CN113982344A - Two-dimensional magnetic force type nonlinear energy trap device and vibration absorption and energy consumption method - Google Patents
Two-dimensional magnetic force type nonlinear energy trap device and vibration absorption and energy consumption method Download PDFInfo
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
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- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
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- E04B—GENERAL BUILDING CONSTRUCTIONS; WALLS, e.g. PARTITIONS; ROOFS; FLOORS; CEILINGS; INSULATION OR OTHER PROTECTION OF BUILDINGS
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- E04B1/62—Insulation or other protection; Elements or use of specified material therefor
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- E04B1/98—Protection against other undesired influences or dangers against vibrations or shocks; against mechanical destruction, e.g. by air-raids
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- E—FIXED CONSTRUCTIONS
- E04—BUILDING
- E04H—BUILDINGS OR LIKE STRUCTURES FOR PARTICULAR PURPOSES; SWIMMING OR SPLASH BATHS OR POOLS; MASTS; FENCING; TENTS OR CANOPIES, IN GENERAL
- E04H9/00—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate
- E04H9/02—Buildings, groups of buildings or shelters adapted to withstand or provide protection against abnormal external influences, e.g. war-like action, earthquake or extreme climate withstanding earthquake or sinking of ground
- E04H9/021—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings
- E04H9/0215—Bearing, supporting or connecting constructions specially adapted for such buildings involving active or passive dynamic mass damping systems
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Abstract
本发明涉及一种二维磁力型非线性能量阱装置及吸振、耗能方法，该装置包括有：与外部主结构相连的底座、转动底盘、用于布置非线性能量阱的平台板、摩擦导轨、短导轨、振子、若干永磁体、弹簧卡和多边轮组；转动底盘固定在底座上，并与平台板相连，平台板可以在转动底盘上转动；平台板上布置摩擦导轨、短导轨、永磁体及振子；振子上布置与导轨磁铁相斥的永磁块。该结构形成磁力型非线性能量阱结构，由于稳态时振子不处于装置质量的中心，在受到振动时，振子相对于转动底盘存在偏心力矩，使得平台板可在二维平面内旋转至振动方向，进而振子捕获平面内的振动，实现二维平面内非线性能量阱对主结构振动的吸振与耗能。
The invention relates to a two-dimensional magnetic force type nonlinear energy trap device and a vibration absorption and energy consumption method. The device comprises: a base connected with an external main structure, a rotating chassis, a platform plate for arranging the nonlinear energy trap, and a friction guide rail , short guide rails, vibrators, several permanent magnets, spring cards and polygonal wheel sets; the rotating chassis is fixed on the base and connected to the platform plate, and the platform plate can rotate on the rotating chassis; friction guide rails, short guide rails, permanent Magnet and vibrator; a permanent magnet block repelling the guide rail magnet is arranged on the vibrator. This structure forms a magnetic nonlinear energy trap structure. Since the vibrator is not in the center of the device mass in steady state, when it is vibrated, the vibrator has an eccentric moment relative to the rotating chassis, so that the platform plate can rotate to the vibration direction in a two-dimensional plane. , and then the vibrator captures the vibration in the plane, and realizes the vibration absorption and energy dissipation of the main structure vibration by the nonlinear energy trap in the two-dimensional plane.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to a structural vibration damping and energy consumption device, in particular to a two-dimensional nonlinear energy trap device and a vibration damping and energy consumption method, belonging to the nonlinear energy trap device, in particular to the technical field of vibration damping of civil engineering structures.
Background
The nonlinear energy trap is a passive control technology and mainly comprises a light mass, strong nonlinear rigidity and a damping element. The nonlinear energy trap can generate a series of modal transient resonance capture with the main vibration structure, so that the nonlinear energy trap has a wider vibration reduction frequency band, the directional transmission of the energy of the main structure to the mass of the nonlinear energy trap can be realized, and the vibrator can quickly, efficiently and irreversibly absorb and dissipate the broadband transient impact energy of the main structure within a certain parameter range. A non-linear energy trap with a bistable structure whose dipoles can oscillate rapidly between two stable states, thereby absorbing higher energies, while also exhibiting significant motion over a wide frequency range.
In the conventional nonlinear energy trap device, most of vibrators reciprocate on a track with a single direction, when the device is installed on a main structure, the main vibration direction of the main structure needs to be judged, and then nonlinear energy traps are correspondingly arranged. However, when the wind vibration and the earthquake occur, the vibration of the main structure may come from all directions, and the unidirectional nonlinear energy traps or the superposition of the unidirectional nonlinear energy traps and the unidirectional nonlinear energy traps are difficult to realize the vibration absorption and energy consumption in random directions in a two-dimensional plane.
The invention is a structure vibration absorption and vibration reduction energy consumption device with the most prospect, can perform vibration absorption and energy consumption in random directions in a two-dimensional plane, and has wide application prospect in the aspect of vibration reduction in the field of civil engineering.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a two-dimensional magnetic force type nonlinear energy trap device and a method. The rotating chassis is arranged below the nonlinear energy trap device, and when the main structure is vibrated, the nonlinear energy trap can automatically rotate and absorb vibration and consume energy in the vibration direction. The nonlinear energy trap device adopts a permanent magnet to provide restoring force, and is provided with a guide rail and a sliding table for adjusting the position of the permanent magnet; the spring clamp and the polygonal wheel set are arranged for reducing the shaking of the nonlinear energy trap on the rotating chassis; the vibrator capable of adjusting the quality of the vibrator and the friction guide rail capable of adjusting the sliding friction energy consumption are arranged. The nonlinear energy trap device can be applied to two-dimensional vibration absorption and vibration reduction in the field of civil engineering structures.
In order to achieve the purpose, the invention adopts the following technical scheme:
a two-dimensional magnetic force type nonlinear energy trap device is characterized in that: the device comprises a base, a rotating chassis, a polygonal wheel set, a spring clamp, a friction guide rail, a short guide rail, a permanent magnet I, a permanent magnet II, a vibrator and a platform plate;
the platform plate comprises a Y-direction strip-shaped plate and two X-direction strip-shaped plates, the two X-direction strip-shaped plates are fixedly arranged on two sides of the middle position of the Y-direction strip-shaped plate, the two X-direction strip-shaped plates are positioned on the same straight line, and the X-direction strip-shaped plates are perpendicular to the Y-direction strip-shaped plates;
the rotating chassis comprises a gear ring, pulley blocks and gears, wherein a ring of teeth is arranged on the inner ring of the gear ring, a plurality of pulley blocks are arranged on the outer ring of the gear ring in a circle, the pulley blocks are limited on the outer ring of the gear ring to move, a Y-direction strip-shaped plate is fixedly arranged on the pulley blocks, two gears meshed with the gear blocks are arranged in the gear ring, and the two gears are symmetrically arranged along the radial direction of the gear ring;
the multi-side wheel set is arranged on the Y-direction strip-shaped plate and comprises a multi-side wheel and a force transmission shaft, a through hole is formed in the gear position on the Y-direction strip-shaped plate, the force transmission shaft penetrates through the through hole, one end of the force transmission shaft is fixed at the central position of the gear, and the other end of the force transmission shaft is fixed at the central position of the multi-side wheel;
the spring clamp comprises a shell, a chuck and a spring, the shell is positioned on the Y-direction strip-shaped plate, the spring is positioned in the shell, the chuck is provided with a telescopic shaft limited in the shell, the telescopic shaft is contacted with one end of the spring, and the chuck is contacted with the polygonal wheel under the thrust of the spring;
two sides of the Y-direction strip-shaped plate are respectively provided with a friction guide rail, each friction guide rail comprises a long guide rail and a friction skin, and the friction skins are positioned in the long guide rails;
the friction guide rails at two ends of the Y-direction strip-shaped plate are respectively provided with a permanent magnet I;
a vibrator moving along the friction guide rail is also arranged on the friction guide rail in the middle of the Y-direction strip-shaped plate;
two sides of the X-direction strip-shaped plate are respectively provided with a short guide rail;
the short guide rails at the two ends of the X-direction strip-shaped plate are respectively provided with a permanent magnet II;
the vibrator is repelled with the permanent magnet I on two sides in the Y direction, and the vibrator is repelled with the permanent magnet I on two sides in the X direction.
As a further preferable mode, a through hole is provided at a position above the gear on the Y-direction strip-shaped plate, the bearing is mounted in the through hole, and the force transmission shaft penetrates through the bearing.
As a further preferable scheme, a threaded hole is formed in the shell at the other end of the spring, an adjusting bolt is arranged in the threaded hole, and the end face of the adjusting bolt is in contact with the other end of the spring.
As a further preferred solution, the polygonal wheel is a regular octagon. As a further preferable scheme, the permanent magnet I comprises a permanent magnet I, a support plate I, a sliding table I and a locking bolt I, wherein the permanent magnet I is arranged on the support plate I, and the bottom of the support plate I is provided with the two sliding tables I through bolts; a slip table I corresponds a friction guide rail, is equipped with the screw thread through-hole on the slip table I, and locking bolt I corresponds and passes to exert pressure to the friction guide rail, lock permanent magnet I on the friction guide rail.
As a further preferable scheme, the permanent magnet II comprises a permanent magnet II, a support plate II, a sliding table II and a locking bolt II, the permanent magnet II is arranged on the support plate II, and the bottom of the support plate II is provided with two sliding tables II through bolts; and one sliding table II corresponds to one short guide rail, a threaded through hole is formed in the sliding table II, the locking bolt II correspondingly penetrates through the sliding table II, pressure is applied to the short guide rail, and the permanent magnet II is locked on the short guide rail. As a further preferable scheme, the vibrator comprises a support frame, permanent magnets iii, permanent magnets iv, a sliding table iii, friction bolts and a mass block, wherein the sliding table iii is mounted on the support frame through the friction bolts, the sliding table iii moves on a long guide rail, one pair of edges on the support frame are respectively provided with one permanent magnet iii, the other pair of edges on the support frame are respectively provided with one permanent magnet iv, and the mass block is located in the center of the support frame;
the support frame is provided with a through hole, and the sliding table III is correspondingly provided with a threaded through hole; and one sliding table III corresponds to one friction guide rail, a friction bolt penetrates through the through hole of the support frame and the threaded through hole of the sliding table III and is in contact with the friction skin, a nut used for locking is further arranged on the upper portion of the support frame on the friction bolt, and when the vibrator slides, the top end of the friction bolt generates sliding friction force with the friction skin.
As a further preferable scheme, the magnetic nonlinear energy trap device except the permanent magnets I-IV is made of nonmagnetic materials.
The method comprises the following steps: adjusting the pressure of the clamping head: rotating the adjusting bolt to enable the chuck to apply certain thrust to the polygonal wheel under the action of the spring;
step two: arranging a permanent magnet assembly: adjusting the positions of the permanent magnet I on the friction guide rail and the permanent magnet II on the short guide rail (6), screwing the locking bolt I and the locking bolt II, and fixing the permanent magnet I and the permanent magnet II;
step three: adjusting the mass and the friction force of the vibrator: selecting a certain number of mass block bolts to be connected on the support frame, adjusting the friction bolts, applying a certain pressure on the friction skin, and locking nuts on the friction bolts;
step four: when the main structure vibrates in a plane, the base is subjected to vibration waves transmitted by the main structure, the vibrator generates certain torque relative to the center of the rotating chassis, the platform plate rotates relative to the base within certain amplitude, in the rotating process, the polygonal wheels of the polygonal wheel set continuously rotate and are extruded by the spring clips, rotating shaking force is consumed, the platform plate rotates, and the friction guide rail is gradually parallel to the direction transmitted by the vibration waves; under the action of vibration waves, the vibrator moves back and forth along the friction guide rail under the repulsive magnetic force of the permanent magnets I at the two ends of the friction guide rail; the vibrator is also subjected to nonlinear repulsion magnetic force of permanent magnets II at two ends of the short guide rail, so that the vibrator has better robustness when resonating with the main structure, and a nonlinear energy well structure is formed; the vibrator gradually generates reciprocating motion along the friction track in the vibration direction of the main structure, and finally the vibration energy of the vibrator is consumed through friction.
Has the advantages that:
compared with the existing vibration damping and energy dissipation device, the vibration damping and energy dissipation device has the following advantages:
1) by installing the nonlinear energy trap device on the main structure, the nonlinear energy trap platform can be rotated according to the plane vibration direction of the main structure, and the absorption and the dissipation of vibration energy can be realized in any direction of a two-dimensional plane.
2) The vibrator magnet and the peripheral magnet are arranged in a repellent manner, so that the advantage of the bistable nonlinear energy trap is utilized, and the nonlinear energy trap structure has eccentric mass in a stable state, and is favorable for rotating according to the vibration direction of the main structure.
3) The setting of the device multilateral wheelset can make the nonlinear energy trap take place to rotate the back in certain amplitude, reduces rotatory the rocking, and gear, biography power axle and bearing pass the vibration energy to the landing slab by rotating chassis simultaneously.
4) The nonlinear energy trap device can adjust the magnetic force among the permanent magnets and the mass of the vibrator according to the characteristics of the main structure, so that the device can have a vibration absorption band within the natural vibration frequency of the main structure and better robust performance.
5) The nonlinear energy trap device is provided with friction sheets to provide damping energy consumption, and can also be provided with dampers in the motion direction of the magnet oscillator to realize energy dissipation in different degrees.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional magnetic nonlinear energy trap device according to the present invention;
FIG. 2 is a schematic view of a base and a rotating chassis apparatus according to the present invention;
FIG. 3 is a schematic view of a platform plate, a polygonal wheel set, a friction guide rail and a short guide rail device according to the present invention;
FIG. 4 is a schematic view of the spring clip apparatus of the present invention;
FIG. 5 is a schematic view of a permanent magnet I and a permanent magnet II according to the present invention;
FIG. 6 is a schematic view of a vibrator device according to the present invention;
FIG. 7 is a schematic diagram of the steady-state position of the vibrator in the bistable nonlinear energy trap device of the present invention;
the figure shows that: the device comprises a base 1, a rotating chassis 2, a polygonal wheel set 3, a spring clamp 4, a friction guide rail 5, a short guide rail 6, a permanent magnet I7, a permanent magnet II 8, a vibrator 9 and a platform plate 10; a gear ring 21, a pulley block 22 and a gear 23; polygonal wheel 31, force transmission shaft 32, bearing 33; a housing 41, a chuck 42, a spring 43, an adjusting bolt 44; long guide rail 51, friction skin 52; the permanent magnet I71, the support plate I72, the sliding table I73 and the locking bolt I74; the permanent magnet II 81, the support plate II 82, the sliding table II 83 and the locking bolt II 84; support frame 91, permanent magnetism piece III 92, permanent magnetism piece IV 93, slip table III 94, friction bolt 95, quality piece 96.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.
The invention relates to a two-dimensional magnetic force type nonlinear energy trap device, which comprises a base 1 connected with an external main structure; a rotating chassis 2 arranged on the base, wherein the rotating chassis 2 is connected with the platform plate 10 through a pulley block 22; a gear 23 is arranged in the rotating chassis 2, and the gear 23 rotates coaxially with the polygonal wheel 31 through a force transmission shaft 32 penetrating through the platform plate 10; the spring clamp 4 is arranged on the platform plate 10, and the spring clamp head 42 applies certain spring force to the polygonal wheel set 3; a longer friction guide rail 5 is arranged on the platform plate 10 in the Y direction, and two permanent magnets I7 are respectively arranged at two ends of the friction guide rail 5; short guide rails 6 are arranged in the direction of the platform plate 10X, the short guide rails 6 are distributed on two sides of the friction guide rail 5, and permanent magnets II 8 are respectively arranged on the short guide rails 6; the vibrator 9 is arranged on the friction guide 5 to slide in the positive and negative directions Y.
The rotating chassis 2 is fixedly connected to the base 1, a sliding track is arranged on the outer side of the rotating chassis 2, a plurality of pulley blocks 22 are arranged on the sliding track, and support bolts of the pulley blocks 22 are fixed on the platform plate 10; the inner side of the rotating chassis 2 is provided with a gear ring 21, two gears 23 are meshed with the gear ring 21, and the gears 23 are symmetrically arranged along the radial direction of the gear ring.
The polygonal wheel set 3 penetrates through the platform plate 10 through the force transmission shaft 32 in the Y direction, two circular holes are symmetrically formed in the platform plate 10, a bearing 33 is arranged in each circular hole, and the force transmission shaft 32 is connected with the polygonal wheel 31 on the platform plate 10 and the gear 23 below the platform plate 10 through keys.
The spring clip 4 is fixed on the platform plate 10 through bolts, and is composed of a shell 41, a clip 42, a spring 43 and an adjusting bolt 44, wherein the clip 42 applies a certain spring force to the polygonal wheel 31, and the magnitude of the spring force can be adjusted through the adjusting bolt 44.
The friction guide rail 5 consists of a long guide rail 51 and a friction leather 52, the long guide rail 51 is fixed on the platform plate 10 through bolts, the friction leather 52 is adhered to the inner side of a groove of the long guide rail 51, and the two friction guide rails 5 are arranged in parallel along the Y direction.
All the short guide rails 6 are symmetrically arranged at two sides of the friction guide rail 5 along the X direction, two short guide rails 6 are respectively arranged at two sides, and the short guide rails are all fixed on the platform plate 10 through bolts.
The permanent magnet I7 comprises a permanent magnet block I71, a support plate I72, a locking bolt I74 and a sliding table I73, the permanent magnet block I71, the support plate I72, the locking bolt I74 and the sliding table I73 are symmetrically arranged at two ends of the friction guide rail 5, the support plate I72 is connected with the permanent magnet block I71 and the sliding table I73 through bolts, and the locking bolt I74 arranged on the sliding table I73 can lock the permanent magnet I7 on the friction guide rail 5. The permanent magnet II 8 consists of a permanent magnet II 81, a support plate II 82, a locking bolt II 84 and a sliding table II 83, the permanent magnet II 81, the support plate II 82, the locking bolt II 84 and the sliding table II 83 are symmetrically arranged on the short guide rails 6 on two sides of the friction guide rail 5, the support plate II 82 is connected with the permanent magnet II 81 and the sliding table II 83 through bolts, and the locking bolt II 84 arranged on the sliding table II 83 can lock the permanent magnet II 81 on the short guide rail 6.
The vibrator 9 comprises a support frame 91, permanent magnets III 92, permanent magnets IV 93, a sliding table III 94, friction bolts 95 and a mass block 96, wherein the permanent magnets III 92, the permanent magnets IV 93 and the sliding table III 94 are connected to the support frame 91 through bolts, the permanent magnets III 92 are symmetrically arranged along the Y direction, the permanent magnets IV 93 are symmetrically arranged along the X direction, the sliding table III 94 is arranged on the friction guide rail 5, and different pressures can be applied to the friction skin 52 by adjusting the friction bolts 95 to realize different friction damping forces. The mass blocks 96 are arranged in the middle of the support frame 91 and connected by bolts, and the mass of the vibrator 9 can be adjusted within a certain range by installing different numbers of mass blocks 96.
The permanent magnet I71, the permanent magnet II 81, the permanent magnet III 92 and the permanent magnet IV 93 are magnetized along the large-surface normal direction, the permanent magnet I71 and the permanent magnet III 92 repel each other, and the permanent magnet II 81 and the permanent magnet IV 93 repel each other.
The magnetic nonlinear energy trap device is made of nonmagnetic materials except the permanent magnet.
The forming method of the present invention is further described by way of example with reference to the accompanying drawings:
example (b): as shown in fig. 1 to 7, the present embodiment is a schematic diagram of a two-dimensional magnetic force type nonlinear energy trap device, in which a base 1 of the device is connected with an external main structure by bolts; the rotating chassis 2 arranged on the base 1 is connected with the platform plate 10 through a pulley block 22; a gear 23 is arranged in the rotating chassis 2, and the gear 23 rotates coaxially with the polygonal wheel 31 through a force transmission shaft 32 penetrating through the platform plate 10; the spring clamp 4 is arranged on the platform plate 10, and the adjusting bolt 44 is rotated to enable the spring clamp head 42 to apply certain spring force to the polygonal wheel set 3; a longer friction guide rail 5 is arranged on the platform plate 10 in the Y direction, and two permanent magnets I7 are respectively arranged at two ends of the friction guide rail 5; short guide rails 6 are arranged in the direction of the platform plate 10X, the short guide rails 6 are distributed on two sides of the friction guide rail 5, and permanent magnets II 8 are respectively arranged on the short guide rails 6; the vibrator 9 is arranged on the friction guide 5 to slide in the positive and negative directions Y. The positions of the permanent magnet I7 and the permanent magnet II 8 are adjusted along the friction guide rail 5 and the short guide rail 6 respectively, and the locking bolt I74 and the locking bolt II 84 are locked. A certain number of mass blocks 96 are selected to be bolted on the vibrator, and the friction bolts 95 are adjusted to apply a certain pressure on the friction skin 52. As shown in fig. 7, the transducer 9 is in a steady state position a or B, i.e. the transducer 9 is magnetically balanced at A, B. When the main structure vibrates in a plane, the vibrator 9 generates a certain moment relative to the rotating chassis 2 and enables the platform board 10 to rotate relative to the base 1 within a certain amplitude, in the rotating process, the polygonal wheels 31 of the polygonal wheel set 3 continuously rotate and are extruded by the spring clamps 4 to consume rotating shaking force, and the platform board 10 rotates to gradually enable the friction guide rail 5 to be parallel to the direction from which the vibration waves are transmitted; under the action of vibration waves, the vibrator 9 moves back and forth along the friction guide rail 5 under the repulsive magnetic force of the permanent magnets I7 at the two ends of the friction guide rail 5; the vibrator 9 is also subjected to nonlinear repulsion magnetic force of permanent magnets II 8 at two ends of the short guide rail 6, so that the vibrator 9 has better robustness when resonating with a main structure, and a nonlinear energy trap structure is formed; the vibrator 9 gradually generates reciprocating motion along the friction rail 5 in the main structure vibration direction, and finally the vibration energy of the vibrator 9 is consumed through friction.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.
Claims (9)
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| CN115638207A (en) * | 2022-10-18 | 2023-01-24 | 南京理工大学 | Passive control device for dead zone operation precision of reciprocating mechanism and design method |
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