CN113944721B - Omnidirectional vibration isolator - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention provides an omnidirectional vibration isolator which is used for isolating vibration between a vibrating body and an isolated body and comprises a base, a mounting seat, a first group of buffer components and a second group of buffer components, wherein the first group of buffer components is arranged on the mounting seat; the base is provided with an opening and a spherical inner surface, and is fixedly connected with a vibrating body or a vibration-isolated body; one end of the mounting seat is spherical and is arranged on the base, and the other end of the mounting seat extends out of the opening to be fixedly connected with a vibration isolator or a vibrating body; the first group of buffer assemblies comprise a plurality of first buffers which are positioned in a first plane, and the plurality of first buffers are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the mounting seat; the second group of buffer assemblies comprise a plurality of second buffers positioned in a second plane, and the plurality of second buffers are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the mounting seat; the first buffer and the second buffer enable the base and the mounting seat to be elastically connected; the first plane and the second plane are arranged perpendicularly. The omnidirectional vibration isolator meets the use requirements of equal stiffness in all vibration directions.

Description

An omnidirectional vibration isolator

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of vibration isolation equipment, in particular to an omnidirectional vibration isolator.

Background technique

Airborne, vehicle-mounted, and ship-borne optoelectronic loads usually need to have functions such as observation, aiming, and tracking, and often require high image stability in actual use. Aircraft, vehicles, and ships will generate high-frequency random vibrations during operation, which seriously affects the performance of photoelectric loads. In addition, the installation plane of the photoelectric load generally does not coincide with its center of gravity, which also causes the vibration of aircraft, vehicles, and ships to produce a complex vibration combination of translation and rotation on the photoelectric load.

Most of the existing vibration isolators can only suppress the vibration in the translational direction, but cannot suppress the vibration in the rotational direction. In the translational direction, most vibration isolators use a single vertical spring damping system for vibration isolation design, resulting in In addition, the stiffness of the vibration isolator in the three directions of X, Y, and Z is not equal, and the vibration isolation effect is quite different, which cannot meet the actual use requirements of airborne, vehicle-mounted, and ship-borne photoelectric loads.

Contents of the invention

In order to solve the above problems, the purpose of the present invention is to reduce the inequality of the stiffness of the vibration isolator, improve the vibration isolation effect, and provide an omnidirectional vibration isolator.

To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following specific technical solutions:

An omnidirectional vibration isolator, used to isolate the vibration between the vibrating body and the vibration-isolated body, is characterized in that it includes a base, a mounting seat, a first group of buffer components and a second group of buffer components;

The base is a hollow structure with an opening, the inner surface of the base is spherical, and the base is fixedly connected with the vibrating body or the vibration-isolating body;

One end of the mounting seat is spherical and placed in the hollow structure of the base, and the other end of the mounting seat protrudes from the opening for fixed connection with the vibration-isolating body or vibrating body;

The first group of buffer components includes a plurality of first buffers, and the plurality of first buffers are located in the first plane and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the mounting seat;

The second group of buffer components includes a plurality of second buffers, and the plurality of second buffers are located in the second plane and evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the mounting seat;

The number of the first buffer is equal to the number of the second buffer and is an even number greater than or equal to 4;

A plurality of first buffers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting seat, and a plurality of second buffers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting seat;

The first plane and the second plane are vertically arranged;

Both the first buffer and the second buffer are connected between the inner surface of the base and the outer surface of the mounting base, so that the base and the mounting base are elastically connected.

Further, the first buffer and the second buffer have the same structure;

One end of the first buffer is fixedly connected to the base, the other end of the first buffer is in elastic contact with the mounting seat, and the material of the other end or the outer surface of the mounting seat is a frictional damping material.

Further, the shape of the end surface of the other end matches the shape of the outer surface of the mounting seat.

Further, the first buffer includes a cylinder, a first elastic member and a vibration isolation strut;

One end of the first elastic member abuts against the inner surface of the base, and the other end of the first elastic member abuts against the vibration isolation strut;

The vibration isolation strut is clamped between the first elastic member and the outer surface of the mounting seat under the action of the first elastic member;

The vibration isolation strut is provided with a first end in contact with the mounting base and a second end away from the mounting base;

The cylindrical barrel is a cylindrical surface with a through hole in the axial direction, one end of the cylindrical barrel is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the base, and the other end of the cylindrical barrel is sleeved outside the first end, so that the cylindrical barrel is slidably connected with the vibration-isolation strut; The sleeve is covered on the outside of the first elastic member.

Further, the shape of the end surface of the second end matches the shape of the outer surface of the mounting base.

Further, the first buffer also includes a second elastic member and a spring retaining ring;

The vibration isolation strut is a stepped shaft structure with thick ends and a thin middle, the middle end is between the first end and the second end, and the second elastic member is sleeved outside the middle end;

The spring retainer is fixed on the other end of the cylinder so that the two ends of the second elastic member abut between the first end and the spring retainer.

Further, the outer diameter of the second end is larger than the inner diameter of the spring retaining ring.

Further, the base is provided with a base, and the base is arranged on both sides of the base opposite to the opening.

Further, a plurality of omnidirectional vibration isolators are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the vibrating body.

Further, the mounting base is a symmetrical structure, and the other end is a round rod structure whose axis passes through the spherical center of the mounting base; the first plane passes through the axis of the round rod structure.

The present invention can obtain following technical effect:

The present invention utilizes the concentrically arranged base and mounting base to improve the vibration isolation stiffness of the vibration isolator to be equal, and adopts the first group of buffer components and the second group of buffer components located in two vertically intersecting planes to further The stiffness of the vibration isolator is improved equal to that of the vibration isolator.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the structural representation of the omnidirectional vibration isolator of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional plan view of a base of an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the mounting seat of the embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of a vibration isolation support according to an embodiment of the present invention;

Fig. 5 is a structural schematic view of the omnidirectional vibration isolator of the embodiment of the present invention when in use;

Fig. 6 is a schematic cross-sectional stereoscopic structure diagram of an omnidirectional vibration isolator according to an embodiment of the present invention.

Reference signs:

Base 1, opening 11, base 12, mounting base 2, vibration isolation strut 3, first end 31, middle end 32, second end 33, spring retaining ring 4, first elastic member 5, cylinder 6, second Two elastic parts 7, a vibration base 8.

Detailed ways

In order to make the object, technical solution and advantages of the present invention clearer, the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described here are only used to explain the present invention, but not to limit the present invention.

Fig. 1 shows the structure of a kind of omnidirectional vibration isolator, in order to isolate the vibration between the vibrating body and the vibration-isolated body, as shown in Fig. 1, the omnidirectional vibration isolator includes base 1, mounting seat 2, A first set of bumper components and a second set of bumper components.

Wherein, FIG. 2 shows the structure of the base. As shown in FIG. 2 , the base 1 is a shell, which is a hollow structure with an opening 11 at one end. The shell of the vibration isolator base 1 can be a cylinder, a cube or other suitable shapes. However, it is required that the base 1 is provided with a spherical inner surface, and the outer surface of the base 1 is fixedly connected with the vibrating body. More specifically, the base 1 is provided with a base 12 , and the base 12 is arranged on two sides of the base 1 opposite to the opening 11 . More specifically, the base 12 is in the shape of a flat plate, and a shell is arranged above the base 12, and the positions of the opening 11 and the base 12 correspond to each other, so that the force between the isolated vibrating body and the vibration-isolated body is as stable as possible. The bottom surface of the base 12 is used to connect the vibrating body with screws.

Wherein, FIG. 3 shows the structure of the mounting base. As shown in FIG. 3 , one end of the mounting base 2 is spherical and placed on the base 1 . The sphere is arranged concentrically with the base 1 when it is installed for the first time, so as to ensure stable stress between the isolated vibrating body and the vibration-isolated body. The diameter of the sphere is smaller than the diameter of the inner surface of the base 1, leaving space for the first set of buffer components and the second buffer component to be installed. The other end of the mounting base 2 protrudes from the opening 11 for fixed connection with the vibration-isolating body. More specifically, the other end of the mounting base 2 is provided with a plane, which is connected to the vibration-isolating body through screws.

Among them, the first group of buffer components includes a plurality of first buffers located in the first plane, and the plurality of first buffers are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the mounting base 2; the second group of buffer components includes a plurality of buffers located in the second The second buffer in the plane, a plurality of second buffers are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction of the mounting seat 2; the first buffer and the second buffer are arranged between the inner surface of the base 1 and the outer surface of the mounting seat 2 The space between the base 1 and the mounting base 2 is elastically connected to absorb the vibration between the two; the first plane and the second plane are vertically arranged. As shown in FIG. 2 and FIG. 6 , both the first plane and the second plane pass through the center of the spherical inner surface of the base 1 . In Fig. 6, the base 1 is cut at the first plane, and there are four first buffers on the cross section, and the first buffers are evenly distributed at one end of the spherical shape of the mount 2; the second plane is perpendicular to the first plane and Passing through the center of the base 1 , the four second buffers are evenly distributed on the inner surface of the base 1 . The number of the first buffer is equivalent to the number of the second buffer, at least 4 and an even number.

Because the first plane and the second plane are vertically arranged, if the normal direction of the first plane is the X direction, and the normal direction of the second plane is the Y direction, the separation can be realized in the X direction and the Y direction respectively in space. vibration effect. Vibrations in other non-X, Y positive directions can also be decomposed into X, Y positive directions, so as to achieve the effect of omnidirectional vibration isolation.

As shown in FIG. 1 , the first group of buffer components includes four first buffers, and the four first buffers are evenly distributed on a first plane, and the first plane is a surface passing through the center of the sphere of the base 1 . The second set of buffer assemblies includes four second buffers. There may also be multiple first buffers and second buffers of twelve or sixteen. However, the number of the second buffer is preferably the same as the number of the first buffer, so that the stiffness of the vibration isolator in the three directions of X, Y, and Z is equal, and the difference in vibration isolation effect is small.

For the structure of the first buffer and the second buffer, the buffer structure commonly used in the field of shock absorption can be adopted, and the structure of the first buffer and the second buffer is preferably consistent, so that the effect of isolating vibration in the positive direction of X and Y is consistent. , the vibration isolation effect is more uniform.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, one end of the first buffer is fixedly connected to the base, and the shape of the end surface of the other end of the first buffer in elastic contact with the mounting base 2 matches the shape of the outer surface of the mounting base 2 . One end of the second buffer is fixedly connected to the base, and the shape of the end surface of the other end of the second buffer that is in elastic contact with the mounting base 2 matches the shape of the outer surface of the mounting base 2 . In this way, the contact area between the second buffer and the mounting base 2 can be increased, and the smooth rotation of the two can be facilitated.

Preferably, the outer surface of the spherical part of the mount 2 is made of frictional damping material, and the other end of the second buffer and the other end of the first buffer are both frictional damping materials. The friction damping material can be used to isolate the translational vibration, and the frictional damping material can also be used to isolate the rotational vibration during rotation. The frictional damping material can be rubber, plastic, metal wire, metal rubber material, etc.

In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, as shown in FIG. 1 , the structure of the first buffer includes a cylinder 6 , a first elastic member 5 and a vibration isolation strut 3 .

Wherein, the vibration isolation strut 3 is a stepped cylindrical structure. It includes a second end 33 in contact with the mounting base 2 and a first end 31 away from the mounting base 2 .

Wherein, the cylinder 6 is a cylindrical surface with a through hole in the axial direction, and is a hollow cylindrical protrusion structure disposed on the inner surface of the base 1 for mounting the first elastic member 5 . One end of the cylindrical barrel 6 is fixedly connected to the inner surface of the base 1, and the other end of the cylindrical barrel 6 is sleeved on the outside of the first end 31, and the first end 31 and the cylindrical barrel 6 form a structure of a slider and a guide rail. The vibration isolation strut 3 has a guiding function.

Wherein, the first elastic member 5 is placed inside the cylinder 6 , one end of which abuts against the inner surface of the base 1 , and the other end of the first elastic member 5 abuts against the vibration-isolation strut 3 . The vibration isolating strut 3 can be slidably connected with the vibration isolating strut 3 under the action of the first elastic member 5 . When there is vibration between the vibrating body and the vibration-isolated body, the first elastic member 5 is stressed to change the length of the vibration-isolation strut 3 extending into the cylinder 6 .

Among them, the inner surface of the base 1 has eight hollow cylindrical protrusion structures for installing the first elastic member 5, and the eight hollow cylindrical protrusion structures are equally divided into two groups, and are evenly arranged on two mutually perpendicular sections. Inside. In actual products, the base 1 of the vibration isolator can be divided into upper and lower parts for casting and processing, and can be assembled as a whole by spot welding or other methods during overall installation.

The main body of the mounting seat 2 is a sphere, and the upper end is a round rod structure passing through the center of the sphere of the main body. The mounting seat 2 has a symmetrical structure as a whole. A plurality of first buffers and a plurality of second buffers are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the mounting base 2, that is, a plurality of first buffers are symmetrically arranged with respect to the center line of symmetry of the mounting base 2, and a plurality of second buffers The arrangement is symmetrical about the center line of symmetry of the mounting seat 2 . The end of the round rod structure is a threaded hole, and the equipment that needs vibration isolation is installed on the omnidirectional vibration isolator through the threaded hole. The round bar structure can be a cylindrical bar or a stepped bar, preferably a stepped bar, because the stepped bar can form a limit block to prevent the round bar structure from completely entering the base 1 . The outer surface of the sphere part of the mounting seat 2 is a frictional damping material. During translation, the first elastic member 5 is stretched and stretched by squeezing the vibration isolation strut 3 to isolate the translational vibration. When rotating, the vibration isolation strut 3 and The frictional damping material on the mounting base 2 enables the vibration isolation strut 3 and the mounting base 2 to rub against each other to isolate the rotational vibration.

Preferably, the first buffer also includes a second elastic member 7 and a spring retaining ring 4 .

Wherein, as shown in FIG. 4 , the vibration isolation strut 3 is a stepped shaft structure, and an intermediate end 32 is provided between the first end 31 and the second end 33 , and the diameter of the intermediate end 32 is smaller than that of the first end 31 . The structure of the second elastic member 7 is a ring, which is sleeved on the outside of the middle end 32 .

The retaining ring 4 is fixed on the end of the cylinder 6 away from the base. The spring retaining ring 4 is installed on the end of the cylindrical protrusion structure inside the vibration isolator base 1 by spot welding or other suitable methods. The inner diameter of the circlip 4 is smaller than that of the cylinder 6 , so that both ends of the second elastic member 7 are abutted between the first end 31 and the circlip 4 , and the second elastic member 7 is encapsulated inside the cylinder 6 . In this way, the second elastic member 7 and the first elastic member 5 are distributed on both sides of the first end 31, so that both sides of the first end 31 have vibration isolation capability, so that the vibration isolation effect is consistent and the vibration isolation effect is more uniform.

The vibration isolation strut 3 realizes translational vibration isolation by compressing or stretching the second elastic member 7 and the first elastic member 5. The middle end 32 of the cylinder 6 is a cylinder, and the diameter of the middle end is smaller than that of the spring-type second elastic member 7 The second end 33 of the cylinder 6 is a circular arc structure with the same diameter as the mounting seat 2, and the surface of the circular arc structure is a friction damping material, which rubs against the cylinder of the mounting seat 2 during rotation to achieve rotational vibration isolation.

The second elastic member 7 and the first elastic member 5 can be springs, or elastic connecting members commonly used in the mechanical field such as hollow rubber columns. The second elastic member 7 and the first elastic member 5 are adjustable components, which can be adjusted according to different usage weights, different rigidity requirements, different usage durability spectrums and other requirements to meet different usage requirements.

More specifically, the outer diameter of the second end 33 is larger than the inner diameter of the spring retainer 4 . Prevent the vibration isolation strut 3 from completely entering the inside of the cylinder 6 .

Preferably, the second end 33 is a friction damping material.

Preferably, the shape of the end surface of the second end 33 of the vibration isolation strut 3 matches the shape of the outer surface of the mounting seat 2 .

During use, as shown in Figure 5, when the top of example vibrator has a vibrating base 8, base 12 is a rectangular plane, the center of the rectangular plane is a threaded hole, and the omnidirectional vibration isolator passes through these threads on the base 1 The holes are installed and fixed on the external vibration base 8. Usually, four or more vibration isolators are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the vibration base 8, and the threaded holes at the upper end of the mounting seat 2 are used to install devices that require vibration isolation. The vibration isolation strut 3 compresses or stretches the first elastic member 5 Translational vibration is isolated, and rotation is isolated through the action of the frictional damping material between the vibration isolation strut 3 and the mounting base 2 . The present invention solves the requirement that the existing vibration isolators cannot simultaneously satisfy omnidirectional vibration isolation of translation and rotation and realize equal stiffness in each vibration direction.

In the description of this specification, descriptions with reference to the terms "one embodiment", "some embodiments", "example", "specific examples", or "some examples" mean that specific features described in connection with the embodiment or example , structure, material or characteristic is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, the schematic representations of the above terms are not necessarily directed to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the described specific features, structures, materials or characteristics may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples. In addition, those skilled in the art can combine and combine different embodiments or examples and features of different embodiments or examples described in this specification without conflicting with each other.

Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it should be understood that the above embodiments are exemplary and should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Those skilled in the art can make changes, modifications, substitutions and modifications to the above-mentioned embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

The above specific implementation manners of the present invention do not constitute a limitation to the protection scope of the present invention. Any other corresponding changes and modifications made according to the technical concept of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (9)

1. An omnidirectional vibration isolator is used for isolating vibration between a vibrating body and an isolated body and is characterized by comprising a base (1), a mounting seat (2), a first group of buffer assemblies and a second group of buffer assemblies;

the base (1) is of a hollow structure with an opening (11), the inner surface of the base (1) is a spherical surface, and the base (1) is fixedly connected with the vibrating body or the vibration-isolated body;

one end of the mounting seat (2) is spherical and is arranged in the hollow structure of the base (1), and the other end of the mounting seat (2) extends out of the opening (11) to be fixedly connected with the vibration-isolated body or the vibration body;

the first group of buffer assemblies comprise a plurality of first buffers which are positioned in a first plane and are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the mounting seat (2);

the second group of buffer assemblies comprise a plurality of second buffers which are positioned in a second plane and are uniformly distributed in the circumferential direction of the mounting seat (2);

the number of the first buffers is equal to the number of the second buffers and is an even number greater than or equal to 4;

the first buffers are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the mounting seat (2), and the second buffers are symmetrically arranged on two sides of the mounting seat (2);

the first plane and the second plane are arranged perpendicularly;

the first buffer and the second buffer are connected between the inner surface of the base (1) and the outer surface of the mounting seat (2) so that the base (1) and the mounting seat (2) are elastically connected;

the first buffer and the second buffer are identical in structure;

one end of the first buffer is fixedly connected with the base (1), the other end of the first buffer is in elastic contact with the mounting seat (2), and the other end or the outer surface of the mounting seat (2) is made of a friction damping material.

2. An omnidirectional isolator according to claim 1, wherein the shape of the end surface of said other end matches the shape of the outer surface of said mounting base (2).

3. The omnidirectional isolator of claim 1, wherein the first bumper comprises a cylindrical barrel (6), a first resilient member (5), and a vibration isolation strut (3);

one end of the first elastic piece (5) is abutted against the inner surface of the base (1), and the other end of the first elastic piece (5) is abutted against the vibration isolation support rod (3);

the vibration isolation support rod (3) is clamped between the first elastic piece (5) and the outer surface of the mounting seat (2) under the action of the first elastic piece (5);

the vibration isolation support rod (3) is provided with a second end (33) which is in contact with the mounting seat (2) and a first end (31) which is far away from the mounting seat (2);

the cylindrical barrel (6) is a cylindrical surface with a through hole in the axial direction, one end of the cylindrical barrel (6) is fixedly connected with the inner surface of the base (1), and the other end of the cylindrical barrel (6) is sleeved outside the first end (31) so that the cylindrical barrel (6) is in sliding connection with the vibration isolation supporting rod (3); the cylinder (6) is sleeved outside the first elastic piece (5).

4. An omnidirectional isolator according to claim 3, characterized in that the shape of the end surface of said second end (33) matches the shape of the outer surface of said mounting base (2).

5. The omnidirectional isolator of claim 3, wherein the first bumper further comprises a second elastomeric member (7) and a circlip (4);

the vibration isolation support rod (3) is of a stepped shaft structure with two thick ends and a thin middle part, a middle end (32) is arranged between the first end (31) and the second end (33), and the second elastic piece (7) is sleeved outside the middle end (32);

the spring retainer ring (4) is fixed to the other end of the cylindrical barrel (6), and two ends of the second elastic piece (7) are abutted between the first end (31) and the spring retainer ring (4).

6. The omnidirectional isolator of claim 5, wherein the outer diameter of the second end (33) is greater than the inner diameter of the circlip (4).

7. An omnidirectional isolator according to claim 1, characterized in that said base (1) is provided with a seat (12), said seat (12) being arranged on both sides of said base (1) opposite said opening (11).

8. The omnidirectional isolator of claim 1, wherein a plurality of omnidirectional isolators are evenly distributed about a circumference of the vibrating body.

9. The omnidirectional isolator according to claim 1, wherein the mounting base (2) is a symmetrical structure, and the other end is a round rod structure with an axis passing through the center of the sphere of the mounting base (2); the first plane passes through an axis of the round bar structure.

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