CN113983474A - A device system and method for sludge drying and incineration power generation - Google Patents
A device system and method for sludge drying and incineration power generation Download PDFInfo
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- CN113983474A CN113983474A CN202111264771.8A CN202111264771A CN113983474A CN 113983474 A CN113983474 A CN 113983474A CN 202111264771 A CN202111264771 A CN 202111264771A CN 113983474 A CN113983474 A CN 113983474A
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/001—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals for sludges or waste products from water treatment installations
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- C—CHEMISTRY; METALLURGY
- C02—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F—TREATMENT OF WATER, WASTE WATER, SEWAGE, OR SLUDGE
- C02F11/00—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor
- C02F11/12—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening
- C02F11/13—Treatment of sludge; Devices therefor by de-watering, drying or thickening by heating
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F01—MACHINES OR ENGINES IN GENERAL; ENGINE PLANTS IN GENERAL; STEAM ENGINES
- F01D—NON-POSITIVE DISPLACEMENT MACHINES OR ENGINES, e.g. STEAM TURBINES
- F01D15/00—Adaptations of machines or engines for special use; Combinations of engines with devices driven thereby
- F01D15/10—Adaptations for driving, or combinations with, electric generators
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22B—METHODS OF STEAM GENERATION; STEAM BOILERS
- F22B33/00—Steam-generation plants, e.g. comprising steam boilers of different types in mutual association
- F22B33/18—Combinations of steam boilers with other apparatus
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F22—STEAM GENERATION
- F22D—PREHEATING, OR ACCUMULATING PREHEATED, FEED-WATER FOR STEAM GENERATION; FEED-WATER SUPPLY FOR STEAM GENERATION; CONTROLLING WATER LEVEL FOR STEAM GENERATION; AUXILIARY DEVICES FOR PROMOTING WATER CIRCULATION WITHIN STEAM BOILERS
- F22D1/00—Feed-water heaters, i.e. economisers or like preheaters
- F22D1/36—Water and air preheating systems
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/02—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment
- F23G5/04—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor with pretreatment drying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G5/00—Incineration of waste; Incinerator constructions; Details, accessories or control therefor
- F23G5/44—Details; Accessories
- F23G5/46—Recuperation of heat
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/10—Waste heat recuperation reintroducing the heat in the same process, e.g. for predrying
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- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G2206/00—Waste heat recuperation
- F23G2206/20—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation
- F23G2206/203—Waste heat recuperation using the heat in association with another installation with a power/heat generating installation
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- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E20/00—Combustion technologies with mitigation potential
- Y02E20/12—Heat utilisation in combustion or incineration of waste
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Abstract
The invention provides a device system and a method for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge, wherein the device system comprises an incinerator, an air preheating device, a waste heat boiler, a back pressure steam turbine, a primary warm air device, a sludge drying device and a secondary warm air device which are sequentially connected, wherein the back pressure steam turbine is connected with a generator; according to the method, the air entering the incinerator is sequentially heated by the primary air heating device, the secondary air heating device and the air preheating device, so that the energy gradient utilization is realized, and the energy utilization efficiency of the sludge drying incineration power generation device system is improved. The device system adopts the primary warm air device to recycle the heat of steam at the outlet of the steam turbine and adopts the secondary warm air device to recycle the heat of condensed water generated by the sludge drying device, thereby greatly improving the energy utilization efficiency of the device system and having obvious energy-saving effect.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of sludge treatment, in particular to a device system and a method for generating power by sludge drying and incineration.
Background
The yield of the sludge is increased year by year, but the sludge treatment means is laggard, and the sludge contains pathogenic microorganisms, parasitic ova, toxic and harmful heavy metals and a large amount of refractory substances, so that secondary pollution is brought to water, soil and atmosphere, and the ecological environment is seriously threatened.
The traditional sludge treatment methods comprise landfill, composting, sea reclamation, incineration and the like. Improper landfill treatment may cause pollution of soil and underground water, and large land occupation may further aggravate shortage of land resources; the sludge has complex components and more harmful substances, so that the sludge composting is difficult to apply in practice, the sea filling of the sludge can cause harm to marine organisms, and the marine environment is seriously polluted; the sludge incineration is the most 'thorough' sludge treatment mode, not only has high treatment speed, but also has high reduction degree, can recycle energy, and is a relatively feasible sludge treatment mode.
CN110068013A discloses a sludge deep dehydration and incineration power generation system, which comprises a membrane filter press and a sludge deep dehydration device, wherein the membrane filter press is suitable for deep dehydration of sludge; the steam disc dryer is suitable for drying the sludge; the spiral conveyor is suitable for conveying dried sludge; the incinerator is suitable for drying and incinerating the sludge; the waste heat boiler is suitable for absorbing the heat of high-temperature waste gas in the incinerator; the discharge port of the membrane filter press is connected with the feed port of the steam disc dryer, the discharge port of the steam disc dryer is connected with the feed port of the screw conveyer, the outlet of the screw conveyer is connected with the feed port of the incinerator, and the smoke outlet of the incinerator is connected with the smoke inlet of the waste heat boiler. However, the sludge deep-dehydration, drying, incineration and power generation system directly uses the flue gas at the tail part of the incinerator as the inlet gas of the waste heat boiler, and the heat energy utilization efficiency of the system is low.
CN208108126U discloses a household garbage incineration power generation and sludge drying treatment system, which takes low-pressure steam extraction steam of a steam turbine generator unit of the household garbage incineration power generation system as a heat source to carry out drying treatment on sludge; mixing and incinerating the sludge after the drying treatment and the household garbage to generate power: the odor and the waste water generated in the sludge drying process and the smoke and the ash generated in the sludge burning process are jointly treated by the waste water, the waste gas and the waste residue pollution prevention and control facility of the household garbage burning power generation system. The treatment system utilizes the domestic waste incineration power generation to treat the sludge in a synergic manner, achieves the effects of reduction, disinfection, sterilization and deodorization in the drying process, meets the harmless requirement of sludge treatment, and truly realizes the reduction and recycling of the sludge under the premise. However, the household garbage incineration power generation and sludge drying treatment system directly adopts the low-pressure extraction steam of the steam turbine generator unit of the household garbage incineration power generation system as a heat source to carry out drying treatment on the sludge, and the heat utilization efficiency of the low-pressure extraction steam is low.
CN207797071U discloses a sludge drying incineration treatment facility, is applied to the burning main factory building of msw incineration power plant, and sludge drying incineration treatment facility includes sludge storage device, sludge drying device, sludge incineration device and heat energy power generation facility. The sludge storage device is connected with the sludge drying device through the sludge conveying device, and the sludge drying device is connected with the sludge incineration device through the sludge conveying device. The sludge incineration device is coupled with the heat energy power generation device. The wet sludge to be treated is sent out from the sludge storage device, dried by the sludge drying device and then sent into the sludge burning device for burning, the generated high-temperature flue gas is supplied to the heat energy power generation device, and the heat energy power generation device provides power for the sludge drying device. However, the high-temperature flue gas generated in the sludge drying and incineration treatment equipment is directly supplied to the heat energy power generation device, and the heat energy utilization efficiency of the system is low.
Therefore, the development of the device system and the method for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge has important significance in realizing the gradient utilization of energy and improving the energy utilization efficiency of the system of the power generation device by drying and incinerating sludge.
Disclosure of Invention
In view of the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device system and a method for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
in a first aspect, the invention provides a device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge, which comprises an incinerator, an air preheating device, a waste heat boiler, a back pressure steam turbine, a primary warm air device, a sludge drying device and a secondary warm air device which are sequentially connected, wherein the back pressure steam turbine is connected with a generator.
According to the device system, high-temperature flue gas generated by incineration of dried sludge enters a high-temperature high-pressure steam generated by a waste heat boiler, and then the high-temperature high-pressure steam enters a back pressure steam turbine to drive a generator to generate electricity, so that the heat value part of the dried sludge is converted into clean electric energy, and the high-efficiency utilization of the energy in the sludge is realized; the steam discharged after the high-temperature and high-pressure steam is generated by the back pressure steam turbine is high-quality steam, the air entering the incinerator is heated in the primary warm air device, the heat absorption capacity of the air required by sludge incineration in the air preheating device can be reduced, the steam after the air is heated enters the sludge drying device to dry wet sludge, and the energy utilization efficiency of the sludge drying incineration power generation device system can be greatly improved; the condensed water formed by the heat release and condensation of the steam in the sludge drying device is a low-quality heat source, and the air entering the incinerator is further heated in the secondary warm air device by utilizing the condensed water, so that the heat absorption capacity of the air required by sludge incineration in the air preheating device can be reduced again, the energy gradient utilization is realized, and the energy utilization efficiency of the sludge drying incineration power generation device system is improved.
The device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge preferably aims to ensure independent self-sustaining incineration of the dried sludge, so that the application range of the device system to the dried sludge can be effectively improved after the air preheating device is added, and the dried sludge with lower heat value can be incinerated.
Compared with the common condensing steam turbine or extraction steam turbine, the back pressure steam turbine has the advantage that the exhaust gas at the outlet is supersaturated steam, and the steam discharged after the back pressure steam turbine generates electricity can be directly used as the drying steam of the sludge drying system.
The air preheating device is a high-temperature air preheating device, and can realize effective heat exchange between flue gas with the temperature of 895-905 ℃ and primary air with the temperature of 205-215 ℃ generated by the incinerator. Compared with the prior art that the air preheating device is arranged behind the waste heat boiler, the air preheating device provided by the invention can provide higher temperature of air entering the incinerator and improve the safety and stability of independent sludge incineration of the incinerator, and the main reasons are that the temperature of flue gas at the outlet of the incinerator is 895-905 ℃, the temperature of flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler is only 170-200 ℃, the temperature of primary air at the outlet of a primary warm air device needing heat exchange is 205-215 ℃, the temperature of flue gas at the outlet of the incinerator is higher, and the temperature of the primary air can be directly continuously heated to more than 400 ℃, so that the heat entering the incinerator is improved, and the safety and stability of independent sludge incineration of the incinerator are ensured.
Preferably, the sludge drying device is connected with the incinerator through a first sludge pipeline.
Preferably, the sludge drying device is connected with the secondary heating device through a first condensed water pipeline.
The condensed water at the outlet of the sludge drying device can also be used for heating wet sludge in the sludge supply device, thereby reducing the steam amount required by the sludge drying device and improving the sludge drying efficiency of the sludge drying device.
Preferably, the secondary heating device is connected with the primary heating device through a first air pipeline.
Preferably, the primary air heater is connected with the air preheating device through a second air pipeline.
Preferably, the air preheating device is connected to the incinerator through a third air duct.
Preferably, the plant system further comprises a sludge supply and an air supply.
The sludge supply device comprises a closed sludge storage bin and a plunger pump, and sludge with high water content is pumped to an inlet of the sludge drying device through the plunger pump.
Preferably, the sludge supply device is connected with the sludge drying device through a second sludge pipeline.
Preferably, the sludge drying device is connected with the sludge supply device through a first condensed water pipeline.
Preferably, the air supply device is connected with the secondary heating device through a fourth air pipeline.
Preferably, the secondary heating device is connected with the waste heat boiler through a second condensed water pipeline.
Preferably, the waste heat boiler comprises a flue gas exhaust duct.
The flue gas generated by the waste heat boiler is treated by the flue gas purification system and is discharged from the flue gas discharge pipeline after reaching the standard.
In a second aspect, the invention further provides a method for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge, which is performed by using the device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge described in the first aspect.
The method of the invention sequentially heats the air entering the incinerator by the condensed water of the sludge drying device, the steam at the outlet of the back pressure steam turbine and the air preheating device, thereby realizing the energy gradient utilization and improving the energy utilization efficiency of the sludge drying and incinerating power generation device system.
Preferably, the method comprises the steps of:
flue gas generated by the incinerator performs first heat exchange with primary air at an outlet of a primary air heater in an air preheating device, and the flue gas enters a waste heat boiler to heat boiler feed water after the first heat exchange; saturated steam generated by the waste heat boiler enters a back pressure steam turbine to do work and drive a generator to generate electricity; steam at the outlet of the steam turbine performs second heat exchange with secondary air at the outlet of the secondary air heating device in the primary air heating device, and the steam enters the sludge drying device to dry sludge after the second heat exchange; condensed water generated by the sludge drying device enters the secondary air heating device to heat air, and then enters the waste heat boiler.
Preferably, the flue gas temperature is 895-905 ℃, for example, 895 ℃, 897 ℃, 899 ℃, 900 ℃, 902 ℃, 904 ℃ or 905 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the primary air is 205-215 ℃, for example, 205 ℃, 207 ℃, 209 ℃, 210 ℃, 211 ℃, 213 ℃ or 215 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the steam turbine outlet steam is 230 to 240 ℃, for example, 230 ℃, 231 ℃, 235 ℃, 237 ℃, 239 ℃ or 240 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the secondary air is 55-65 ℃, for example, 55 ℃, 56 ℃, 57 ℃, 59 ℃, 60 ℃, 63 ℃ or 65 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the steam after the second heat exchange is 165-175 ℃, for example 165 ℃, 167 ℃, 169 ℃, 170 ℃, 172 ℃, 174 ℃ or 175 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the condensed water is 105-115 ℃, for example, 105 ℃, 107 ℃, 109 ℃, 110 ℃, 112 ℃, 114 ℃ or 115 ℃.
Preferably, the temperature of the air is 10 to 35 ℃, for example, 10 ℃, 12 ℃, 15 ℃, 17 ℃, 20 ℃, 25 ℃ or 35 ℃.
Preferably, the water content of the sludge entering the sludge drying device is 75-85%, for example, 75%, 77%, 79%, 80%, 82% or 85%.
Preferably, the water content of the sludge at the outlet of the sludge drying device is 35% to 45%, for example, 35%, 38%, 40%, 43% or 45%.
As a preferred technical scheme of the invention, the method comprises the following steps:
flue gas with the temperature of 895-905 ℃ generated by the incinerator performs first heat exchange with primary air with the temperature of 205-215 ℃ at an outlet of a primary air heater in an air preheating device, and the flue gas enters a waste heat boiler to heat boiler feed water after the first heat exchange; saturated steam generated by the waste heat boiler enters a back pressure steam turbine to do work and drive a generator to generate electricity; steam at the outlet of the steam turbine with the temperature of 230-240 ℃ performs second heat exchange with secondary air at the outlet of the secondary air heating device with the temperature of 55-65 ℃ in the primary air heating device, and the steam after the second heat exchange with the temperature of 165-175 ℃ enters a sludge drying device to dry sludge with the water content of 75-85% into outlet sludge with the water content of 35-45%; condensed water with the temperature of 105-115 ℃ generated by the sludge drying device enters the secondary air heating device to heat air with the temperature of 10-35 ℃ and then enters the waste heat boiler.
The recitation of numerical ranges herein includes not only the above-recited values, but also any values between any of the above-recited numerical ranges not recited, and for brevity and clarity, is not intended to be exhaustive of the specific values encompassed within the range.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has at least the following beneficial effects:
(1) the device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge converts the heat value part of the dried sludge into clean electric energy, thereby realizing the high-efficiency utilization of energy in the sludge;
(2) the device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge provided by the invention adopts the primary warm air device to recycle the heat of steam at the outlet of the steam turbine and adopts the secondary warm air device to recycle the heat of condensed water generated by the sludge drying device, thereby greatly improving the energy utilization efficiency of the device system and having obvious energy-saving effect.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a sludge drying and incinerating power generation device system provided by the invention.
In the figure: 1-an incinerator; 2-an air preheating device; 3, a waste heat boiler; 4-back pressure turbine; 5-first-level warm air device; 6-a sludge drying device; 7-a secondary warm air device; 8-a generator; 9-a second sludge conduit; 10-a third air duct; 11-a first sludge conduit; 12-a first condensate conduit; 13-a first air duct; 14-a second air duct; 15-air supply means; 16-a sludge supply device; 17-a second condensate conduit; 18-flue gas discharge duct.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further explained by the specific implementation mode in combination with the attached drawings.
The schematic diagram of the sludge drying incineration power generation device system provided by the invention is shown in fig. 1, the device system comprises an incinerator 1, an air preheating device 2, a waste heat boiler 3, a back pressure turbine 4, a primary warm air device 5, a sludge drying device 6 and a secondary warm air device 7 which are connected in sequence, and the back pressure turbine 4 is connected with a generator 8.
The sludge drying device 6 is connected with the incinerator 1 through a first sludge pipeline 11; the sludge drying device 6 is connected with the secondary heating device 7 through a first condensed water pipeline 12. The secondary air heating device 7, the primary air heating device 5 and the air preheating device 2 are sequentially connected through a first air pipeline 13; the air preheating device 2 is connected to the incinerator 1 via a second air duct 14.
The plant system further comprises a sludge supply device 16 and an air supply device 15; the sludge supply device 16 is connected with the sludge drying device 6 through a second sludge pipeline 9; the air supply device 15 is connected to the secondary air heater 7 via a third air line 10. The secondary warm air device 7 is connected with the waste heat boiler 3 through a second condensed water pipeline 17; the waste heat boiler 3 comprises a flue gas exhaust duct 18.
The present invention is described in further detail below. The following examples are merely illustrative of the present invention and do not represent or limit the scope of the claims, which are defined by the claims.
Example 1
The embodiment provides a sludge drying burns device system of electricity generation, the device system is including the burning furnace that connects gradually, air preheating device, exhaust-heat boiler, back pressure turbine, one-level warm braw device, sludge drying device and second grade warm braw device, back pressure turbine links to each other with the generator.
The sludge drying device is connected with the incinerator through a first sludge pipeline; the sludge drying device is connected with the secondary heating device through a first condensed water pipeline. The secondary air heating device, the primary air heating device and the air preheating device are sequentially connected through a first air pipeline; the air preheating device is connected with the incinerator through a second air pipeline.
The device system also comprises a sludge supply device and an air supply device; the sludge supply device is connected with the sludge drying device through a second sludge pipeline; and the air supply device is connected with the secondary heating device through a third air pipeline. The secondary warm air device is connected with the waste heat boiler through a second condensed water pipeline; the waste heat boiler comprises a flue gas discharge pipeline.
Comparative example 1
The comparative example provides a device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge, and the device system is the same as the device system in the embodiment 1 except that an air preheating device is omitted.
Comparative example 2
The comparative example provides a device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge, and the rest of the device system is the same as that in the embodiment 1 except that a primary warm air device is omitted.
Comparative example 3
The comparative example provides a device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge, and the rest of the device system is the same as that in example 1 except that a secondary warm air device is omitted.
Comparative example 4
The comparative example provides a sludge drying incineration power generation device system, and the device system is the same as the device system in the embodiment 1 except that an air preheating device is arranged behind a waste heat boiler.
Application example 1
The application example provides a method for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge, which is carried out by adopting the device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge provided by the embodiment 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
flue gas with the temperature of 900 ℃ generated by the incinerator performs first heat exchange with primary air with the temperature of 210 ℃ at an outlet of a primary air heater in an air preheating device, and the flue gas enters a waste heat boiler to heat boiler feed water after the first heat exchange; saturated steam generated by the waste heat boiler enters a back pressure steam turbine to do work and drive a generator to generate electricity; steam at the outlet of the steam turbine with the temperature of 235 ℃ performs second heat exchange with secondary air at the outlet of the secondary warm air device with the temperature of 60 ℃ in the primary warm air device, and the steam after the second heat exchange with the temperature of 170 ℃ enters a sludge drying device to dry sludge with the water content of 80% into outlet sludge with the water content of 40%; condensed water with the temperature of 110 ℃ generated by the sludge drying device enters the secondary air heating device to heat air with the temperature of 25 ℃ and then enters the waste heat boiler.
Application example 2
The application example provides a method for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge, which is carried out by adopting the device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge provided by the embodiment 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
flue gas with the temperature of 895 ℃ generated by the incinerator performs first heat exchange with primary air with the temperature of 215 ℃ at the outlet of the primary air heater in the air preheating device, and the flue gas enters a waste heat boiler to heat boiler feed water after the first heat exchange; saturated steam generated by the waste heat boiler enters a back pressure steam turbine to do work and drive a generator to generate electricity; steam at the outlet of the steam turbine with the temperature of 240 ℃ performs second heat exchange with secondary air at the outlet of the secondary warm air device with the temperature of 55 ℃ in the primary warm air device, and steam after the second heat exchange with the temperature of 165 ℃ enters the sludge drying device to dry sludge with the water content of 75% into outlet sludge with the water content of 35%; condensed water with the temperature of 105 ℃ generated by the sludge drying device enters the secondary air heating device to heat air with the temperature of 30 ℃ and then enters the waste heat boiler.
Application example 3
The application example provides a method for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge, which is carried out by adopting the device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge provided by the embodiment 1, and the method comprises the following steps:
flue gas with the temperature of 905 ℃ generated by the incinerator performs first heat exchange with primary air with the temperature of 205 ℃ at an outlet of a primary warm air device in an air preheating device, and the flue gas enters a waste heat boiler to heat boiler feed water after the first heat exchange; saturated steam generated by the waste heat boiler enters a back pressure steam turbine to do work and drive a generator to generate electricity; steam at the outlet of the steam turbine with the temperature of 230 ℃ performs second heat exchange with secondary air at the outlet of the secondary warm air device with the temperature of 65 ℃ in the primary warm air device, and the steam after the second heat exchange with the temperature of 175 ℃ enters a sludge drying device to dry sludge with the water content of 85 percent into outlet sludge with the water content of 45 percent; condensed water with the temperature of 115 ℃ generated by the sludge drying device enters the secondary heating device to heat air with the temperature of 20 ℃ and then enters the waste heat boiler.
According to the comprehensive application examples 1-3, the method for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge converts the heat value part of the dried sludge into clean electric energy, so that the high-efficiency utilization of energy in the sludge is realized; the heat of steam at the outlet of the steam turbine is recycled by adopting the first-stage air heating device, and the heat of condensed water generated by the sludge drying device is recycled by adopting the second-stage air heating device, so that the gradient utilization of energy is realized.
Application comparative example 1
The method is carried out by adopting the device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge provided by the comparative example 1, and the rest of the method is the same as the application example 1 except that the flue gas generated by the incinerator directly enters a waste heat boiler to heat boiler feed water.
According to calculation, under the condition that the components of sludge entering the incinerator are the same, the temperature of the outlet of the air preheater rises by 50 ℃ every time, the temperature of exhaust gas at the outlet of the incinerator rises by about 30 ℃, and when the temperature difference of the high-temperature air preheater is 200 ℃, the temperature difference of the exhaust gas is about 120 ℃, namely, under the condition that the temperature of the exhaust gas is the same, the heat value adaptation range of the sludge is improved by about 572kJ/kg, namely, when the minimum heat value of the sludge entering the incinerator is required to be 5442kJ/kg by an incineration system without the high-temperature air preheater, the minimum heat value of the sludge entering the incinerator required by the incineration system with the high-temperature air preheater can be reduced to 4870 kJ/kg. Therefore, the method of comparative example 1 has a smaller application range for dried sludge than that of example 1.
Comparative application example 2
The method is carried out by adopting the device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge, which is provided by the comparative example 2, and the rest of the method is the same as the application example 1 except that steam at the outlet of a steam turbine directly enters a sludge drying device and secondary air at the outlet of a secondary heating device directly enters a primary heating device.
In the comparative example, steam at the outlet of the steam turbine is not used for heating secondary air, so that the secondary air can absorb more heat in the air preheating device, the temperature of flue gas entering the waste heat boiler is reduced, the heat absorption capacity of the waste heat boiler is influenced, and the energy utilization efficiency of the device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge is reduced by 10.3% compared with that of the application example 1.
Comparative application example 3
The application example provides a method for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge, the method is carried out by adopting the device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge provided by the comparative example 3, and except that condensed water generated by the sludge drying device directly enters a waste heat boiler, the rest is the same as the application example 1.
In the comparative example, the air is not heated by the condensed water, the heat waste of the condensed water is caused to a certain extent, and the energy utilization efficiency of the device system for generating electricity by drying and incinerating sludge is reduced by 2.2 percent compared with that of the application example 1.
Application comparative example 4
The application example provides a method for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge, the method is carried out by adopting the device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge provided by the comparative example 4, and the rest is the same as the application example 1 except that the flue gas at the outlet of a waste heat boiler exchanges heat with the primary air at the outlet of a primary heating device.
In the comparative example, the flue gas at the outlet of the waste heat boiler exchanges heat with the primary air at the outlet of the primary warm air device, the temperature difference between the flue gas and the primary air is small, so that the heat exchange effect is poor, and the energy utilization efficiency of the sludge drying incineration power generation device system is reduced by 13.3% compared with that of application example 1.
According to the comprehensive application of the comparative examples 1 to 4, the application of the comparative examples 1 to 4 is respectively carried out by using the sludge drying incineration power generation device systems provided in the comparative examples 1 to 4, so that the energy gradient utilization is not fully realized, and the energy utilization efficiency of the sludge drying incineration power generation device system is low.
In summary, the device system and the method for generating power by sludge drying and incineration provided by the invention adopt the primary air heater to recycle the heat of steam at the outlet of the steam turbine, adopt the secondary air heater to recycle the heat of condensed water generated by the sludge drying device, and realize the gradient utilization of energy.
The applicant declares that the above description is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and it should be understood by those skilled in the art that any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by those skilled in the art within the technical scope of the present invention are within the scope and disclosure of the present invention.
Claims (10)
1. The device system for generating power by sludge drying and incineration is characterized by comprising an incinerator, an air preheating device, a waste heat boiler, a back pressure steam turbine, a primary warm air device, a sludge drying device and a secondary warm air device which are sequentially connected, wherein the back pressure steam turbine is connected with a generator.
2. The apparatus system of claim 1, wherein the sludge drying apparatus is connected to the incinerator via a first sludge conduit;
preferably, the sludge drying device is connected with the secondary heating device through a first condensed water pipeline.
3. The device system according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the secondary heating device, the primary heating device and the air preheating device are connected in sequence through a first air pipeline;
preferably, the air preheating device is connected to the incinerator through a second air duct.
4. The plant system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, further comprising a sludge supply device and an air supply device;
preferably, the sludge supply device is connected with the sludge drying device through a second sludge pipeline;
preferably, the air supply device is connected with the secondary heating device through a third air pipeline.
5. The device system according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the secondary heating device is connected with a waste heat boiler through a second condensed water pipeline;
preferably, the waste heat boiler comprises a flue gas exhaust duct.
6. A method for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge, which is characterized by being carried out by adopting the device system for generating power by drying and incinerating sludge as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 5.
7. The method according to claim 6, characterized in that it comprises the steps of:
flue gas generated by the incinerator performs first heat exchange with primary air at an outlet of a primary air heater in an air preheating device, and the flue gas enters a waste heat boiler to heat boiler feed water after the first heat exchange; saturated steam generated by the waste heat boiler enters a back pressure steam turbine to do work and drive a generator to generate electricity; steam at the outlet of the steam turbine performs second heat exchange with secondary air at the outlet of the secondary air heating device in the primary air heating device, and the steam enters the sludge drying device to dry sludge after the second heat exchange; condensed water generated by the sludge drying device enters the secondary air heating device to heat air, and then enters the waste heat boiler.
8. The method according to claim 6 or 7, wherein the flue gas temperature is 895-905 ℃;
preferably, the temperature of the primary air is 205-215 ℃;
preferably, the temperature of the steam at the outlet of the steam turbine is 230-240 ℃;
preferably, the temperature of the secondary air is 55-65 ℃;
preferably, the temperature of the steam after the second heat exchange is 165-175 ℃;
preferably, the temperature of the condensed water is 105-115 ℃;
preferably, the temperature of the air is 10-35 ℃.
9. The method according to any one of claims 6 to 8, wherein the water content of the sludge entering the sludge drying device is 75% to 85%;
preferably, the water content of the sludge at the outlet of the sludge drying device is 35-45%.
10. A method according to any one of claims 6 to 9, characterized in that the method comprises the steps of:
flue gas with the temperature of 895-905 ℃ generated by the incinerator performs first heat exchange with primary air with the temperature of 205-215 ℃ at an outlet of a primary air heater in an air preheating device, and the flue gas enters a waste heat boiler to heat boiler feed water after the first heat exchange; saturated steam generated by the waste heat boiler enters a back pressure steam turbine to do work and drive a generator to generate electricity; steam at the outlet of the steam turbine with the temperature of 230-240 ℃ performs second heat exchange with secondary air at the outlet of the secondary air heating device with the temperature of 55-65 ℃ in the primary air heating device, and the steam after the second heat exchange with the temperature of 165-175 ℃ enters a sludge drying device to dry sludge with the water content of 75-85% into outlet sludge with the water content of 35-45%; condensed water with the temperature of 105-115 ℃ generated by the sludge drying device enters the secondary air heating device to heat air with the temperature of 10-35 ℃ and then enters the waste heat boiler.
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Cited By (1)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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