CN113899643A - Evaluation device and method for scouring resistance experiment of chemical sand prevention consolidation rock core - Google Patents
Evaluation device and method for scouring resistance experiment of chemical sand prevention consolidation rock core Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
The invention discloses a device and a method for evaluating a scouring resistance experiment of a chemical sand control consolidation rock core, which comprises a power system, a scouring resistance test system, a filtering and water storage system and a data acquisition control and processing system, wherein the power system is connected with the scouring resistance test system; the power system comprises a liquid injection module and a gas compression pressure regulating module; the erosion-resistant test system comprises a sand filling model, a rock core holder and a full-automatic overburden pressure simulation system; the filtering and water storage system comprises a water tank unit and a filtering unit; the data acquisition control and processing system comprises a pressure sensor, a mass flow meter, an acquisition control hardware unit and a computer for data processing. The invention relates to a multifunctional experiment evaluation system integrating automation and intellectualization, which can simulate the scouring experiment of chemical sand control consolidation cores with different discharge capacities, linear velocities, differential pressures and time, and whether sand is produced or not and the quantity of the produced sand is large, can reflect the scouring resistance of a well wall after chemical sand control construction under the on-site working condition, and provides a new means for comprehensively evaluating the validity period of a chemical sand control on-site process.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of oilfield chemical experiment devices, and particularly relates to a chemical sand control consolidation core scouring resistance experiment evaluation device, and a chemical sand control consolidation core scouring resistance experiment evaluation method, which can be applied to indoor research on fluid (liquid and gas) scouring resistance of a chemical sand control artificial well wall in oil well, gas well and water source well production and water injection well water injection processes.
Background
Most of reservoir beds of the Bohai sea oil field are loose sandstones, and sand production of an oil-gas water well is one of the difficult problems influencing the development speed. The sand production can not only cause the blockage of an oil guiding layer, but also lead to sand burying seriously, so that the yield of an oil well is reduced or the oil well is directly shut down, but also cause the erosion damage of ground equipment, bring potential safety hazards, also rapidly increase the work of well repair operation or ground equipment maintenance and the like, and generate larger cost and operation risk. Therefore, the sand control work of oil-gas-water wells becomes very important in oil field development.
The chemical sand control is to utilize the chemical reaction of chemical agents to bond gravel in the stratum or the gravel filled in the stratum, stabilize the stratum structure or form an artificial well wall with certain strength and permeability, thereby achieving the purpose of preventing the sand from flowing out of the stratum. The chemical sand control can be divided into two methods according to the process: firstly, filling granular substances such as quartz sand, ceramsite and the like coated with a sand-fixing agent into a borehole; secondly, injecting a sand consolidation agent to consolidate loose granular substances in the stratum; both rely on chemical sand-fixing agents to solidify beneath the formation to form a well-permeable "screen" to allow oil and gas, water, etc. to pass through, preventing loose sand from infiltrating the wellbore. The performance of the formed screen, namely the artificial well wall, is the key for ensuring the sand prevention effect, so the performance evaluation of the system needs to be carried out before construction so as to meet the field process requirements.
At present, the performance evaluation of the chemical sand prevention artificial well wall by the petroleum industry standard is evaluated by a consolidated core manufactured in an indoor experiment, related experimental equipment is basically researched and developed around three evaluation indexes of flexural strength, compressive strength and permeability or for simulating the whole process flow of field construction, and no experimental device specially used for evaluating the long-time high-strength scouring process of the chemical sand prevention consolidated core fluid exists at home and abroad at present. Research on simulation test research on sand prevention of artificial well wall of resin sand (wangbao, oil science and technology in Xinjiang, 2014) indicates that when the artificial well wall is used for sand prevention, scouring test evaluation needs to be carried out on the resin sand before construction, and it is necessary to fully consider the scouring effect of fluid on the artificial well wall.
Therefore, a device and a method for evaluating the erosion resistance experiment of the chemical sand control consolidation core are needed in the indoor research of chemical sand control, and the device and the method are used for evaluating the influence of long-time high-strength fluid erosion of the consolidation core on the sand control performance and providing guidance for the optimization evaluation of the sand control process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to overcome the defects of the prior art and provides a device and a method for evaluating a scouring resistance experiment of a chemical sand control consolidation rock core, which are used for simulating a high-strength scouring process of formation fluid on the wall of an artificial well for a long time.
The technical purpose of the invention is realized by the following technical scheme.
A chemical sand control consolidation core scouring resistance experiment evaluation device comprises a power system, a scouring resistance test system, a filtering and water storage system and a data acquisition control and processing system;
the power system comprises a liquid injection module and a gas compression pressure regulating module; the liquid injection module comprises a high-pressure plunger pump, an energy accumulator, an overflow valve and a safety valve which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the gas compression pressure regulating module is from the air compressor machine of taking the relief pressure valve, and the air compressor machine passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the relief valve to make liquid injection module and gas compression pressure regulating module be in parallel structure, specifically:
(1) the high-pressure plunger pump is used for simulating the power output of a fluid scouring experiment;
(2) the energy accumulator is used for reducing pressure fluctuation, the pressure fluctuation is less than +/-0.05 MPa, and the high-pressure plunger pump can work stably at high pressure;
(3) the overflow valve is a hardware guarantee for safety protection in the experimental evaluation device and is used for constant-pressure overflow and system unloading;
(4) the safety valve is another hardware guarantee for safety protection in the experimental evaluation device and is used for automatic overpressure pressure relief;
(5) the gas compression and pressure regulation module is used for simulating the gas power source of a gas well evaluation gas scouring resistance experiment or cleaning residues in an equipment manifold after the experiment is finished.
The scouring-resistant test system comprises a sand filling model, a rock core clamping unit and a full-automatic overlying pressure simulation system, wherein:
(1) the inlet of the sand filling model is connected with the safety valve and the air compressor through pipelines respectively, specifically, the inlet of the sand filling model is connected with the safety valve through a pipeline, a first three-way valve, a mass flow meter and a second three-way valve are sequentially arranged in the pipeline from the safety valve to the sand filling model, and two ends of the mass flow meter are connected with the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve respectively; the air compressor is connected with the first three-way valve through a pipeline and is provided with a first control valve in the pipeline; the first pressure sensor is connected with the second three-way valve, such as a pressure sensor I-20 MPa; the sand filling model is used for filling formation sand to simulate a unconsolidated sandstone formation;
(2) the export of the sand-packed model passes through the pipeline and links to each other with core holder group to set up pressure sensor in the pipeline, core holder group comprises a plurality of core holders of parallel arrangement, specifically: the outlet of the sand-packed model is connected with the first four-way valve through a pipeline, a third three-way valve is arranged in the pipeline, and a second pressure sensor is connected with the third three-way valve, such as a pressure sensor II-20 MPa; the first rock core holder, the second rock core holder and the third rock core holder which are arranged in parallel are respectively connected with the first four-way valve and are used for simulating an anti-scouring experiment of an artificial well wall in the water injection or oil extraction process;
(3) in each core holder, a porous filter disc or a porous filter plate, such as a metal sheet or a metal plate with a porous structure, is arranged in a position close to the outlet in a direction perpendicular to the fluid flow direction so as to prevent sand from being blocked at the outlet in the experimental process;
(4) the full-automatic overlaying pressure simulation system is connected with the middle part of a core holder to be measured in the core holder group through a pipeline and is provided with a fourth three-way valve in the pipeline so as to realize real-time monitoring of upstream pressure and automatic adjustment of a pressure value, and the full-automatic overlaying pressure simulation system comprises a power driving module and a high-pressure pump pressurizing module; the third pressure sensor is connected with the fourth three-way valve, such as a pressure sensor III-20 MPa;
filtration and water storage system include water tank unit and filter unit, and the water tank unit links to each other with high-pressure plunger pump, overflow valve and filter unit through the pipeline respectively, specifically:
(1) the water tank unit, namely the liquid storage tank, receives the water from the filtering unit and supplies water to the high-pressure plunger pump to realize circulation; on the other hand, when the overflow valve performs constant-pressure overflow, the overflow valve receives incoming water and unloads the system; meanwhile, a floating ball liquid level meter is installed to monitor the upper limit and the lower limit of the liquid level in real time, and a valve is cut off in time through hardware or software when the water level is alarmed, so that long-time circulating unattended monitoring is achieved;
(2) core holder group passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the filter unit entry, specifically: outlets of three core holders arranged in parallel are connected with a second four-way valve through a pipeline, the second four-way valve is connected with a third four-way valve through a pipeline, and a fourth pressure sensor is connected with the third four-way valve, such as a pressure sensor IV-5 MPa; the filter unit consists of a first filter unit and a second filter unit which are arranged in parallel, the inlet of the first filter unit is connected with the third four-way valve through a pipeline and is provided with a second control valve in the pipeline, the inlet of the second filter unit is connected with the third four-way valve through a pipeline and is provided with a fourth control valve in the pipeline, the outlet of the first filter unit is connected with the fifth three-way valve through a pipeline and is provided with a third control valve in the pipeline, and the outlet of the second filter unit is connected with the fifth three-way valve through a pipeline and is provided with a fifth control valve in the pipeline; the fifth three-way valve is connected with the water tank unit through a pipeline;
(3) the filtering unit is a Y-shaped filter and is used for collecting the sand, calculating the sand amount, filtering circulating water to reach a continuous circulation standard, and a filter screen adopted by the filtering unit can block sand samples, such as 20-100 meshes;
the data acquisition control and processing system comprises a data acquisition control unit and a computer for data processing, wherein:
(1) the data acquisition control unit comprises a mass flow meter, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a third pressure sensor, a fourth pressure sensor and a data acquisition control unit and is used for realizing real-time display, acquisition, monitoring and control of parameters such as pressure, flow and the like;
(2) the data processing computer is used for operating data processing and control software on the computer and is used for finishing high-speed data transmission, processing and analysis, graphic animation display and report generation; the transmission of control commands can be realized, the starting and stopping of the pump, the flushing displacement, the flushing linear velocity, the flushing differential pressure and the flushing time are controlled, the liquid level and pressure abnormity is monitored, and the alarm protection is realized;
(3) the multi-channel acquisition port of the data acquisition control unit is respectively connected with the output ends of the mass flow meter, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor and the fourth pressure sensor, and the data acquisition control unit is connected with the data processing computer.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the power system, the scouring resistance testing system and the filtering and water storing system are sequentially connected to form a circulating system, and the data acquisition, processing and control system penetrates through the whole circulating system. The pressure sensor I7 is arranged on an inlet pipeline of the sand filling model 8, the pressure sensor II 9 and the pressure sensor IV 15 are arranged on an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline of the first rock core holder I12, the second rock core holder II 13 and the third rock core holder III 14 and are used for measuring the pressure difference at two ends of the special rock core holder, and the outlet pipeline of the sand filling model is connected with the inlet pipeline of the special rock core holder, so the pressure sensor II 9 can also represent the pressure at the outlet end of the sand filling model; and the pressure sensor III 11(20MPa) is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the full-automatic overburden pressure simulation system and is used for measuring the overburden pressure of the consolidated core.
The evaluation experiment device provided by the invention can simulate the scouring effect of fluid fluctuation caused by the adjustment of a production system on an artificial well wall under different working conditions in the production process of an oil-gas well through changing the discharge capacity, the scouring linear velocity, the pressure difference and the time to the chemical sand control consolidation core, and can simulate the water hammer effect of well wall vibration damage caused by larger pressure fluctuation caused by the rapid change of the fluid flow caused by the shut-in of a water injection well or the adjustment of a production flow. Specifically, stratum sand is filled in the sand filling model to simulate a loose sandstone stratum, the core diameters of the three core holders are phi 50mm, phi 38mm and phi 25mm respectively, and the scouring resistance experiments of consolidated cores with different sizes are met.
According to the method for evaluating by using the experimental device, the sand filling model is filled with simulation sand, the consolidated core is filled into the core holder with the corresponding size to form a core holder to be tested, the left and right seal heads are screwed and then connected with the sand filling model, the full-automatic overlaying pressure simulation system is connected with the core holder to be tested, a pipeline where the first filtering unit is located is opened, and the scouring flow or the scouring program is adjusted to perform a consolidated core scouring resistance experiment. But collect the sand in real time among the experimentation, open the pipeline that second filter unit is located, close first filter unit and the pipeline that is working and dismantle the filter down, collect grit, stoving and be used for calculating the sand volume, middle operation process can not arouse too big pressure oscillation, guarantees the accuracy nature of experiment. According to actual needs, experiments of different scouring linear speeds or pressure differences in different scouring time periods can be set, and unattended operation can be performed after a program is set until the experiments are completed.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the following beneficial effects that firstly, the blank of a domestic simulated chemical sand control consolidation core scouring resistance evaluation instrument is filled; the evaluation experiment device can simulate the scouring experiment of different discharge capacities, linear velocities, differential pressures and time on the chemical sand control consolidation rock core, and whether the sand is produced or not and the sand production quantity, and can reflect the scouring resistance of the well wall after the chemical sand control construction under the on-site working condition.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an experimental apparatus of the present invention, wherein the symbols are as follows:
1 is a high-pressure plunger pump, 2 is an energy accumulator, 3 is an overflow valve, 4 is a safety valve, 5 is an air compressor (with a pressure reducing valve), 6 is a mass flowmeter, 7 is a first pressure sensor (namely, a pressure sensor I-20 MPa), 8 is a sand filling model, 9 is a second pressure sensor (namely, a pressure sensor II-20 MPa), 10 is a full-automatic overburden pressure simulation system, 11 is a third pressure sensor (namely, a pressure sensor III-20 MPa), 12 is a first rock core holder (namely, a rock core holder I), 13 is a second rock core holder (namely, a rock core holder II), 14 is a third rock core holder (namely, a rock core holder III), 15 is a fourth pressure sensor (namely, a pressure sensor IV-5 MPa), 16 is a first filtering unit (namely, a filtering unit I), 17 is a second filtering unit (namely, a filtering unit II), 18 is a water tank unit, 19 is a data acquisition control unit, 20 computer for data processing, 21 a first four-way valve, 22 a second four-way valve, 23 a third four-way valve, 24 a first control valve, 25 a second control valve, 26 a third control valve, 27 a fourth control valve, 28 a fifth control valve, 29 a first three-way valve, 30 a second three-way valve, 31 a third three-way valve, 32 a fourth three-way valve, 33 a fifth three-way valve.
Fig. 2 is a graph of different displacement pressures for system 1 core in an example of the present invention.
Fig. 3 is a graph of different displacement pressures for system 1 core in an example of the present invention.
FIG. 4 is a graph of sand production per min core per unit area of outlet ends of core # 1 (above) and core # 2 (below) in system 1 according to example of the present invention as a function of displacement.
FIG. 5 is a photograph showing the results of testing 1# core (top) and 2# core (bottom) in System 1 in an example of the present invention.
Fig. 6 is a graph of different displacement pressures for system 2 core in an example of the present invention.
Fig. 7 is a graph of different displacement pressures for system 2 core in an example of the present invention.
FIG. 8 is a photograph showing the results of sand production tests on core # 1 and core # 2 in System 2 according to example of the present invention.
FIG. 9 is a photograph showing the overall state of the system 2 after flushing of the core 1 and the core 2 in the example of the present invention.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention is further described below with reference to the following examples and drawings, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.
As shown in fig. 1, the evaluation device for the erosion-resistant experiment of the chemical sand control consolidation rock core comprises a power system, an erosion-resistant test system, a filtering and water storage system and a data acquisition control and processing system;
the power system comprises a liquid injection module and a gas compression pressure regulating module; the liquid injection module comprises a high-pressure plunger pump, an energy accumulator, an overflow valve and a safety valve which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the gas compression pressure regulating module is from the air compressor machine of taking the relief pressure valve, and the air compressor machine passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the relief valve to make liquid injection module and gas compression pressure regulating module be in parallel structure, specifically:
(1) the high-pressure plunger pump is used for simulating the power output of a fluid scouring experiment;
(2) the energy accumulator is used for reducing pressure fluctuation, the pressure fluctuation is less than +/-0.05 MPa, and the high-pressure plunger pump can work stably at high pressure;
(3) the overflow valve is a hardware guarantee for safety protection in the experimental evaluation device and is used for constant-pressure overflow and system unloading;
(4) the safety valve is another hardware guarantee for safety protection in the experimental evaluation device and is used for automatic overpressure pressure relief;
(5) the gas compression and pressure regulation module is used for simulating the gas power source of a gas well evaluation gas scouring resistance experiment or cleaning residues in an equipment manifold after the experiment is finished.
The scouring-resistant test system comprises a sand filling model, a rock core clamping unit and a full-automatic overlying pressure simulation system, wherein:
(1) the inlet of the sand filling model is connected with the safety valve and the air compressor through pipelines respectively, specifically, the inlet of the sand filling model is connected with the safety valve through a pipeline, a first three-way valve, a mass flow meter and a second three-way valve are sequentially arranged in the pipeline from the safety valve to the sand filling model, and two ends of the mass flow meter are connected with the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve respectively; the air compressor is connected with the first three-way valve through a pipeline and is provided with a first control valve in the pipeline; the first pressure sensor is connected with the second three-way valve, such as a pressure sensor I-20 MPa; the sand filling model is used for filling formation sand to simulate a unconsolidated sandstone formation;
(2) the export of the sand-packed model passes through the pipeline and links to each other with core holder group to set up pressure sensor in the pipeline, core holder group comprises a plurality of core holders of parallel arrangement, specifically: the outlet of the sand-packed model is connected with the first four-way valve through a pipeline, a third three-way valve is arranged in the pipeline, and a second pressure sensor is connected with the third three-way valve, such as a pressure sensor II-20 MPa; the first rock core holder, the second rock core holder and the third rock core holder which are arranged in parallel are respectively connected with the first four-way valve and are used for simulating an anti-scouring experiment of an artificial well wall in the water injection or oil extraction process; setting a short-circuit pipeline between an inlet and an outlet of the sand filling model, initially setting the short-circuit pipeline to be in an 'open state', and setting the sand filling model in the whole pipeline at the moment; when the short-circuit pipeline is connected, the sand filling model is not connected in the whole pipeline, but the safety valve is directly connected with the rock core holder group through the three-way valve, the mass flowmeter and the four-way valve;
(3) in each core holder, a porous filter disc or a porous filter plate, such as a metal sheet or a metal plate with a porous structure, is arranged in a position close to the outlet in a direction perpendicular to the fluid flow direction so as to prevent sand from being blocked at the outlet in the experimental process;
(4) the full-automatic overburden pressure simulation system (in the prior art) is connected with the middle part of a core holder to be measured in a core holder group through a pipeline and is provided with a fourth three-way valve in the pipeline so as to realize real-time monitoring of upstream pressure and automatic adjustment of a pressure value, and the full-automatic overburden pressure simulation system comprises a power driving module and a high-pressure pump pressurizing module; the third pressure sensor is connected with the fourth three-way valve, such as a pressure sensor III-20 MPa;
filtration and water storage system include water tank unit and filter unit, and the water tank unit links to each other with high-pressure plunger pump, overflow valve and filter unit through the pipeline respectively, specifically:
(1) the water tank unit, namely the liquid storage tank, receives the water from the filtering unit and supplies water to the high-pressure plunger pump to realize circulation; on the other hand, when the overflow valve performs constant-pressure overflow, the overflow valve receives incoming water and unloads the system; meanwhile, a floating ball liquid level meter is installed to monitor the upper limit and the lower limit of the liquid level in real time, and a valve is cut off in time through hardware or software when the water level is alarmed, so that long-time circulating unattended monitoring is achieved;
(2) core holder group passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the filter unit entry, specifically: outlets of three core holders arranged in parallel are connected with a second four-way valve through a pipeline, the second four-way valve is connected with a third four-way valve through a pipeline, and a fourth pressure sensor is connected with the third four-way valve, such as a pressure sensor IV-5 MPa; the filter unit consists of a first filter unit and a second filter unit which are arranged in parallel, the inlet of the first filter unit is connected with the third four-way valve through a pipeline and is provided with a second control valve in the pipeline, the inlet of the second filter unit is connected with the third four-way valve through a pipeline and is provided with a fourth control valve in the pipeline, the outlet of the first filter unit is connected with the fifth three-way valve through a pipeline and is provided with a third control valve in the pipeline, and the outlet of the second filter unit is connected with the fifth three-way valve through a pipeline and is provided with a fifth control valve in the pipeline; the fifth three-way valve is connected with the water tank unit through a pipeline;
(3) the filtering unit is a Y-shaped filter and is used for collecting the discharged sand, calculating the sand amount, filtering the circulating water to reach the continuous circulation standard, and the filter screen adopted by the filtering unit can block sand samples, such as 20-100 meshes;
the data acquisition control and processing system comprises a data acquisition control unit and a computer for data processing, wherein:
(1) the data acquisition control unit comprises a mass flow meter, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a third pressure sensor, a fourth pressure sensor and a data acquisition control unit and is used for realizing real-time display, acquisition, monitoring and control of parameters such as pressure, flow and the like;
(2) the data processing computer is used for operating data processing and control software on the computer and is used for finishing high-speed data transmission, processing and analysis, graphic animation display and report generation; the transmission of control commands can be realized, the starting and stopping of the pump, the flushing displacement, the flushing linear velocity, the flushing differential pressure and the flushing time are controlled, the liquid level and pressure abnormity is monitored, and the alarm protection is realized;
(3) the multi-channel acquisition port of the data acquisition control unit is respectively connected with the output ends of the mass flow meter, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor and the fourth pressure sensor, and the data acquisition control unit is connected with the data processing computer.
In the technical scheme of the invention, the power system, the scouring resistance testing system and the filtering and water storing system are sequentially connected to form a circulating system, and the data acquisition, processing and control system penetrates through the whole circulating system. The pressure sensor I7 is arranged on an inlet pipeline of the sand filling model 8, the pressure sensor II 9 and the pressure sensor IV 15 are arranged on an inlet pipeline and an outlet pipeline of the first rock core holder I12, the second rock core holder II 13 and the third rock core holder III 14 and are used for measuring the pressure difference at two ends of the special rock core holder, and the outlet pipeline of the sand filling model is connected with the inlet pipeline of the special rock core holder, so the pressure sensor II 9 can also represent the pressure at the outlet end of the sand filling model; and the pressure sensor III 11(20MPa) is arranged on an outlet pipeline of the full-automatic overburden pressure simulation system and is used for measuring the overburden pressure of the consolidated core.
The evaluation experiment device disclosed by the invention is used for carrying out a scouring experiment on the chemical sand control consolidation rock core by changing the discharge capacity, the scouring linear velocity, the pressure difference and the time, so that the scouring effect of fluid fluctuation caused by the adjustment of a production system on an artificial well wall under different working conditions in the production process of an oil-gas well is simulated, and meanwhile, the water hammer effect of well wall vibration damage caused by larger pressure fluctuation caused by the rapid change of fluid flow caused by the closing of a water injection well or the adjustment of a production flow can be simulated. Specifically, stratum sand is filled in the sand filling model to simulate a loose sandstone stratum, the core diameters of the three core holders are phi 50mm, phi 38mm and phi 25mm respectively, and the scouring resistance experiments of consolidated cores with different sizes are met.
According to the method for evaluating by using the experimental device, the sand filling model is filled with simulation sand, the consolidated core is filled into the core holder with the corresponding size to form a core holder to be tested, the left and right seal heads are screwed and then connected with the sand filling model, the full-automatic overlaying pressure simulation system is connected with the core holder to be tested, a pipeline where the first filtering unit is located is opened, and the scouring flow or the scouring program is adjusted to perform a consolidated core scouring resistance experiment. But collect the sand in real time among the experimentation, open the pipeline that second filter unit is located, close first filter unit and the pipeline that is working and dismantle the filter down, collect grit, stoving and be used for calculating the sand volume, middle operation process can not arouse too big pressure oscillation, guarantees the accuracy nature of experiment. According to actual needs, experiments of different scouring linear speeds or pressure differences in different scouring time periods can be set, and unattended operation can be performed after a program is set until the experiments are completed.
The evaluation experiment device disclosed by the invention has the scouring discharge capacity of 50L/min, can meet the requirements of a scouring linear velocity of 0-12.6 m/s, a scouring pressure difference of 0-15 MPa, and an infinite scouring resistance experiment in theory of scouring time, and can reflect the actual scouring resistance condition of a well wall after chemical sand control construction under the working condition of a site. The invention relates to a multifunctional experiment evaluation system integrating automation and intellectualization, which can simulate the scouring experiment of chemical sand control consolidation cores with different discharge capacities, linear velocities, differential pressures and time, and whether sand is produced or not and the quantity of the produced sand is large, can reflect the scouring resistance of a well wall after chemical sand control construction under the on-site working condition, and provides a new means for comprehensively evaluating the validity period of a chemical sand control on-site process.
Meanwhile, a short-circuit pipeline is arranged between an inlet and an outlet of the sand filling model, as a pipeline (a dotted line between reference numerals 30 and 31) shown by a dotted line in fig. 1, a scouring experiment and a sand blocking precision experiment can be respectively realized, the short-circuit pipeline is initially set to be in a disconnected state, the sand filling model is arranged in the whole pipeline at the moment, the sand blocking precision experiment of the consolidated rock core can be carried out, a filter screen capable of blocking a sand sample filled in the sand filling model is arranged in a filter unit, so that sand is collected in real time and is subjected to related sand production granularity analysis, and the sand blocking precision performance of the consolidated rock core is evaluated; when the short-circuit pipeline is connected, the sand filling model is not connected in the whole pipeline, but the safety valve is directly connected with the rock core clamping unit through the three-way valve, the mass flow meter and the four-way valve, and a scouring resistance experiment is directly carried out, namely a filter screen with the aperture smaller than that of consolidated rock core particles is arranged in the filtering unit so as to collect sand in real time and calculate the sand production. After the experiment is finished, the core sample is carefully taken out, the compressive strength test is carried out, and the compressive strength retention rate of the core sample before and after scouring is calculated.
The technical scheme of the invention is utilized to carry out a scouring-resistant contrast experiment on consolidated cores formed by 2 different chemical sand control system formulas, and the specific experimental procedures are as follows:
(1) core loading
And (3) loading the core sample into a rubber sleeve of the core holder, connecting the core holder to a scouring flow after the confining pressure of the core is increased to 2-3 MPa (observing whether the confining pressure is stable after the confining pressure is increased to a required value, if the confining pressure is unstable, indicating confining pressure leakage, checking whether the rubber sleeve is damaged or the core is improperly installed, replacing the rubber sleeve or installing the core again until the confining pressure is stable). Before the flushing pump is started, it can ensure that the pipeline is installed correctly, its sealing is normal, its confining pressure is loaded normally, after the flushing pump is started, its pressure can be quickly raised, and please pay attention to high-pressure protection!
(2) Process of scouring experiment
And opening one path of the filter unit, adjusting the scouring flow or the scouring pressure difference, and starting the scouring pump to perform a core sample scouring experiment. In the experiment, the sand can be collected in real time, the other path of filtering unit is opened, the working filtering unit is closed, the filter is disassembled, the filter is washed by a washing bottle and the sand is collected in a watch glass, and the sand is dried and weighed to calculate the washing rate. After the experiment is finished, the core sample is carefully taken out, the compressive strength test is carried out, and the compressive strength retention rate of the core sample before and after scouring is calculated.
The following test methods were implemented in the specific operation:
(1) according to different flushing flows (which can be determined according to experimental requirements, the loading of the recommended flushing flow from high to low is carried out, and the loading gradient is kept consistent as much as possible), the experiment is sequentially carried out within a certain flushing time, and the pressure change at the two ends of the core holder is recorded. And when the washing flow rate does not reach the maximum value of the experimental design and the rock core is scattered, ending the experiment.
(2) According to different flushing pressure differences (which can be determined according to experimental requirements, the loading of the flushing pressure differences from high to low is recommended, and the loading gradients are kept consistent as much as possible), the experiments are sequentially carried out within a certain flushing time. And when the washing pressure difference does not reach the maximum value of the experimental design and the rock core is dispersed, ending the experiment.
(3) According to a certain flushing flow or flushing pressure difference, flushing experiments are sequentially carried out in different flushing time, and the flushing time can be determined according to experiment requirements.
When data processing is carried out, the scouring rate and the retention rate of the anti-scouring compressive strength are selected to be tested as follows:
(1) rate of washout
In the formula: w-washout rate, g/(cm)2Min); m is the amount of sand to be peeled off, g; a-area of cross section of core sample, cm2(ii) a And t is the anti-scouring time of the rock core sample, min.
(2) Retention rate of anti-scour compressive strength
In the formula: etas-retention of compressive strength; r0s-compressive strength before acid and alkali aging, MPa; r0Compressive strength after alkaline ageing, MPa.
The two groups of coating sand concretion bodies (2 blocks each) are subjected to scouring resistance experiments with different scouring discharge capacities (5L/min, 10L/min, 15L/min, 20L/min, 25L/min, 30L/min, 35L/min and 40L/min) in the same time period (10min), and the results are as follows:
TABLE 1 comparative analysis of the results
As shown in fig. 2-4, in the two cores of the system 1, the pressure and the displacement are not in a linear relationship, and the slope is increased, which indicates that the physical properties of the cores are changed under the conditions of high displacement and high pressure difference, the physical properties are gradually deteriorated, and the migration of particles may occur inside the cores. As shown in fig. 5, both cores of system 1 had changed at the inlet and outlet ends and had significant sand production, which verified the test results of fig. 2-4 and also illustrates that the solution of system 1 has problems. As shown in fig. 6-7, in the two cores of the system 2, there is a good linear relationship between pressure and displacement, which indicates that the physical properties of the cores can be kept stable under high displacement and high pressure difference conditions, and no particles are moved inside. Just as shown in the attached fig. 8-9, the sand yield of the two cores under the flushing with different discharge capacities is zero, and the overall state of the cores after flushing is intact.
According to the description of the invention, the evaluation of the scouring resistance experiment of the chemical sand control consolidation rock core can be realized. The invention has been described in an illustrative manner, and it is to be understood that any simple variations, modifications or other equivalent changes which can be made by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit of the invention fall within the scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A chemical sand control consolidation core scouring resistance experiment evaluation device is characterized by comprising a power system, a scouring resistance test system, a filtering and water storage system and a data acquisition control and processing system;
the power system comprises a liquid injection module and a gas compression pressure regulating module; the liquid injection module comprises a high-pressure plunger pump, an energy accumulator, an overflow valve and a safety valve which are sequentially connected through a pipeline; the gas compression pressure regulating module is an air compressor with a pressure reducing valve, and the air compressor is connected with the safety valve through a pipeline so that the liquid injection module and the gas compression pressure regulating module are in a parallel structure;
the scouring-resistant test system comprises a sand filling model, a rock core clamping unit and a full-automatic overlying pressure simulation system, wherein: an inlet of the sand filling model is connected with the safety valve through a pipeline, a first three-way valve, a mass flow meter and a second three-way valve are sequentially arranged in the pipeline from the safety valve to the sand filling model, two ends of the mass flow meter are respectively connected with the first three-way valve and the second three-way valve, and a short-circuit pipeline is arranged between the inlet and the outlet of the sand filling model; the air compressor is connected with the first three-way valve through a pipeline and is provided with a first control valve in the pipeline; the first pressure sensor is connected with the second three-way valve; the core holder group consists of a plurality of core holders which are arranged in parallel, the outlet of the sand-filled model is connected with the first four-way valve through a pipeline, a third three-way valve is arranged in the pipeline, and the second pressure sensor is connected with the third three-way valve; a plurality of core holders (such as a first core holder, a second core holder and a third core holder) which are arranged in parallel are respectively connected with a first four-way valve and are used for simulating an anti-scouring experiment of an artificial well wall in the water injection or oil extraction process; the full-automatic overlaying pressure simulation system is connected with the middle part of a core holder to be measured in the core holder group through a pipeline and is provided with a fourth three-way valve in the pipeline so as to realize real-time monitoring of upstream pressure and automatic adjustment of a pressure value; the third pressure sensor is connected with the fourth three-way valve;
filtration and water storage system include water tank unit and filter unit, and the water tank unit links to each other with high-pressure plunger pump, overflow valve and filter unit through the pipeline respectively, wherein: core holder group passes through the pipeline and links to each other with the filter unit entry, specifically: outlets of the core holders arranged in parallel are connected with a second four-way valve through a pipeline, the second four-way valve is connected with a third four-way valve through a pipeline, and a fourth pressure sensor is connected with the third four-way valve; the filter unit consists of a first filter unit and a second filter unit which are arranged in parallel, the inlet of the first filter unit is connected with the third four-way valve through a pipeline and is provided with a second control valve in the pipeline, the inlet of the second filter unit is connected with the third four-way valve through a pipeline and is provided with a fourth control valve in the pipeline, the outlet of the first filter unit is connected with the fifth three-way valve through a pipeline and is provided with a third control valve in the pipeline, and the outlet of the second filter unit is connected with the fifth three-way valve through a pipeline and is provided with a fifth control valve in the pipeline; the fifth three-way valve is connected with the water tank unit through a pipeline;
the data acquisition control and processing system comprises a data acquisition control unit and a computer for data processing, wherein: the data acquisition control unit comprises a mass flow meter, a first pressure sensor, a second pressure sensor, a third pressure sensor, a fourth pressure sensor and a data acquisition control unit and is used for realizing real-time display, acquisition, monitoring and control of parameters such as pressure, flow and the like; the multi-path acquisition port of the data acquisition control unit is respectively connected with the output ends of the mass flowmeter, the first pressure sensor, the second pressure sensor, the third pressure sensor and the fourth pressure sensor, and the data acquisition control unit is connected with the computer for data processing; the data processing computer is used for operating data processing and control software on the computer and is used for finishing high-speed data transmission, processing and analysis, graphic animation display and report generation; the transmission of control commands can be realized, the starting and stopping of the pump, the flushing discharge capacity, the flushing linear velocity, the flushing differential pressure and the flushing time are controlled, the liquid level and pressure abnormity is monitored, and the alarm protection is realized.
2. The device for evaluating the scouring resistance experiment of the chemical sand control consolidation rock core according to claim 1, wherein the filtering unit is a Y-shaped filter and is used for collecting produced sand, calculating the sand amount, filtering circulating water to reach a continuous circulation standard, and a filter screen adopted by the filtering unit is capable of blocking a sand sample as a basic requirement, such as 20-100 meshes.
3. The device for evaluating the scouring resistance experiment of the chemical sand control consolidation core according to claim 1, wherein a porous filter disc or a porous filter plate, such as a metal sheet or a metal plate provided with a porous structure, is arranged in each core holder at a position close to the outlet in a direction perpendicular to the fluid flow direction so as to prevent sand from being blocked at the outlet during the experiment.
4. The device for evaluating the scouring resistance experiment of the chemical sand control consolidation core according to claim 1, wherein the high-pressure plunger pump is used for simulating the power output of a fluid scouring experiment; the energy accumulator is used for reducing pressure fluctuation, the pressure fluctuation is less than +/-0.05 MPa, and the high-pressure plunger pump can work stably at high pressure.
5. The chemical sand control consolidation core scouring resistance experiment evaluation device according to claim 1, wherein the overflow valve is a hardware guarantee for safety protection in the experiment evaluation device and is used for constant pressure overflow and system unloading; the safety valve is another hardware guarantee for safety protection in the experimental evaluation device and is used for automatic overpressure pressure relief.
6. The device for evaluating the scouring-resistant experiment of the chemical sand-control consolidation core according to claim 1, wherein the gas compression pressure regulating module is used for simulating the gas power source of a gas scouring-resistant experiment for evaluating a gas well or cleaning residues in an equipment manifold after the experiment is finished; and the sand filling model is used for filling formation sand to simulate the unconsolidated sandstone formation.
7. The device for evaluating the scouring resistance experiment of the chemical sand control consolidation core according to claim 1, wherein the core diameter of the core holder is phi 50mm, phi 38mm and phi 25mm respectively, so that the device meets the scouring resistance experiment of the consolidation cores with different sizes.
8. The method for carrying out the evaluation experiment by utilizing the evaluation device of the scouring-resistant experiment of the chemical sand control consolidation rock core according to one of claims 1 to 7 is characterized in that a sand filling model is filled with simulation sand, a consolidation rock core is filled into a rock core holder with a corresponding size to form a rock core holder to be tested, a left end socket and a right end socket are screwed and then connected with the sand filling model, a full-automatic overlaying pressure simulation system is connected with the rock core holder to be tested, a pipeline where a first filtering unit is located is opened, and the scouring flow or the scouring program is adjusted to carry out the scouring-resistant experiment of the consolidation rock core; collecting the sand in real time, opening a pipeline where the second filtering unit is located, closing the working first filtering unit and the pipeline thereof, disassembling the filter, collecting the sand, drying the sand for calculating the sand yield, and then replacing the filtering unit and collecting the sand again.
9. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the scouring experiment is performed on the chemical sand control consolidation core by changing the discharge capacity, the scouring linear velocity, the pressure difference and the time to simulate the scouring effect of fluid fluctuation caused by the adjustment of the production system on the artificial well wall under different working conditions in the production process of the oil and gas well, or simulate the water hammer effect of well wall vibration damage caused by larger pressure fluctuation caused by the rapid change of the fluid flow caused by the closing of the water injection well or the adjustment of the production process.
10. The method as claimed in claim 8, wherein the short circuit pipeline is initially set to be in a disconnected state, a sand-filled model is arranged in the whole pipeline at the moment, and a sand blocking precision experiment of the consolidated core is carried out, wherein a filter screen capable of blocking a sand sample filled in the sand-filled model is arranged in a filter unit so as to collect sand in real time and carry out related sand granularity analysis, so that the sand blocking precision performance of the consolidated core is evaluated; when the short-circuit pipeline is connected, a sand filling model is not connected in the whole pipeline, but the safety valve is directly connected with the rock core clamping unit through a three-way valve, a mass flow meter and a four-way valve, and a scouring resistance experiment is directly carried out, wherein a filter screen with the aperture smaller than that of consolidated rock core particles is arranged in a filter unit so as to collect sand in real time and calculate the sand output; and after the experiment is finished, taking out the core sample, testing the compressive strength, and calculating the compressive strength retention rate of the core sample before and after scouring.
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