CN113906880B - A device for furrowing and fertilizing rice tillering stage and its working method - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a device for ditching and fertilizing at the tillering stage of rice and a working method thereof. The device for ditching and fertilizing at the tillering stage of rice comprises a chassis and a device for ditching and fertilizing; the device for ditching and fertilizing is fixed to the chassis through a three-point suspension mechanism. Connected, the ditching and fertilizing device can move up and down under the drive of the chassis hydraulic cylinder; the ditching and fertilizing device includes a frame, a ditching mechanism, a fertilizer discharge mechanism and a profiling mechanism; the ditching device is installed directly behind the frame ; The fertilizer discharge mechanism is fixed directly above the chassis. The present invention can synchronously copy ditching, lateral deep fertilization and soil covering operations in paddy fields during the tillering stage of rice, reduces the influence of different mud foot depths and mud surface unevenness on ditching effect in paddy fields, and improves ditching stability and fertilization Uniformity, realize mechanized high-efficiency side-deep fertilization during rice tillering stage, and improve fertilizer utilization rate.

Description

A rice tillering stage fertilization device and its working method

technical field

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural equipment, and more specifically, relates to a device for furrowing and fertilizing rice at the tillering stage and a working method thereof.

Background technique

Rice is the food crop with the widest planting area, the highest yield per unit area and the largest total output in China. China is the largest producer and consumer of food crops in the world. Its rice production ranks first among all food crops. Rice planting has a long history, and The planting area is widely distributed. Rice production is related to my country's food security, agricultural income increase, and farmers' income increase. Deep topdressing with solid fertilizer at the tillering stage of rice is a fertilization technology that applies fertilizer under the soil between rows of rice at the tillering stage, which has the advantages of labor saving, labor saving and low pollution. At present, the traditional tillering fertilizer is applied by surface throwing, which is labor-intensive for farmers, and the artificial throwing is uneven. After throwing fertilizer into the paddy field, most of the fertilizer is distributed far away from the root system of rice seedlings, which is not conducive to the absorption and utilization of rice root system, and the loss of fertilizer is large. The rate of fertilization is low, the total amount of fertilization continues to increase, but the yield has not increased significantly, the cost of fertilization is too high, and excessive fertilizer application also causes environmental pollution problems, which is not conducive to the sustainable development of food cultivation. Therefore, adopting a reasonable fertilization method is an effective means to increase rice yield, save production cost, reduce labor intensity and reduce environmental pollution. Most of the rice topdressing machines on the market are fertilizer spreading machines, and topdressing machines for deep application of solid fertilizer in the tillering stage of rice are relatively rare, so it is urgent to apply fertilizer from the surface to the deep layer.

Contents of the invention

The present invention aims at overcoming at least one defect (deficiency) of the above-mentioned prior art, and provides a ditch fertilization device and a working method thereof at the tillering stage of rice to solve the problem of deep fertilization of crops.

In order to solve the problems of the technologies described above, the technical scheme that the present invention takes is:

A furrowing and fertilizing device in the tillering stage of rice, including a chassis and a furrowing and fertilizing device;

The ditching and fertilizing device is fixedly connected with the chassis through a three-point suspension mechanism, the chassis is provided with a hydraulic cylinder, and the ditching and fertilizing device can move up and down under the drive of the chassis hydraulic cylinder; the ditching and fertilizing device includes a frame, a ditch mechanism, fertilizer discharge mechanism and profiling mechanism; the profiling mechanism and ditching mechanism are installed directly behind the frame; the fertilizer discharge mechanism is fixed directly above the chassis.

In one of the embodiments, the fertilizer discharge mechanism is installed directly above the chassis; the fertilizer discharge mechanism is provided with a fertilizer discharger and a fertilizer discharge motor; by adjusting the opening of the fertilizer discharger and by changing the driving speed Real-time adjustment of the rotation speed of the fertilizer discharge motor to achieve the purpose of precise fertilization.

In one of the embodiments, the chassis is provided with a lifting frame; the lifting frame can move up and down driven by the hydraulic cylinder of the chassis, thereby driving the ditching and fertilizing device to move up and down.

In one of the embodiments, the profiling mechanism includes an integral profiling mechanism, a horizontal profiling mechanism and a single profiling mechanism.

In one of the embodiments, the integral profiling mechanism is provided with a connecting plate, and the integral profiling mechanism is fixedly connected to the machine frame through the connecting plate; the chassis is also provided with a gate line, and the integral profiling mechanism is connected with the machine frame. The frame is relatively connected and connected with the gate line on the chassis; the horizontal profiling mechanism is hingedly connected with the lifting frame, and is connected with the frame through a bolt group; the single profiling mechanism is connected with the frame and evenly distributed; the profiling mechanism The ditching mechanism is always close to the mud surface, and the depth of the mud ditch opened by the ditching mechanism is more uniform.

In one of the embodiments, the ditching mechanism includes a floating plate, a ditch opener and a soil cover;

The number of the ditching mechanism is consistent with the number of the monomer profiling mechanism; the floating plate is connected with the monomer profiling mechanism; the ditch opener is installed in the rear of the floating plate; The side and rear of the mud surface; the floating plate is close to the mud surface, and the ditch opener is submerged in the mud to ditch the mud surface during movement; the soil cover device covers the mud ditch after ditching.

A working method applied to the above rice tillering stage ditching and fertilizing device, comprising the following working steps:

S1: Drain the water in the paddy field to be ditching tillering stage;

S2: Move the furrowing and fertilizing device at the rice tillering stage to the paddy field to be ditched, and adjust the distance between the chassis so that the chassis and the furrowing and fertilizing device are located between two rows of rice seedlings;

S3: Adjust the height of the ditching mechanism so that the ditching mechanism is close to the mud surface, and adjust the profiling sensitivity according to the hardness of the mud surface;

S4: The chassis drives the ditching mechanism to move, so that the ditching mechanism can ditch the mud surface during the movement;

S5: Open the fertilizer discharge mechanism to discharge the fertilizer into the ditch after ditching;

S6: After the fertilizer falls to the mud ditch, cover the mud ditch with mud.

Further, the number of ditching mechanisms is preferably 5-15 groups. By setting multiple groups of ditching mechanisms, multiple rows of crops can be fertilized simultaneously, with high operation efficiency and good operation quality, and can meet the requirements of top dressing of crops. Further preferably, the number of ditching mechanisms is singular, preferably 5, 7 or 9 groups. (minimum 5 groups)

By setting up a fertilizer discharge mechanism, the fertilizer is discharged into the mud ditch after ditching through the fertilizer discharge pipe, thereby realizing automatic ditching and fertilization, and solving the problems of labor-intensive and low efficiency caused by traditional manual ditching and fertilization. It has the beneficial effects of deep fertilization, labor saving and high efficiency.

In the technical solution, the ditching mechanism is adapted to the height change of the mud surface by setting the lifting frame. When the mud surface is high, the ditching mechanism is adjusted to rise by controlling the lifting frame to rise; when the mud surface is low, the ditching mechanism is adjusted to descend by controlling the lifting frame to make the ditching mechanism always close to the mud surface , so that the depth of the mud ditch opened by the ditching mechanism is more uniform.

The overall profiling mechanism is mainly used to sense the change of the mud surface, to ensure the same fertilization depth, to prevent the mud from being blocked, so that the ditching mechanism maintains a stable posture relative to the mud surface during operation.

Since the opener is set on the floating plate, when the contact degree between the floating plate and the mud surface is small, the opening angle of the opener becomes shallow; when the contact degree between the floating plate and the mud surface is large, the opening angle of the opener becomes shallow. The groove angle also becomes deeper. Furthermore, the opener can be adapted to mud angles of different heights.

Further, the ditch opener is detachably connected to the floating plate, so as to facilitate the replacement of different types of ditch openers for ditching.

Compared with prior art, the beneficial effect of the present invention is:

The present invention not only realizes ditch fertilization and soil covering, but also greatly reduces the influence of mud level fluctuations during work, improves the stability, accuracy and uniformity of ditching, and realizes the stability of mud ditch depth after ditching.

The invention has a simple structure, and can control and drive the ditching mechanism to perform topdressing at the same depth on mud surfaces with different hardness and heights, thereby reducing the influence of different fertilization depths on the nutrient absorption of crops.

In the present invention, the overall profiling mechanism is set to drive the ditching mechanism to move up and down on mud surfaces of different heights; the horizontal profiling mechanism is set to make the frame tilt left and right, and drive the ditching mechanisms on the left and right sides to tilt to adapt to the left and right Mud surfaces with different heights on both sides; by setting a single profiling mechanism, each group of ditching mechanisms can perform up and down profiling on its own according to the terrain changes to adapt to mud surfaces of different heights.

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is a perspective view of the present invention.

Figure 2 is an enlarged view of the area circled in Figure 1.

Fig. 3 is a front view of the present invention.

Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the overall profiling mechanism of the present invention.

Fig. 5 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the horizontal profiling mechanism and the frame.

Fig. 6 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the independent profiling mechanism and the ditching mechanism.

Fig. 7 is a schematic diagram of the installation structure of the ditching mechanism.

Detailed ways

The accompanying drawings of the present invention are only for illustrative purposes, and should not be construed as limiting the present invention. In order to better illustrate the following embodiments, some components in the drawings will be omitted, enlarged or reduced, and do not represent the size of the actual product; for those skilled in the art, some known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted. understandable.

As shown in Figures 1 to 7, a device for ditching and fertilizing rice in the tillering stage of the present invention includes a chassis and a device for ditching and fertilizing; the device for ditching and fertilizing is connected to the chassis by a three-point suspension mechanism, and the chassis is provided with The hydraulic cylinder, the ditching and fertilizing device can move up and down under the drive of the chassis hydraulic cylinder; the ditching and fertilizing device includes a frame 200, a ditching mechanism 300, a fertilizer discharge mechanism 110 and a profiling mechanism; the profiling mechanism and the opening The ditch mechanism 300 is installed directly behind the frame 200; the fertilizer discharge mechanism 110 is fixed directly above the chassis.

The fertilizer discharge mechanism 110 is installed directly above the chassis; the fertilizer discharge mechanism 110 is provided with a fertilizer discharge device and a fertilizer discharge motor; by adjusting the opening of the fertilizer discharge device and by changing the driving speed, the speed of the fertilizer discharge motor can be adjusted in real time. Speed, to achieve the purpose of precise strip application.

The chassis is provided with a lifting frame 120; the lifting frame 120 can move up and down under the drive of the hydraulic oil cylinder of the chassis, and then drive the ditching and fertilizing device to move up and down.

The profiling mechanism includes a whole profiling mechanism 400 , a horizontal profiling mechanism and a single profiling mechanism 700 .

The integral profiling mechanism 400 is provided with a connecting plate, and the integral profiling mechanism 400 is fixedly connected with the frame 200 through the connecting plate; Relatively connected and connected with the gate line 130 on the chassis; the horizontal profiling mechanism is hingedly connected with the lifting frame 120, and connected with the frame 200 through a bolt group; the single profiling mechanism 700 is connected with the frame 200 and evenly distributed; the The profiling mechanism makes the ditching mechanism 300 close to the mud surface all the time, thereby making the depth of the mud ditch opened by the ditching mechanism 300 more uniform.

The ditching mechanism 300 includes a floating plate 320, a ditch opener 330 and a soil covering device 340; the number of the ditching mechanism 300 is consistent with the number of the single profiling mechanism 700; the floating plate 320 corresponds to the single profiling mechanism 700 connection; the ditch opener 330 is installed behind the floating plate 320; the soil cover 340 is installed on the floating plate 320 and behind the side of the ditch opener 330; the floating plate 320 is close to the mud surface, and the ditch opener 330 Submerged in the mud to ditch the mud surface while moving; the soil covering device 340 covers the ditched mud ditch with soil.

The present invention also discloses a working method applied to the above rice tillering stage ditching and fertilizing device, comprising the following working steps:

S1: Drain the water in the paddy field to be ditching tillering stage;

S2: Move the furrowing and fertilizing device at the rice tillering stage to the paddy field to be ditched, and adjust the distance between the chassis so that the chassis and the furrowing and fertilizing device are located between two rows of rice seedlings;

S3: Adjust the height of the ditching mechanism 300 so that the ditching mechanism 300 is close to the mud surface, and adjust the profiling sensitivity according to the hardness of the mud surface;

S4: The chassis drives the ditching mechanism 300 to move, so that the ditching mechanism 300 ditches the mud surface during the movement;

S5: Open the fertilizer discharge mechanism 110 to discharge the fertilizer into the ditch after ditching;

S6: After the fertilizer falls to the mud ditch, cover the mud ditch with mud.

Example 1

As shown in Figures 1 and 2, this embodiment discloses a device for ditching and fertilizing rice during the tillering stage, including a car body 100, a frame 200, and several ditching mechanisms 300; wherein, the ditching mechanism 300 is used to Ditch the mud surface; the ditching mechanism 300 is connected with the frame 200, the frame 200 is connected with the car body 100, and the car body 100 is used to drive the frame 200 to move, and then drive the ditching mechanism 300 to move, so as to realize Ditch the dirt surface.

Further, the body 100 is provided with a fertilizer discharge mechanism 110 for placing and discharging fertilizers; the bottom of the fertilizer discharge mechanism 110 is provided with a fertilizer discharge pipe 111, and the fertilizer discharge pipe 111 is connected with the ditching mechanism 300 for opening The ditch mechanism 300 discharges fertilizer in the mud ditch after ditching.

Preferably, a fertilizer discharge motor is provided at the connection position between the fertilizer discharge mechanism 110 and the fertilizer discharge pipe 111 , and the fertilizer discharge motor is electrically connected to the vehicle body 100 and controls the opening and closing of the fertilizer discharge mechanism 110 through the vehicle body 100 .

Preferably, a fertilizer discharge volume regulating device is provided at the connection position between the fertilizer discharge mechanism 110 and the fertilizer discharge pipe 111 for controlling the fertilizer discharge volume.

Further preferably, the vehicle body 100 is provided with a sensor for sensing the vehicle speed of the vehicle body 100; the sensor is connected to the fertilizer discharge adjustment device, and is used to transmit a signal to the fertilizer discharge adjustment device when the vehicle speed is fast, so as to discharge The fertilizer volume regulating device increases the outflow of the fertilizer discharge volume; on the contrary, when the speed of the vehicle is slow, the signal is transmitted to the fertilizer discharge volume adjustment device, so that the fertilizer discharge volume adjustment device reduces the outflow of the fertilizer discharge volume.

In addition, the working mode of the car body 100 is not limited, and it can be a direct control operation mode, or a remote control operation mode to achieve opening.

Further, there are 5 sets of ditching mechanisms 300 , and the 5 sets of ditching mechanisms 300 are sequentially arranged on the frame 200 from left to right.

As shown in Figure 3, further, a lifting frame 120 is also provided between the car body 100 and the frame 200, and the car body 100 moves up and down by controlling the lifting frame 120, and then controls the frame 200 and the ditching mechanism 300 to move up and down, so as to Adapt to the height change of the mud surface.

Specifically, when the mud surface is high, the lifting frame 120 is controlled to rise, and then the ditching mechanism 300 is adjusted to rise; when the mud surface is low, the ditching mechanism 300 is adjusted to descend by controlling the lifting frame 120; The ditch mechanism 300 is always in close contact with the mud surface, thereby making the depth of the mud ditch opened by the ditch mechanism 300 more uniform.

As shown in Fig. 4, further, between the vehicle body 100 and the frame 200, there are brake wires 130 and an integral profiling mechanism 400, and the overall profiling mechanism 400 includes connecting plates and buoys 410 connected to each other; wherein, the brake wires 130 is connected with the car body 100, and the connection plate is connected with the frame 200; the buoy 410 is in contact with the mud surface, and moves up and down with the change of the mud surface, and then drives the connection plate to move up and down; the gate line 130 is used to obtain the connection plate The mobile signal is fed back to the car body 100, and then the car body 100 controls the lifting frame 120 to move up and down, so that the frame 200 and the ditching mechanism 300 move up and down to adapt to the change in the height of the mud surface.

As shown in FIG. 4, in this embodiment, the connecting plates include a first longitudinal connecting plate 420, a second longitudinal connecting plate 430 and a transverse connecting plate 440; wherein, the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 is fixedly connected to the buoy 410, and the second longitudinal connecting plate 420 is fixedly connected to the buoy 410, and the second longitudinal connecting plate 420 The connecting plate 430 is fixedly connected with the transverse connecting plate 440, and the transverse connecting plate 440 is fixedly connected with the frame 200; the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 is movably connected with the transverse connecting plate 440, and is used to drive the buoy 410 to rotate up and down so that the buoy 410 adapts to The height of the mud surface changes; the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 is connected to the gate line 130, the tail of the gate line 130 is connected to the second longitudinal connecting plate 430, and the gate line 130 is connected between the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 and the second longitudinal connecting plate 430 An auxiliary induction elastic member 131 is provided between the connections of the first longitudinal connecting plate 420, and the elastic force of the auxiliary induction elastic member 131 changes as the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 moves up and down. A movement signal of the first vertical connection plate 420 is acquired.

Specifically, the moving signal of the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 is the signal of whether the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 is moving up or down; the change of the elastic force of the auxiliary sensing elastic member 131 is: When moving, the compression of the auxiliary sensing elastic member 131 decreases; when the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 moves downward, the compression of the auxiliary sensing elastic member 131 increases.

Specifically, the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 is provided with a lifting lug for installing the brake wire 130, the lifting lug is movably connected with the first longitudinal connecting plate 420, and the auxiliary induction elastic member 131 is movably connected with the lifting lug, so as to facilitate Rotate differently.

Further, the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 is also provided with a rotating sleeve 421, and an elastic member installation shaft is pierced on the rotating sleeve, one end of the elastic member installation shaft is fixedly connected with the second longitudinal connecting plate 430, and the other end The part is provided with a spacer; the elastic part installation shaft is divided into a front part and a rear part with the rotating shaft sleeve 421 as the dividing line, and the front part and the rear part are respectively provided with an integral profiling elastic part 450, and the overall profiling elastic part 450 As the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 moves up and down, the elastic force changes, and then the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 is driven back to its original position by the elastic restoring force.

Specifically, when the mud surface is relatively high, the buoy 410 moves up, and then drives the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 to move up, so that the integral profiling elastic member 450 at the front is compressed and increased, while the integral profiling elastic member 450 at the rear is compressed. decrease; when the mud surface passes through the high position and returns to the horizontal position, the elastic force on the integral profiling elastic member 450 at the front and rear portion decreases, and an elastic restoring force is generated to drive the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 and the buoy 410 to move down , back to the original position.

On the contrary, when the mud surface is low, the buoy 410 moves down, and then drives the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 to move down, so that the compression of the integral profiling elastic member 450 at the front is reduced, while the overall profiling elastic member 450 at the rear Compression increases to generate elastic force; when the mud surface passes through the low position and returns to the horizontal position, the elastic force on the integral profiling elastic member 450 at the front and rear decreases and generates elastic restoring force to drive the first longitudinal connecting plate 420 Move up with buoy 410, get back to original position.

As shown in Figures 2 and 5, more preferably, a horizontal profiling mechanism is also provided between the lifting frame 120 and the frame 200, and the horizontal profiling mechanism includes a mounting frame 500 and a bearing seat 600; wherein, the mounting frame 500 and the lifting The frame 120 is fixedly connected, the bearing seat 600 is fixedly connected with the frame 200, and the bearing seat 600 is provided with a bearing, and the bearing is rotatably connected with the mounting frame 500, and is used to drive the frame 200 to rotate in the horizontal direction with the bearing as the rotating shaft. Ensure that the ditching mechanism 300 on the frame 200 is close to the mud surface.

Specifically, due to uneven mud surfaces on the left and right sides, the ditching mechanisms 300 on the left and right sides do not ditch the mud surfaces on the same horizontal plane. By setting the bearing seat 600 on the frame 200, the bearing seat 600 will tilt left and right as the frame 200 tilts left and right, and then drive the bearings on the bearing seat 600 to rotate, and then make the ditching mechanism 300 adapt to uneven mud surface changes , so that the left and right sides of the ditching mechanism 300 are always close to the mud surface, so as to avoid the situation that one side of the ditching mechanism 300 is too high and the mud surface is dug deeply, or one side is suspended in the air and cannot be ditched. And by arranging the bearing seat 600 and the bearing, it is beneficial to independently control the position state between the frame 200 and the mounting frame 500, so that when the frame 200 rotates, the mounting frame 500 can keep the original position and avoid the occurrence of a fault caused by the frame. 200, which affects the unbalanced situation of the lifting frame 120.

Further, the left and right sides of the frame 200 are respectively provided with horizontal profiling elastic parts 210, and the horizontal profiling elastic parts 210 produce changes in elastic force as the frame 200 rotates left and right in the horizontal direction, and then are driven by the elastic restoring force. The frame 200 and the ditching mechanism 300 return to their original positions.

Specifically, the horizontal profiling elastic member 210 is installed on the elastic member installation shaft, and the elastic member installation shaft is connected with the frame 200. The frame 200 is provided with a mounting seat 220, and the elastic member installation shaft passes through the mounting seat 220, and is connected with the installation Seat 220 is movably connected; Elastic member mounting shaft is divided into upper and lower two parts with mounting seat 220 as dividing line, and the elastic member mounting seat 220 of upper and lower two parts is all provided with horizontal profiling elastic member 210; The top of elastic member mounting shaft and The installation frame 500 is fixedly connected, and a spacer is provided at the bottom of the installation shaft of the elastic member for limiting the displacement of the horizontal profiling elastic member 210 .

In this embodiment, when the mud surface where the ditching mechanism 300 on the left side is located is lower than the muddy surface where the ditching mechanism 300 is located on the right side, the frame 200 is inclined to the left so that the level of the left upper part The compression of the profiling elastic part 210 increases, and the compression of the horizontal profiling elastic part 210 in the lower part decreases; the compression of the horizontal profiling elastic part 210 in the upper part of the right side decreases, and the compression of the horizontal profiling elastic part 210 in the lower part increases, Thereby, the change of elastic force is produced; when the ditching mechanism 300 on the left and right sides passes through the low position, the elastic force decreases, and the horizontal profiling elastic part 210 on the left side and the horizontal profiling elastic part 210 on the right side pass the elastic restoring force Drive the frame 200 and the ditching mechanism 300 to get back to the horizontal state quickly.

Vice versa, when the mud surface of the ditching mechanism 300 on the left side is higher than the muddy surface of the ditching mechanism 300 on the right side, then the frame 200 is inclined to the right, so that the level of the left upper part The compression of the shape elastic part 210 decreases, and the compression of the horizontal profiling elastic part 210 of the lower part increases; the compression of the horizontal profiling elastic part 210 of the upper part on the right side increases, and the compression of the horizontal profiling elastic part 210 of the lower part decreases, thus produce changes in elastic force; when the ditching mechanism 300 on the left and right sides passes through the high position, the elastic force decreases, and the horizontal profiling elastic part 210 on the left side and the horizontal profiling elastic part 210 on the right side are driven by the elastic restoring force The frame 200 and the ditching mechanism 300 quickly return to the horizontal state.

As shown in Figures 1 and 6, further, each ditching mechanism 300 is provided with a single profiling mechanism 700, and the single profiling mechanism 700 includes a fixed rod 710, a linkage rod 720, a double pull rod 730 and Independent profiling elastic member 740; wherein, fixed rod 710 is fixedly connected with frame 200; linkage rod 720 is fixedly connected with ditching mechanism 300, and is used to drive ditching mechanism 300 to move up and down; double pull-down rod 730 is located at fixed rod 710 and The left and right sides of the linkage rod 720, and one end of the double pull-down rod 730 is fixedly connected with the linkage rod 720, and the other end is movably connected with the fixed rod 710, which is used to drive the linkage rod 720 and the ditching mechanism 300 to rotate up and down; The independent profiling elastic member 740 is arranged between the double pull-down rods 730 on the left and right sides, and the elastic force changes as the double pull-down rods 730 rotate up and down, and then drives the double pull-down rods 730, linkage rod 720 and The ditching mechanism 300 resets.

In this embodiment, the single profiling mechanism 700 is used for profiling the mud surface of the ditching mechanism 300 where it is located, so that the ditching mechanism 300 is close to the mud surface. Wherein, when the mud surface is high, the double pull rods 730 rotate upwards, thereby driving the linkage rod 720 and the ditching mechanism 300 to move up to adapt to changes in the mud surface; Moving down, thereby driving the linkage rod 720 and the ditching mechanism 300 to move down, to adapt to the change of the mud surface.

As shown in FIG. 6 , wherein, an elastic member installation shaft is provided between the double pull-down rods 730 on the left and right sides for installing an independent profiling elastic member 740, and the double pull-down rods 730 include a first pull rod and a second pull rod arranged up and down. , a lifting lug 750 is provided between the first pull rods on the left and right sides, a cotter pin 760 is set between the second pull rods on the left and right sides, the installation shaft of the elastic member passes through the lifting lug 750, and is movably connected with the lifting lug 750 The bottom of the elastic part installation shaft is fixedly connected with the cotter pin 760, and the top of the elastic part installation shaft is provided with a gasket, which is used to limit the position of the independent profiling elastic part 740; It is two parts, upper and lower; and the elastic member installation shafts of the upper and lower parts are both provided with independent profiling elastic members 740 .

In specific work, when the mud surface is high and the double pull-down rod 730 moves upward, the installation shaft of the elastic member also moves upward, so that the compression of the independent profiling elastic member 740 on the upper part is reduced, and the independent profiling elastic member 740 on the lower part The compression of 740 increases, resulting in a change in elastic force; when the mud surface passes through a high position, the elastic force of the independent profiling elastic part 740 decreases and generates elastic restoring force, thereby driving the double pull-down rod 730 to return to its original position quickly, so that The ditching mechanism 300 returns to its original position quickly to adapt to the height change of the mud surface.

Conversely, when the mud surface is low and the double pull-down rod 730 moves downward, the installation shaft of the elastic member also moves downward, so that the independent profiling elastic member 740 of the upper part is compressed and increased, and the independent profiling elastic member 740 of the lower part is compressed. The compression of the part 740 decreases, resulting in a change in the elastic force; when the mud surface passes through the low position, the elastic force of the independent profiling elastic part 740 decreases, and an elastic restoring force is generated, thereby driving the double pull-down rod 730 to quickly return to its original position, thereby Make the ditching mechanism 300 return to the original position quickly to adapt to the height change of the mud surface.

Further, at the bottom and the top of the independent profiling elastic member 740, cotter pins 760 and spacers are respectively arranged, which also helps to adjust the adaptability of the ditching mechanism 300 to mud surfaces with different hardness, so that the ditching mechanism 300 is more suitable for mud surfaces. surface changes.

Specifically, when there is no elastic force, the ditching mechanism 300 clings to the mud surface by its own gravity.

When the mud surface is soft, the tensile force of the lower part of the independent profiling elastic member 740 is required to be large, so as to provide pulling force to the ditching mechanism 300, the cotter pin can be adjusted to move down, and the gasket also moves down to make the independent profiling The compression of the lower part of the elastic part 740 decreases to generate an upward contracting force, and the compression of the upper part of the independent profiling elastic part 740 increases to generate an upward restoring force, thereby providing pulling force to the ditching mechanism 300 and reducing the pressure of the ditching mechanism 300. Pressure on the mud surface.

On the contrary, when the mud surface is hard, the compression force of the lower part of the independent profiling elastic member 740 is required to be large, so as to provide pressure to the ditching mechanism 300, the cotter pin can be adjusted to move up, and the gasket also moves up to The compression of the lower part of the independent profiling elastic member 740 is increased to generate a downward restoring force, and the compression of the upper part of the independent profiling elastic member 740 is reduced to generate a downward compressive force, thereby providing pressure to the ditching mechanism 300 , increase the pressure of the ditching mechanism 300 on the mud surface.

As shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 , further, the ditching mechanism 300 includes a grass slide bar 310 , a floating plate 320 , a ditch opener 330 and a soil cover device 340 connected in sequence; wherein, the grass slide bar 310 is connected to the frame 200 , The front portion of the floating plate 320 is tilted upwards, and the rear portion is close to the mud surface. The ditch opener 330 is arranged on the side of the floating plate 320 close to the mud surface, and the ditch opener 330 is submerged in the mud to move against the mud surface. Ditching is carried out; and the fertilizer outlet 113 of the fertilizer discharge pipe 111 is arranged above the ditch opener 330 for discharging fertilizer into the mud ditch after ditching.

The soil covering device 340 is arranged behind the ditch opener 330 and is used for covering the mud ditch after ditching. The soil cover device 340 is rotatably connected with the floating plate 320 so as to adjust the angle of the soil cover device. Specifically, there are two circular holes on the floating plate 320 , and the soil covering device 340 is provided with a circular hole and an arc hole at a position corresponding to the floating plate 320 , and then fixed by bolts. Wherein, the floating plate 320 is rotatably connected with the floating plate at the circular arc hole position, so as to adjust the angle of the earth covering device 340 .

Further, a fertilizer discharge hose 112 is provided between the fertilizer discharge port 113 and the fertilizer discharge pipe 111 , and the fertilizer discharge hose 112 can better fix the position of the fertilizer discharge port 113 .

Specifically, the linkage rod 720 of the single profiling mechanism 700 is connected with the grass sliding rod of the ditching mechanism 300 . Wherein, the linkage rod 720 is provided with a hollow channel, and the grass sliding rod passes through the hollow channel and is fixedly connected with the hollow channel. Preferably, the height of the grass sliding pole passing through the hollow passage can be adjusted freely, thereby adjusting the contact area, contact force and contact depth between the floating plate 320 and the mud surface.

Specifically, when the degree of contact between the floating plate 320 and the mud surface is small, the opening angle of the ditch opener 330 also becomes shallow; get darker. Furthermore, the ditch opener 330 can be adapted to mud angles of different heights.

Specifically, the ditch opener 330 is detachably connected to the floating plate 320, so as to facilitate the replacement of different types of ditch openers 330 for ditching.

Specifically, the contact position between the floating board 320 and the grass sliding pole 310 has a radian, so that the front half of the floating board 320 is lifted upwards, and the rear board is close to the mud surface. The floating plate 320 is tilted upwards to form an arc-shaped surface, which can slide through the crops, which is more friendly to the crops and reduces the forward resistance, so as to avoid scratching the crops by the edges and corners of the floating plate 320 during the movement, or due to the abrupt mud surface, block progress.

Specifically, the ditch opener 330 is arranged on the second half of the floating plate 320 and submerged into the mud surface, so as to ditch the mud surface while moving.

Wherein, the working method of the ditching and fertilizing device in the above-mentioned rice tillering stage comprises the following working steps:

S1: Drain the water in the muddy ground to be ditched;

S2: Move the ditching and fertilizing device in the rice tillering stage to the muddy land to be ditched, and adjust the distance between the wheels of the vehicle body 100, so that the wheels and the ditching mechanism are located between the two rows of crops;

S3: adjust the height of the ditching mechanism 300, so that the ditching mechanism 300 is at least partly close to the mud surface and adapts to the hardness of the mud surface;

S4: drive the car body 100, the car body 100 moves forward, and drives the ditching mechanism 300 to move, so that the ditching mechanism 300 ditches the mud surface during the movement;

S5: Open the fertilizer discharge mechanism 110 to discharge the fertilizer from the fertilizer discharge pipe 111 into the ditch after ditching.

S6: A soil covering device is provided at the side and rear of the ditching mechanism 300 for covering the mud ditch after ditching.

Apparently, the above-mentioned embodiments of the present invention are only examples for clearly illustrating the technical solution of the present invention, rather than limiting the specific implementation manner of the present invention. Any modification, equivalent replacement and improvement made within the spirit and principle of the claims of the present invention shall be included in the protection scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims (4)

1. a device for ditching and fertilizing in the tillering stage of rice, is characterized in that: comprise chassis and ditching and fertilizing device; Described ditching and fertilizing device is fixedly connected with described chassis by three-point suspension mechanism, and described chassis is provided with hydraulic oil cylinder, The ditching and fertilizing device includes a frame, a ditching mechanism, a fertilizer discharge mechanism and a profiling mechanism, the fertilizer discharge mechanism is fixed directly above the chassis, and the profiling mechanism includes an overall profiling mechanism, a horizontal profiling mechanism and a single profiling mechanism; the overall profiling mechanism includes a connecting plate, and the connecting plate includes a first longitudinal connecting plate, a second longitudinal connecting plate and a transverse connecting plate, the first longitudinal connecting plate is obliquely arranged and its lower end is connected to the The buoy is fixedly connected, the front end of the transverse connecting plate is flexibly connected to the middle part of the first longitudinal connecting plate, the rear end of the transverse connecting plate is fixedly connected to the front side of the frame, and the second longitudinal connecting plate It is fixedly connected with the transverse connecting plate, the chassis is provided with brake wires, the first longitudinal connecting plate is connected with the brake wires, the tail of the brake wires is connected with the second longitudinal connecting plate, and the An integral profiling elastic member is provided between the first longitudinal connecting plate and the second longitudinal connecting plate; the horizontal profiling mechanism includes a mounting frame and a bearing seat, and a lifting frame is hinged between the chassis and the mounting frame, The bearing seat is fixedly connected with the frame, the bearing seat is provided with a bearing, and the bearing is rotatably connected with the mounting frame, and the left and right sides of the frame and the mounting frame are respectively provided with horizontal imitation shaped elastic parts; the single profiling mechanism is provided with multiple and evenly distributed and connected to the rear side of the frame, and each of the single profiling mechanisms is fixedly connected with a The ditching mechanism, the bottom of the fertilizer discharge mechanism is provided with a fertilizer discharge pipe, and the fertilizer discharge pipe is connected to the ditching mechanism; the gate line is used to obtain the up and down movement signal of the first longitudinal connecting plate, And feed back the moving signal to the chassis, and then control the lifting frame to move up and down through the hydraulic cylinder; Mud trenches of uniform depth. 2. A device for ditching and fertilizing rice at the tillering stage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the fertilizer discharge mechanism is provided with a fertilizer discharge device and a fertilizer discharge motor, by adjusting the opening of the fertilizer discharge device, and by driving The change of speed adjusts the speed of the fertilizer discharge motor in real time to achieve precise strip application. 3. A device for ditching and fertilizing rice at the tillering stage according to claim 1, characterized in that: the ditching mechanism includes a floating plate, a ditch opener and a soil covering device, and the floating plate corresponds to a single profiling mechanism connection, the ditch opener is installed in the rear of the floating plate, and the soil cover is installed on the floating plate and behind the side of the ditch opener; the floating plate is close to the mud surface, and the ditch opener is submerged in the mud. The device covers the mud ditch after ditching. 4. A working method applied to the paddy rice tillering stage ditching fertilization device described in any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that, comprising the following working steps: S1: Drain the water in the paddy field at the tillering stage to be fertilized; S2: Move the furrowing and fertilizing device at the rice tillering stage to the paddy field to be ditched, and adjust the distance between the chassis so that the chassis and the furrowing and fertilizing device are located between two rows of rice seedlings; S3: Adjust the height of the ditching mechanism so that the ditching mechanism is close to the mud surface, and adjust the profiling sensitivity according to the hardness of the mud surface; S4: The chassis drives the ditching mechanism to move, so that the ditching mechanism can ditch the mud surface during the movement; S5: Open the fertilizer discharge mechanism to discharge the fertilizer into the ditch after ditching; S6: After the fertilizer falls to the mud ditch, cover the mud ditch with mud.

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