CN113999707A

CN113999707A - Oil-based mud and biomass mixed forming fuel and preparation method thereof

Info

Publication number: CN113999707A
Application number: CN202111230445.5A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 李盼; 李海峰; 桂树强; 周明
Original assignee: Wuhan Surveying Geotechnical Research Institute Co Ltd of MCC
Current assignee: Wuhan Surveying Geotechnical Research Institute Co Ltd of MCC
Priority date: 2021-10-22
Filing date: 2021-10-22
Publication date: 2022-02-01

Abstract

The invention provides a fuel formed by mixing oil-based mud and biomass and a preparation method thereof. The mixed forming fuel is a method for mixing, stirring and pressing oil-based mud, wood chips or powder, a binder, a sulfur-fixing agent and a combustion improver according to a certain component ratio under a wet state to form coal, wherein the oil-based mud is a drilled and crushed oil sludge mixture which is circularly brought back to the ground by oil-based drilling fluid in the shale gas exploitation process, and has a high calorific value. The invention utilizes the oil-based mud and the biomass charcoal as components to prepare the formed coal which is used as industrial and civil solid fuel, directly treats and utilizes the oil-based mud which is difficult to treat, not only solves the problem of environmental pollution of the oil-based mud, but also changes waste into valuable, prepares the solid fuel in large batch, provides energy, and has important economic and social application values.

Description

Oil-based mud and biomass mixed forming fuel and preparation method thereof

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the field of solid waste recycling, particularly relates to an environment protection technology and an energy-saving technology, and particularly relates to an oil-based mud and biomass mixed forming fuel and a preparation method thereof.

Technical Field

The oil-based mud is semi-solid or solid waste generated in the shale gas exploitation process, the oil-based mud with huge amount mainly comes from each link of workover operation and treatment process, and the problem of oil-based mud treatment is increasingly prominent along with the increasing of the shale gas exploitation process. The oil-based mud has very complex chemical components, and not only contains a large amount of diesel oil, but also contains animal oil, coal tar, mineral oil, synthetic oil and the like. The oil-based mud has high oil content and serious water emulsification, is difficult to recover, and also contains a large amount of heavy materials such as drilling fluid, clay, various chemical additives and the like in the extracted oil-based mud, so the oil-based mud has high toxicity. Oil-based muds have thus been included in national records of hazardous waste, with hazardous characteristics of toxicity and flammability.

The existing oil-based mud treatment process comprises a landfill method, an underground reinjection method, a microbiological method, an incineration method, an extraction method, a pyrolysis method and the like. The landfill method is simple and easy to implement, the method is mainly used for treating urban solid waste at first, before landfill, dehydration is carried out to separate out liquid pollutants, the residual solid part is stored after air drying, and landfill is carried out after solidification. The method is simple and feasible, but can only be used for treating the condition that the heavy metals and the oils in the waste are less. If the oil content in the waste oil-based mud is high, the method cannot work normally, so the method is only used for treating the drill cuttings with low oil content in the early stage and is gradually eliminated.

Downhole reinjection is a process of treating oil-based mud by shearing, crushing and sorting processes, with the remainder being reinjected into the formation. At present, the method is mostly used for treating the offshore drilling mud, and has the main advantages of low cost and little pollution; however, the method is greatly influenced by pipelines and equipment, the injection pipeline bears high pressure and corrosion for a long time and is easily damaged, and once the injection pipeline is damaged, pollution is caused. In addition, the method has limited processing speed, and the drilling speed is too high to well keep up with the production speed of the oil-based mud.

The extraction method is characterized in that oil-based mud is cleaned by utilizing the solvent extraction effect, oil pollutants in the oil-based mud are extracted, and then the oil pollutants are collected by adopting a re-condensation method. The method is realized by mainly utilizing the different solubility of different organic matters in a certain solvent, and can achieve the purposes of separation and purification by means of distillation through the different boiling points of the organic solvent and the petroleum hydrocarbon after the petroleum hydrocarbon organic matters are extracted; the separated petroleum hydrocarbon can be recycled to reconfigure the oil-based mud, and the extractant can also be used for secondary extraction. However, the method has long flow, complex process and high treatment cost.

The incineration method is a technique for decomposing, oxidizing and sterilizing pollutants by means of high temperature. The key of the burning method is to burn oil compounds with high calorific value in the oil-based mud, but the oil-based mud generally contains a large amount of water, so dehydration pretreatment is firstly carried out to ensure that the oil-based mud meets the burning requirement; the oil-based mud after concentration and dehydration is generally made into mud cakes and is burnt in an incinerator at 800-860 ℃ for at least half an hour. The burning treatment has obvious advantages, the reduction effect on the oil-based mud is obvious, toxic and harmful substances in the oil-based mud can be basically and completely removed through the high temperature in the burning treatment, and meanwhile, the heat obtained by burning can be reused. However, under the existing technical conditions, incineration treatment is mostly operated in a rough production mode, and secondary pollution is high. In the process of treating the oil-based mud by an incineration method, complex toxic gas is often generated, and great harm can be brought to surrounding people if the oil-based mud is not treated.

The method for treating the oil-based mud by the microbiological method is mainly used for oil and gas exploitation on land, and particularly, petroleum hydrocarbon organic matters in the oil-based mud are used as a carbon source and degraded into harmless substances by means of microorganisms. The key point of the method is that strains with high degradation capability and tolerance capability need to be screened, and the strain samples are domesticated and cultured in a controllable closed environment. At present, the research on the method at home and abroad mainly aims at the two aspects of screening and culturing dominant strains and improving the degradation rate of the dominant strains by a method for controlling the environment. The method has long time consumption and high treatment cost, the conditions of pH, humidity, temperature and the like need to be strictly controlled during treatment, and the method has higher technical requirements on operators, so the method has certain difficulty in popularization and is difficult to be practically applied.

Pyrolysis has been gradually regarded as important for use in the oil and gas industry with the progress of the reaction equipment and the expansion of the range of applications. Particularly, as the energy crisis is getting more and more severe today, sustainability development is becoming more important, and pyrolysis technology is also beginning to be used for resource treatment and recovery of petroleum-like substances, and is gradually developing into a solid waste treatment and disposal method which is of great interest, and is widely used for treatment of oil-containing waste as a modified high-temperature disposal process. The oil-based mud is heated to above a critical temperature under an anaerobic condition to desorb hydrocarbon pollutants and separate the hydrocarbon pollutants from the oil-based mud. Residual rock debris residues after hydrocarbon thermal desorption can meet the requirements of American BDAT, the pyrolyzed hydrocarbons can be condensed into recovered oil for recycling, and non-condensable gas can be used as fuel gas. The pyrolysis treatment oil-based mud has high technical content, relatively strict requirements on reaction equipment and control on the operation process, but has good advantages in the aspects of improving the treatment efficiency and the resource reuse rate, and has a great application prospect in comparison. Particularly, the oil-based mud is pyrolyzed in a nitrogen atmosphere and then is used as a raw material, and the raw material has high calorific value and is increased in resource utilization.

The existing oil-based mud treatment method has the problems of high cost and low efficiency, the materials obtained by the existing oil-based mud treatment process cannot ensure harmlessness, the treatment cost is high, the existing oil-based mud treatment cost is 3600 yuan/ton, the existing oil-based mud nitrogen pyrolysis treatment process still has high calorific value, and the preparation method of the oil-based mud and biomass mixed clean molding fuel is developed for solving the problem.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a mixed forming fuel of oil-based mud and biomass and a preparation method thereof, aiming at the problem of treatment of the existing oil-based mud, the mixed forming fuel has high combustion heat value and less pollutants generated by combustion, can solve the problems that the existing oil-based mud pollutes the environment, the oil-based mud cannot be recycled, is difficult to treat and treat, and the like, and achieves the purposes of recycling, harmlessness and reduction treatment of wastes.

In order to achieve the technical purpose, the invention provides a mixed forming fuel of oil-based mud and biomass, which is characterized by being prepared by mixing the following substances in percentage by mass:

the sum of the mass percentages of the substances is 100 percent;

drying sticky semi-solid oil-based mud at the temperature of 100-110 ℃, putting the dried sticky semi-solid oil-based mud in a pyrolysis device, heating the dried sticky semi-solid oil-based mud to 350-450 ℃ at the speed of 10-20 ℃/min, then carrying out pyrolysis at a constant temperature for 50-70 min, continuously introducing nitrogen in the pyrolysis process, cooling the oil-based mud to the room temperature after the pyrolysis is finished, and crushing the oil-based mud into powder;

the eucalyptus wood chip powder is a powder material obtained by drying eucalyptus wood chips at the temperature of 100-120 ℃, cooling and crushing;

the binder comprises starch and additives, wherein the additives comprise: sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium hydroxide and potassium permanganate;

the sulfur fixing agent comprises any one of calcium-based sulfur fixing agent, sodium-based sulfur fixing agent or magnesium-based sulfur fixing agent;

the combustion improver is one or more of magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, ferroferric oxide, ferric chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium chlorate and alumina.

The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the oil-based mud is sticky semi-solid oil-based mud generated in shale gas exploitation engineering, and the pretreatment comprises the steps of placing the oil-based mud in a muffle furnace, drying the oil-based mud for 6 hours at 105 ℃, and cooling the oil-based mud to room temperature; and continuously introducing nitrogen at the speed of 0.1-0.3L/min in the pyrolysis process, and cooling, crushing and sieving by a 40-100-mesh sieve to obtain the oil-based mud pyrolysis powder after pyrolysis is finished.

The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the calcium-based sulfur-fixing agent comprises any one of calcium carbonate, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide; the sodium-based sulfur fixing agent comprises any one of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate; the magnesium-based solid sulfur comprises any one of magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide and magnesium hydroxide.

The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the calorific value of the oil-based mud is 12-15 MJ.Kg^-1The calorific value of the oil-based mud pyrolysis powder is 13-16 MJ.Kg^-1The heat value of the eucalyptus wood dust is 18-21 MJ.Kg^-1。

The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the oil-based mud and eucalyptus wood chips comprise the following elements in proportion:

the invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the eucalyptus wood dust is a eucalyptus powder raw material obtained by drying eucalyptus wood dust for 10-12 hours at the temperature of 100-110 ℃, cooling to room temperature, crushing the wood dust and screening the crushed wood dust with a screen of 40-100 meshes.

The invention provides a preparation method of a mixed forming fuel of oil-based mud and biomass, which is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

(1) treating the oil-based mud, namely drying viscous semi-solid oil-based mud generated in shale gas exploitation engineering at the temperature of 100-110 ℃ for 5.5-6.5 h, cooling to room temperature, then placing the oil-based mud in a pyrolysis device, heating from the room temperature to 350-450 ℃ at the speed of 10-20 ℃/min, then maintaining constant temperature pyrolysis for 50-70 min, continuously introducing nitrogen at the speed of 0.1-0.3L/min in the pyrolysis process, cooling to the room temperature after pyrolysis is completed, and sequentially crushing and grinding the pyrolyzed oil-based mud to obtain an oil-based mud pyrolysis powder raw material for later use, wherein the oil-based mud is obtained by sieving with a 40-100-mesh sieve;

(2) processing eucalyptus wood chips, namely drying the eucalyptus wood chips at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ for 10-12 h, cooling to room temperature, crushing the wood chips, and screening the crushed wood chips with a screen of 40-100 meshes to obtain a eucalyptus powder raw material;

(3) preparing raw materials according to the following mass percentages, wherein the total mass percentage is 100%: 15-30% of oil-based slurry powder in the step (1), 40-60% of eucalyptus wood dust powder in the step (2), 5-10% of a binder, 2-5% of a sulfur-fixing agent, 2-5% of a combustion improver and the balance of water; wherein the main component of the binder is starch; the sulfur fixing agent comprises any one of calcium-based sulfur fixing agent, sodium-based sulfur fixing agent or magnesium-based sulfur fixing agent; the combustion improver is any one or more of magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, ferroferric oxide, ferric chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium chlorate and alumina;

(4) and (3) mixing the oil-based slurry powder, the eucalyptus wood chip powder, the binder, the sulfur-fixing agent and the combustion improver in the step (3), adding water, uniformly mixing through a stirrer, performing compression molding under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure and the molding pressure of 19-30MPa to form honeycomb briquette shapes, and performing outdoor air drying.

The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the binder in the step (3) is prepared by mixing starch and an auxiliary additive according to the mass ratio of 5:1, and the auxiliary additive is prepared by mixing sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium hydroxide and potassium permanganate according to the mass ratio of 4:3: 3.

The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: the calcium-based sulfur fixing agent in the sulfur fixing agent comprises any one of calcium carbonate, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide, the sodium-based sulfur fixing agent comprises any one of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, and the magnesium-based sulfur fixing agent comprises any one of magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide and magnesium hydroxide.

The invention has the following excellent technical scheme: and (4) completing the forming process by adopting a stamping type honeycomb briquette forming machine in the forming process in the step (4).

The biomass fuel is prepared from eucalyptus, the source of the raw material of the oil-based mud is mainly considered, the oil-based mud is obtained from the shale gas exploitation process in the Chongqing area, the transportation of the raw oil-based mud slurry in the mountainous area is inconvenient, the transportation cost is too high, the fuel is generally prepared through on-site industrial production, the eucalyptus is widely planted in the Chongqing area, the growth cycle is short, the eucalyptus is easy to survive, and the heat value is high, so the biomass fuel is prepared from the eucalyptus, and other wood raw materials with low cost and high heat value and similar to the performance of the eucalyptus can be selected according to actual conditions.

The sulfur-fixing agent, the binder and the combustion improver can be selected according to the indexes of sulfur content, low-level dry base calorific value, ash content, volatile matter and the like in the fuel, and the dosage is selected according to different proportionsAnd (4) adding. The mixed forming fuel has high combustion heat value, can reduce the generation of secondary pollutants and meets the requirement of environmental protection. The binder is mainly composed of starch, the sodium carboxymethyl cellulose is added to strengthen the binding effect, the sodium hydroxide and the potassium permanganate are mainly used for modifying and activating the starch, the binder has the advantages of high binding strength and high hardening speed, and the mechanical strength of the fuel can be effectively improved. The combustion improver has the effects of effectively reducing dissociation energy of oxygen and activation energy required during combustion, namely reducing ignition point, strengthening combustion of fuel, and playing roles of strongly supporting combustion, increasing energy and saving energy. The sulfur-fixing agent has the effects that the sulfur-fixing agent is uniformly mixed with fuel, and can effectively fix sulfur elements in the fuel in burnt ash in the combustion process to reduce SO_xAnd (4) discharging.

The oil-based mud and the biomass fuel are organically combined, a proper additive is added, and the added auxiliary additive can ensure that the mixed forming fuel has high combustion heat value, is convenient to transport and fast burn, reduces the generation of secondary pollutants and meets the requirement of environmental protection. The mixed formed fuel prepared by the invention has good caking property and high combustion heat value, and the heat value of the prepared mixed formed fuel can be fully utilized, thereby reducing a large amount of pollution; the preparation is simple, and the oil-based mud, the biomass fuel, the additive and the water are mixed and stirred uniformly according to a certain proportion; the effect is showing, and make full use of resource effectively utilizes the high calorific value in the oil-based mud, and from the source effectual problem of having solved sulfur dioxide pollution environment.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a graph showing the relationship between the raw material ratio and the performance index in the examples;

FIG. 2 is a graph showing the relationship between the ratio of the adhesive and the performance index in the examples;

FIG. 3 is a relationship between the sulfur-fixing agent ratio and performance index in the examples;

FIG. 4 is a graph showing the relationship between the proportion of combustion improver and the performance index in examples.

Detailed Description

The present invention will be further described with reference to the following examples. The following technical solutions presented in the examples are specific to the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.

The oil-based mud and biomass mixed forming fuel in the embodiment of the invention is prepared by mixing the following substances in percentage by mass: 15-30% of oil-based mud pyrolysis powder, 40-60% of eucalyptus wood dust, 5-10% of a binder, 2-5% of a sulfur-fixing agent, 2-5% of a combustion improver and the balance of water. The sum of the mass percentages of the substances is 100 percent.

The adhesive is prepared by mixing starch and an auxiliary additive according to a mass ratio of 5:1, and the auxiliary additive is prepared by mixing sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium hydroxide and potassium permanganate according to a mass ratio of 4:3: 3. The sulfur fixing agent comprises any one of calcium-based sulfur fixing agent, sodium-based sulfur fixing agent or magnesium-based sulfur fixing agent; the calcium-based sulfur-fixing agent comprises any one of calcium carbonate, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide; the sodium-based sulfur fixing agent comprises any one of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate; the magnesium-based solid sulfur comprises any one of magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide and magnesium hydroxide. The combustion improver is one or more of magnesium oxide, aluminum oxide, ferroferric oxide, ferric chloride, potassium nitrate, potassium chlorate and alumina.

The oil-based mud in the following embodiments of the invention is specifically from the pyrostone region of the 1 st-term capacity construction area of Chongqing Fuling shale gas exploration and development Limited company, and the original sample is a black and sticky semisolid substance accompanied by strong diesel oil odor; the pretreatment is carried out before use, and the pretreatment process comprises the following steps: drying sticky semi-solid oil-based mud generated in shale gas exploitation engineering at 100-110 ℃ for 5.5-6.5 h, cooling to room temperature, then placing in a pyrolysis device, heating from room temperature to 350-450 ℃ at a speed of 10-20 ℃/min, then maintaining constant temperature pyrolysis for 50-70 min, and performing pyrolysis at a speed of 0.1-0.3L/minContinuously introducing nitrogen at a speed, cooling to room temperature after pyrolysis is finished, and sequentially crushing and grinding the pyrolyzed oil-based mud through a screen of 40-100 meshes to obtain a pyrolyzed powder raw material of the oil-based mud for later use; the calorific value of the oil-based mud is 12-15 MJ.Kg^-1The calorific value of the oil-based mud pyrolysis powder is 13-16 MJ.Kg^-1。

The pyrolysis process of the oil-based mud can be carried out by adopting the conventional pyrolysis device, the pyrolysis tail gas can be treated by adopting a tail gas treatment device in the pyrolysis process, most of peculiar smell and soluble pollutants in the tail gas are removed and then discharged into the air, and the pollution is reduced.

In the following embodiments of the invention, eucalyptus from the carameline town of Fuling district of Chongqing city is selected as the eucalyptus wood chips, because the eucalyptus is planted in more than one Chongqing mountain area and has relatively high calorific value, the calorific value of the eucalyptus wood chip powder is 18-21 MJ.Kg^-1(ii) a Drying eucalyptus wood chips at the temperature of 100-120 ℃ for 10-12 h, cooling to room temperature, crushing the wood chips, and screening the crushed wood chips with a screen of 40-100 meshes to obtain the eucalyptus powder raw material.

Analyzing the raw materials of the oil-based mud and the eucalyptus wood chips, wherein the proportions of the elements are as follows:

content (%)	C	H	N	S	O
						Oil-based mud	25.36	0.92	0.17	3.15	6.82
Eucalyptus	49.82	4.64	0.04	0.18	27.41

The standard for preparing the formed fuel mainly refers to technical conditions of NY/T1878-2010 biomass solid formed fuel.

The embodiment 1 provides a mixed forming fuel of oil-based mud and biomass, which is prepared by uniformly mixing the following raw materials in percentage by mass and then performing compression forming: 30% of oil-based slurry powder, 40% of biomass fuel, 10% of adhesive, 5% of calcium carbonate and 5% of magnesium oxide; the balance of water.

Preparing raw materials: drying viscous semisolid oil-based mud at 105 ℃ for 5h, then placing the dried viscous semisolid oil-based mud in a fixed pyrolysis device, heating the viscous semisolid oil-based mud to 350 ℃ from room temperature at a speed of 10 ℃/min, then pyrolyzing the viscous semisolid oil-based mud at a constant temperature for 50min, continuously introducing nitrogen in the pyrolysis process, cooling the viscous semisolid oil-based mud to the room temperature at a nitrogen rate of 0.1L/min, crushing the viscous semisolid oil-based mud into powder, and sieving the powder with a 50-mesh sieve to obtain oil-based mud pyrolysis powder; the eucalyptus wood dust is obtained by drying eucalyptus wood dust for 10 hours at the temperature of 100 ℃, cooling and crushing to obtain powder material, and sieving with a 50-mesh sieve.

Mixing and molding: adding water into the raw material substances and the additive of the formed fuel, uniformly mixing by a stirrer, applying a stamping type honeycomb briquette forming machine under the condition of normal temperature and normal pressure, keeping the forming pressure at 20MPa for 2min, carrying out stamping forming to form a honeycomb briquette shape, and carrying out outdoor air drying to obtain the solid formed fuel A.

The solid molded fuel A obtained in example 1 was a honeycomb-shaped cylinder having a diameter of 3cm and a length of 8cm, a pellet breakage rate of 7%, a water content of 3%, a finished product dried base high-level calorific value of 19.32MJ/Kg, a finished product dried base low-level calorific value of 15.87MJ/Kg, and a solid molded pellet density of 1254Kg/m³The compression coefficient of the fuel is 7.26/N.mm²And no obvious peculiar smell exists, and a molded sample is qualified by referring to NY/T1878-2010 biomass solid molded fuel technical conditions. The other detection indexes (combustion performance analysis and analysis of products after combustion) are shown in attached tables 1 and 2.

The embodiment 2 provides a mixed forming fuel of oil-based mud and biomass, which is prepared by uniformly mixing the following raw materials in percentage by mass and then performing compression forming: 25% of oil-based mud pyrolysis powder, 45% of eucalyptus wood dust, 8% of binder, 6% of calcium carbonate, 6% of magnesium oxide and the balance of water.

Preparing raw materials: drying viscous semi-solid oil-based mud at 105 ℃ for 6h, then placing the dried viscous semi-solid oil-based mud in a fixed pyrolysis device, heating the viscous semi-solid oil-based mud to 400 ℃ from room temperature at a speed of 10 ℃/min, then pyrolyzing the viscous semi-solid oil-based mud at a constant temperature for 60min, continuously introducing nitrogen in the pyrolysis process, cooling the viscous semi-solid oil-based mud to room temperature at a nitrogen rate of 0.15L/min, crushing the viscous semi-solid oil-based mud into powder, and sieving the powder with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain oil-based mud pyrolysis powder; the eucalyptus wood dust is obtained by drying eucalyptus wood dust for 10 hours at the temperature of 105 ℃, cooling and crushing to obtain powder material, and sieving the powder material with a 60-mesh sieve.

Mixing and molding: adding water into the raw material substances and the additive of the formed fuel, uniformly mixing by a stirrer, applying a stamping type honeycomb briquette forming machine under the condition of normal temperature and normal pressure, keeping the forming pressure at 22MPa for 2min, carrying out stamping forming to form a honeycomb briquette shape, and carrying out outdoor air drying to obtain the solid formed fuel B.

The solid molded fuel B obtained in example 2 was a honeycomb-shaped cylinder having a diameter of 3cm and a length of 8cm, a pellet breakage rate of 3%, a water content of 3%, a dry basis having a high calorific value of 21.48MJ/Kg, a low calorific value of 16.34MJ/Kg, and a solid molded pellet density of 1204Kg/m³The compressive strength of the fuel is 8.14/N.mm². No obvious peculiar smell, refer to NY/T1878-2010 Biomass solidMolded fuel technical conditions, and qualified molded samples. The other detection indexes (combustion performance analysis and analysis of products after combustion) are shown in attached tables 1 and 2.

Embodiment 3 provides a fuel formed by mixing oil-based mud and biomass, which is prepared by uniformly mixing the following raw materials in percentage by mass and then performing compression molding: 20% of oil-based mud pyrolysis powder, 55% of eucalyptus wood dust, 7% of binder, 3% of calcium carbonate, 4% of magnesium oxide and the balance of water.

Preparing raw materials: drying the sticky semi-solid oil-based mud at 110 ℃ for 6h, then placing the dried sticky semi-solid oil-based mud in a fixed pyrolysis device, heating the mud to 450 ℃ from room temperature at a speed of 15 ℃/min, then pyrolyzing the mud at constant temperature for 60min, continuously introducing nitrogen in the pyrolysis process, cooling the mud to room temperature at a nitrogen rate of 0.2L/min after pyrolysis is finished, and crushing the mud into powder and sieving the powder with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain oil-based mud pyrolysis powder; the eucalyptus wood dust is obtained by drying eucalyptus wood dust for 12h at the temperature of 110 ℃, cooling and crushing to obtain powder material, and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve.

Mixing and molding: adding water into the raw material substances and the additive of the formed fuel, uniformly mixing by a stirrer, applying a stamping type honeycomb briquette forming machine under the condition of normal temperature and normal pressure, keeping the forming pressure at 25MPa for 2min, carrying out stamping forming to form a honeycomb briquette shape, and carrying out outdoor air drying to obtain the solid formed fuel C.

The solid molded fuel C obtained in example 3 was a honeycomb-shaped cylinder having a diameter of 3cm and a length of 8cm, a particle breakage rate of 3%, a water content of 3%, a high calorific value of 22.76MJ/Kg on a dry basis, a low calorific value of 16.93MJ/Kg, and a density of 1180Kg/m for solid molded particles³The compressive strength of the fuel is 8.33/N.mm²And no obvious peculiar smell exists, and a molded sample is qualified by referring to NY/T1878-2010 biomass solid molded fuel technical conditions. The other detection indexes (combustion performance analysis and analysis of products after combustion) are shown in attached tables 1 and 2.

Embodiment 4 provides a fuel formed by mixing oil-based mud and biomass, which is prepared by uniformly mixing the following raw materials in percentage by mass and then performing compression molding: 15% of oil-based mud pyrolysis powder, 65% of eucalyptus wood dust, 5% of binder, 2% of calcium carbonate, 3% of magnesium oxide and the balance of water.

Preparing raw materials: drying viscous semisolid oil-based mud at 105 ℃ for 6h, then placing the dried viscous semisolid oil-based mud in a fixed pyrolysis device, heating the viscous semisolid oil-based mud to 350 ℃ from room temperature at a speed of 10 ℃/min, then pyrolyzing the viscous semisolid oil-based mud at constant temperature for 60min, continuously introducing nitrogen in the pyrolysis process, cooling the viscous semisolid oil-based mud to room temperature at a nitrogen rate of 0.10L/min, crushing the viscous semisolid oil-based mud into powder, and sieving the powder with a 60-mesh sieve to obtain oil-based mud pyrolysis powder; the eucalyptus wood dust is obtained by drying eucalyptus wood dust for 12h at the temperature of 100 ℃, cooling and crushing to obtain powder material, and sieving with a 60-mesh sieve.

Mixing and molding: adding water into the raw material substances and the additive of the formed fuel, uniformly mixing by a stirrer, applying a stamping type honeycomb briquette forming machine under the condition of normal temperature and normal pressure, keeping the forming pressure at 30MPa for 2min, carrying out stamping forming to form honeycomb briquette shapes, and carrying out outdoor air drying to obtain the solid formed fuel D.

The solid molded fuel D obtained in example 4 was a honeycomb-shaped, cylindrical body having a diameter of 3cm and a length of 8cm, and had a pellet breakage rate of 3%, a water content of 3%, a dry basis having a high calorific value of 24.34MJ/Kg, a low calorific value of 17.40MJ/Kg, and a solid molded pellet density of 1146Kg/m³The compressive strength of the fuel is 8.89/N.mm²And no obvious peculiar smell exists, and a molded sample is qualified by referring to NY/T1878-2010 biomass solid molded fuel technical conditions. The other detection indexes (combustion performance analysis and analysis of products after combustion) are shown in attached tables 1 and 2.

Example 5: the example is a comparison experiment, and a finished product is prepared by uniformly mixing the following raw materials in percentage by mass and then performing compression molding: 80% of oil-based mud pyrolysis powder, 0% of eucalyptus wood dust, 5% of binder, 2% of calcium carbonate, 3% of magnesium oxide and the balance of water.

Preparing raw materials: drying the viscous semi-solid oil-based mud for 6.5h at 110 ℃, then placing the viscous semi-solid oil-based mud in a fixed pyrolysis device, heating the viscous semi-solid oil-based mud to 450 ℃ from room temperature at the rate of 20 ℃/min, then pyrolyzing the viscous semi-solid oil-based mud at the constant temperature for 70min, continuously introducing nitrogen in the pyrolysis process, cooling the viscous semi-solid oil-based mud to the room temperature at the nitrogen rate of 0.2L/min, crushing the viscous semi-solid oil-based mud into powder, and sieving the powder with a 80-mesh sieve to obtain the pyrolysis powder of the oil-based mud.

Mixing and molding: adding water into the raw material substances and the additive for preparing the molded fuel, uniformly mixing the raw material substances and the additive through a stirrer, applying a stamping type honeycomb briquette molding machine under the conditions of normal temperature and normal pressure, keeping the molding pressure at 25MPa for 2min, carrying out stamping molding to form a honeycomb briquette shape, and carrying out outdoor air drying to obtain the solid molded fuel E.

The solid molded fuel E obtained in example 5 was a honeycomb-shaped, cylindrical body having a diameter of 3cm and a length of 8cm, and had a pellet breakage rate of 32%, a water content of 3%, a dry basis having a high calorific value of 16.34MJ/Kg, a low calorific value of 14.40MJ/Kg, and a solid molded pellet density of 1388Kg/m³The compressive strength of the fuel is 4.65/N.mm²And slight kerosene peculiar smell, referring to NY/T1878-2010 Biomass solid molded fuel technical conditions, and the molded sample is unqualified. The other detection indexes (combustion performance analysis and analysis of products after combustion) are shown in attached tables 1 and 2.

The formed fuel prepared in the five examples is subjected to combustion performance analysis, and is compared with the fuel prepared from standard anthracite, raw materials (eucalyptus and oil-based mud pyrolysis products) (the preparation process method is consistent with the invention, and other additives are not added) and the fuel prepared from straw (the preparation process method is consistent with the invention, and other additives are not added) in a test, and whether the combustion performance of the formed fuel meets the standard or not is inspected. The specific dynamic combustion evaluation test data comparison results are shown in the attached table 1:

TABLE 1 accompanying tables for test results of dynamic combustion evaluation of shaped fuels

As can be seen from the dynamic combustion evaluation analysis of the formed fuel in the attached table 1, the finished fuel of the oil-based mud pyrolysis product prepared by the process is difficult to ignite, has heavy peculiar smell of kerosene, contains a large amount of volatile substances in the interior, has high ignition point, needs high heat to ignite in the early stage, has large ash amount, is easy to coke and has unqualified comprehensive efficiency; the raw material components of the single eucalyptus finished fuel and the straw finished fuel are compared, the single eucalyptus finished fuel and the straw finished fuel are both suitable for preparing high-quality molding fuel, the comprehensive efficiency is qualified, but the eucalyptus has obvious advantages in burning time; the mixed molding fuel examples (1, 2, 3 and 4) prepared by the process disclosed by the invention are combined with the dual functions of eucalyptus and a combustion improver, so that the ignition point of the mixed molding fuel is greatly reduced, a better quick-burning effect can be achieved, meanwhile, the fuel performance (burn-out time and burn-out ash slag) can be reasonably optimized by effectively controlling the raw material proportion, the binder and the combustion improver proportion, a combustion product is slightly coked, no substantial influence is caused, and the comprehensive efficiency is qualified; example 5 is a reference comparison experiment, the fuel combustion performance of the finished product fuel of the oil-based mud pyrolysis product is generally similar to that of the oil-based mud pyrolysis product, the raw material reference comparison is carried out with examples (1, 2, 3 and 4), the advantages and disadvantages exist in the examples (1, 2, 3 and 4), the ignition point and the burnt-out ash content are obviously improved, the combustion performance is basically consistent with that of anthracite, the advantages of the invention are embodied, and the waste oil-based mud can be reasonably utilized and recycled, harmlessly and reduced by effectively controlling the raw material proportion, the additive proportion and the specific process scheme.

The inventor of the present application analyzed heavy metals in ash after combustion of the molded fuel in examples 1 to 5 and sulfur-fixing components in ash. And the analysis result is compared with the fuel prepared by the standard anthracite, raw materials (eucalyptus and oil-based mud pyrolysis products) (the preparation process method is consistent with the invention, and other additives are not added), and the fuel prepared by the straw (the preparation process method is consistent with the invention, and other additives are not added), and whether the limit index of the combustion product reaches the standard or not is inspected. After the formed fuel is combusted, a large amount of ash can be generated, heavy metal substances in the fuel can be generally transferred to inorganic substances (burnt ash) and sulfur-containing compounds in the sulfur-fixing agent fixed fuel, after the prepared finished fuel is combusted, ash content of the finished fuel is taken, and quantitative and qualitative tests and analyses on the content of heavy metal and the content of sulfur are carried out, and specific experimental data are shown in an attached table 2:

TABLE 2 limit values of heavy metal concentration and sulfur content in burnout ash and corresponding dischargeable standard

As can be seen by comparing the contents in the attached Table 2, the oil-based mud pyrolysis product finished fuel prepared by the process of the invention has high heavy metal content in the burnt-out product ash, but the preparation is still lower than the dischargeable standard, and simultaneously, the sulfur content in the ash and SO_XThe discharge amount exceeds the dischargeable standard, the ash control products need to be strictly controlled, and the comprehensive index evaluation is unqualified; the eucalyptus finished fuel and the straw finished fuel are compared in raw material components, and both are suitable for preparing high-quality molding fuel, and the heavy metal, sulfur content and SO content of the fuel are high_XThe discharge indexes are not far lower than the discharge control standard, and the comprehensive index evaluation is qualified; comparing example 5 with oil-based mud pyrolysis product finished fuel, the two have small overall difference, and the sulfur-fixing agent is added in example 5, SO that SO is greatly reduced_XThe discharge amount is reduced, the pollution in the combustion process is reduced, and a large amount of sulfur-containing compounds are fixed in ash slag, so that the pollution diffusion is effectively prevented; the process of the invention for preparing the shaped fuel (1, 2, 3 and 4) fixes the sulfur-containing substances in the raw materials in the ash by effectively controlling the raw material proportion and the sulfur-fixing agent content, and simultaneously avoids the sulfur content and SO_XThe discharge amount does not exceed the discharge control standard, so that the coal ash is ensured to be pollution-free and non-toxic with burnt-off ash slag in the combustion process, and the coal ash becomes a high-quality anthracite alternative fuel.

The inventors of the present application conducted the following experimental studies with respect to various raw material formulations in the present invention.

Test 1: the inventor of the application finds that the oil-based mud is large in proportion of water content in the original mud, difficult to directly burn and needs to be pretreated to reduce the specific gravity of the water content by carrying out industrial analysis and calorific value measurement on the original mud. The oil-based mud is subjected to thermal cracking treatment in a vertical tubular furnace, so that the purpose of improving the heat value of the oil-based mud is achieved, and the subsequent molding and incineration treatment are facilitated. The gas generated by thermal cracking is collected and treated, so that the emission is reduced, and the method is environment-friendly. Putting the original sample into a quartz tube, keeping a certain heating rate in a nitrogen atmosphere, keeping constant temperature for cracking after heating to a certain temperature, and simultaneously, collecting and processing gas generated by cracking in a centralized manner. Data were obtained by orthogonal tests of oil-based mud pyrolysis and analyzed for range and variance as shown in the attached table 3:

attached table 3 attached table for analyzing pole difference of oil-based mud pyrolysis orthogonal test

The optimal conditions for pyrolysis of oil-based muds can be seen by the accompanying table 3 as: the pyrolysis final temperature is 400 ℃, the final temperature time is 60min, the heating rate is 5 ℃/min and the nitrogen rate is 0.4 L.min^-1The calorific value of the treatment under these conditions is the highest.

The inventor of the application also researches the raw material formula of the invention, carries out pyrolysis treatment on the oil-based mud, then screens and mixes the crushed pyrolysis ash and the charred eucalyptus by using a standard vibrating screen machine, and adds a certain proportion of the binder, the sulfur-fixing agent and the combustion improver into the mixed fuel to ensure that the formed fuel has certain viscosity and strength, lower ignition point and certain sulfur-fixing capacity. An orthogonal test is designed, and an infrared oil tester, an oxygen bomb type heat rapid tester, an element analyzer, an X-ray fluorescence spectrometer, an industrial analyzer and the like are utilized to research the combustion property and the forming property of the raw materials and the formed fuel, so that the optimal conditions for pyrolysis of the oil-based mud and the optimal adding amount and proportion of eucalyptus carbide, water, a binder, a sulfur fixing agent and a combustion improver are explored. Wherein the binder is mainly starch, the sulfur-fixing agent is mainly calcium carbonate, and the combustion improver is a mixture of potassium nitrate, barium nitrate and potassium perchlorate in different proportions.

(1) The relationship between the raw material proportion and the fuel performance is researched: at a temperature of 800 ℃, i.e. carbon: the adhesive is 15:1Carbon: the sulfur-fixing agent is 50:1, carbon: the combustion improver is 20: 1, the proportion of the pyrolysis product of the oil-based mud to the charred material of the eucalyptus is respectively 0%, 5%, 10%, 15%, 20% and 25%, each horizontal test is repeated for 5 times, and the average value is calculated. By the heat value and SO of the mixed formed fuel₂The emission and the density of the formed fuel are taken as the basis of consideration. The relationship between the raw materials with different proportions and the performance indexes is shown in figure 1; as can be seen from FIG. 1, the heating value decreases with increasing oil-based mud ratio, SO₂The emissions increase with increasing oil mud ratios and the formed fuel density decreases with increasing oil mud ratios.

(2) The relation between the binder proportion and the performance index is researched: at the temperature of 800 ℃, the raw material proportion of 15 percent, carbon: the sulfur-fixing agent is 50:1, carbon: the combustion improver is 20: 1, the binder ratio is 0, 50:1(5), 25:1(10), 15:1(15), 10:1(25) and 5:1(50), each horizontal test is repeated for 5 times, and the average value is calculated. Based on the heat value of the mixed formed fuel and the density of the formed fuel discharged by SO 2. The relationship between binders in different ratios and performance index is shown in FIG. 2. from FIG. 2, it can be seen that the calorific value increases with increasing binder ratio, SO₂The amount of emissions slightly fluctuated with an increase in the binder ratio, and the molded fuel density increased with a comparative increase in the binder.

(3) The research aiming at the relationship between the sulfur-fixing agent proportion and the performance index is as follows: at the temperature of 800 ℃, the raw material proportion of 15 percent, carbon: the adhesive is 15:1, carbon: the combustion improver is 20: 1, the sulfur-fixing agent ratio is 0, 50:1(5), 25:1(10), 15:1(15), 10:1(25) and 5:1(50), each horizontal test is repeated for 5 times, and the average value is calculated. By the heat value and SO of the mixed formed fuel₂The emission and the density of the formed fuel are taken as the basis of consideration. The relationship between the sulfur-fixing agents with different proportions and the performance indexes is shown in figure 3. As can be seen from FIG. 3, the calorific value and the emission of the density of the molded fuel slightly fluctuate with the increase in the sulfur-fixing agent ratio, and SO₂The emission is reduced along with the increase of the sulfur-fixing agent.

(4) The relation between the proportion of combustion improver and performance index is researched at the temperature of 800 ℃ and the raw material ratioExample 15%, char: the sulfur-fixing agent is 50:1, carbon: the adhesive is 15:1, the combustion improver proportion is 0, 50:1(5), 25:1(10), 15:1(15), 10:1(25) and 5:1(50), each horizontal test is repeated for 5 times, and the average value is calculated. By the heat value and SO of the mixed formed fuel₂The emission and the density of the formed fuel are taken as the basis of consideration. The relationship between the ratios of the different combustion improvers and the performance index is shown in FIG. 4, from which FIG. 4 it can be seen that SO₂The emissions and the molded fuel density emissions slightly fluctuate with an increase in the proportion of the combustion improver, and the calorific value increases with a comparative increase in the combustion improver.

(5) The optimal expected ratio of the binder to the water is as follows: the experimental results of the optimum water amount exploration are shown in the attached table 4, when the ratio of water to carbon is 1.5:1, the raw materials can hardly be molded after being mixed, and the strength is too low to meet the basic requirements of fuel although the porosity is higher after being dried; when the ratio of water to carbon is 1.2:1, the raw materials can be formed after being mixed, but are soft and easy to collapse, and the dried raw materials have certain strength but part of materials attached to the surface are flaky and fall off; when the ratio of water to carbon is 1.0:1, the raw materials are easy to form after being mixed, collapse cannot occur, a dried sample is complete, the strength is good, and a certain porosity is realized. The optimal amount of water to carbon for the sample was 1.0:1 after comparison.

TABLE 4 influence of different water-carbon ratios on the molded product

Sample numbering	Water carbon	Molding conditions	Strength of	Porosity of the material
					Water-1	1.5:1	Can not be molded	Is easy to break	Is higher than
Water-2	1.2:1	Formable	Is stronger	Is normal
					Water-3	1.0:1	Easy to form	High strength	Is normal

Respectively adding starch, CMC, NaOH and KMnO₄The 12 samples in the ratio research experiment are named as starch-1, starch-2, starch-3, C-1, C-2, C-3, N-1, N-2, N-3, K-1, K-2 and K-3. The formulation and product condition of each sample are shown in the attached Table 5.

Through analysis of the strength, porosity and molding condition of the sample, the higher the starch content is, the higher the strength and porosity of the sample are; the variation in CMC content mainly affects the strength of the sample; NaOH, KMnO alone₄The content has little influence on the product properties. Comprehensively considering the ash content increase caused by the increase of the inorganic matter adding amount in the raw materials, the starch CMC, NaOH and KMnO are considered₄The ratio of the binder to the binder is 20:2:1:0.1, and the sample is in a better state in molding, compression resistance and porosity and generates less ash relatively^[70]。

TABLE 5 attached formulation and product conditions for each sample

Sample numbering	Starch CMC NaOH KMnO₄	Molding conditions	Strength of	Porosity of the material
					Starch-1	20:2:1:0.1	Easy to form	High strength	Is higher than
Starch-2	10:2:1:0.1	Easy to form	Is stronger	Is normal
					Starch-3	5:2:1:0.1	Easy to form	Is stronger	Is normal
C-1	20:3:1:0.1	Easy to form	High strength	Is higher than
					C-2	20:2:1:0.1	Easy to form	Is stronger	Is higher than
C-3	20:1:1:0.1	Easy to form	High strength	Is higher than
					N-1	20:1:3:0.1	Easy to form	High strength	Is higher than
N-2	20:1:2:0.1	Easy to form	High strength	Is higher than
					N-3	20:1:1:0.1	Easy to form	High strength	Is higher than
K-1	20:1:1:0.3	Easy to form	High strength	Is higher than
					K-2	20:1:1:0.2	Easy to form	High strength	Is higher than
K-3	20:1:1:0.1	Easy to form	High strength	Is higher than

(6) Molding optimal proportion: through screening of factors which may influence the performance of a sample, the experiment selects the mass ratio of A-eucalyptus carbide to the pyrolysis product of the oil-based mud, the mass ratio of B-total carbon to a binder, the mass ratio of C-total carbon to a sulfur-fixing agent, the mass ratio of D-total carbon to a combustion improver, and four factors and three levels are orthogonally designed. Selecting L₉(3⁴) Orthogonal test the test is carried out with the attached table. The level of the design factors of the orthogonal experiment is shown in an attached table 6, and the arrangement of the design mix proportion of the orthogonal experiment is shown in an attached table 7.

Attached table 6 oil-based sweeps orthogonal experiment factor level attached table

Attached table 7 orthogonal experimental design mix proportion arrangement

The prepared mixed forming fuel is mainly used for thermal power generation or industrial fire coal, and the mixed forming fuel is required to have a certain heat value, so the heat value is taken as one of response factors of a mixing ratio orthogonal test to carry out the orthogonal test. And separately, the calorific value response was subjected to range analysis, and the analysis results are shown in the attached Table 8.

Heat value test result calculation of attached table 8

As can be seen from the attached table, the influence factors on the heat value are ordered as: a. the>B>D>And C, obtaining the optimal formula as follows: a. the₃B₂C₃D₁。

As can be seen from the sum of squares deviation in the attached Table 9 below, the factors do not differ much with respect to the calorific value, i.e., the degree of dispersion between the levels of the factors is low.

Attached Table 9 Heat value Quadrature test analysis of variance

Source	df	Distribution of	SS	MS	F	p
							A	2	0.82	0.6338	0.3169	31.13	0.0310
B	2	0.08	0.0610	0.0305	2.99	0.2500
							D	2	0.08	0.0588	0.0294	2.89	0.2570
Error of the measurement	2	0.03	0.0204	0.0102

As can be seen from the attached table 9, only the mass ratio of the biomass charcoal to the oil-based mud is obviously related to the heat value (p is less than or equal to 0.05), and the influence of the binder, the sulfur-fixing agent and the heat value is small, which is consistent with the components and the functions of the binder and the sulfur-fixing agent. The binder mainly influences the forming strength of the fuel, the sulfur-fixing agent mainly influences the sulfur dioxide gas discharged in the combustion of the fuel, and the combustion improver mainly influences the ignition point of the fuel during initial combustion.

The above description is only a few of the embodiments of the present invention, and the description is specific and detailed, but not construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that, for a person skilled in the art, several variations and modifications can be made without departing from the inventive concept, which falls within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention should be subject to the appended claims.

Claims

1. The oil-based mud and biomass mixed forming fuel is characterized by being prepared by mixing the following substances in percentage by mass:

the sum of the mass percentages of the substances is 100 percent;

2. The oil-based mud and biomass blended briquette fuel of claim 1, wherein: the oil-based mud is sticky semi-solid oil-based mud generated in shale gas exploitation engineering, and the pretreatment comprises the steps of placing the oil-based mud in a muffle furnace, drying the oil-based mud for 6 hours at 105 ℃, and cooling the oil-based mud to room temperature; and continuously introducing nitrogen at the speed of 0.1-0.3L/min in the pyrolysis process, and cooling, crushing and sieving by a 40-100-mesh sieve to obtain the oil-based mud pyrolysis powder after pyrolysis is finished.

3. The oil-based mud and biomass blended briquette fuel of claim 1, wherein: the calcium-based sulfur-fixing agent comprises any one of calcium carbonate, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide; the sodium-based sulfur fixing agent comprises any one of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate; the magnesium-based solid sulfur comprises any one of magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide and magnesium hydroxide.

4. The oil-based mud and biomass blended briquette fuel of claim 1, wherein: the calorific value of the oil-based mud is 12-15 MJ.Kg^-1The calorific value of the oil-based mud pyrolysis powder is 13-16 MJ.Kg^-1The heat value of the eucalyptus wood dust is 18-21 MJ.Kg^-1。

5. The oil-based mud and biomass mixed forming fuel as claimed in claim 1, wherein the oil-based mud and eucalyptus wood chips have the following element proportions:

6. the oil-based mud and biomass blended briquette fuel of claim 1, wherein: the eucalyptus wood dust is a eucalyptus powder raw material obtained by drying eucalyptus wood dust for 10-12 hours at the temperature of 100-110 ℃, cooling to room temperature, crushing the wood dust and screening the crushed wood dust with a screen of 40-100 meshes.

7. A preparation method of a mixed forming fuel of oil-based mud and biomass is characterized by comprising the following specific steps:

8. The preparation method of the oil-based mud and biomass mixed forming fuel according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: the binder in the step (3) is prepared by mixing starch and an auxiliary additive according to the mass ratio of 5:1, and the auxiliary additive is prepared by mixing sodium carboxymethylcellulose, sodium hydroxide and potassium permanganate according to the mass ratio of 4:3: 3.

9. The preparation method of the oil-based mud and biomass mixed forming fuel according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: the calcium-based sulfur fixing agent in the sulfur fixing agent comprises any one of calcium carbonate, calcium oxide and calcium hydroxide, the sodium-based sulfur fixing agent comprises any one of sodium hydroxide, sodium carbonate and sodium bicarbonate, and the magnesium-based sulfur fixing agent comprises any one of magnesium carbonate, magnesium oxide and magnesium hydroxide.

10. The preparation method of the oil-based mud and biomass mixed forming fuel according to claim 7, characterized by comprising the following steps: and (4) completing the forming process by adopting a stamping type honeycomb briquette forming machine in the forming process in the step (4).