CN113997126A

CN113997126A - Five-axis finishing impression processing equipment

Info

Publication number: CN113997126A
Application number: CN202111181766.0A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 胡勇; 卢健强; 龚伦勇; 胡永; 段权素
Original assignee: Shenzhen Ruishuo Technology Co ltd; Guangdong Engineering Polytechnic
Current assignee: Shenzhen Ruishuo Technology Co ltd; Guangdong Engineering Polytechnic
Priority date: 2021-10-11
Filing date: 2021-10-11
Publication date: 2022-02-01

Abstract

The invention discloses five-axis engraving and machining equipment which comprises a base and a machining platform, wherein a portal frame is arranged on the base; the processing platform is connected with the base through a Y-axis driving assembly; the gantry crane further comprises a lifting straight-swinging type feeding driving structure connected with a machining head, and the lifting straight-swinging type feeding driving structure is connected with the gantry through an X-axis driving assembly. The five-axis fine carving equipment provided by the invention can simplify the structure of a part near the processing head, is beneficial to the processing of the processing head on a workpiece from multiple angles and has no interference.

Description

Five-axis finishing impression processing equipment

Technical Field

The invention relates to the field of numerical control machines, in particular to five-axis fine carving processing equipment.

Background

The multi-axis linkage numerical control machine tool is a machine tool with high technological content and high precision and is specially used for processing complex curved surfaces, and the machine tool system has great influence on the industries of aviation, aerospace, military, scientific research, precision instruments, high-precision medical equipment and the like in one country. In addition, the multi-axis numerical control machine tool can also be used for the engraving and milling process of curved glass. At present, a plurality of multi-axis linkage numerical control machine tools are available, which can realize the linear movement of an X, Y, Z shaft and the axial rotation of A, B, C shaft. However, since the arrangement position of the axial motor such as A, B, C is not reasonable, the distance from the processing head is too close, so that the motor has the risk of interfering with the workpiece when the processing head swings, the processing range is limited, and the processing of complex workpieces is not facilitated.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide five-axis fine engraving processing equipment which can simplify the structure of a part near a processing head, is beneficial to processing a workpiece from multiple angles by the processing head and does not generate interference.

In order to achieve the purpose, the invention provides five-axis engraving and milling equipment which comprises a base and a processing platform, wherein a portal frame is arranged on the base; the processing platform is connected with the base through a Y-axis driving assembly; the gantry crane further comprises a lifting straight-swinging type feeding driving structure connected with a machining head, and the lifting straight-swinging type feeding driving structure is connected with the gantry through an X-axis driving assembly.

As a further improvement of the invention, the lifting straight pendulum type feed driving structure comprises a base connected with an X-axis driving assembly and a processing head mounting part matched with the processing head; the base is connected with a first sliding block and a second sliding block which are arranged in parallel in a sliding mode; the first sliding block and the second sliding block are respectively connected with a first driving device and a second driving device; one end of the second sliding block is hinged to one end of a swing arm, and the other end of the swing arm and one end of the first sliding block are hinged to two ends of the machining head installation portion respectively.

As a further improvement of the invention, the processing head mounting part comprises a rotary driving device and a processing head mounting seat which are mutually and rotatably connected, and the swing arm and the first sliding block are respectively hinged with two ends of the rotary driving device.

As a further improvement of the invention, a first slide rail structure is arranged between the base and the first sliding block and between the base and the second sliding block; the first slide rail structure comprises a strip-shaped track and a first slide block which are in sliding fit; the bar track sets up on the base, and first slider setting is on first sliding block and second sliding block.

As a further improvement of the present invention, both the first sliding block and the second sliding block are provided with at least two first sliding rail structures; each first sliding rail structure of the first sliding block is distributed on at least two non-parallel side surfaces of the first sliding block; the first sliding rail structures of the second sliding block are distributed on at least two non-parallel side surfaces of the second sliding block.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the first driving device includes a first driving motor and a first ball screw, which are linked with each other, the first ball screw is further in threaded fit with a first ball slider, and the first ball slider is arranged on the first sliding block; the second driving device comprises a second driving motor and a second ball screw which are linked with each other, a second ball sliding block is further in threaded fit with the second ball screw, and the second ball sliding block is arranged on the second sliding block.

As a further improvement of the invention, the base is provided with an upper matching surface and a side matching surface which respectively correspond to the top surface and the side surface of the gantry; the X-axis driving assembly comprises an X-axis driving mechanism and at least two second sliding rail structures; each second slide rail structure is respectively arranged between the upper matching surface of the base and the top surface of the portal frame and between the side matching surface of the base and the side surface of the portal frame; the X-axis driving mechanism is connected between the side matching surface of the base and the side surface of the portal frame.

As a further improvement of the present invention, the Y-axis driving assembly includes a Y-axis driving mechanism and a third slide rail structure; y axle actuating mechanism and third slide rail structure all install between processing platform and base.

As a further improvement of the invention, the base is provided with a machining head replacing mechanism; the machining head replacing mechanism comprises a mechanism base, a support is arranged on the mechanism base, and the support is connected with a machining head placing disc through a rotating motor; the mechanism base is connected with the base through the translation mechanism.

Advantageous effects

Compared with the prior art, the five-axis finishing impression processing equipment has the advantages that:

1. when the first driving device and the second driving device drive the first sliding block and the second sliding block to synchronously move in the same direction, the machining head mounting part only makes linear translation, and at the moment, the machining head makes linear feeding motion. When the first driving device and the second driving device are different in driving speed or direction, the first sliding block and the second sliding block can be dislocated, the swing arm is utilized to enable the machining head to swing at a certain angle, and bent or other complex parts on the workpiece can be machined. Because the driving device driving the machining head to swing is far away from the machining head, the machining head is not easy to interfere with a workpiece in the swinging process, and can machine curved surfaces and structures with complex shapes. (ii) a

2. The processing head installation part comprises a rotary driving device and a processing head installation seat which are connected in a rotating mode, the processing head is installed on the processing head installation seat, the rotary driving device drives the processing head installation part to rotate, and the rotary freedom degree of the processing head is increased.

3. Each first slide rail structure of first sliding block distributes on two at least non-parallel sides of first sliding block, is favorable to reducing the shake of first sliding block each direction, and the removal and the processing of processing head are more accurate, are favorable to improving the size precision after the work piece processing.

4. The detection of the movement displacement is realized by a high-precision absolute grating ruler and an angle encoder, and the high-precision control of the displacement is realized.

5. Each second slide rail structure of the X-axis drive assembly is respectively arranged between the upper matching surface of the base and the top surface of the portal frame and between the side matching surface of the base and the side surface of the portal frame, and the second slide rail structures are arranged on the matching surfaces which are mutually angled because the upper matching surface and the side matching surface of the base are mutually angled, so that the shaking of the base in each direction is favorably reduced, and the moving and machining accuracy of the machining head is further improved.

6. The machining head replacing mechanism enables the machining head placing disc to be close to the machining head mounting seat of the machining head mounting portion through the translation mechanism, the corresponding machining head on the machining head placing disc is rotated to the position below the machining head mounting seat through the rotating motor, the machining head can be replaced, and the automation degree is high.

The invention will become more apparent from the following description when taken in conjunction with the accompanying drawings, which illustrate embodiments of the invention.

Drawings

In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments or the prior art will be briefly described below, it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and for those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.

FIG. 1 is a perspective view of a five-axis engraving and milling machine;

FIG. 2 is a left side view of a five-axis engraving and milling apparatus;

FIG. 3 is a front view of a five-axis engraving and milling apparatus;

fig. 4 is an enlarged perspective view of the machining head replacement mechanism;

FIG. 5 is a perspective view of a vertical swing type feed driving structure;

FIG. 6 is a perspective view of the lift pendulum feed drive configuration with the base removed;

FIG. 7 is a front view of the lift pendulum feed drive configuration with the base removed;

FIG. 8 is a left side view of the lift pendulum feed drive configuration with the base removed;

fig. 9 is a top view of the vertical pendulum feed drive structure with the base removed.

Detailed Description

Embodiments of the present invention will now be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

Examples

Detailed description of the inventionas shown in fig. 1 to 9, a five-axis finishing impression processing device includes a base 10 and a processing platform 11, wherein the processing platform 11 is used for fixing a component to be processed. The base 10 is provided with a portal frame 12. The processing platform 11 is connected with the base 10 through a Y-axis driving assembly. The five-axis engraving and milling equipment further comprises a lifting straight-swinging type feed driving structure connected with the milling head 5, and the lifting straight-swinging type feed driving structure is connected with the portal frame 12 through an X-axis drive assembly.

The lifting straight pendulum type feed driving structure comprises a base 1 connected with an X-axis driving assembly and a machining head installation part 7 matched with a machining head 5. A first sliding block 2 and a second sliding block 3 which are arranged in parallel are connected on the base 1 in a sliding way. A first drive 6 and a second drive 8 are connected to both the first slider 2 and the second slider 3, respectively. One end of the second sliding block 3 is hinged with one end of a swing arm 4, and the other end of the swing arm 4 is hinged with two ends of the machining head installation part 7 respectively with one end of the first sliding block 2. In this embodiment, the first slider 2 and the second slider 3 both slide up and down with respect to the base 1. The base 1 is a saddle box, the first slide block 2 and the second slide block 3 are arranged on the inner side of the saddle box, and the processing head 5 is exposed from an opening at the lower end of the saddle box. The base 1 is raised and lowered along the Z-axis when raised and lowered.

The processing head mounting section 7 includes a rotation driving device 72 and a processing head mounting base 71 rotatably connected to each other, and the rotation driving device 72 is a rotation motor. The swing arm 4 and the first sliding block 2 are respectively hinged with two ends of the rotary driving device 72. The machining head 5 is mounted on a machining head mount 71 of the machining head mounting portion 7. In this embodiment, the machining head 5 is inserted into a through hole in the middle of the machining head mount 71.

A first sliding rail structure 9 is arranged between the base 1 and the first sliding block 2 and between the base 1 and the second sliding block 3. In this embodiment, the first slide rail structure 9 includes a strip-shaped rail 91 and a first slider 92 which are slidably fitted. The bar-shaped rail 91 is provided on the base 1, and the first slider 92 is provided on the first slider 2 and the second slider 3.

Both the first sliding block 2 and the second sliding block 3 are provided with at least two first sliding rail structures 9. The first track structures 9 of the first slider 2 are distributed on at least two non-parallel sides of the first slider 2. The first track structures 9 of the second slider 3 are distributed on at least two non-parallel sides of the second slider 3. In this embodiment, the first rail structures 9 are located on the side surfaces and the back surfaces of the first slider 2 and the second slider 3.

The first driving device 6 comprises a first driving motor 63 and a first ball screw 62 which are linked, a first ball slide block 61 is further in threaded fit with the first ball screw 62, and the first ball slide block 61 is arranged on the first slide block 2. The second driving device 8 comprises a second driving motor 83 and a second ball screw 82 which are linked, a second ball sliding block 81 is further in threaded fit with the second ball screw 82, and the second ball sliding block 81 is arranged on the second sliding block 3. Wherein the first drive motor 63 and the second drive motor 83 are both mounted above the base 1 away from the machining head 5. The first ball screw 62 and the second ball screw 82 are both vertically arranged, and are rotatably connected with the base 1 through bearings.

And grating rulers are arranged between the base 1 and the first sliding block 2 and between the base 1 and the second sliding block 3. An angle encoder is provided between the rotation driving device 72 and the machining head mount 71.

In operation, when the first driving device 6 and the second driving device 8 respectively drive the first slider 2 and the second slider 3 to synchronously move in the same direction, the processing head installation part 7 only makes linear translation, and the processing head 5 makes linear feeding motion. When the driving speeds or directions of the first driving device 6 and the second driving device 8 are different, the first sliding block 2 and the second sliding block 3 can be vertically staggered, and the swing arm 4 is utilized to enable the machining head 1 to swing at a certain angle, so that a bent or other complex part on a workpiece can be machined. Because the driving device driving the processing head 5 to swing is far away from the processing head, the interference between the processing head 5 and a workpiece is not easy to occur in the swinging process, and the curved surface and the structure with a complex shape can be processed. The processing head mounting part 7 comprises a rotation driving device 72 and a processing head mounting seat 71 which are rotatably connected with each other, the processing head 5 is mounted on the processing head mounting seat 71, the rotation driving device 72 drives the processing head mounting part 71 to rotate, the rotation freedom degree of the processing head is increased, and the processing head 5 has two rotation direction freedom degrees.

The base 1 is provided with an upper mating surface and a side mating surface which correspond to the top surface and the side surface of the portal frame 12, respectively. The X-axis drive assembly includes an X-axis drive mechanism 16 and at least two second slide rail structures 15. The second slide rail structures 15 are respectively arranged between the upper matching surface of the base 1 and the top surface of the portal frame 12 and between the side matching surface of the base 1 and the side surface of the portal frame 12. The X-axis driving mechanisms 16 are two and are connected between the side matching surface of the base 1 and the side surface of the portal frame 12. In this embodiment, a second slide rail structure 15 is disposed between the upper mating surface of the base 1 and the top surface of the gantry 12, and two second slide rail structures 15 are disposed between the side mating surface of the base 1 and the side surface of the gantry 12, as shown in fig. 2.

The Y-axis drive assembly includes a Y-axis drive mechanism 14 and a third slide rail structure 13. The Y-axis driving mechanism 14 and the third slide rail structure 13 are both installed between the processing platform 11 and the base 10. Grating rulers are arranged between the base 1 and the portal frame 12 and between the processing platform 11 and the base 10.

The base 10 is provided with a machining head replacement mechanism 17. The processing head replacing mechanism 17 includes a mechanism base 21, a support 18 is provided on the mechanism base 21, and a processing head placing disk 20 is connected to the support 18 through a rotating motor 19. The mechanism base 21 is connected to the base 10 by a translation mechanism. The translation mechanism comprises a translation drive 22 and a fourth slide rail structure 23. The translation drive 22 and the fourth slide rail structure 23 are both connected between the base 10 and the mechanism base 21. The plate 20 is placed to the processing head level, and its rotation axis is vertical to be arranged, and the outside edge that the plate 20 was placed to the processing head is equipped with a plurality of draw-in grooves, and the draw-in groove cooperates with the 5 joint of processing heads of a plurality of models. When the machining head 5 needs to be replaced, the machining head replacement mechanism 17 enables the machining head placing disc 20 to be close to the machining head mounting seat 71 of the machining head mounting part 7 through the translation mechanism, the corresponding machining head 5 on the machining head placing disc 20 is rotated to the position below the machining head mounting seat 71 through the rotating motor 19, the machining head mounting seat 71 is made to ascend and descend, the upper portion of the machining head 5 is inserted into a mounting hole formed in the machining head mounting seat 71, the machining head can be replaced, and the automation degree is high.

The structures of the second slide rail structure 15, the third slide rail structure 13 and the fourth slide rail structure 23 are the same as the structure of the first slide rail structure 9.

The present invention has been described in connection with the preferred embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the embodiments disclosed above, and is intended to cover various modifications, equivalent combinations, which are made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention.

Claims

1. A five-axis fine carving processing device comprises a base (10) and a processing platform (11), and is characterized in that a portal frame (12) is arranged on the base (10); the processing platform (11) is connected with the base (10) through a Y-axis drive assembly; the device also comprises a lifting straight-swinging type feed driving structure connected with a processing head (5), and the lifting straight-swinging type feed driving structure is connected with the portal frame (12) through an X-axis drive assembly.

2. The five-axis finishing impression processing device of claim 1, characterized in that the lifting straight pendulum type feed driving structure comprises a base (1) connected with an X-axis driving assembly, and further comprises a processing head mounting part (7) matched with the processing head (5); a first sliding block (2) and a second sliding block (3) which are arranged in parallel are connected on the base (1) in a sliding way; the first sliding block (2) and the second sliding block (3) are respectively connected with a first driving device (6) and a second driving device (8); one end of the second sliding block (3) is hinged with one end of a swing arm (4), and the other end of the swing arm (4) is hinged with two ends of the machining head installation part (7) respectively with one end of the first sliding block (2).

3. The five-axis engraving and milling device as claimed in claim 2, wherein the processing head mounting part (7) comprises a rotary driving device (72) and a processing head mounting seat (71) which are rotatably connected with each other, and the swing arm (4) and the first slide block (2) are respectively hinged with two ends of the rotary driving device (72).

4. The five-axis fine engraving and processing equipment as claimed in claim 2, wherein a first sliding rail structure (9) is arranged between the base (1) and the first sliding block (2) and between the base (1) and the second sliding block (3); the first sliding rail structure (9) comprises a strip-shaped rail (91) and a first sliding block (92) which are in sliding fit; the strip-shaped track (91) is arranged on the base (1), and the first sliding block (92) is arranged on the first sliding block (2) and the second sliding block (3).

5. A five-axis finishing impression device according to claim 4, characterized in that the first sliding block (2) and the second sliding block (3) are both provided with at least two first sliding rail structures (9); each first sliding rail structure (9) of the first sliding block (2) is distributed on at least two non-parallel side surfaces of the first sliding block (2); the first sliding rail structures (9) of the second sliding block (3) are distributed on at least two non-parallel side surfaces of the second sliding block (3).

6. The five-axis engraving and milling equipment according to claim 2, wherein the first driving device (6) comprises a first driving motor (63) and a first ball screw (62) which are linked, a first ball slide block (61) is further in threaded fit with the first ball screw (62), and the first ball slide block (61) is arranged on the first slide block (2); the second driving device (8) comprises a second driving motor (83) and a second ball screw (82) which are linked with each other, a second ball sliding block (81) is further in threaded fit with the second ball screw (82), and the second ball sliding block (81) is arranged on the second sliding block (3).

7. The five-axis engraving and milling device according to claim 1, wherein the base (1) is provided with an upper matching surface and a side matching surface which correspond to the top surface and the side surface of the portal frame (12) respectively; the X-axis driving assembly comprises an X-axis driving mechanism (16) and at least two second sliding rail structures (15); each second slide rail structure (15) is respectively arranged between the upper matching surface of the base (1) and the top surface of the portal frame (12) and between the side matching surface of the base (1) and the side surface of the portal frame (12); the X-axis driving mechanism (16) is connected between the side matching surface of the base (1) and the side surface of the portal frame (12).

8. The five-axis finishing impression machine of claim 1, characterized in that the Y-axis drive assembly comprises a Y-axis drive mechanism (14) and a third slide rail structure (13); the Y-axis driving mechanism (14) and the third sliding rail structure (13) are both arranged between the processing platform (11) and the base (10).

9. The five-axis engraving and milling device as claimed in claim 1, wherein the base (10) is provided with a processing head replacing mechanism 1 (17); the machining head replacing mechanism 1(17) comprises a mechanism base (21), a support (18) is arranged on the mechanism base (21), and the support (18) is connected with a machining head placing disc (20) through a rotating motor (19); the mechanism base (21) is connected with the base (10) through a translation mechanism.