CN113999040B - High-strength foamed ceramic and preparation method thereof - Google Patents
High-strength foamed ceramic and preparation method thereof Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a high-strength foamed ceramic and a preparation method thereof, wherein the high-strength foamed ceramic is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: a percent of construction waste, b percent of furnace slag, c percent of fly ash, d percent of bauxite, e percent of dolomite slag, f percent of polished brick waste slag, g percent of molybdenum oxide or tungsten oxide and the like, h percent of aluminum fluoride, wherein, a is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 90, b is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 80, c is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 80, d is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 50, e is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 50, f is more than 0 and less than or equal to 50, g is more than 0 and less than or equal to 40, h is more than 0 and less than or equal to 40. The invention takes the construction waste and the like as raw materials, solves the problem that the construction waste is difficult to treat at present, changes waste into valuable and saves cost.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of materials, and particularly relates to high-strength foamed ceramic and a preparation method thereof.
Background
The foamed ceramic is a novel porous ceramic material with a three-dimensional network structure, has the characteristics of excellent sound insulation and heat insulation performance, high temperature resistance, strong acid-base corrosion resistance, low thermal conductivity, excellent thermal shock resistance, stable chemical performance and the like, and is widely applied to various fields, such as heat insulation layers of high-heat-release areas, such as wastewater treatment and heavy metal recovery in industry, factory chimneys and the like, and heat insulation bricks of building outer walls. In recent years, the country has paid great attention to environmental protection, and related environmental laws and regulations are becoming stricter, and the application of the foamed ceramics in this field is receiving attention again.
With the rapid promotion of urbanization construction in China, the building area and the building energy consumption are continuously increased. Meanwhile, the increase of the industrialization level also causes the increasing output of industrial solid wastes, and brings huge pressure to the society, the economy and the environment. In order to deeply promote the resource-saving and environment-friendly social construction and support the development of building energy-saving, green buildings and fabricated buildings, the development of light-weight and high-strength heat-insulating wall materials by utilizing solid wastes in large amount becomes the main direction of the development of novel building materials. Currently, there are related studies on the preparation of foamed ceramics from polished brick slag, fly ash, granite chips, cathode ray tubes and various metal tailings. However, the mechanical strength of the existing ceramic foam is low, and usually in order to increase the mechanical strength, the porosity needs to be sacrificed, which directly causes the performance attenuation.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention provides a high-strength foamed ceramic and a preparation method thereof, the invention takes construction waste and/or industrial solid waste and the like as main raw materials, takes tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, aluminum fluoride and the like as auxiliary agents, takes dolomite slag, polished tile waste slag and the like as foaming agents, and synthesizes the acicular mullite-reinforced foamed ceramic in situ, and the mechanical strength can be effectively improved by more than 10 percent on the premise of not sacrificing the porosity.
The invention adopts the specific technical scheme that:
a high-strength foamed ceramic is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: a percent of construction waste, b percent of furnace slag, c percent of fly ash, d percent of bauxite, e percent of dolomite slag, f percent of polished brick waste slag, g percent of molybdenum oxide or tungsten oxide and the like, h percent of aluminum fluoride, wherein, a is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 90, b is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 80, c is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 80, d is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 50, e is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 50, f is more than 0 and less than or equal to 50, g is more than 0 and less than or equal to 40, h is more than 0 and less than or equal to 40.
Further, the high-strength foamed ceramic is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: a percent of construction waste, c percent of fly ash, d percent of bauxite, e percent of dolomite slag, f percent of polished tile waste residue, g percent of molybdenum oxide or tungsten oxide and the like, h percent of aluminum fluoride, wherein, a is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 90, c is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 80, d is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 30, e is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 50, f is more than 0 and less than or equal to 40, h is more than 0 and less than or equal to 40.
The invention also provides application of the high-strength foamed ceramic as a building thermal insulation material.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the high-strength foamed ceramic, which comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: respectively crushing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag and the polished tile waste residue by a crusher, sieving to obtain powder with a particle size of more than 50 meshes, and drying for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag, the molybdenum oxide or the tungsten oxide and the aluminum fluoride according to the proportion, and then mixing the components according to the powder: uniformly mixing water in a ratio of 1;
(3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 900-1700 ℃ at the speed of 0.1-30 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 0-48h to obtain the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a specific shape for use.
The invention also provides application of the high-strength foamed ceramic prepared by the method as a building thermal insulation material.
Further, the high-strength foamed ceramic is prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: a percent of construction waste, b percent of furnace slag, d percent of bauxite, e percent of dolomite slag, f percent of polished tile waste slag, g percent of molybdenum oxide or tungsten oxide and the like, h percent of aluminum fluoride, wherein, a is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 90, b is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 80, d is more than or equal to 0 and less than or equal to 50, e is more than 0 and less than or equal to 50, f is more than 0 and less than or equal to 40, h is more than 0 and less than or equal to 40.
The invention also provides the application of the high-strength foamed ceramic as a filter material. Treating sewage, etc., for example, removing oil stains from oil-contaminated water.
The invention also provides a method for preparing the high-strength foamed ceramic, which comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: respectively crushing the construction waste, the furnace slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag and the polished tile waste slag by a crusher, sieving to obtain powder with a particle size of more than 50 meshes, and drying for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the furnace slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag, the molybdenum oxide or the tungsten oxide and the aluminum fluoride according to the proportion, and then, according to the powder: uniformly mixing water in a ratio of 1;
(3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 800-1000 ℃ at the speed of 0.1-30 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 0.5-4h, then raising the temperature to 1050-1700 ℃ at the speed of 0.1-30 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 0-48h, and obtaining the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a specific shape for use.
The invention also provides application of the high-strength foamed ceramic prepared by the method as a filter material. Treating sewage, etc., for example, removing oil stains from oil-contaminated water.
The invention has the beneficial effects that:
1. the acicular mullite-reinforced foamed ceramic is synthesized in situ by using construction wastes, industrial solid wastes and the like as main raw materials, tungsten oxide, molybdenum oxide, aluminum fluoride and the like as auxiliary agents, dolomite slag, polished tile waste residues and the like as foaming agents. In the high-temperature sintering process, aluminum fluoride can induce the formation and growth of acicular mullite in situ, and auxiliaries such as tungsten oxide or molybdenum oxide can reduce the sintering temperature of the raw materials, promote the diffusion of high-temperature liquid phase substances and promote the growth of the acicular mullite. When the foam ceramic is subjected to external force, the embedded mullite whiskers have the effect of connecting ceramic particles, and meanwhile, the energy of the whiskers for falling off the ceramic particles is higher, so that the foam ceramic is prevented from being broken or fractured, and the aim of enhancing the mechanical strength of the foam ceramic is fulfilled.
2. The high-strength foamed ceramic can be used for respectively obtaining a building heat-insulating material with a closed-cell structure (shown in figure 1) and a separation membrane material with an open-cell structure (shown in figure 2) by adjusting the raw material ratio and the sintering process. The two types of foamed ceramics prepared by the invention can effectively improve the mechanical strength by more than 10 percent on the premise of not sacrificing the porosity.
3. The invention takes the construction waste and the like as raw materials, solves the problem that the construction waste is difficult to treat at present, changes waste into valuable and saves cost.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is an electron micrograph of a building insulation having a closed cell structure;
fig. 2 is an electron micrograph of a separation membrane material having an open pore structure.
Detailed Description
The present invention will be described in further detail with reference to examples, but the embodiments of the present invention are not limited thereto, and various substitutions and alterations can be made without departing from the technical idea of the present invention as described above, according to the common technical knowledge and the conventional means in the field.
Example 1:
a method of forming a high strength ceramic foam comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: crushing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like by a crusher, sieving to obtain 300-mesh powder, and drying at 80 ℃ for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag, the molybdenum oxide, the aluminum fluoride and the like according to the mass ratio of 50, 10, 5 and 5, and then mixing the materials according to the following powder: uniformly mixing water in a mass ratio of 1;
(3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 4h to obtain the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a specific shape for use.
Comparative example 1:
a method of foaming ceramic comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: crushing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like by a crusher, sieving to obtain 300-mesh powder, and drying at 80 ℃ for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like according to the mass ratio of 50, 10 and 10, and then according to the powder: uniformly mixing water in a mass ratio of 1;
(3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 1200 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 4h to obtain the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a specific shape for use.
And (3) testing mechanical strength: the compressive strength of the samples (GB/T50081-2019) was improved by 15% on average (the compressive strength of the foamed ceramic obtained in example 1 was 2.3MPa, and the compressive strength of the foamed ceramic obtained in comparative example 1 was 2.0 MPa) compared with that of the foamed ceramic obtained in comparative example 1, and the thermal conductivities (the thermal conductivity measured by the hot method) of the foamed ceramics obtained in example 1 and the foamed ceramic obtained in comparative example 1 were about 0.14 W.m- 1 ·k- 1 。
Example 2:
a method of forming a high strength ceramic foam comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: crushing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like by a crusher, sieving to obtain 200-mesh powder, and drying at 80 ℃ for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag, the molybdenum oxide, the aluminum fluoride and the like according to the mass ratio of 80, 3, 2, 4, 6, 2 and 3, and then according to the powder: uniformly mixing water in a mass ratio of 1;
(3) and (3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 1250 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 4h to obtain the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a specific shape for use.
Comparative example 2:
a method of forming a ceramic foam comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: crushing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like by a crusher, sieving to obtain 200-mesh powder, and drying at 80 ℃ for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like according to the mass ratio of 80, 3, 2, 4 and 6, and then according to the powder: uniformly mixing water in a mass ratio of 1;
(3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 1250 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 4h to obtain the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a specific shape for use.
And (3) testing mechanical strength: the compressive strength of the samples (GB/T50081-2019) was improved by 10% on average (2.5 MPa for the foamed ceramic obtained in example 2 and 2.3MPa for the foamed ceramic obtained in comparative example 2) and the thermal conductivities (the thermal conductivity measured by the hot method) of the two samples were about 0.15 W.m- 1 ·k- 1 。
Example 3:
a method of forming a high strength ceramic foam comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: crushing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like by a crusher, sieving to obtain 200-mesh powder, and drying at 80 ℃ for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag, the molybdenum oxide, the aluminum fluoride and the like according to the mass ratio of 20, 55, 10, 5, 2 and 3, and then mixing the materials according to the following powder: uniformly mixing water in a mass ratio of 1;
(3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 1300 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 3h to obtain the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a specific shape for use.
Comparative example 3:
a method of foaming ceramic comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: crushing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like by a crusher, sieving to obtain 200-mesh powder, and drying at 80 ℃ for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag, the molybdenum oxide, the aluminum fluoride and the like according to the mass ratio of 20, 55, 10, 5, 2 and 3, and then mixing the materials according to the following powder: uniformly mixing water in a mass ratio of 1;
(3) and (3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 1300 ℃ at the speed of 4 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 3h to obtain the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a specific shape for use.
And (3) testing mechanical strength: the compressive strength of the samples (GB/T50081-2019) of the foamed ceramics obtained in example 3 and that of the foamed ceramics obtained in comparative example 3 were respectively tested, the compressive strength of the foamed ceramics obtained in example 3 was increased by 11% on average compared with that of the foamed ceramics obtained in comparative example 4 (the compressive strength of the foamed ceramics obtained in example 3 was 1.9MPa, and that of the foamed ceramics obtained in comparative example 3 was 1.7 MPa), and the thermal conductivities (specifically, the thermal conductivity tested by the hotdisk method) of the foamed ceramics obtained in example 3 and the foamed ceramics obtained in comparative example 3 were about 0.13 W.m- 1 ·k- 1 。
Example 4:
a method of forming a high strength ceramic foam comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: crushing the construction waste, the furnace slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like by a crusher, sieving to obtain 200-mesh powder, and drying at 80 ℃ for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the furnace slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag, the molybdenum oxide, the aluminum fluoride and the like according to the mass ratio of 45, 5, 20, 10, 5 and 5, and then according to the powder: uniformly mixing water in a mass ratio of 1;
(3) and (3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature by 950 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 1h, and then keeping the temperature at 2 ℃/min to 1350 ℃ to obtain the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a flat membrane for later use.
Comparative example 4:
a method of foaming ceramic comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: crushing the construction waste, the furnace slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like by a crusher, sieving to obtain 200-mesh powder, and drying at 80 ℃ for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like according to the mass ratio of 45, 5, 20, 10 and 10, and then according to the powder: uniformly mixing water in a mass ratio of 1;
(3) and (3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature by 950 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving the temperature for 1h, and then keeping the temperature at 2 ℃/min to 1350 ℃ to obtain the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a flat membrane for later use.
And (3) testing mechanical strength: the compressive strength of the samples (GB/T50081-2019) of the foamed ceramics obtained in example 4 and that of the foamed ceramics obtained in comparative example 4 were respectively tested, and the compressive strength of the foamed ceramics obtained in example 4 was improved by 20% on average (the compressive strength of the foamed ceramics obtained in example 4 was 1.2MPa, and that of comparative example 4 was 1.0 MPa).
Treating oily sewage: the treated flat membrane is used for treating the oily sewage, the transmembrane pressure is 1.5bar, and the initial flux of the membrane is 7.68m 3 ·m -2 ·h -1 Meanwhile, after the flat membrane is treated by using 0.5% sodium hydroxide solution, the membrane permeation flux is about 5% higher than that before regeneration due to hydroxylation on the surface of the membrane (generally, the membrane permeation flux is reduced after regeneration).
Example 5:
a method of forming a high strength ceramic foam comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: crushing the construction waste, the furnace slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like by a crusher, sieving to obtain 400-mesh powder, and drying at 80 ℃ for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the furnace slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag, the molybdenum oxide, the aluminum fluoride and the like according to the mass ratio of 25, 10, 5, 15 and 10, and then mixing the materials according to the following powder: uniformly mixing water in a mass ratio of 1;
(3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature by 900 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 0.5h, then preserving the heat for 2h from 1 ℃/min to 1300 ℃, and obtaining the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a flat membrane for later use.
Comparative example 5:
a method of foaming ceramic comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: crushing the construction waste, the furnace slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like by a crusher, sieving to obtain 400-mesh powder, and drying at 80 ℃ for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like according to the mass ratio of 25, 10, 25, 10 and 5, and then according to the powder: uniformly mixing water in a mass ratio of 1;
(3) and (3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature by 900 ℃ at the speed of 3 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 0.5h, then preserving the heat for 2h from 1 ℃/min to 1300 ℃, and obtaining the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a flat membrane for later use.
And (3) testing mechanical strength: the compressive strength of the samples (GB/T50081-2019) of the foamed ceramics obtained in example 5 and the compressive strength of the samples obtained in comparative example 5 were respectively tested, and the compressive strength of the foamed ceramics obtained in example 5 was improved by 10% on average as compared with that of the foamed ceramics obtained in comparative example 5 (the compressive strength of the foamed ceramics obtained in example 5 was 1.1MPa, and that of the foamed ceramics obtained in comparative example 5 was 1.0 MPa).
Treating oily sewage: the treated flat membrane is used for treating oily sewage, the transmembrane pressure is 2bar, and the initial flux of the membrane is 9.87m 3 ·m -2 ·h -1 Meanwhile, after the flat membrane is treated by using 0.5% sodium hydroxide solution, the membrane permeation flux is about 3% higher than that before regeneration due to hydroxylation on the surface of the membrane (generally, the membrane permeation flux is reduced after regeneration).
Example 6:
a method of forming a high strength ceramic foam comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: crushing the construction waste, the furnace slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like by a crusher, sieving to obtain 500-mesh powder, and drying at 80 ℃ for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the furnace slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag, the molybdenum oxide, the aluminum fluoride and the like according to the mass ratio of 15, 10, 20, 10, 5, 20 and 20, and then mixing the materials according to the following powder: uniformly mixing water in a mass ratio of 1;
(3) and (3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature by 980 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 1.5h, then preserving the heat for 2h from 3 ℃/min to 1350 ℃, and obtaining the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a flat membrane for later use.
Comparative example 6:
a method of forming a ceramic foam comprising the steps of:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: crushing the construction waste, the furnace slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like by a crusher, sieving to obtain 500-mesh powder, and drying at 80 ℃ for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag and the like according to the mass ratio of 15, 10, 20, 10 and 5, and then according to the powder: uniformly mixing water in a mass ratio of 1;
(3) and (3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature by 980 ℃ at the speed of 5 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 1.5h, then preserving the heat for 2h from 3 ℃/min to 1350 ℃, and obtaining the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a flat membrane for later use.
And (3) testing mechanical strength: the compressive strength of the samples (GB/T50081-2019) of the foamed ceramics obtained in example 6 and that of the foamed ceramics obtained in comparative example 6 were respectively tested, and the compressive strength of the foamed ceramics obtained in example 6 was improved by 22% on average (the compressive strength of the foamed ceramics obtained in example 6 was 1.1MPa, and that of the foamed ceramics obtained in comparative example 6 was 0.9 MPa).
Treating oily sewage: the processed flat membrane is used for processing oily sewage, the transmembrane pressure is 1bar, and the initial flux of the membrane is 5.21m 3 ·m -2 ·h -1 Meanwhile, after the flat membrane is treated by using 0.5% sodium hydroxide solution, the membrane permeation flux is about 4% higher than that before regeneration due to hydroxylation on the surface of the membrane (generally, the membrane permeation flux is reduced after regeneration).
Although the embodiments have been described, once the basic inventive concept is obtained, the invention may be further modified and modified by those skilled in the art, so that the above description is only an embodiment of the present invention, and not intended to limit the scope of the invention, and all equivalent structures or equivalent flow changes made by using the contents of the specification and the drawings, or directly or indirectly applied to other related fields of the invention are included in the scope of the invention.
Claims (2)
1. The high-strength foamed ceramic is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: a percent of construction waste, c percent of fly ash, d percent of bauxite, e percent of dolomite slag, f percent of polished tile waste residue, g percent of molybdenum oxide or tungsten oxide and h percent of aluminum fluoride, wherein a is more than 0 and less than or equal to 90, c is more than 0 and less than or equal to 80, d is more than 0 and less than or equal to 30, e is more than 0 and less than or equal to 50, f is more than 0 and less than or equal to 50, g is more than 0 and less than or equal to 40, h is more than 0 and less than or equal to 40; the high-strength foamed ceramic has a closed cell structure and is applied as a building heat-insulating material; the method for preparing the high-strength foamed ceramic comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: respectively crushing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag and the polished tile waste residue by a crusher, sieving to obtain powder with the particle size of more than 50 meshes, and drying for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the fly ash, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag, the molybdenum oxide or the tungsten oxide and the aluminum fluoride according to the proportion, and then mixing the components according to the powder: uniformly mixing water in a ratio of 1 to 0.5, molding, and drying to obtain a ceramic blank for later use;
(3) and (3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 900-1700 ℃ at the speed of 0.1-30 ℃/min, and preserving the temperature for 0-48h to obtain the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a specific shape for use.
2. The high-strength foamed ceramic is characterized by being prepared from the following raw materials in percentage by mass: a percent of construction waste, b percent of furnace slag, d percent of bauxite, e percent of dolomite slag, f percent of polished tile waste slag, g percent of molybdenum oxide or tungsten oxide and h percent of aluminum fluoride, wherein a is more than 0 and less than or equal to 90, b is more than 0 and less than or equal to 80, d is more than 0 and less than or equal to 50, e is more than 0 and less than or equal to 50, f is more than 0 and less than or equal to 50, g is more than 0 and less than or equal to 40, h is more than 0 and less than or equal to 40; the high-strength foamed ceramic has an open-cell structure and is applied as a filter material; the preparation method of the high-strength foamed ceramic comprises the following steps:
(1) pretreatment of raw materials: respectively crushing the construction waste, the furnace slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag and the polished tile waste slag by a crusher, sieving to obtain powder with the particle size of more than 50 meshes, and drying for later use;
(2) mixing: uniformly mixing the construction waste, the furnace slag, the bauxite, the dolomite slag, the polished tile waste slag, the molybdenum oxide or the tungsten oxide and the aluminum fluoride according to the proportion, and then according to the powder: uniformly mixing water in a ratio of 1;
(3) and (3) firing: putting the ceramic blank into a muffle furnace, raising the temperature to 800-1000 ℃ at the speed of 0.1-30 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 0.5-4h, then raising the temperature to 1050-1700 ℃ at the speed of 0.1-30 ℃/min, preserving the heat for 0-48h, and obtaining the prepared foamed ceramic;
(4) cutting, polishing and forming: and cutting and polishing the fired foamed ceramic into a specific shape for use.
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