CN113953103B - Compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator which comprises a liquid inlet separation structure, a main pipe separation structure and a buffer separation structure, wherein the liquid inlet separation structure is connected with the middle part of the main pipe separation structure, the upper part of the main pipe separation structure is communicated with the top of the buffer separation structure, and the lower part of the main pipe separation structure is communicated with the buffer separation structure. The invention has compact structure, and small occupied space is realized by the combination of the separated structural arrangement and the transmission pipeline; the multistage separation is adopted, so that the separation efficiency is high; the gas-liquid separation is realized in the flowing process, the retention time is short, and the treatment capacity is large.

Description

A compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of oil-gas separation, in particular to a compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator.

Background technique

In recent years, the pace of offshore oil and gas exploration and development in the world has been significantly accelerated. New offshore oil and gas discoveries surpass those on land, and reserves and production continue to grow. The ocean has become a strategic replacement area for global oil and gas resources. Especially with the continuous application and maturity of new technologies for offshore oil and gas exploration, the world has entered the stage of deep water oil and gas development, which brings new challenges to oil and gas extraction, and puts forward higher requirements for the volume and efficiency of separators. Traditional gravity settling tanks are not suitable for marine production platforms and deep-sea underwater production systems due to their shortcomings such as large volume and mass, long separation time, and low separation efficiency.

In the prior art, there is a water removal system for crude oil containing gas and water and its application method, which includes: a branch pipeline, a buffer tank and a cylindrical cyclone, and the branch pipeline includes an upper inclined pipe and a lower horizontal pipe And several vertical pipes are used to remove the gas and part of the oil in the collection liquid; the buffer tank operates by controlling the oil-water interface in the tank; the column type cyclone is used to treat the liquid at the outlet of the buffer tank to make it meet the standard In the pipeline structure, the collection liquid mainly relies on gravity for gas-liquid separation, followed by buffer tanks for oil-water separation. The structure is not compact and cannot be applied to deep sea underwater separation.

Contents of the invention

The object of the present invention is to provide a compact gas-liquid cyclone multi-stage separator in order to overcome the technical problems of large equipment volume and mass, long separation time and low separation efficiency in the prior art.

The purpose of the present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: a compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator, including a liquid inlet separation structure, a main pipe separation structure and a buffer separation structure, the main pipe separation structure includes a main pipe, an annular liquid removal device, the second cyclone, the second overflow pipe, the second overflow valve, the gas outlet pipe, the gas outlet electric valve, the liquid outlet electric valve and the liquid outlet pipe, the top of the main pipe communicates with the top of the buffer separation structure through the air outlet pipe, The gas outlet electric valve is installed on the gas outlet pipe, the annular liquid remover is installed on the upper part of the main pipe, the annular liquid remover communicates with the top of the buffer separation structure, and the liquid inlet separation structure communicates with the middle part of the main pipe, The second cyclone is installed on the lower part of the main pipe, one end of the second overflow pipe is installed below the second cyclone and is located on the axial centerline of the main pipe, and the other end of the second overflow pipe is separated from the buffer The side of the structure communicates, the second overflow valve is installed on the second overflow pipe, the bottom end of the main pipe communicates with the bottom of the buffer separation structure through the liquid outlet pipe, and the liquid outlet electric valve is installed on the liquid outlet pipe.

More optimally, the liquid inlet separation structure includes a liquid inlet pipe, a first cyclone, a first overflow pipe and a first overflow valve, and one end of the first cyclone and the first overflow pipe is sequentially installed on the inlet Inside the liquid pipe, one end of the first overflow pipe is located on the axial centerline of the liquid inlet pipe, and the other end of the first overflow pipe is installed between the liquid inlet pipe and the annular liquid eliminator. An overflow valve is installed on the first overflow pipe.

More preferably, the included angle between the liquid inlet pipe and the main pipe is 30°-65°.

More optimally, a wedge-shaped constriction tube is provided at the connection between the liquid inlet pipe and the main pipe.

More preferably, the cross-sectional area of the outlet end of the wedge-shaped shrink tube is 40%-70% of the inlet end.

A more optimal option, the buffer separation structure includes a liquid removal pipe, a liquid removal valve, an exhaust pipe, a one-way exhaust valve, a buffer tank, a liquid level sensor, a settling tube and a one-way electric valve, and the annular liquid removal The device is connected to the first connection port of the buffer tank through the liquid removal pipe, the liquid removal valve is installed on the liquid removal pipe, the gas outlet pipe is connected to the second connection port of the buffer tank through the exhaust pipe, and the one-way exhaust The valve is installed in the exhaust pipe, the other end of the second overflow pipe is connected to the third connection port of the buffer tank, the liquid outlet pipe is connected to the fourth connection port of the buffer tank through the settling pipe, and the one-way electric valve Installed in the settling pipe, the one-way electric valve is connected with the liquid level sensor.

More preferably, the annular liquid remover includes an outer pipe, two installation rings and an inner pipe, the two installation rings are installed at both ends of the outer pipe, and the two installation rings are installed on the upper part of the main pipe, The inner tube is installed in the inner cavity of the outer tube, and the inner tube is provided with an oblique cut, and the outer tube, the two installation rings and the inner tube form an annular accommodation cavity, and the annular accommodation cavity and The top of the buffer separation structure is connected.

More preferably, the second swirler includes a plurality of spiral guide vanes and a cylindrical part, one end of the plurality of spiral guide vanes is uniformly installed on the outer wall of the cylindrical part, and the plurality of spiral guide vanes The other end is installed on the inner wall of the main pipe.

More optimally, a top cover cavity is provided at the connection between the main pipe and the exhaust pipe.

More preferably, a buffer chamber is provided at the connection between the main pipe and the liquid outlet pipe.

Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following advantages and beneficial effects:

1. The present invention has a compact structure through the liquid inlet separation structure, the main pipe separation structure and the buffer separation structure, and realizes a small occupied space through the combination of the separation structure arrangement and the transmission pipeline; it adopts multi-stage separation, and the separation efficiency is high; it realizes in the flow process Gas-liquid separation, short residence time and large processing capacity; it can be used in offshore production platforms, replacing or partially replacing traditional gravity settling tanks, saving deck area and payload, and greatly reducing platform cost; it can also be used in deep-sea oil and gas Exploitation realizes in-situ separation and phase-separated transportation of underwater oil and gas, which can greatly improve oil recovery rate, reduce corrosion, clogging, deposition and slug flow in multi-phase mixed transportation, and improve downstream equipment such as sand removal separator and The performance of the oil-water separator.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the schematic diagram of a kind of compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a partial enlarged view of F in Fig. 1 of a compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is the sectional view of the annular liquid remover of a kind of compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a partial enlarged view of G in Fig. 1 of a compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is the schematic diagram of the second cyclone of a kind of compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator of the present invention;

Fig. 6 is a cross-sectional view of a wedge-shaped shrinkage tube at D in Fig. 1 of a compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator of the present invention;

Fig. 7 is a sectional view at E in Fig. 1 of a compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator of the present invention;

The marks of each component in the accompanying drawings: 1, liquid inlet pipe; 2, first cyclone; 3, first overflow pipe; 4, main pipe; 5, second cyclone; 501, cylindrical part; 502, spiral guide Flow sheet; 6. Second overflow pipe; 7. Liquid outlet pipe; 8. Liquid outlet electric valve; 9. Second overflow valve; 10. One-way electric valve; 11. Settling pipe; 12. Buffer tank; 1201. The first One connection port; 1202, second connection port; 1203, third connection port; 1204, fourth connection port; 13, liquid level sensor; 14, one-way exhaust valve; 15, exhaust pipe; 16, air outlet pipe; 17. Air outlet electric valve; 18. Liquid removal pipe; 19. Liquid removal valve; 20. Annular liquid removal device; 2001, outer pipe; 2002, inner pipe; 2003, oblique cut; 2004, installation ring; 2005, drain Liquid port; 2006, annular accommodation cavity; 21, first overflow valve; 22, top cover cavity; 23, buffer cavity; 24, wedge-shaped shrink tube; 2401, inlet port; 2402, outlet port; A, liquid inlet ; B, gas outlet; C, liquid outlet.

Detailed ways

The purpose of the invention of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments, and the embodiments cannot be repeated here one by one, but the implementation of the present invention is not therefore limited to the following embodiments.

As shown in Figure 1, a compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator includes a liquid inlet separation structure, a main pipe separation structure and a buffer separation structure. Both the upper part and the lower part communicate with the buffer separation structure.

A compact gas-liquid cyclone multi-stage separator is a compact six-stage separation structure, which is four-stage cyclone separation, one-stage annular sleeve separation and one-stage gravity separation, to achieve high efficiency of gas and liquid mixed flow Separation, improve product production and delivery efficiency. The liquid inlet separation structure is used to introduce the collection liquid into the separator, and enter the first stage cyclone separation, the second stage cyclone separation and the third stage cyclone separation during the introduction process, and the main pipe separation structure can carry out the fourth stage The cyclone separation and the fifth-stage annular sleeve separation, the buffer separation structure realizes the sixth-stage gravity separation.

As shown in Figures 1 and 6, the liquid inlet separation structure includes a liquid inlet pipe 1, a first cyclone 2, a first overflow pipe 3, a first overflow valve 21 and a wedge-shaped shrinkage pipe 24, and the first cyclone 2 is installed on The inner wall of the first half of the liquid inlet pipe 1 (that is, the liquid inlet end of the liquid inlet pipe 1), the first overflow pipe 3 is installed in the inner cavity of the second half of the liquid inlet pipe 1 (that is, the rear of the first cyclone 2) , the liquid inlet end of the first overflow pipe 3 is located on the axial centerline of the liquid inlet pipe 1 , and the first overflow valve 21 is installed on the first overflow pipe 3 . The main pipe 4 is connected with the liquid inlet pipe by a wedge-shaped shrinkage tube 24, and the ratio of the cross-sectional area of the inlet end 2401 and the outlet end 2402 of the wedge-shaped shrinkage pipe 24 is 40-70% (that is, the cross-sectional area of the outlet end 2402 is 40% of the inlet end 2401 -70%), the best ratio is 68%. After testing, too large or too small shrinkage ratio is not conducive to gas-liquid cyclone separation. The liquid outlet end of the first overflow pipe 3 is installed between the wedge-shaped constriction pipe 24 and the annular liquid eliminator 20 . The liquid inlet pipe 1 is obliquely installed on the main pipe 4, the angle between the liquid inlet pipe 1 and the main pipe 4 is 30-65°, the best angle is 63°, and the fluid in the liquid inlet pipe 1 flows in along the tangential direction As for the main pipe 4, according to the experimental test, it is proved that this angle value produces the best effect of cyclone separation.

The liquid inlet pipe 1 is used to drain the collection liquid to the main pipe 4 for cyclone separation; the first cyclone 2 is used to generate a swirl flow for the collection liquid to achieve centrifugal separation of liquid and gas; the first overflow pipe 3 controls the gas content The higher gas-liquid mixture is introduced into the upper part of the main pipe 4; the first overflow valve 21 is used to control the circulation of the first overflow pipe 3; the wedge-shaped contraction tube 24 is beneficial to the gas-liquid cyclone separation.

As shown in Figures 1 and 7, the main pipe separation structure includes a main pipe 4, an annular liquid remover 20, a second cyclone 5, a second overflow pipe 6, a second overflow valve 9, an air outlet pipe 16, an air outlet electric valve 17, The liquid outlet electric valve 8 and the liquid outlet pipe 7, the top of the main pipe 4 is provided with a top cover chamber 22, the main pipe 4 is vertically connected with the inlet end of the air outlet pipe 16 (the air outlet pipe 16 is located under the top cover chamber 22), and the air outlet electric valve 17 is installed on the outlet pipe 16, and the outlet end of the outlet pipe 16 communicates with the exhaust pipe 15 of the buffer separation structure (the connection between the outlet pipe 16 and the exhaust pipe 15 is located between the outlet electric valve 17 and the outlet B). The annular liquid remover 20 is installed on the upper part of the main pipe 4 (below the outlet pipe 16) through a flange, and the lower part of the annular liquid remover 20 is provided with a liquid discharge port 2005, which is separated from the liquid removal pipe of the buffer separation structure. 18 connections. The middle part of the main pipe 4 communicates with the first overflow pipe 3 and the liquid inlet pipe 1 of the liquid inlet separation structure respectively. The second cyclone 5 is installed on the lower inner wall of the main pipe 4 . The liquid inlet end of the second overflow pipe 6 is installed in the inner cavity of the main pipe 4 bottom (located directly below the second cyclone 5), and the liquid inlet end of the second overflow pipe 6 is located on the axial center line of the main pipe 4. The liquid outlet of the second overflow pipe communicates with the left side of the buffer tank 12 of the buffer separation structure, and the second overflow valve 21 is installed on the second overflow pipe. The bottom of the main pipe 4 is provided with a buffer chamber 23 , the main pipe 4 is in vertical communication with the liquid inlet end of the liquid outlet pipe 7 , the liquid outlet pipe 7 is located above the buffer chamber 23 , and the liquid outlet electric valve 8 is installed on the liquid outlet pipe 7 . The liquid outlet end of the liquid outlet pipe 7 is in vertical communication with the settling pipe 11 of the buffer separation structure, and the connection between the settling pipe 11 and the liquid outlet pipe 7 is located between the liquid outlet electric valve 8 and the liquid outlet C.

The main pipe 4 is the main body of the main pipe separation structure, which is used to separate liquid and gas and install parts; the installation quantity of the annular liquid remover 20 can be selected to install single or multiple according to the liquid content of the separated gas; the second The cyclone 5 allows the collection liquid to generate a swirling flow to realize the centrifugal separation of gas and liquid; the gas outlet pipe 16 collects and discharges the gas; the gas outlet electric valve 17 is used to control the gas circulation of the air outlet pipe 16; the liquid outlet electric valve 8 is used to control the gas outlet The circulation of the liquid pipe 7; the liquid outlet pipe 7 collects the separated liquid and discharges it uniformly; the top cover chamber 22 plays the role of buffering and making the liquid entrained in the gas phase flow fall back; the buffer chamber 23 plays the role of buffering and making the entrained liquid in the liquid phase The effect of gas separation rising.

As shown in Figures 4 and 5, the first swirler 2 and the second swirler 5 have the same structure, and the second swirler 5 includes a plurality of spiral guide vanes 502 and a cylinder 501, and a plurality of spiral guide vanes One end of 502 is evenly connected around the outer wall of cylinder 501 , and the other ends of multiple spiral guide vanes 502 are clamped on the inner wall of main pipe 4 . The rotation angle and the specific number of the spiral deflectors 502 can be determined according to the requirement of swirl flow separation. The spiral deflector 502 is used to guide the flow direction of the liquid to generate a swirl flow; the cylinder 501 is used to fix the spiral deflector 502 .

As shown in Figures 2 and 3, the annular liquid remover 20 includes an outer tube 2001, an inner tube 2002 and two installation rings 2004, the inner tube 2002 is installed in the inner cavity of the outer tube 2001, and the two installation rings 2004 are respectively installed in the outer tube 2001 The inner tube 2002 is installed in the inner cavity of the outer tube 2001 (the two ends of the inner tube 2002 are respectively connected with two installation rings 2004), and the middle part of the inner tube 2002 is provided with an oblique cut 2003, which is an annular oblique cut 2003 , the outer tube 2001, the inner tube 2002 and the two mounting rings 2004 form an annular housing cavity 2006, the lower part of the annular housing cavity is provided with a drain port 2005, and the liquid removal pipe 18 is connected to the drain port 2005. Both installation rings 2004 are installed on the upper part of the main pipe 4 through flanges. The centrifugation forms the swirl liquid attached to the wall, which flows into the annular accommodation cavity 2006 through the annular oblique cut 2003 , and flows into the liquid removal pipe 18 of the buffer separation structure through the liquid discharge port 2005 .

As shown in Figure 1, the buffer separation structure includes a liquid removal pipe 18, a liquid removal valve 19, an exhaust pipe 15, a one-way exhaust valve 14, a buffer tank 12, a liquid level sensor 13, a settling pipe 11 and a one-way electric valve 10 , the buffer tank 12 is provided with four connection ports, respectively the first connection port 1201, the second connection port 1202, the third connection port 1203 and the fourth connection port 1204, the first connection port 1201 and the second connection port 1202 are located in the buffer On the top of the tank 12 , the third connection port 1203 is located on the left side of the buffer tank 12 , and the fourth connection port 1204 is located at the bottom of the buffer tank 12 . The liquid outlet 2005 of the annular liquid remover 20 communicates with the first connection port 1201 through the liquid removal pipe 18 , and the liquid removal valve 19 is installed on the liquid removal pipe 18 . The intake end of the exhaust pipe 15 communicates with the second connection port 1202, and the exhaust end of the exhaust pipe 15 communicates with the outlet end of the air outlet pipe 16 (the access point of the exhaust pipe 15 is located at the outlet electric valve 17 and the outlet B Between), all the gas is discharged from the gas outlet B, and the one-way exhaust valve 14 is installed on the exhaust pipe 15. The liquid outlet end of the second overflow pipe 6 communicates with the third connection port 1203 . The fourth connection port communicates with the liquid outlet of the liquid outlet pipe 7 through the settling tube 11 (the access point of the settling pipe 11 is between the liquid outlet C and the liquid outlet electric valve 8), and all liquids are discharged from the liquid outlet of the liquid outlet pipe 7. The liquid outlet C is discharged, and the one-way electric valve 10 is installed on the settling pipe 11 . The liquid level sensor 13 is installed on the right side of the buffer tank 12, and the liquid level sensor 13 is wirelessly connected with the one-way electric valve 10. After the liquid level reaches the maximum limit height of the buffer tank 12, the one-way electric valve 10 is opened, and the liquid is discharged. After the liquid level reaches the minimum limit height, the one-way electric valve 10 of the settling pipe 11 is closed, and the liquid stops discharging. The air outlet electric valve 17 and the liquid outlet electric valve 8 control the opening and closing range of the valve body according to the flow rate of the liquid inlet pipe 1 and the sensor data of the air outlet B and the liquid outlet C.

The liquid removal pipe 18 drains the liquid separated by the annular liquid remover 20 into the buffer tank 12; the liquid removal valve 19 is used to control the circulation of the liquid in the liquid removal pipe 18; the exhaust pipe 15 is used to collect the gas and unify the gas Outward discharge; one-way exhaust valve 14 is used to control the flow of exhaust pipe 15; buffer tank 12 is used to separate gas and liquid by gravity; liquid level sensor 13 senses the liquid level height of the liquid in buffer tank 12; The pipe 11 is used to discharge the separated liquid to the liquid outlet pipe 7; the one-way electric valve 10 is used to control the circulation of the settling pipe 11.

Description of the working process: the collection liquid flows into the liquid inlet pipe 1 from the liquid inlet A, passes through the first cyclone 2 to generate swirling flow and then centrifuges, the gas gathers near the axial centerline of the liquid inlet pipe 1, and the liquid migrates to the liquid inlet pipe The pipe wall of 1 belongs to the first-stage cyclone separation. At this time, the gas-liquid mixture with higher gas content is separated from the first overflow pipe 3 and flows into the upper part of the main pipe 4 tangentially. At this time, the mixture with high gas content generates swirling flow and then centrifugal separation, which belongs to the second-stage swirling flow separation. After the swirling flow is generated, the liquid migrates to the pipe wall of the main pipe 4 due to its high specific gravity, and rotates against the wall. The bottom gathers near the axial centerline of the main pipe 4. The collection liquid flows in tangentially along the circumference of the main pipe 4 through the liquid inlet pipe 1 to generate a swirl, which belongs to the third stage of cyclone separation. After the swirl separation, the mixture with high gas content moves upward along the axis of the main pipe 4, while the mixture with high liquid content Under the action of gravity and centrifugal force, the mixture moves downward in a spiral along the pipe wall of the main pipe 4 . At the lower part of the main pipe 4, after the mixture with a high liquid content passes through the second cyclone 5, the swirl intensity is further enhanced, which belongs to the fourth stage of cyclone separation, and the separated gas containing a small amount of liquid flows along the second overflow pipe 6 It flows out to the buffer tank 12, and the separated liquid flows to the liquid outlet C through the liquid outlet pipe 7. At the upper part of the main pipe 4, when the rotating liquid near the pipe wall passes through the annular liquid remover 20, it enters the annular accommodation cavity 2006 between the outer pipe 2001 and the inner pipe 2002 through the oblique cut 2003, and flows into the liquid removal pipe 18, then flows into the buffer tank 12, and the separated gas flows upwards through the main pipe 4 and into the exhaust pipe 15. During the process, because the upper part of the main pipe 4 protrudes from the top cover cavity, it has the function of buffering and settling, and the liquid falls back along the pipe wall. This process belongs to the fifth The stage ring casing is separated. The mixed liquid separated from the liquid removal pipe 18 and the second overflow pipe 6 flows into the buffer tank 12 and undergoes gravity separation, which belongs to the sixth stage of gravity separation. The separated gas flows in and out along the exhaust pipe 15 through the one-way exhaust valve 14 The air pipe 16, the separated liquid passes through the one-way electric valve 10, and flows into the liquid outlet pipe 7 along the settling pipe 11. During this process, whether the liquid flows out or not is determined by the liquid level height of the liquid in the buffer tank 12. The liquid level threshold sends a control signal of the one-way electric valve 10, which is opened at a high limit and closed at a low limit.

Through the above structural design and working process design, this system realizes the six-stage separation of gas-liquid flow. Energy loss due to transmission.

The specific implementation described above is a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and does not limit the present invention. Any other changes or other equivalent replacement methods that do not deviate from the technical solution of the present invention are included in the scope of protection of the present invention. within.

Claims (9)

1. A compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator, characterized in that it includes a liquid inlet separation structure, a main pipe separation structure and a buffer separation structure, and the main pipe separation structure includes a main pipe, an annular liquid remover, a second cyclone Flow device, second overflow pipe, second overflow valve, air outlet pipe, air outlet electric valve, liquid outlet electric valve and liquid outlet pipe, the top of the main pipe communicates with the top of the buffer separation structure through the air outlet pipe, and the air outlet electric valve Installed on the gas outlet pipe, the annular liquid eliminator is installed on the upper part of the main pipe, the annular liquid eliminator communicates with the top of the buffer separation structure, the liquid inlet separation structure communicates with the middle part of the main pipe, and the second cyclone The device is installed at the lower part of the main pipe, one end of the second overflow pipe is installed below the second cyclone and located on the axial centerline of the main pipe, and the other end of the second overflow pipe communicates with the side of the buffer separation structure , the second overflow valve is installed on the second overflow pipe, the bottom end of the main pipe communicates with the bottom of the buffer separation structure through the liquid outlet pipe, and the liquid outlet electric valve is installed on the liquid outlet pipe; The annular liquid remover includes an outer pipe, two installation rings and an inner pipe, the two installation rings are installed at both ends of the outer pipe, the two installation rings are installed on the upper part of the main pipe, and the inner pipe is installed In the inner cavity of the outer tube, the inner tube is provided with an oblique cut, and the outer tube, the two installation rings and the inner tube form a ring-shaped accommodation cavity, and the ring-shaped accommodation cavity and the top of the buffer separation structure connected. 2. A compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator according to claim 1, wherein the liquid inlet separation structure includes a liquid inlet pipe, a first cyclone, a first overflow pipe and a first overflow pipe. The valve, the first cyclone and one end of the first overflow pipe are sequentially installed inside the liquid inlet pipe, one end of the first overflow pipe is located on the axial centerline of the liquid inlet pipe, and the first overflow pipe The other end is installed between the liquid inlet pipe and the annular liquid eliminator, and the first overflow valve is installed on the first overflow pipe. 3. A compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator according to claim 2, characterized in that, the included angle between the liquid inlet pipe and the main pipe is 30°-65°. 4. A compact gas-liquid cyclone multi-stage separator according to claim 2, characterized in that a wedge-shaped constriction tube is provided at the connection between the liquid inlet pipe and the main pipe. 5. A compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator according to claim 4, characterized in that the cross-sectional area of the outlet end of the wedge-shaped constriction tube is 40%-70% of the inlet end. 6. A compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator according to claim 1, wherein the buffer separation structure includes a liquid removal pipe, a liquid removal valve, an exhaust pipe, a one-way exhaust valve, a buffer tank, a liquid level sensor, a settling tube and a one-way electric valve, the annular liquid remover is connected to the first connection port of the buffer tank through a liquid removal pipe, the liquid removal valve is installed on the liquid removal pipe, and the gas outlet pipe The exhaust pipe is connected to the second connection port of the buffer tank, the one-way exhaust valve is installed on the exhaust pipe, the other end of the second overflow pipe is connected to the third connection port of the buffer tank, and the liquid outlet The tube is connected to the fourth connection port of the buffer tank through the settling tube, the one-way electric valve is installed on the settling tube, and the one-way electric valve is connected to the liquid level sensor. 7. A compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator according to claim 1, wherein the second cyclone comprises a plurality of spiral guide vanes and a cylindrical portion, and a plurality of the spiral guides One end of the sheet is evenly installed on the outer wall of the cylindrical part, and the other ends of the plurality of spiral guide fins are installed on the inner wall of the main pipe. 8. A compact gas-liquid cyclone multi-stage separator according to claim 1, characterized in that a top cover cavity is provided at the junction of the main pipe and the exhaust pipe. 9. A compact gas-liquid cyclone multistage separator according to claim 1, characterized in that a buffer chamber is provided at the connection between the main pipe and the liquid outlet pipe.

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