CN113895313A - A power battery passive safety management system - Google Patents
A power battery passive safety management system Download PDFInfo
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- CN113895313A CN113895313A CN202111202347.0A CN202111202347A CN113895313A CN 113895313 A CN113895313 A CN 113895313A CN 202111202347 A CN202111202347 A CN 202111202347A CN 113895313 A CN113895313 A CN 113895313A
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- 239000003507 refrigerant Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 186
- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims description 18
- 238000005057 refrigeration Methods 0.000 claims description 10
- 230000005611 electricity Effects 0.000 claims description 4
- 230000008676 import Effects 0.000 claims 2
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 description 16
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 9
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 9
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 description 9
- 239000003063 flame retardant Substances 0.000 description 5
- 238000010586 diagram Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000010438 heat treatment Methods 0.000 description 4
- 238000007789 sealing Methods 0.000 description 4
- 239000007787 solid Substances 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 238000005452 bending Methods 0.000 description 2
- 239000003795 chemical substances by application Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000006835 compression Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000007906 compression Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 2
- RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 2,2,4,4,6,6-hexaphenoxy-1,3,5-triaza-2$l^{5},4$l^{5},6$l^{5}-triphosphacyclohexa-1,3,5-triene Chemical compound N=1P(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)(OC=2C=CC=CC=2)=NP=1(OC=1C=CC=CC=1)OC1=CC=CC=C1 RNFJDJUURJAICM-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N Lithium Chemical compound [Li] WHXSMMKQMYFTQS-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910002091 carbon monoxide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000007547 defect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000007865 diluting Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000002708 enhancing effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 1
- 125000004435 hydrogen atom Chemical class [H]* 0.000 description 1
- 230000006872 improvement Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000011810 insulating material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000010030 laminating Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229910052744 lithium Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K lithium iron phosphate Chemical compound [Li+].[Fe+2].[O-]P([O-])([O-])=O GELKBWJHTRAYNV-UHFFFAOYSA-K 0.000 description 1
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 229910052755 nonmetal Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 description 1
- 230000000638 stimulation Effects 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B60—VEHICLES IN GENERAL
- B60L—PROPULSION OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; SUPPLYING ELECTRIC POWER FOR AUXILIARY EQUIPMENT OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRODYNAMIC BRAKE SYSTEMS FOR VEHICLES IN GENERAL; MAGNETIC SUSPENSION OR LEVITATION FOR VEHICLES; MONITORING OPERATING VARIABLES OF ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES; ELECTRIC SAFETY DEVICES FOR ELECTRICALLY-PROPELLED VEHICLES
- B60L58/00—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles
- B60L58/10—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries
- B60L58/24—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries
- B60L58/26—Methods or circuit arrangements for monitoring or controlling batteries or fuel cells, specially adapted for electric vehicles for monitoring or controlling batteries for controlling the temperature of batteries by cooling
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/61—Types of temperature control
- H01M10/613—Cooling or keeping cold
-
- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/60—Heating or cooling; Temperature control
- H01M10/62—Heating or cooling; Temperature control specially adapted for specific applications
- H01M10/625—Vehicles
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
- Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
- Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries
-
- Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
- Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
- Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
- Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
- Y02T10/60—Other road transportation technologies with climate change mitigation effect
- Y02T10/70—Energy storage systems for electromobility, e.g. batteries
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Manufacturing & Machinery (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Electrochemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Life Sciences & Earth Sciences (AREA)
- Sustainable Development (AREA)
- Sustainable Energy (AREA)
- Power Engineering (AREA)
- Transportation (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- Secondary Cells (AREA)
- Battery Mounting, Suspending (AREA)
Abstract
The invention provides a passive safety management system of a power battery, which is applied to the technical field of new energy automobiles, wherein a heat exchange plate (31) is arranged between adjacent electric cores (32) of a battery module (2) of the passive safety management system of the power battery, a plurality of refrigerant pipelines (38) which are bent and arranged on the heat exchange plate (31) are arranged between a refrigerant inlet (37) and a refrigerant outlet (41) of the heat exchange plate (31), a refrigerant ejection hole (39) is also arranged on the heat exchange plate (31), the refrigerant ejection hole (39) is communicated with the refrigerant pipelines (38), and a fusible material sheet (40) is covered on the refrigerant ejection hole (39). The thermal runaway control does not need a controller and driving equipment, the fire extinguishing performance is reliable, and the safety of the power battery is improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of new energy automobiles, and particularly relates to a passive safety management system for a power battery.
Background
With the continuous development of the current society and the continuous improvement of the industrial level, the energy and environment problems become more severe, so that the popularization of the pure electric vehicle is urgent. As a power source of the pure electric vehicle, the safety of the battery is a key for restricting the development of the pure electric vehicle. At present, a ternary lithium battery cell or a lithium iron phosphate battery cell is mainly adopted by a power battery of a pure electric vehicle, and serious thermal runaway risks exist. Under stress, thermal stimulation effect, the short circuit takes place for electric core in the battery module, and the electric core explodes the blowout phenomenon appears, erupts a large amount of mixtures from erupting the mouth, wherein thoughtlessly have a large amount of combustible gas such as methane, hydrogen, carbon monoxide. The temperature of the sprayed mixture is high, and can reach hundreds or even thousands of degrees centigrade, and the airflow columns impact the battery upper cover at a certain pressure, which brings great challenges to the structural design and material selection of the battery pack upper cover. When the pressure and the temperature exceed the bearing limit of the battery upper cover material, the upper cover of the battery pack is damaged, high-temperature combustible gas leaks, and the combustible gas burns instantly when contacting with air. Because the density of the combustible gas is far less than that of air, the flame is blown upwards, and the life and property loss of the owner is inevitably caused.
The existing thermal runaway passive safety systems that have been applied have three main measures. Firstly, protecting the battery cell which is not thermally out of control by using a heat insulating material; secondly, arranging a flue gas flow channel to discharge gas generated by thermal runaway out of the battery shell; and thirdly, enhancing cooling by utilizing a thermal management system of the battery pack. The significant disadvantage of this type of system is that it is not possible to actively reduce the temperature of the gas generated by thermal runaway, and the high-temperature gas generated by thermal runaway, which is discharged outside the battery pack and then exposed to oxygen in the air to meet the ignition condition, can still catch fire. Many patents have also found that the fire extinguishing medium is used for cooling and extinguishing fire. Typical schemes are as follows: a certain amount of fire extinguishing medium is stored/prepared by using a fire extinguishing medium tank, thermal runaway of a battery pack is detected by using sensors such as temperature, pressure and voltage, and then the fire extinguishing medium is conveyed to the vicinity of a thermal runaway electric core by electric/electromagnetic equipment of a controller, so that the purpose of temperature reduction and fire extinguishment is achieved. The problems with this type of system are mainly: firstly, the electric/electromagnetic equipment in the system needs a controller and a driving device, so that the whole system is relatively complex and the reliability is reduced. Secondly, when the battery is in thermal runaway, high-temperature gas with the temperature of hundreds of degrees can damage driving equipment or a controller to cause system failure. Thirdly, the storage tank for the extinguishing medium also takes up a relatively large amount of space.
Disclosure of Invention
The technical problem to be solved by the invention is as follows: the utility model provides a simple structure, can effectively use the thermal management system of electric motor car in the passive safety coefficient of battery thermal runaway, utilize the refrigerant among the thermal management system as fire extinguishing medium, utilize fire-retardant refrigerant to isolate oxygen and cooling, dilute the high temperature combustible gas when the thermal runaway, thermal runaway control does not need controller and drive arrangement, does not need solitary sensor, also need not the gaseous storage tank of additional storage, the simplified structure, and fire extinguishing performance is reliable, promote the passive safety management system of power battery security.
To solve the technical problems, the invention adopts the technical scheme that:
the invention relates to a passive safety management system of a power battery, which comprises a battery module, wherein the battery module comprises a plurality of battery cores, a heat exchange plate is arranged between every two adjacent battery cores, the heat exchange plate comprises a refrigerant inlet and a refrigerant outlet, a plurality of refrigerant pipelines which are arranged on the heat exchange plate in a bending mode are arranged between the refrigerant inlet and the refrigerant outlet, a refrigerant outlet is further arranged on the heat exchange plate, the refrigerant outlet is communicated with the refrigerant pipelines, and an easily-fusible material sheet is covered on the refrigerant outlet.
Set up refrigerant entry and refrigerant export on every electric core of battery module respectively, the refrigerant entry of every electric core and the refrigerant export intercommunication of adjacent electric core, the refrigerant export of every electric core and the refrigerant entry intercommunication of the adjacent electric core of opposite side. A seal is disposed between adjacent refrigerant inlets and refrigerant outlets.
And a refrigerant inlet of the heat exchange plate is communicated with a refrigerant conveying pipeline I of the management system, and a refrigerant outlet of the heat exchange plate is communicated with a refrigerant conveying pipeline II of the management system.
The passive safety management system for the power battery comprises a heat pump mode and a refrigeration mode.
When the passive safety management system of the power battery works in a heat pump mode, the management system refrigerant conveying pipeline I conveys compressed high-temperature refrigerant to enter an input pipeline of a battery module heating electric core, and the management system refrigerant conveying pipeline II conveys the high-temperature refrigerant to enter an output pipeline of the battery module heating electric core.
When the passive safety management system of the power battery works in a refrigeration mode, the management system refrigerant conveying pipeline II is an input pipeline for conveying low-temperature refrigerants to enter the battery module to cool the battery core, and the management system refrigerant conveying pipeline I is an output pipeline for conveying the low-temperature refrigerants to enter the battery module to cool the battery core.
And a two-way throttle valve is arranged on the management system refrigerant conveying pipeline II.
Every battery module includes a plurality of electric cores and a plurality of heat transfer board, and every side of every electric core respectively sets up a heat transfer board, and the one side that every heat transfer board aimed at electric core sets up the refrigerant respectively and spouts the mouth.
Each battery module is provided with a refrigerant interface A and a refrigerant interface B respectively, the refrigerant interface A of each battery module is communicated with the refrigerant interface B of one battery module, and the refrigerant interface B of each battery module is communicated with the refrigerant interface A of the other battery module.
And the battery modules are fixedly arranged in the battery pack shell.
By adopting the technical scheme of the invention, the following beneficial effects can be obtained:
according to the passive safety management system for the power battery, a refrigerant is used for refrigerating on the power battery. Therefore, the refrigerant is effectively used. The central position of each heat exchange plate (cooling plate) is respectively provided with a refrigerant outlet, a fusible material sheet is covered on the refrigerant outlet, the refrigerant normally flows to cool the battery core at the normal temperature of the battery, and the fusible material sheet is not subjected to too high temperature and is in a solid state at the moment, so that the refrigerant outlet can be reliably sealed, and the refrigerant in the flow channel can not be sprayed out. When the battery cell at a certain position is out of control, the heat exchange plates arranged on two sides of the battery cell are covered on the fusible material pieces at the refrigerant outlet and melted by high temperature, the refrigerant outlet is opened instantly, and the high-pressure refrigerant is leaked to the position closest to the battery cell in control instantly. Therefore, the refrigerant can effectively reduce the ambient temperature, and can isolate oxygen and dilute high-temperature combustible gas sprayed out of the battery cell. Like this, effectively break thermal runaway's chain reaction, guarantee that electric core on every side can not continue to take place thermal runaway because of high temperature, effective control thermal runaway damage range realizes that the potential safety hazard is controllable, and then other modules of protection battery package, whole battery package, driver and crew's safety promote the security performance of battery package comprehensively. According to the passive safety management system for the power battery, when the battery core is out of control due to heat, timely and active interference can be carried out, and active fire extinguishing is achieved. Whole system simple structure can effectively use the thermal management system of electric motor car in battery thermal runaway passive safety system, utilizes the refrigerant among the thermal management system as fire extinguishing medium, utilizes fire-retardant refrigerant to completely cut off oxygen and cool off, dilute the high temperature combustible gas when the thermal runaway, and thermal runaway control does not need controller and drive arrangement, does not need solitary sensor, also need not the gaseous storage tank of additional storage, simplifies the structure to fire extinguishing performance is reliable, promotes power battery security.
Drawings
The contents of the description and the references in the drawings are briefly described as follows:
fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of a passive safety management system for a power battery according to the present invention in a heat pump mode;
fig. 2 is a schematic structural diagram of the passive safety management system for power batteries according to the present invention in a cooling mode;
fig. 3 is a schematic structural diagram of a battery module of the passive safety management system for power batteries according to the present invention;
fig. 4 is a schematic view of a connection structure between battery modules of the passive safety management system for power batteries according to the present invention;
fig. 5 is a schematic structural diagram of a heat exchange plate of the passive safety management system for power batteries according to the present invention;
in the drawings, the reference numbers are respectively: 1. a management system refrigerant conveying pipeline I; 2. a battery module; 3. a two-way throttle valve; 4. managing a system refrigerant conveying pipeline II; 5. a battery pack housing; 30. a refrigerant interface A; 33. a refrigerant interface B; 31. a heat exchange plate; 32. an electric core; 36. a seal member; 37. a refrigerant inlet; 38. a refrigerant conduit; 39. a refrigerant discharge port; 40 sheets of fusible material; 41. a refrigerant outlet.
Detailed Description
The following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention, such as the shapes and structures of the components, the mutual positions and connection relations among the components, the functions and operation principles of the components, will be made by referring to the accompanying drawings and the description of the embodiments:
as shown in fig. 1 to 5, the passive safety management system for a power battery of the present invention includes a battery module 2, the battery module 2 includes a plurality of battery cells 32, a heat exchange plate 31 is disposed between adjacent battery cells 32, the heat exchange plate 31 includes a refrigerant inlet 37 and a refrigerant outlet 41, a plurality of refrigerant pipes 38 disposed on the heat exchange plate 31 in a bending manner are disposed between the refrigerant inlet 37 and the refrigerant outlet 41, a refrigerant outlet 39 is further disposed on the heat exchange plate 31, the refrigerant outlet 39 is communicated with the refrigerant pipes 38, and a fusible material sheet 40 covers the refrigerant outlet 39. The structure provides a brand-new technical scheme based on unique and ingenious conception aiming at the defects of the prior art. On the power battery, there is a refrigerant to perform cooling. Therefore, the refrigerant is effectively used. The central position of each heat exchange plate (cooling plate) is respectively provided with a refrigerant outlet, a fusible material sheet is covered on the refrigerant outlet, the refrigerant normally flows to cool the battery core at the normal temperature of the battery, and the fusible material sheet is not subjected to too high temperature and is in a solid state at the moment, so that the refrigerant outlet can be reliably sealed, and the refrigerant in the flow channel can not be sprayed out. When the battery cell at a certain position is out of control, the heat exchange plates arranged on two sides of the battery cell are covered on the fusible material pieces at the refrigerant outlet and melted by high temperature, the refrigerant outlet is opened instantly, and the high-pressure refrigerant is leaked to the position closest to the battery cell in control instantly. Therefore, the refrigerant can effectively reduce the ambient temperature, and can isolate oxygen and dilute high-temperature combustible gas sprayed out of the battery cell. Like this, can effectively break thermal runaway's chain reaction, guarantee that electric core on every side can not continue to take place thermal runaway because of high temperature, effective control thermal runaway damage range realizes that the potential safety hazard is controllable, and then other modules of protection battery package, whole battery package, driver and crew's safety promote the security performance of battery package comprehensively. According to the passive safety management system for the power battery, when the battery core is out of control due to heat, timely and active interference can be carried out, and active fire extinguishing is achieved. Whole system simple structure can effectively use the thermal management system of electric motor car in battery thermal runaway passive safety system, utilizes the refrigerant among the thermal management system as fire extinguishing medium, utilizes fire-retardant refrigerant to completely cut off oxygen and cool off, dilute the high temperature combustible gas when the thermal runaway, and thermal runaway control does not need controller and drive arrangement, does not need solitary sensor, also need not the gaseous storage tank of additional storage, simplifies the structure to fire extinguishing performance is reliable, promotes power battery security.
The refrigerant inlet 37 of the heat exchange plate 31 is communicated with the management system refrigerant conveying pipeline I1, and the refrigerant outlet 41 is communicated with the management system refrigerant conveying pipeline II 4. Above-mentioned structure, the passive safety control system of power battery is at heat pump mode during operation, and I1 input pipeline that gets into battery module 2 heating electric core 32 is carried for the high temperature refrigerant after the compression to management system refrigerant conveying line, and management system refrigerant conveying line II 4 realizes that the refrigerant carries for the output pipeline behind the high temperature refrigerant gets into battery module 2 heating electric core 32, passes through each battery module in proper order. Passive safety control system of power battery is at the refrigeration mode during operation, management system refrigerant conveying line II 4 for the input pipeline of low temperature refrigerant transport entering battery module 2 cooling electricity core 32, management system refrigerant conveying line I1 is the output pipeline behind low temperature refrigerant entering battery module 2 cooling electricity core 32, realizes that the refrigerant carries, passes through each battery module in proper order.
The passive safety management system for the power battery comprises a heat pump mode and a refrigeration mode. With the structure, the passive safety management system of the power battery can switch between two modes to work. As shown in fig. 1: the battery thermal management system works in a heat pump mode, compressed high-temperature refrigerant enters the battery pack, enters each battery cell in the battery module through mutually connected pipelines in series and parallel, and flows through the heat exchange plates distributed on two sides of the battery cells. The high temperature refrigerant may heat the battery pack. The temperature of the battery pack can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the two-way throttle valve 3 and adjusting the flow rate of the refrigerant flowing through the battery pack. As shown in fig. 2: the battery thermal management system works in a refrigeration mode, the flow of the refrigerant flowing through the battery pack can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the two-way throttle valve 3, and the cooling temperature of the battery pack is further adjusted. And cooling the heat exchange plate, and cooling the battery cell by using the heat exchange plate.
And a two-way throttle valve 3 is arranged on the management system refrigerant conveying pipeline II 4. As shown in fig. 1: the battery thermal management system works in a heat pump mode, and the temperature of the battery pack can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the two-way throttle valve 3 and adjusting the flow of the refrigerant flowing through the battery pack. As shown in fig. 2: the battery thermal management system works in a refrigeration mode, and the flow of the refrigerant flowing through the battery pack can be adjusted by adjusting the opening of the two-way throttle valve 3, so that the cooling temperature of the battery pack is adjusted.
Every battery module 2 include a plurality of electric cores 32 and a plurality of heat transfer board 31, every electric core 32 every side respectively sets up a heat transfer board 31, every heat transfer board 31 aims at the one side of electric core 32 and sets up refrigerant blowout port 39 respectively. Above-mentioned structure presss from both sides between every two adjacent electric cores and adorns a heat transfer board, and heat transfer board laminating electric core one side all sets up the refrigerant blowout mouth. Therefore, two heat exchange plates at two ends are respectively provided with a refrigerant outlet, and the two sides of the heat exchange plates in the middle are respectively provided with a refrigerant outlet. Thus, the fire extinguishing use requirement is effectively met.
Each of the battery modules 2 is provided with a refrigerant interface a30 and a refrigerant interface B34, the refrigerant interface a30 of each battery module 2 is communicated with the refrigerant interface B33 of one battery module 2, and the refrigerant interface B34 of each battery module 2 is communicated with the refrigerant interface a30 of the other battery module 2. The above structure, as shown in fig. 4: when two battery module groups were assembled, the refrigerant of two modules realized connecting and sealed, and realized the sealed of connecting the position through the sealing member that flexible materials such as rubber supported, realized preventing the purpose that the refrigerant revealed in the use.
A plurality of the battery modules 2 are fixedly installed in the battery pack case 5. Above-mentioned structure, a plurality of battery module fixed mounting form monolithic structure's battery package in the battery package shell.
According to the passive safety management system for the power battery, the battery pack is directly cooled and heated in a refrigeration mode and a heat pump mode for heat management of the battery pack, and the internal temperature of the battery pack is adjusted; the thermal management system of the battery pack is combined with the thermal runaway passive safety protection system, and the flame-retardant refrigerant is used for isolating oxygen and cooling and diluting high-temperature combustible gas during thermal runaway; when the multiple modules are assembled, the refrigeration flow channels of the battery modules can be directly connected in a compression mode, and the sealing elements between the battery modules play a role in preventing the refrigerant from leaking; a refrigerant/fire extinguishing agent spraying port is arranged on the heat exchange plate (cooling plate); the refrigerant/fire extinguishing agent spraying port is blocked by using a fusible material (metal/nonmetal), and thermal runaway of a certain electric core is induced, so that fire extinguishment is effectively realized.
According to the passive safety management system for the power battery, a refrigerant is used for refrigerating on the power battery. Therefore, the refrigerant is effectively used. The central position of each heat exchange plate (cooling plate) is respectively provided with a refrigerant outlet, a fusible material sheet is covered on the refrigerant outlet, the refrigerant normally flows to cool the battery core at the normal temperature of the battery, and the fusible material sheet is not subjected to too high temperature and is in a solid state at the moment, so that the refrigerant outlet can be reliably sealed, and the refrigerant in the flow channel can not be sprayed out. When the battery cell at a certain position is out of control, the heat exchange plates arranged on two sides of the battery cell are covered on the fusible material pieces at the refrigerant outlet and melted by high temperature, the refrigerant outlet is opened instantly, and the high-pressure refrigerant is leaked to the position closest to the battery cell in control instantly. Therefore, the refrigerant can effectively reduce the ambient temperature, and can isolate oxygen and dilute high-temperature combustible gas sprayed out of the battery cell. Like this, effectively break thermal runaway's chain reaction, guarantee that electric core on every side can not continue to take place thermal runaway because of high temperature, effective control thermal runaway damage range realizes that the potential safety hazard is controllable, and then other modules of protection battery package, whole battery package, driver and crew's safety promote the security performance of battery package comprehensively. According to the passive safety management system for the power battery, when the battery core is out of control due to heat, timely and active interference can be carried out, and active fire extinguishing is achieved. Whole system simple structure can effectively use the thermal management system of electric motor car in battery thermal runaway passive safety system, utilizes the refrigerant among the thermal management system as fire extinguishing medium, utilizes fire-retardant refrigerant to completely cut off oxygen and cool off, dilute the high temperature combustible gas when the thermal runaway, and thermal runaway control does not need controller and drive arrangement, does not need solitary sensor, also need not the gaseous storage tank of additional storage, simplifies the structure to fire extinguishing performance is reliable, promotes power battery security.
The present invention has been described in connection with the accompanying drawings, and it is to be understood that the invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed, but is intended to cover various modifications, changes and equivalents of the embodiments of the invention, and its application to other applications without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention.
Claims (10)
1. A passive safety management system of power battery is characterized in that: passive safety control system of power battery include battery module (2), battery module (2) include a plurality of electric cores (32), set up heat transfer board (31) between adjacent electric core (32), heat transfer board (31) include refrigerant import (37) and refrigerant export (41), set up multichannel crooked refrigerant pipeline (38) that set up on heat transfer board (31) between refrigerant import (37) and refrigerant export (41), still set up refrigerant blowout hole (39) on heat transfer board (31), refrigerant blowout hole (39) intercommunication refrigerant pipeline (38), cover fusible material piece (40) on refrigerant blowout hole (39).
2. The passive safety management system for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: battery module (2) on every electric core (32) set up refrigerant entry and refrigerant export respectively, the refrigerant entry of every electric core (32) and the refrigerant export intercommunication of adjacent electric core (32), the refrigerant export of every electric core (32) and the refrigerant entry intercommunication of the adjacent electric core (32) of opposite side. A seal is disposed between adjacent refrigerant inlets and refrigerant outlets.
3. The passive safety management system for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a refrigerant inlet (37) of the heat exchange plate (31) is communicated with a refrigerant conveying pipeline I (1) of the management system, and a refrigerant outlet (41) is communicated with a refrigerant conveying pipeline II (4) of the management system.
4. The passive safety management system for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: the passive safety management system for the power battery comprises a heat pump mode and a refrigeration mode.
5. The passive safety management system for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: when the passive safety management system of the power battery works in a heat pump mode, a management system refrigerant conveying pipeline I (1) is an input pipeline for conveying compressed high-temperature refrigerants to enter a battery module (2) to heat an electric core (32), and a management system refrigerant conveying pipeline II (4) is an output pipeline for conveying the high-temperature refrigerants to enter the battery module (2) to heat the electric core (32).
6. The passive safety management system for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: the passive safety management system of power battery when refrigeration mode during operation, management system refrigerant conveying line II (4) are the input pipeline that low temperature refrigerant carried entering battery module (2) cooling electricity core (32), management system refrigerant conveying line I (1) is the output pipeline behind low temperature refrigerant entering battery module (2) cooling electricity core (32).
7. The passive safety management system for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: and a two-way throttle valve (3) is arranged on the management system refrigerant conveying pipeline II (4).
8. The passive safety management system for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: every battery module (2) include a plurality of electric cores (32) and a plurality of heat transfer board (31), every side of every electric core (32) respectively sets up one heat transfer board (31), the one side that electric core (32) were aimed at in every heat transfer board (31) sets up refrigerant blowout hole (39) respectively.
9. The passive safety management system for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: each battery module (2) is provided with a refrigerant interface A (30) and a refrigerant interface B (34), the refrigerant interface A (30) of each battery module (2) is communicated with the refrigerant interface B (33) of one battery module (2), and the refrigerant interface B (34) of each battery module (2) is communicated with the refrigerant interface A (30) of the other battery module (2).
10. The passive safety management system for power batteries according to claim 1, characterized in that: the battery modules (2) are fixedly arranged in the battery pack shell (5).
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