CN113907853B - Enterogastric surgery abdominal cavity operation puncture device - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention proposes a puncture device for abdominal surgery in gastrointestinal surgery to solve the problems that the existing puncture device sleeve is not easy to penetrate, the sleeve is not firmly fixed during the operation, and the gas replenishing structure is not perfect; it includes a sleeve assembly and an insertable The puncture needle assembly in the cannula assembly, the cannula assembly is divided into inner and outer layers, the outer layer is an outer sleeve with a smooth surface and a chamfered bottom, the inner layer is a core sleeve that is threaded to the inner wall of the outer sleeve, and the outer sleeve There is a gas injection pipeline connected to the inside of the outer casing, and a plurality of air outlet holes uniformly distributed along its circumference and connected inside and outside are provided at the lower part of the outer casing. The claws are folded outwards and the outer side is provided with a coating film. The puncture needle assembly includes a needle body with a through hole in the axis, a needle head threaded with the lower end of the needle body and a locking rod inserted into the through hole. The sleeve is rotated and connected with an adhesive base that can be adhered to the skin.

Description

Peritoneal puncture device for gastrointestinal surgery

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of medical puncture equipment, in particular to a puncture device for abdominal surgery in gastrointestinal surgery.

Background technique

The laparoscopic trocar is suitable for the delivery of gas in minimally invasive surgery and the creation of channels for endoscopes and surgical instruments to enter and exit the body cavity from the outside, various laparoscopic operations, including surgical minimally invasive surgery, gynecological minimally invasive surgery, thoracic surgery, Laparoscopic surgery such as urology can be matched with various laparoscopic TV systems at home and abroad; artificial pneumoperitoneum needs to be established during operation, and the gas required for establishing pneumoperitoneum or the liquid required for flushing should be continuously replenished;

At present, the puncture end of the disposable puncture cannula widely used in clinical practice is arrow-shaped, and the cannula is set on the outside of the puncture needle. , but it is still easy to cause the outer wall of the cannula to scrape the muscle tissue, which affects the puncture; the laparoscopic trocar needs to be inserted obliquely into the abdominal cavity, and the existing laparoscopic trocar cannula cannot maintain an oblique angle and cannot be placed on the abdominal cavity. In addition, when surgical instruments with various functions are repeatedly inserted and pulled out, it is easy to drive the sleeve in and out and wear the puncture site, resulting in air leakage or sleeve prolapse.

Contents of the invention

In view of the above situation, in order to overcome the defects of the prior art, the present invention provides a puncture device for abdominal surgery in gastrointestinal surgery, which solves the problem that the cannula of the existing puncture device is not easy to penetrate, the cannula is not firmly fixed during the operation, and the gas replenishing structure is not enough. Perfect question.

The technical solution is that the present invention includes a cannula assembly and a puncture needle assembly that can be inserted into the cannula assembly. The cannula assembly is divided into inner and outer layers. The layer is a core sleeve that is threadedly connected to the inner wall of the outer casing. The upper part of the outer casing is provided with a gas injection pipe connected to the inside. The upper side is provided with a circular air injection groove; the lower side of the outer wall of the core sleeve is provided with a circular air outlet groove, and the outer wall of the core sleeve is provided with a plurality of air passage grooves uniformly distributed along its circumference, and the air injection groove and the air outlet groove pass through Gas tank connection;

The lower end of the core sleeve is provided with a plurality of elastic claws evenly distributed along its circumference. The claws are folded outwards and the outside is provided with a coating film; There is a support plate connected to its outer wall and diffused outward, and a sealing component is arranged in the support plate;

The puncture needle assembly includes a needle body with a through hole in the center of the shaft, a needle head threadedly connected to the lower end of the needle body, and a locking rod inserted into the through hole. There is a cavity in the middle of the needle head and the outer wall of the cavity is elastic, and the cavity bulges outward. , the cavity is provided with an elastic extruding assembly, and the locking rod is threadedly connected with the elastic extruding assembly;

The outer casing is slidably connected with a fixed sleeve, and the left and right sides of the fixed sleeve are respectively provided with rotating shafts perpendicular to the axis of the outer casing.

Compared with the existing known technology, the technical solution provided by the invention has the following remarkable effects:

1. A double-layer casing assembly is designed. Through the up and down movement of the core sleeve, the opening and closing of the gas injection channel is realized. With the multiple air outlet holes surrounding the outer casing, a more reasonable gas supply structure is provided to help quickly establish Artificial insufflation to prevent gas leakage;

2. At the bottom of the core sleeve, a number of claws that are folded outward are set. The claws and the coating film are screwed in or out as the core sleeve moves up and down. When the claws are rotated out, they are folded at the bottom of the outer casing The cannula assembly is blocked in the abdominal cavity, thereby effectively preventing the cannula assembly from being taken out when inserting and pulling out the instrument, avoiding intraoperative risks;

3. A new spliced puncture needle assembly is designed, using a lock bar that runs through the needle body to connect the balloon in the needle head, and the lock bar squeezes the balloon to keep the cavity on the needle head open, so that it is located outside the needle body The cannula assembly is easier to penetrate through the muscle tissue, and the linkage between the locking rod and the balloon facilitates the control of the state of the cavity, thereby facilitating the removal of the puncture needle assembly from the cannula assembly.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a front perspective view of the present invention.

Fig. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of the puncture needle assembly of the present invention after it is taken out of the cannula assembly.

Fig. 3 is a schematic structural view of the core sleeve of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the sealing assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a disassembled schematic view of the blocking plate of the present invention.

Fig. 6 is a disassembled schematic view of the puncture needle assembly of the present invention.

Fig. 7 is a schematic structural view of the positioning assembly of the present invention after removing a bonding base.

Fig. 8 is an enlarged view of A in Fig. 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 9 is an enlarged view of B in Fig. 2 of the present invention.

Fig. 10 is an enlarged view of C in Fig. 3 of the present invention.

Detailed ways

The specific implementation manners of the present invention will be described in further detail below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

As shown in Figures 1 to 10, it includes a cannula assembly 1 and a puncture needle assembly 2 that can be inserted into the cannula assembly 1. The cannula assembly 1 is divided into two layers, the outer layer is smooth and the bottom is chamfered. The outer casing 4, the inner layer is a core sleeve 5 threadedly connected to the inner wall of the outer casing 4, the upper position of the outer casing 4 is provided with a gas injection pipeline 6 communicating with the inside, and the lower position of the outer casing 4 is provided with a plurality of pipes uniformly distributed along its circumference. And the air outlet hole 7 that runs through inside and outside, the upper side of the outer wall of the core sleeve 5 is provided with an annular gas injection groove 8; The gas passing grooves 10 uniformly distributed along its circumference, the gas injection groove 8 and the gas outlet groove 9 communicate through the gas groove 10;

The lower end of the core sleeve 5 is provided with a plurality of elastic claws 11 uniformly distributed along its circumference. The claws 11 are folded outward and a coating film 12 is provided on the outside; Pad 13, the upper end of the core sleeve 5 is provided with a support plate 14 connected to its outer wall and diffused outward, and a sealing assembly 15 is provided inside the support plate 14;

The puncture needle assembly 2 includes a needle body 16 with a through hole at the center of the shaft, a needle head 17 threadedly connected to the lower end of the needle body 16, and a locking rod 18 inserted into the through hole. A cavity 19 is provided in the middle of the needle head 17 and the outer wall of the cavity 19 has Elasticity, the cavity 19 bulges outwards, the cavity 19 is provided with an elastic extruding assembly, and the locking rod 18 is threadedly connected with the elastic extruding assembly;

The outer sleeve 4 is slidably connected with a fixed sleeve 20, the left and right sides of the fixed sleeve 20 are respectively provided with rotating shafts 21 perpendicular to the axis of the outer sleeve 4, and the two rotating shafts 21 are respectively rotated and connected with an adhesive base 22 that can be bonded to the skin.

Further, the depth of the outer casing 4 is equal to the length of the core sleeve 5, the height of the gas injection groove 8 from the support plate 14 is equal to the height of the gas injection pipeline 6 from the upper end surface of the outer casing 4, and a plurality of air outlets 7 are located in the same plane , the height of the plane from the lower end surface of the outer casing 4 is equal to the height of the air outlet groove 9 from the lower end surface of the core sleeve 5; Corresponding to the groove 8, a plurality of air outlet holes 7 correspond to the circular air outlet groove 9 respectively, the gas enters the gas injection groove 8 through the gas injection pipeline 6, and then passes through the air groove 10 and the air outlet groove 9, and is discharged from the multiple air outlet holes 7 In addition, when the core sleeve 5 is fully inserted into the outer sleeve, the plurality of claws 11 at the lower end of the core sleeve 5 are folded outward so that the coating film 12 is blocked on the outside of the outer sleeve 4 to prevent the outer sleeve 4 from coming out accidentally.

Further, the sealing assembly 15 includes a circular support seat 23 located in the support plate 14, the support seat 23 is fixed in the support plate 14 by a fixing pin 24, and a plurality of Run through the smoothbore 25 on its inner side wall, and the inside of the smoothbore 25 is slidably connected with a push rod 26, the push rod 26 runs through the side wall of the core sleeve 5, and one end of the push rod 26 inserted into the smoothbore 25 is provided with a thrust spring 27 connected to the bottom of the smoothbore 25. The other end of the rod 26 is provided with a blocking plate 28 located in the core sleeve 5, and the inner side of the blocking plate 28 is provided with a downwardly inclined elastic sealing plate 29, and a plurality of blocking plates 28 can form a complete cylinder; the puncture needle assembly 2 When inserting through the upper port of the core sleeve 5, the outer wall of the needle body 16 squeezes the sealing plate 29 to squeeze its lower end, so that a plurality of sealing plates 29 are opened, and the blocking plate 28 is pushed to make the push rod 26 on the blocking plate 28 move toward Move in smoothbore 25.

Further, the upper end of the support plate 14 is parallel to the upper end of the core sleeve 5, and the inner wall of the upper port of the core sleeve 5 is provided with a relief groove 30 outside the blocking plate 28, and the thickness of the relief groove 30 is equal to the thickness of the blocking plate 28; When the blocking plate 28 is pressed against the inner wall of the relief groove 30 , it is the extreme position where the blocking plate 28 expands outward.

Further, the inner wall of the core sleeve 5 is provided with an annular sealing ring 31 located at the lower end of the relief groove 30, the sealing ring 31 is elastic and its upper end is in close contact with the lower end of the blocking plate 28, and the lower end of the sealing plate 29 is provided with a soft Rubber head 32; when no instrument is inserted into the core sleeve 5, the thrust spring promotes a plurality of blocking plates 28 to form a tight cylinder, and a plurality of sealing plates 29 are in close contact and make a plurality of rubber heads 32 fit in an interference fit to ensure the sealing The sealing performance of the assembly 15, while the sealing ring 31 seals the gap between the blocking plate 28 and the core sleeve 5, ensuring that the overall airtightness is good; when the instrument is inserted into the core sleeve 5, multiple sealing plates 29 are opened, A plurality of blocking plates 28 move to the outside, while the sealing ring 31 is tightly squeezed on the outer wall of the instrument inserted into the core sleeve 5 to ensure the airtightness during the operation. The sealing ring 31 cooperates with the sealing assembly 15 to realize The fixation of the instrument enhances the airtightness.

Further, the elastic extrusion assembly includes a balloon 33 connected to the inner wall of the cavity 19, the lower end of the balloon 33 is provided with a support column 34 connected with the needle 17, and the upper end of the balloon 33 is provided with a coaxial connection with the support column 34. Seat 35, the lower end of locking bar 18 is threadedly connected with connecting seat 35, and the length of locking bar 18 is equal to the height of support column 34 upper end distance needle body 16 upper end faces; After the balloon 33 is squeezed, it abuts against the support column 34, and the squeezed balloon 33 completely stretches the cavity 19, and the maximum cross-sectional diameter of the stretched cavity 19 is larger than the diameter of the lower end surface of the outer sleeve 4 , it is convenient to bring the cannula assembly 1 outside the needle body 16 into the abdominal cavity of the patient.

Further, the bonding base 22 is oval, the upper end of the bonding base 22 is provided with a triangular support frame 36, the support frame 36 is provided with a rotating hole with internal teeth, and the rotating shaft 21 is provided with a plurality of Circumferentially uniform retaining strips 38, the retaining strips 38 protrude outward and cooperate with the locking teeth in the rotating hole, the rotating shaft 21 is provided with a stopper 39 positioned at the inner side of the retaining strips 38, and the outer end of the rotating shaft 21 is threadedly connected with a blocking cap 40, which is fixed The sleeve 20 is threadedly connected with a locking bolt 41 that runs through the interior; screwing the locking bolt 41 can fix the fixed sleeve 20 on the outer casing 4, and under the action of the retaining bar 38 and the locking teeth in the rotating hole, the rotating shaft 21 The rotation requires the action of an external force and has a sense of frustration when rotating, so that the fixed sleeve 20 can be fixed at the current angle after each rotation, and it is convenient to maintain the puncture angle of the cannula assembly 1 .

Further, the upper end of the locking rod 18 is provided with a lifting plate 42, and the axis of the locking rod 18 is provided with a ventilation hole 43 in the vertical direction and passing through the lifting plate 42, and the outlet of the lower end of the ventilation hole 43 is set on the outer wall of the locking rod 18 Above, the upper end of the lifting plate 42 is hinged with a blocking plate 44 that can block the air hole 43; rotating the blocking plate 44 can make the air hole 43 open and close, which is convenient for squeezing and pulling the locking rod 18.

Further, the gas injection pipeline 6 is provided with a regulating valve 45 located outside the casing assembly 1 .

Further, the outer side of the support plate 14 is provided with a plurality of anti-slip strips 46 uniformly distributed along its circumference; the anti-slip strips 46 can effectively prevent the support plate 14 from slipping when the support plate 14 is rotated, and the rotation of the support plate 14 can drive the core sleeve 5 in the outer sleeve 4 Screw in or out.

When in use, support the outer sleeve 4 with one hand, and twist the support disc 14 to rotate it with the other hand. Since the core sleeve 5 is connected with the inner thread of the outer sleeve 4, when the support disc 14 drives the core sleeve 5 to rotate, the core sleeve 5 can move upward along the outer sleeve 4. Move, so that the plurality of claws 11 at the bottom of the core sleeve 5 are retracted into the inside of the core sleeve 5. When the claws 11 are completely moved to the inside of the core sleeve 5, the core sleeve 5 and the outer sleeve 4 are not threaded. The folded claw 11 abuts against the inner wall of the outer sleeve 4;

Insert the locking rod 18 of the puncture needle assembly 2 through the through hole at the upper end of the needle body 16, and then insert the lower end of the locking rod 18 into the needle head 17, so that the lower end of the locking rod 18 is threadedly connected with the connecting seat 35 at the upper end of the balloon 33, And when the lock bar 18 is screwed into the limit depth of the connecting seat 35, the lock bar 18 goes deep into the inside of the balloon 33, and then the upper end of the needle head 17 is screwed to the lower end of the needle body 16. At this time, due to the support of the balloon 33, the lock bar 18 The upper end protrudes above the needle body 16; the puncture needle assembly 2 is inserted from the upper port of the core sleeve 5, the puncture needle assembly 2 first contacts the sealing assembly 15, and the needle head 17 squeezes the sealing plate 29 to make the sealing plate 29 move closer outwards, and make more The two blocking plates 28 move outward along their respective directions, so that the push rod 26 slides to the inside of the smooth chamber 25 and squeezes the thrust spring 27, then the needle 17 passes through the sealing ring 31, and the inner ring of the sealing ring 31 is in close contact with the outer wall of the needle body 16 , until the puncture needle assembly 2 completely passes through the core sleeve 5, the outwardly bulging cavity 19 on the needle 17 is located outside the core sleeve;

The two bonding bases 22 are respectively bonded to the patient's skin on both sides of the puncture point, and the fixed sleeve 20 is rotated so that the rotating shafts 21 on the left and right sides of the fixed sleeve 20 are rotated in the rotating holes respectively, and a plurality of retaining strips 38 are connected with the clips. The cooperation of the teeth makes the rotation of the rotating shaft 21 have a sense of frustration, so that the angle between the opening of the fixed sleeve 20 and the patient's skin surface can be fixed; the assembled cannula assembly 1 and the puncture needle assembly 2 are inserted into the fixed sleeve 20 together, and the rotating plug The plate 44 opens the ventilation hole 43, one hand holds the fixed sleeve 20 and the sleeve assembly 1, and the palm of the other hand presses the lifting plate 42, and the entire puncture needle assembly 2 is moved along the current position of the fixing sleeve 20 by pressing the lifting plate 42. Piercing into the patient’s abdominal muscle tissue at an angle, because the upper end of the locking rod 18 protrudes from the core sleeve 5, when the lifting plate 42 is pressed, the locking rod 18 moves toward the inside of the needle body 16, and the lower end of the locking rod 18 squeezes the balloon 33 until the locking rod 18 When the lower end abuts against the upper end of the support column 34, the lifting plate 42 contacts the upper end of the needle body 16, and the balloon 33 makes the cavity 19 bulge outward and maintain the supporting state. The cannula assembly 1 opens a channel to improve the smoothness of the cannula assembly 1 when it penetrates into the muscle tissue, so as to prevent the cannula assembly 1 from being difficult to penetrate into the muscle tissue; when the resistance is obviously reduced, stop pressing the lifting plate 42 and rotate The locking bolt 41 on the fixed sleeve 20 fixes the sleeve assembly 1 in the fixed sleeve 20, and then pulls the puncture needle assembly 2 outwards. Since the balloon 33 loses the extrusion of the locking rod 18 at this time, the cavity 19 The outer wall of the puncture needle assembly 2 is no longer maintained in a bulging state, thereby facilitating the extraction of the entire puncture needle assembly 2 from the cannula assembly 1;

After the puncture needle assembly 2 is pulled out, under the action of the thrust spring 27, a plurality of push rods 26 push the respective blocking plates 28 toward the axis of the core sleeve 5 until the plurality of blocking plates 28 contact each other to form a closed cylinder. A plurality of sealing plates 29 abut against each other and the rubber heads 32 at the lower ends of the sealing plates 29 are squeezed together to form a seal, while the sealing ring 31 positioned at the lower side of the blocking plate 28 is in close contact with the lower end of the blocking plate 28 (as shown in Figure 8 Shown), prevent gas from flowing out from the make way groove 30;

Rotate the support plate 14 to make the core sleeve 5 move to the bottom of the outer sleeve 4 along the threaded joint until the lower end of the support plate 14 contacts the upper end of the outer sleeve 4, the gas injection groove 8 corresponds to the outlet of the gas injection pipeline 6, and the seal on the core sleeve 5 The pad 13 moves from above the air outlet hole 7 to below the air outlet hole 7, and the air outlet groove 9 corresponds to the multiple air outlet holes 7 on the outer casing 4, so that the air injection groove 8 communicates with the abdominal cavity, and at this time, the multiple claws 11 are separated from the outer jacket The extrusion of the inner wall of the tube 4 automatically folds outwards, and the covering film 12 is unfolded on the bottom of the outer sleeve 4, so that multiple claws 11 and the covering film 12 are blocked inside the abdominal cavity, ensuring the airtightness of the puncture site, and It avoids the phenomenon that the cannula assembly 1 is driven to shake when inserting and pulling out various instruments, causing the cannula assembly 1 to protrude from the abdominal cavity; the gas injection pipeline 6 is connected to the air pump, and the regulating valve 45 is opened to allow the carbon dioxide gas used for artificial insufflation to pass through the gas injection The pipeline 6 enters the gas injection groove 8, and the gas injection groove 8 and the gas outlet groove 9 are connected by a plurality of gas passage grooves 10, so that the carbon dioxide gas smoothly enters the gas outlet groove 9 and is discharged into the abdominal cavity of the patient from the gas outlet hole 7;

The way in and out of the core sleeve 5 for various surgical instruments is consistent with the above-mentioned way of inserting and pulling out the puncture needle assembly 2;

When the casing assembly 1 needs to be removed, it is only necessary to rotate the support disc 14 again to move the core sleeve 5 upwards, shrink the claws 11 and the coating film 12 inside the outer casing 4, and release the grip of the claws 11 on the outer casing 4. block, and then loosen the locking bolt 41 on the fixing sleeve 20, the entire casing assembly 1 can be taken out.

The present invention designs a new type of double-layer casing assembly, through the up and down movement of the core sleeve, the opening and closing of the gas injection channel is realized, and a plurality of air outlet holes surrounding the outer casing provide a more reasonable gas supply structure, helping to quickly Establish artificial pneumoperitoneum to prevent gas leakage; multiple outward-folding claws are set at the bottom of the core sleeve, and the claws and coating film are screwed in or out as the core sleeve moves up and down. Folded at the bottom of the outer cannula, so that the cannula assembly is blocked in the abdominal cavity, thereby effectively preventing the cannula assembly from being taken out when inserting and pulling out the instrument, avoiding intraoperative risks; a new type of spliced puncture needle assembly is designed, using a penetrating The locking bar of the needle body is connected to the balloon inside the needle, and the locking bar squeezes the balloon to keep the cavity on the needle open, making it easier for the cannula assembly located outside the needle to penetrate the muscle tissue, and the locking bar and the balloon The linkage is convenient to control the state of the cavity, so that it is convenient to take out the puncture needle assembly from the cannula assembly.

Claims (10)

1. A puncture device for abdominal surgery in gastrointestinal surgery, comprising a cannula assembly (1), a puncture needle assembly (2) that can be inserted into the cannula assembly (1), and a positioning assembly (3) located outside the cannula assembly (1) , characterized in that the bushing assembly (1) is divided into inner and outer layers, the outer layer is an outer casing (4) with a smooth surface and a chamfered bottom, and the inner layer is a core sleeve threadedly connected to the inner wall of the outer casing (4) (5), the upper position of the outer sleeve (4) is provided with a gas injection pipe (6) connected to the inside, and the lower position of the outer sleeve (4) is provided with a plurality of air outlet holes (7) that are evenly distributed along its circumference and penetrate inside and outside , the upper side of the outer wall of the core sleeve (5) is provided with an annular gas injection groove (8); the lower side of the outer wall of the core sleeve (5) is provided with an annular air outlet groove (9), and the outer wall of the core sleeve (5) is provided There are a plurality of air passage grooves (10) evenly distributed along its circumference, and the air injection groove (8) and the air outlet groove (9) are connected through the air groove (10); the lower end of the core sleeve (5) is provided with a plurality of Elastic claws (11), the claws (11) are folded outwards and the outside is provided with a coating film (12); the outer wall of the core sleeve (5) is provided with a gasket (13) located below the air outlet groove (9) ), the upper end of the core sleeve (5) is provided with a support plate (14) connected to its outer wall and diffused outward, and a sealing assembly (15) is provided inside the support plate (14); The puncture needle assembly (2) includes a needle body (16) with a through hole in the shaft center, a needle head (17) threadedly connected to the lower end of the needle body (16) and a locking rod (18) inserted into the through hole, the middle part of the needle head (17) There is a cavity (19) and the outer wall of the cavity (19) is elastic, the cavity (19) bulges outwards, the cavity (19) is provided with an elastic extruding component, the locking rod (18) and the elastic extruding component threaded connections; The positioning assembly (3) includes a fixed sleeve (20) that is slidably connected to the outer sleeve (4). The left and right sides of the fixed sleeve (20) are respectively provided with rotating shafts (21). The two rotating shafts are located on the same straight line and The axis of the outer casing (4) is vertical, and the two rotating shafts (21) are respectively rotatably connected with an adhesive base (22) that can be bonded to the skin. 2. A puncture device for abdominal surgery in gastrointestinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that the depth of the outer sleeve (4) is equal to the length of the core sleeve (5), and the distance between the gas injection groove (8) and the support plate ( The height of 14) is equal to the height of the gas injection pipeline (6) from the upper end surface of the outer casing (4), and the multiple air outlet holes (7) are located in the same plane, and the height of the plane from the lower end surface of the outer casing (4) is equal to the air outlet groove ( 9) The height from the lower end face of the core sleeve (5). 3. A puncture device for abdominal surgery in gastrointestinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, the sealing assembly (15) includes a circular support seat (23) located in the support plate (14), the support seat (23) is fixed in the support plate (14) by the fixed pin (24). The support seat (23) is provided with a plurality of smooth bores (25) uniformly distributed along its circumference and penetrating through its inner side wall. The smooth bore (25) is slidably connected There is a push rod (26), which runs through the side wall of the core sleeve (5), and one end of the push rod (26) inserted into the smooth bore (25) is provided with a thrust spring (27) connected to the bottom of the smooth bore (25), The other end of the push rod (26) is provided with a blocking plate (28) located in the core sleeve (5), the inner side of the blocking plate (28) is provided with a downwardly inclined sealing plate (29), and a plurality of blocking plates (28 ) can form a complete cylinder. 4. A puncture device for abdominal surgery in gastrointestinal surgery according to claim 3, characterized in that, the upper end of the support plate (14) is parallel to the upper end of the core sleeve (5), and the inner wall of the upper port of the core sleeve (5) is opened There is a relief groove (30) located on the outside of the blocking plate (28), and the thickness of the relief groove (30) is equal to the thickness of the blocking plate (28). 5. A puncture device for abdominal surgery in gastrointestinal surgery according to claim 4, characterized in that, the inner wall of the core sleeve (5) is provided with an annular sealing ring (31) located at the lower end of the relief groove (30) , the sealing ring (31) is elastic and its upper end is in close contact with the lower end of the blocking plate (28), and the lower end of the sealing plate (29) is provided with a soft rubber head (32). 6. A puncture device for abdominal surgery in gastrointestinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, the elastic extrusion component includes a balloon (33) connected to the inner wall of the cavity (19), and the lower end of the balloon (33) is There is a support column (34) connected with the needle (17), the upper end of the balloon (33) is provided with a connecting seat (35) coaxial with the support column (34), and the lower end of the locking rod (18) is connected to the connecting seat (35) Threaded connection, the length of the lock bar (18) is equal to the height of the upper end of the support column (34) from the upper end surface of the needle body (16). 7. A puncture device for abdominal surgery in gastrointestinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, the bonding base (22) is oval, and the upper end of the bonding base (22) is provided with a triangular support frame (36) , the support frame (36) is provided with a rotating hole with internal teeth, and the rotating shaft (21) is provided with a plurality of retaining strips (38) uniformly distributed along its circumference, and the retaining strips (38) protrude outward and are aligned with the rotating hole. The locking teeth inside are matched, the shaft (21) is provided with a stopper (39) located inside the retaining strip (38), the outer end of the shaft (21) is threaded with a blocking cap (40), and the fixed sleeve (20) is threaded There are locking bolts (41) running through it. 8. A puncture device for abdominal surgery in gastrointestinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that a lifting plate (42) is provided at the upper end of the lock bar (18), and a The upper and lower directions are arranged and run through the air hole (43) of the lifting plate (42). The outlet at the lower end of the air hole (43) is set on the outer wall of the lock bar (18). The blocking plate (44) of air hole (43). 9 . The puncture device for abdominal surgery in gastrointestinal surgery according to claim 1 , characterized in that, the gas injection pipeline ( 6 ) is provided with an adjustment valve ( 45 ) located outside the cannula assembly ( 1 ). 10 . 10. A puncture device for abdominal surgery in gastrointestinal surgery according to claim 1, characterized in that, a plurality of anti-slip strips (46) uniformly distributed along its circumferential direction are provided on the outer side of the support plate (14).

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