CN113997964B - Train drag increasing and reducing device based on vortex generator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides a train drag increasing and reducing device based on vortex generators, comprising: vortex generators, an even number of vortex generators are provided, and the even number of vortex generators are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the train, and the vortex generators The generators are respectively arranged on the head car and the tail car of the train, the vortex generators are arranged perpendicular to the car shell of the streamlined area of the train, the vortex generators are provided with a sliding control mechanism, and the vortex generators pass through the sliding control mechanism The lifting or shrinking is arranged at the car shell of the streamlined area of the train, and the vortex generator is provided with a rotating mechanism, and the rotating mechanism is used to adjust the angle between the vortex generator and the center line of the train. The invention can realize the resistance control of the rear car from the perspective of wake vortex control by weakening or enhancing the strength of the wake vortex. At the same time, the vortex generator installed in the head car can interrupt the streamline of the train and increase the resistance of the head car, thereby realizing the increase or decrease of the whole car. prevent coordinated control.

Description

Train drag increase and decrease device based on vortex generator

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of high-speed trains, in particular to a train resistance increasing and decreasing device based on a vortex generator.

Background technique

With the high speed of trains, some aerodynamic problems that exist when trains run at high speeds are also highlighted one by one. For example, the aerodynamic drag of a train is proportional to the square of the train speed. With the continuous increase of train speed, the proportion of aerodynamic resistance in the power required to drive the train is increasing. Therefore, it is necessary to study how to reduce the aerodynamic resistance of the train to reduce the energy consumption of the train. The existing train drag reduction technology schemes mainly focus on smoothing the train surface, such as streamlined trains with elongated heads, sunken pantographs, etc. However, the effects of this drag reduction scheme have gradually become saturated.

On the other hand, when the running speed of the train reaches 400km/h, the braking distance increases and the energy consumption required for braking increases, so it is urgent to develop auxiliary braking methods. Existing auxiliary braking methods such as wind resistance brake plates are difficult to accurately control resistance, and the instantaneous increase in resistance is too large, which easily causes discomfort to the human body, and the brake plates are easy to exceed the vehicle limit, which increases the maintenance work of the equipment.

Contents of the invention

The invention provides a train resistance increasing and reducing device based on a vortex generator, and its purpose is to provide a train drag increasing and reducing device which can realize drag reduction while the train is running and can also realize increasing resistance during braking.

In order to achieve the above object, an embodiment of the present invention provides a vortex generator-based train resistance increasing and reducing device, including:

Vortex generators, the vortex generators are provided with an even number, and the vortex generators of the even number are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the train, and the vortex generators are respectively arranged on the train head car and the train tail car, and the vortex generators The vortex generator is arranged perpendicular to the car shell of the streamlined area of the train, and the vortex generator is provided with a sliding control mechanism. The generator is provided with a rotating mechanism, and the rotating mechanism is used to adjust the angle between the vortex generator and the center line of the train.

Wherein, the head car and the tail car are both provided with four vortex generators.

Wherein, when the train drag increase and decrease device based on the vortex generator is in the drag reduction state, the vortex generator of the train head car is shrunk and arranged in the car shell of the streamlined area of the train; the vortex generator of the train tail car rises The vortex generator of the tail car of the train and the center line of the train have an angle of 50°.

Wherein, when the train resistance increasing and decreasing device based on the vortex generator is in the resistance increasing state, the vortex generator of the locomotive is raised and arranged outside the car shell of the streamlined area of the train, and the two sides located in front of the locomotive The included angle between one of the vortex generators and the center line of the train is -90°, and the angle between the two vortex generators positioned at the rear of the head train and the center line of the train is 90°; The generator is raised and arranged outside the car shell of the streamlined area of the train, and the included angle between the vortex generator of the tail car of the train and the center line of the train is -50°.

Wherein, the vortex generator is a triangular structure or a trapezoidal plate structure.

Wherein, the vortex generator is a right-angled trapezoidal plate structure, the maximum length of the base of the vortex generator is 0.65m, the maximum height of the vortex generator is 0.4m, and the acute angle of the vortex generator is 35° .

Wherein, the streamlined area car shell of the train is provided with a plurality of slots, and the vortex generator is slidably arranged in the slots.

Wherein, the sliding control mechanism includes: the lower support of the control device, the spoiler support, the electric motor, the ball screw and the upper support of the control device, and the upper support of the control device is arranged on the car shell in the streamlined area of the train The inner side of the control device lower support is fixedly arranged in the car shell of the streamlined area of the train, and both ends of the lower support of the control device are perpendicular to the car shell of the streamlined area of the train. The guide rail is connected to the upper support of the control device, the two ends of the spoiler support are slidably arranged on the two guide rails through linear bearings, the vortex generator is arranged on the spoiler support, The electric motor is installed on the lower support of the control device, the electric motor is connected to the ball screw through a coupling, and the ball screw is connected to the spoiler support through a ball nut.

Wherein, the rotating mechanism is provided with a rotating motor, the rotating motor is fixedly arranged on the spoiler support, the vortex generator is installed on the spoiler support through the rotating motor, the The rotating shaft of the rotating electrical machine is connected with the vortex generator through a coupling.

Wherein, a rubber sealing strip is movably arranged at the groove.

Said scheme of the present invention has following beneficial effect:

1. The present invention breaks through the traditional method of achieving train aerodynamic drag reduction by smoothing the shape and windage brake plate to increase drag, and proposes a method of weakening or enhancing the strength of the wake vortex to control the drag of the trailing car from the perspective of wake vortex control. The set vortex generator can also interrupt the streamline of the train when the leading car, increase the resistance of the leading car, and realize the coordinated control of the increase and decrease of the resistance of the whole vehicle.

2. The present invention can precisely control the resistance by controlling the angle of the vortex generator, so that the resistance can be slowly reduced or increased, and the comfort of the train can be improved.

3. The present invention simultaneously realizes drag reduction and drag increase functions through the vortex generator, reduces maintenance work, and conforms to vehicle limits.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the rear car of the train during the drag reduction operation of the train drag increasing and reducing device based on the vortex generator of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is the top view of the tail car of the train during the drag reduction operation of the train drag increasing and reducing device based on the vortex generator of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the schematic diagram of the structure of the tail car of the train during the resistance increasing operation of the train increasing and decreasing device based on the vortex generator of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is the top view of the tail car of the train during the resistance increasing operation of the train resistance increasing and reducing device based on the vortex generator of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the structure of the locomotive during the resistance-increasing operation of the train resistance-increasing and reducing device based on the vortex generator of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a top view of the locomotive during the resistance increasing operation of the train resistance increasing and reducing device based on the vortex generator of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is the structural representation of the vortex generator of the train resistance increasing and reducing device based on the vortex generator of the present invention;

Fig. 8 is a schematic diagram 1 of the sliding control mechanism and the rotating mechanism of the train drag increasing and reducing device based on the vortex generator of the present invention;

Fig. 9 is a second schematic diagram of the sliding control mechanism and the rotating mechanism of the train drag increasing and reducing device based on the vortex generator of the present invention.

[Description of Reference Signs]

1-vortex generator; 2-train head car; 3-train rear car; 4-train streamlined area car shell; 5-slot; 6-lower support of control device; 7-spoiler support; 8-electric motor ; 9 - ball screw; 10 - upper support of the control device; 11 - guide rail; 12 - rotating motor.

Detailed ways

In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and advantages to be solved by the present invention clearer, the following will describe in detail with reference to the drawings and specific embodiments.

Aiming at the problem that it is difficult to accurately control the resistance of a running train in the existing way, the invention provides a train resistance increasing and decreasing device based on a vortex generator.

As shown in Fig. 1, the embodiment of the present invention provides a kind of vortex generator-based train resistance increasing and reducing device, comprising: vortex generator 1, and described vortex generator 1 is provided with even number, and even number of said vortex generators The vortex generators 1 are arranged symmetrically on both sides of the train. The vortex generators 1 are respectively arranged on the train head car 2 and the train tail car 3. The vortex generators 1 are arranged perpendicular to the car shell 4 in the train streamlined area. The generator 1 is provided with a sliding control mechanism, and the vortex generator 1 is raised or contracted at the car shell 4 in the streamlined area of the train through the sliding control mechanism, and the vortex generator 1 is provided with a rotating mechanism, and the rotating mechanism It is used to adjust the angle between the vortex generator 1 and the center line of the train.

In the vortex generator-based train drag increasing and reducing device described in the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention, the rise or contraction of the vortex generator 1 is controlled by the sliding control mechanism, so that the vortex generator 1 is connected with the air when necessary. interaction, the rotation angle of the vortex generator 1 is controlled by the rotating mechanism, thereby adjusting the contact area between the vortex generator 1 and air and controlling the direction of air flow.

Wherein, the locomotive 2 and the locomotive 3 are both provided with four vortex generators 1 .

As shown in Figure 2, when the train drag increase and decrease device based on the vortex generator is in the drag reduction state, the vortex generator 1 of the locomotive 2 is shrunk and arranged in the streamlined area car shell 4 of the train; The vortex generator 1 of the tail car 3 rises and is arranged outside the car shell 4 in the streamlined area of the train, and the included angle between the vortex generator 1 of the tail car 3 and the center line of the train is 50°.

Wherein, when the train resistance increasing and reducing device based on the vortex generator is in the state of increasing resistance, the vortex generator 1 of the locomotive 2 rises and is arranged outside the train shell 4 in the streamlined area of the train, and is located in the locomotive 2. The included angle between the two vortex generators 1 at the front and the center line of the train is -90°, and the included angle between the two vortex generators 1 at the rear of the locomotive 2 and the center line of the train is 90°; The vortex generator 1 of the tail car 3 of the train is raised and arranged outside the shell 4 of the streamlined area of the train, and the angle between the vortex generator 1 of the tail car 3 of the train and the center line of the train is -50°.

In the train drag increase and decrease device based on the vortex generator described in the foregoing embodiments of the present invention, when the train is running with reduced drag, the vortex generator 1 of the train head car 2 is in a non-rising state, and the 3 vortex generators of the train tail car rise. And the angle with the center line of the train is increased from 0 degrees to 50 degrees, and the maximum drag reduction effect of the rear car aerodynamic resistance is 4%, as shown in Figure 1 and Figure 2. When the train increases resistance and brakes, the vortex generator 1 of the train tail car 3 is in a rising state, and rotates to a to be -50 degrees, and the aerodynamic resistance of the train tail car 3 is increased by 6%, as shown in Figure 3 and Figure 4; The vortex generator 1 of the locomotive 2 rises, a group of vortex generators 1 at the rear rotates until a is 90 degrees, and a group of vortex generators in the front rotates to -90 degrees, and the aerodynamic resistance of the locomotive 2 is increased by 19%. As shown in Figure 5 and Figure 6.

As shown in FIG. 7 , the vortex generator 1 is a triangular structure or a trapezoidal plate structure.

Wherein, the vortex generator 1 is a right-angled trapezoidal plate structure, the maximum length of the base of the vortex generator 1 is 0.65m, and the maximum height of the vortex generator 1 is 0.4m. The acute angle is 35°.

As shown in FIG. 8 and FIG. 9 , the car shell 4 in the streamlined area of the train is provided with a plurality of slots 5 , and the vortex generator 1 is slidably disposed in the slots 5 .

Wherein, the sliding control mechanism includes: the lower support 6 of the control device, the spoiler support 7, the electric motor 8, the ball screw 9 and the upper support 10 of the control device, and the upper support 10 of the control device is arranged on the The inner side of the car shell 4 in the streamlined area of the train, the lower support 6 of the control device is fixedly arranged in the car shell 4 in the streamlined area of the train, and the two ends of the lower support 6 of the control device are perpendicular to the streamlined area of the train The car shell 4 is provided with guide rails 11 outward, and the guide rails 11 are connected to the upper support 10 of the control device. The two ends of the spoiler support 7 are slidably arranged on the two guide rails 11 through linear bearings. The vortex generator 1 is arranged on the spoiler support 7, the electric motor 8 is installed on the lower support 6 of the control device, and the electric motor 8 is connected to the ball screw through a coupling 9. The ball screw 9 is in transmission connection with the spoiler support 7 through a ball nut.

Wherein, the rotating mechanism is provided with a rotating motor 12, and the rotating motor 12 is fixedly arranged on the spoiler support 7, and the vortex generator 1 is installed on the spoiler support through the rotating motor 12. On the seat 7, the rotating shaft of the rotating electrical machine 12 is connected to the vortex generator 1 through a coupling.

Wherein, the groove 5 is movably provided with a rubber sealing strip.

In the aerodynamic drag reduction device based on train wake vortex control described in the above embodiments of the present invention, when the vortex generator 1 needs to be stretched out, the electric motor 8 drives the ball screw 9 to rotate, and the ball nut drives the spoiler support 7 and the vortex generator 1 move upward along the guide rail 11, and the vortex generator 1 pushes the rubber sealing strip out from the groove 5 on the car shell 4 in the streamlined area at the end of the train. After reaching the designated position, the electric motor 8 stops, and the ball nut locks itself , the spoiler support 7 and the vortex generator 1 are locked in this position, and the vortex generator 1 can be driven to rotate by the rotating motor 12 . When the vortex generator 1 is unfolded and needs to be retracted, the rotating motor 12 will first drive the vortex generator 1 to rotate until it is flush with the groove 5, the electric motor 8 drives the ball screw 9 to rotate in the opposite direction, and the ball nut drives the spoiler The support 7 and the vortex generator 1 move downward along the guide rail 11, the rubber sealing strip automatically resets after the vortex generator 1 exits the groove 5, and the electric motor 8 stops after being fully retracted, the ball nut locks itself, the spoiler support 7 and the vortex Generator 1 is locked.

When the train is running at high speed, the surrounding air moves along the surface of the body, and flow separation occurs at the rear of the train, forming a pair of inwardly rotating vortices. The train wake vortex is one of the main sources of train aerodynamic resistance. The vortex generator in the present invention can generate a pair of vortices opposite to the train wake vortex during drag reduction operation, so as to weaken the train wake vortex intensity, thereby reducing the Small train aerodynamic drag. At the same time, the vortex generator has a blocking effect on the incoming flow, the positive pressure at the rear of the train increases, and the pressure difference resistance at the head and tail of the train decreases, thereby reducing the aerodynamic resistance; the invention can enhance the strength of the wake vortex when the resistance is increased. At the same time, it interrupts the streamline shape of the head of the train to increase resistance.

After wind tunnel test and numerical simulation verification, the device can achieve a drag reduction effect of 4%. The resistance increase effect is 19% for the head car and 6% for the rear car. The specific effects are shown in the table below.

The above description is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, it should be pointed out that for those of ordinary skill in the art, without departing from the principle of the present invention, some improvements and modifications can also be made, and these improvements and modifications can also be made. It should be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims (6)

1. A train increasing and reducing device based on vortex generator, is characterized in that, comprises: Vortex generators, the vortex generators are provided with an even number, and the vortex generators of the even number are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the train, and the vortex generators are respectively arranged on the train head car and the train tail car, and the vortex generators The vortex generator is arranged perpendicular to the car shell of the streamlined area of the train, and the vortex generator is provided with a sliding control mechanism. The generator is provided with a rotating mechanism, and the rotating mechanism is used to adjust the angle between the vortex generator and the center line of the train; the vortex generator is a triangular structure or a trapezoidal plate structure; When the train increasing and reducing device based on the vortex generator is in the drag reducing state, the vortex generator of the train head car is shrunk and arranged in the car shell of the streamlined area of the train; the vortex generator of the train tail car is raised and set Outside the car shell in the streamlined area of the train, the angle between the vortex generator of the tail car of the train and the center line of the train is 50°; When the train resistance increasing and reducing device based on the vortex generator is in the state of increasing resistance, the vortex generator of the locomotive is raised and arranged outside the car shell of the streamlined area of the train. The angle between the vortex generator and the center line of the train is -90°, and the angle between the two vortex generators positioned at the rear of the head car of the train and the center line of the train is 90°; It is arranged outside the car shell of the streamlined area of the train, and the angle between the vortex generator of the tail car of the train and the center line of the train is -50°; The sliding control mechanism includes: the lower support of the control device, the spoiler support, the electric motor, the ball screw and the upper support of the control device, and the upper support of the control device is arranged on the inner side of the car shell in the streamlined area of the train , the lower support of the control device is fixedly arranged in the car shell of the streamlined area of the train, and both ends of the lower support of the control device are perpendicular to the car shell of the streamlined area of the train. To the upper support of the control device, the two ends of the spoiler support are slidably arranged on the two guide rails through linear bearings, the vortex generator is arranged on the spoiler support, and the The electric motor is installed on the lower support of the control device, the electric motor is connected to the ball screw through a coupling, and the ball screw is connected to the spoiler support through a ball nut. 2. The train resistance increasing and reducing device based on vortex generators according to claim 1, characterized in that, four vortex generators are provided on the front car and the tail car of the train. 3. The train increasing and reducing device based on vortex generator according to claim 1, characterized in that, said vortex generator is a right-angled trapezoidal plate structure, and the maximum length of the base of said vortex generator is 0.65m, The maximum height of the vortex generator is 0.4m, and the acute angle of the vortex generator is 35°. 4. The train resistance increasing and reducing device based on vortex generators according to claim 1, characterized in that, the streamlined area car shell of the train is provided with a plurality of grooves, and the vortex generators are slidably arranged in the grooves . 5. The train increasing and reducing device based on vortex generator according to claim 4, characterized in that, the rotating mechanism is provided with a rotating motor, and the rotating motor is fixedly arranged on the spoiler support, so The vortex generator is installed on the spoiler support through the rotating motor, and the rotating shaft of the rotating motor is connected to the vortex generator through a coupling. 6. The vortex generator-based train resistance increasing and reducing device according to claim 4, characterized in that a rubber sealing strip is movably arranged at the groove.

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