anchoring rod 101. The larger cone body 103 is An anchoring cylinder 102 protrudes inward from the end surface, the tension body 3 is fixed on the outer end of the anchor rod 101, and the inner end of the anchoring cylinder 102 has a slit 104 extending toward the axially outer end of the anchoring cylinder 102;

The lower end of the casing 5 is connected to one end of a displacement sensor 16, the other end of the displacement sensor 16 on the lowermost casing 5 is connected to the anchoring end 1, and the other ends of the remaining displacement sensors 16 are connected to the adjacent conical body 2 On the end face, the casing on one side of the displacement sensor 16 has a first through hole 17, and the casing has a second through hole 18 on the outside axially, and also includes a wireless signal transmitting device 19. The displacement sensor The wire 23 of 16 is connected to the wireless signal transmitting device 19 through the first through hole 17, the inner chamber of the sleeve tube 5, and the second through hole 18 of the sleeve pipe 5 at its axially outer end, and also includes a wireless signal transmitting device for receiving 19 signal wireless signal receiving device 20, the wireless signal receiving device 20 is connected with a monitoring host 21.

After the anchor hole 9 needs to be laid at the anchor point, the invention is first installed. Taking the two-stage anchor as an example, the first-stage screw rod 10 is fixed on the anchor end 1 earlier. Put the first-level sleeve 5 on the first-level tension body 3 from the axial inner end to the axial outer end of the first-level tension body 3, and then put the second-level sleeve 5 from the axial inner end to the axial The outer end is sleeved on the second tension body 3 , and then the second tension body 3 is passed through the through hole 4 of the first tension body 3 towards the axial inner end. Then move the first-stage tension body 3 and the sleeve 5 toward the axially outer end, and expose the second-stage tension body 3 at the axial inner end and fix it on the anchoring end 1 . Then the first-level tension body 3 is fixed on the anchoring end 1, and a plurality of first-level springs are evenly distributed between the first-level casing 5 and the anchoring end 1 (the first-level springs are also the first elastic body connected to the anchoring end 1). The outer end of the barrel), and then a plurality of second-stage springs are evenly distributed between the first-stage circular frustum body 2 and the second-stage sleeve pipe 5 .

Then the anchoring end 1 is anchored at the bottom of the anchor hole 9, which is the grouting point one 107, and the sleeve pipe 5 in the axial direction of the groove 6 is anchored on the side wall of the anchor hole 9, which is the grouting point two 14 here. Grouting in the anchor hole 9 at the slot 6 makes the side wall of the anchor hole 9 thicker, here is the grouting point 3 15, so that the side wall of the anchor hole 9 can be attached to the side wall of the casing 5 at the slot 6 superior. In this way, when the rock mass at the casing 5 of a certain level is deformed, since the slot 6 at this place is fixedly connected to the inner casing 5 and the anchor hole 9, the deformation of the rock mass at this place drives the corresponding casing. 5 moves axially outward, and the sleeve 5 moves axially outward to cooperate with the frustum 2, so that the sleeve 5 at the slot 6 expands radially outward, because the sleeve 5 at the slot 6 is close to the anchor hole 9, the pressure on the side wall of the anchor hole 9 is continuously increased during its opening process, so that the sleeve 5 is more tightly fixed in the anchor hole 9, and the sleeve 5 is prevented from further expansion by the inner frustum 2. Moving upward, the frustum 2 is fixed on the anchor end 1 at the bottom through the tension body 3, and the anchor end 1 prevents the tension body 3 from moving axially outward, and the tension body 3 prevents the cone body 2 from moving axially outward. The frustum 2 prevents the casing 5 from moving axially outward, and the sleeve 5 expands radially outward through the cooperation with the frustum 2 to increase the friction with the anchor hole 9 to further prevent the rock mass from moving axially outward. . Finally achieve the effect of anchoring.

The stressed places in this invention are all in the anchor hole 9, and will not be exposed to wind and sun for a long time, and the internal environment of the anchor hole 9 is better than the environment outside the anchor hole 9, so the life of the anchoring equipment can be increased. The anchoring in this invention is multi-level anchoring. By detecting the stress levels of the tensile bodies 3 at different levels, it can be detected which level the rock mass is deformed, which is convenient for rock mass deformation monitoring and research.

When the rock mass at the first stage inside the axial direction deforms, since it is the innermost rock mass deforming at this time, all the rock masses outside the deformation point have a tendency to move, so at this time all levels All tension bodies 3 will be stressed. At this time, the outer rock mass is also heavier, so all the tension bodies 3 will bear the weight tension of the heavier rock mass at the same time, and when the rock mass at a certain level is deformed, this level is axially inner The tension body 3 is not stressed, and all the tension bodies 3 outside its axial direction are stressed. With this structure, the heavier rock mass on the outside has more tension body 3 to bear, and the inner lighter rock mass has less tension body 3 to bear, so flexible and self-adapting, not only enhanced anchorage Strength, and strong adaptability, each tension body 3 can play its due role. Simultaneously, it is not every time that each stage of the tension body 3 acts, which virtually increases the life span of the tension body 3 .

The anchor end 1 is composed of an anchor rod 101, an anchor tube 102 movably sleeved on the anchor rod, and a conical body 103 with a large inner diameter and a small outer diameter fixed coaxially at the axial inner end of the anchor rod. The larger end of the conical body faces inward. Stretch out the anchor tube, the axially outward tension body 3 is fixed on the outer end of the anchor rod, and the inner end of the anchor tube is provided with a slit 104 extending toward the axially outer end of the anchor tube;

The structure of the anchoring end in this invention anchors the anchoring tube 102 when the anchoring end is anchoring, and at the same time anchors the part of the cone 103 protruding from the anchoring tube 102 . When the rock mass deforms, the tension body 3 pulls the anchor rod 101 outward, and the anchor rod 101 is fixed in the anchor hole 9 by the cone 103 at the end at this time, forming a first-level anchor. When the cone 103 When the anchoring agent fails, the conical body 103 has a tendency to be pulled and moved outward. At this time, the conical body 103 is prevented from moving outward by the anchoring cylinder 102. During the blocking process, since the anchoring cylinder 102 has a gap, the , the inner end of the anchoring cylinder 102 tends to expand radially outward, and the outward expansion of the anchoring cylinder 102 makes the friction between the anchoring cylinder 102 and the anchor hole 9 larger, and the anchoring agent outside the anchoring cylinder 102, The second level of anchoring is formed. At this time, the second level of anchoring not only has the effect of anchoring agent, but also has the effect of increasing friction in the process of expanding the anchoring cylinder, making the second level of anchoring more stable and less likely to fail. At the same time, set the distance between the cone body 103 and the end of the anchor tube 102. When the first level of anchoring fails, the rock mass moves outwards with the cone head for a certain distance until the cone head fits on the anchor tube. At this point the second stage of anchoring is formed. This setting method allows the rock mass to be deformed to a certain extent when the first-stage anchorage fails, which is more conducive to the control of the rock mass.

A fixed ring 105 extending radially inward may be fixed at the axially outer end of the anchor cylinder 102 , and the anchor rod 101 slides through the fixed ring 105 . A support ring 106 may also be fixed at the axially outer end of the anchor cylinder 102 for supporting the first elastic body.

In this embodiment, a displacement sensor 16 is installed at the lower part of each casing, the innermost displacement sensor 16 is installed on the anchoring end, and the other ends of the other displacement sensors 16 are installed on the frustum 2 . Multiple sensors can be numbered, and displacement sensors with different numbers correspond to different rock formations. Because the truncated cone and the anchoring end are fixed, and the casing 5 moves with the rock mass, when the rock mass at the bottom layer moves, the multiple casings 5 on the upper part follow it, and can pass through multiple casings. 5 drives the corresponding displacement sensor 16 to act, and the displacement sensor 16 transmits its displacement signal to the monitoring host 21 through the wireless signal transmitting device 19 and the wireless signal receiving device 20, and the monitoring host 21 analyzes the displacement of the displacement sensor 16 or the technical personnel Carry out corresponding analysis and research on it. The movement of the rock mass of a certain layer outside the axis can only drive the corresponding casing and the casing 5 outside the axis to move, so that the movement of the rock mass of which layer can be accurately monitored, which is more conducive to the monitoring of the rock mass. research, and the prevention of landslides. Simultaneously monitoring host computer 21 can carry out real-time monitoring to the displacement of rock mass, when monitoring the displacement of its rock and soil body reaches alarm value, monitoring host computer 21 sends alarm prompt, and this monitoring host computer 21 can connect alarm, reminds the staff member in monitoring room directly , It can also send the alarm information to the mobile phone of the monitoring personnel through the wireless network. When the alarm is reached, the early warning personnel will carry out a series of emergency measures to ensure the safety of the residents around the rock and soil mass. At the same time, since there are displacement sensors on each layer, the multiple displacement sensors monitor the multi-layer rock and soil mass at the same time. When the alarm value is reached, it can predict the occurrence of landslides according to which layer of the rock mass is deformed. The severity of the accident, so as to carry out emergency response measures more scientifically. The displacement sensor can be a linear displacement sensor.

A plurality of displacement sensors 16 can be installed on a wireless signal transmitter, and each displacement sensor can be connected to a corresponding wireless signal transmitter. A rainproof electric control box can be fixed on the top, and power supply equipment, such as batteries, solar power supply devices, etc., can be installed inside, and the wireless signal transmitter is installed in the electric control box.

At the same time, the deformation of the rock mass may also be due to the simultaneous fracture of the multi-layer rock mass. Therefore, monitoring the multi-layer rock mass at the same time is beneficial to the study of rock mass deformation and the judgment of landslide early warning.

Embodiment 2, on the basis of Embodiment 1, a screw 10 is fixed at the center of the anchoring end 1, and the screw 10 passes through the through hole 4 in the axially outermost conical body 2 toward the axially outward, and the A tray 11 is sheathed on the portion of the screw 10 passing through the outermost conical body 2 in the axial direction, and a nut 12 is screwed on the screw 10 on the axial outer side of the tray 11 .

A third through hole 22 may be opened on the tray 11 in this embodiment, and the lead wire of the displacement sensor is led out from the third through hole 22, so as to be installed on the wireless signal transmitting device outside the anchor hole.

In this embodiment, a screw rod 10 is added, which is a conventional anchoring method, and one more level of protection can be set according to the situation. The screw rod 10 is fixed at the center of the anchor end 1, and then the axial outer end of the screw rod 10 extends out to the anchor. Outside the hole 9, put the pallet 11 on the screw rod 10 and press it on the rock mass side wall outside the anchor hole 9, then put the nut 12 on the screw rod 10 outside the pallet 11 axial direction. The nut 12 can press the tray 11 in the initial state, directly forming another level of anchoring. Also can keep certain distance with pallet 11, as preventive anchorage, it is brought pallet 11 to contact with nut 12 to form anchorage when rock mass deforms to a certain degree. One more level of anchoring enhances the safety of anchoring. The name of the invention can also be called a segmental displacement multi-stage control negative Poisson self-expanding bolt device and stress displacement monitoring device.

Embodiment 3, on the basis of Embodiment 1, the anchoring end 1 is anchored at the axial inner end of the anchor hole 9, and the side wall of the sleeve 5 on the axial inner side of the slot 6 is anchored in the anchor hole 9, so The inner wall of the anchor hole 9 at the groove 6 is attached to the sleeve pipe 5 .

It is arranged in this way that when the side wall of the anchor hole 9 moves, the sleeve pipe 5 has a tendency to move axially outward, and the sleeve pipe 5 cooperates with the frustum 2 so that the sleeve pipe 5 has a tendency to open axially to the outside. Clinging to the side wall of the anchor hole 9, the increased expansion force prevents the side wall of the anchor hole 9 from moving outward in the axial direction. The fixation between the pipe 5 and the anchor hole 9 breaks during the movement of the rock mass, resulting in failure of the entire anchorage.

Embodiment 4, on the basis of Embodiment 1, the first elastic body 7 and the second elastic body 8 are both springs.

The effect of this spring is to keep the connecting portion of the sleeve pipe 5 and its lower part to remain connected, and does not affect the upward movement of the sleeve pipe 5 following the rock mass.

Embodiment 5, on the basis of Embodiment 1, the frustum 2 and the tension body 3 are integrally structured.

The frustum body 2 and the tension body 3 can be integrally cast. The material of sleeve pipe 5 can use the carbon steel expansion pipe of expansion screw. A plurality of friction protrusions 24 may be provided radially outside the sleeve 5 at the slot 6 to increase friction with the side wall of the anchor hole 9 .

Embodiment 6, on the basis of Embodiment 1, the tension bodies 3 other than the tension body 3 at the innermost end in the axial direction all include an insertion part 301 inserted through the hole 4, and the insertion part 301 is integrally connected at the axial outer end. The transition portion 302 , the diameter of the axially outer end surface of the transition portion 302 is equal to the axially outer end diameter of the axially innermost tensile body 3 , and the axially outer end of the transition portion 302 is connected to the frustum of a cone 2 .

This arrangement makes the axial inner insertion portion 301 smaller in diameter and can be inserted into the through hole 4, while the transition portion 302 expands the diameter of the tension body 3 to be consistent with the tension body 3 at the innermost end in the axial direction. It is convenient to integrally cast the frustum 2 to ensure that the dimensions of the frustum 2 of multiple levels are consistent. And the diameters between each other are naturally transitioned, and there is no shaft shoulder, which enhances its stress. The same frustum of cone 2 can guarantee the casing 5 of the same size. The sleeve pipe 5 of the same size cooperates with the frustum 2 in this way, which not only facilitates the production, but also allows the installation standards of the side walls of the anchor hole 9 to be consistent and have the same effect.

Embodiment 7. On the basis of Embodiment 6, the transition portion 302 is in the shape of a circular truncated cone that is smaller in the axial direction and larger in the outside.

The axially inner end of the casing is fixed with a slip ring 13 protruding radially inward and slidingly fitted on the tension body. The slip ring 13 makes the axial inner end of the bushing vertically slidably connected to the tension body.

Claims (6)

1. A self-expanding bolt device with displacement monitoring, including an anchoring end (1), characterized in that, the anchoring end (1) is arranged with a plurality of round tables that are large on the outside and small on the inside at intervals on the outside of the axis body (2), the axial inner end of the truncated truncated body (2) is coaxially connected with a tension body (3), and the axial outer end of the truncated truncated body (2) is provided with an axially inwardly penetrating tension body ( 3) through the hole (4), the axially innermost tensile body (3) is fixed on the anchoring end (1), and the axially outer tension body (3) passes through its axially inner adjacent circular platform The through hole (4) in the body (2) and the tension body (3) is fixed on the anchoring end (1), and the axial inner part of the circular frustum body (2) is covered with an axial inner end sliding sleeve on the The casing (5) on the tension body (3), the axial outer end of the casing (5) has a plurality of slots (6) extending axially inward, and the axially innermost casing (5) A plurality of first elastic bodies (7) are connected between the anchor end (1), and a plurality of second elastic bodies (8) are connected between the rest of the casing (5) and the axially inner frustum (2) ; The anchoring end (1) consists of an anchoring rod (101), an anchoring cylinder (102) that is movably sleeved on the anchoring rod (101), and a cone with a large inner diameter and a small outer diameter that is coaxially fixed at the inner axial end of the anchoring rod (101). body (103), the larger end surface of the conical body (103) protrudes from the anchor tube (102), the tension body (3) is fixed on the outer end of the anchor rod (101), and the anchor tube (102) The inner end is provided with a slit (104) extending toward the axially outer end of the anchor cylinder (102); One end of the displacement sensor (16) is connected to the lower end of the sleeve (5), the other end of the displacement sensor (16) on the lowermost sleeve (5) is connected to the anchoring end (1), and the rest of the displacement sensors (16) The other end is connected to the end face of the adjacent conical frustum (2), and a first through hole (17) is opened on the sleeve on one side of the displacement sensor (16), and a first through hole (17) is opened on the outside of the sleeve axially. The second through hole (18) also includes a wireless signal transmitting device (19), and the wires of the displacement sensor (16) pass through the first through hole (17) of the sleeve (5) at the axially outer end, the sleeve (5) The inner cavity and the second through hole (18) are connected to the wireless signal transmitting device (19), and also include a wireless signal receiving device (20) for receiving signals from the wireless signal transmitting device (19), the wireless signal The receiving device (20) is connected with a monitoring host (21); The anchoring end (1) is anchored at the axial inner end of the anchor hole (9), and the side wall of the sleeve (5) on the axial inner side of the slot (6) is anchored in the anchor hole (9). The inner wall of the anchor hole (9) at the groove (6) is close to the sleeve pipe (5). 2. A self-expanding bolt device with displacement monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, a screw (10) is fixed at the center of the anchoring end (1), and the screw (10) is axially The outer side passes through the through hole (4) in the axially outermost conical body (2), and the part of the screw (10) passing through the axially outermost conical body (2) is covered with a tray (11), A nut (12) is screwed on the screw rod (10) on the axially outer side of the tray (11). 3. The self-expanding bolt device with displacement monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that, both the first elastic body (7) and the second elastic body (8) are springs. 4. The self-expanding bolt device with displacement monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that the frustum (2) and the tensile body (3) are integrally structured. 5. A self-expanding bolt device with displacement monitoring according to claim 1, characterized in that all the tension bodies (3) other than the tension body (3) at the innermost end in the axial direction include insertion through The insertion part (301) of the via hole (4) and the transition part (302) integrally connected to the axially outer end of the insertion part (301), the diameter of the axially outer end surface of the transition part (302) is equal to the tensile force of the axially innermost end The diameter of the axially outer end of the body (3), and the transition part (302) is connected to the axially outer end of the frustum of the cone (2). 6 . The self-expanding bolt device with displacement monitoring according to claim 5 , characterized in that, the transition part ( 302 ) is in the shape of a circular truncated cone with an axially small inside and an outside big. 7 .

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