CN113882408B - Support method of intelligent side slope anti-seismic rubber concrete flexible support structure - Google Patents

Abstract

The invention discloses a support method for an intelligentized anti-seismic rubber concrete flexible supporting structure of a slope. The intelligent anti-vibration rubber concrete flexible supporting structure for a slope includes an anti-seismic flexible supporting structure for a slope and an intelligent monitoring system for the flexible supporting structure. The seismic flexible supporting structure of the slope includes flexible concrete supporting frame and seismic bolt. The supporting methods include: 1. slope repair; 2. lofting; 3. anchor construction; 4. support frame construction; 5. installation of anchor heads, bolt tensioning and locking; The invention effectively solves the problems that the traditional rigid support structure cannot release energy, is prone to brittle failure, the anchor rod in the rigid support system is damaged or fails, and the damage of the support system cannot be evaluated after the earthquake. Provided is an intelligent slope-resistant rubber-concrete flexible support method with advanced seismic concept, excellent seismic performance, and self-monitoring and self-checking functions, which has broad application prospects and significant economic and social benefits.

Description

A kind of support method of intelligent slope anti-seismic rubber concrete flexible support structure

technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of slope reinforcement, and in particular relates to a support method for an intelligent anti-seismic rubber concrete flexible support structure for a slope.

Background technique

my country is a country with frequent earthquake disasters. According to statistics, the average number of earthquakes of magnitude 5 or above in mainland my country is as high as 20 each year, and these moderate and strong earthquake areas are widely distributed in various slopes, including railway slopes, highway side slopes. slopes, water conservancy slopes, etc. Once an earthquake triggers a landslide disaster, it will directly block traffic, destroy buildings, and form a dammed lake, causing heavy casualties and property losses.

The current slope reinforcement technology is mainly based on the traditional rigid support method, which is widely used and has good reinforcement effect in non-seismic areas. The energy cannot be released, which is easy to cause the brittle failure of the support system and thus the landslide; 2. Under the action of the earthquake, the internal force of the bolt surges and the rigidity of the bolt cap is too large, which is easy to cause the bolt to be damaged or the lower anchor cap to be crushed, resulting in the bolt. Anchoring failure; 3. It is difficult to judge the damage of the structure itself with the existing support technology, especially after the earthquake, the support structure has a good appearance but serious internal damage, loss of support ability, and there is a great potential safety hazard.

SUMMARY OF THE INVENTION

In view of the above technical problems, the present invention aims to provide a support method for an intelligent slope-resistant rubber concrete flexible support structure with advanced seismic concept, excellent seismic performance, and self-monitoring and self-checking functions.

The technical scheme adopted in the present invention is:

A supporting method for an intelligentized anti-seismic rubber concrete flexible supporting structure for a slope, the intelligent flexible supporting structure for an anti-vibration rubber concrete for a slope includes an anti-seismic flexible supporting structure for a slope and an intelligent monitoring system for the flexible supporting structure; The seismic flexible support structure includes a flexible concrete support frame and a seismic bolt; the seismic bolt includes an anchor head and a rod body, the anchor head includes an anchor, a backing plate and a seismic device on the backing plate, the seismic device It includes spherical roller bearing, arc-shaped limb claw and spherical base. The spherical roller bearing is a high-stress spherical roller bearing that can bear axial load. The inner edge of the spherical roller bearing is fixedly connected with the outer edge of the anchor. The outer edge of the spherical roller bearing is evenly distributed with several arc-shaped claws, and the inner side of the arc-shaped claws is fixedly connected with the spherical roller bearing. The spherical base is composed of several arc-shaped steel strips. The top is fixedly connected with the outer end of an arc-shaped limb claw; the rod body is a prestressed threaded steel bar or steel strand; the flexible concrete support frame is made of graphite steel fiber rubber concrete, and the interior of the graphite steel fiber rubber concrete is uniform Graphite powder and steel fibers are distributed, and copper mesh electrodes and spiral wires are embedded. The copper mesh electrodes are arranged at both ends of the single span of the flexible concrete supporting frame, and the spiral wires are connected between the copper mesh electrodes in the single span; the flexible The intelligent monitoring system of the supporting structure includes solar power generation panels, batteries, digital resistance data acquisition instrument, wireless signal transmitter, wireless signal receiver and computer terminal; the spiral wire connected with the copper mesh electrode is connected to the digital resistance data acquisition instrument;

The supporting method of the intelligent slope-resistant rubber concrete flexible supporting structure includes the following construction steps:

Step 1: trim the slope;

Step 2: Construction lofting;

Step 3: Drilling the seismic bolt, placing the rod, grouting and curing;

Step 4: Construction of flexible concrete support frame: tie steel bars, arrange copper mesh electrodes and spiral wires, pour graphite steel fiber rubber concrete and maintain;

Step 5: Install the anchor head and tension and lock the anti-seismic anchor rod;

Step 6: Connect the intelligent monitoring system of the flexible support structure.

The working principle of the anti-seismic device is that when the earthquake comes, along the axis of the anti-seismic bolt, the axial stress of the bolt is adjusted through the axial extrusion and deformation of the anti-seismic device (arc-shaped claws, spherical base) to avoid the surge of stress; Along the slope direction, the rocking action of the spherical base can resist the damage of the shear force to the bolt body, so as to achieve the seismic effect of the bolt.

The working principle of the flexible support structure intelligent monitoring system is mainly due to the conductive properties of the graphite steel fiber rubber concrete. When the flexible concrete support frame is intact, all the graphite powder and steel fibers in the complete section contact each other to form a path, and its resistance value Relatively small; when the flexible concrete supporting frame is deformed or cracked, the effective area of the frame section is reduced, part of the graphite powder cannot be in contact with each other, and the circuit forms a path through part of the graphite powder and the steel fiber, and its resistance is relatively large; when When the flexible concrete supporting frame breaks, an open circuit is formed between the two copper mesh electrodes in a single span, and the circuit between the two copper mesh electrodes is interrupted or connected by other circuits, and the resistance value is very large. Therefore, the deformation and damage of the flexible concrete support frame can be judged according to the change of resistance value.

The solar power generation panel is connected with the storage battery, the storage battery is connected with the digital resistance data acquisition instrument, the digital resistance data acquisition instrument is connected with the wireless signal transmitter, and the wireless signal receiver is connected with the computer terminal.

The spiral wire connected with the copper mesh electrode is connected to the digital resistance data acquisition instrument. It can be that each span of the flexible concrete supporting frame is provided with a copper mesh electrode and a spiral wire, and all the spiral wires connected to the copper mesh electrode in each span are Access the digital resistance data acquisition instrument to implement global monitoring of the supporting structure; it is also possible to select a representative local monitoring area to set up copper mesh electrodes and spiral conductors in a single span of the supporting frame, and connect the monitoring area to the copper mesh. The spiral wire connected to the electrodes is connected to a digital resistance data acquisition instrument.

The wires are arranged in a spiral shape, mainly to prevent the wires from being pulled off when the flexible concrete supporting frame is greatly deformed or damaged. The size of the flexible concrete support frame should meet the design requirements of bearing capacity and the design requirements of normal use state.

In the fourth step, the reinforcing bars of the flexible concrete support frame should be treated with anti-rust insulation, and the insulating treatment is to prevent the electrical conductivity of the reinforcing bars from interfering with the electrical conductivity of the concrete. The exterior of the flexible concrete support frame should be waterproofed to prevent short circuits inside the concrete. The flexible concrete supporting frame is provided with drainage ditches at fixed intervals.

The inside of the anchor of the anti-seismic bolt is evenly provided with several circular through holes, the number, diameter and distribution of the circular through holes should be determined according to the number, diameter and distribution of the bolt body; the circular through holes are equipped with matching The used anchor rod body clip; in step 5, the seismic anchor rod is tensioned after the strength of the graphite steel fiber rubber concrete meets the design requirements; the multiple rod bodies of the same seismic anchor rod are synchronously tensioned and locked in stages.

When multiple rods of the same seismic anchor are tensioned synchronously in stages, and after synchronous locking, the prestress of each rod is the same, the axis of the seismic device and the anchor are on the same line; When there is a small difference in the prestress of the rod body, it is preferable that the number of the rod bodies of the same anti-seismic anchor rod is 2 or an odd number not less than 3, so that the anchor rod can achieve uniform stress on each rod body. For example, when the rod bodies of the seismic anchors are synchronously locked after synchronously graded tensioning, due to the influence of construction technology or construction quality, there will be small differences in the prestress loss of each rod body, resulting in uneven stress on each anchor rod body, and the seismic anchor rod By slightly flipping the anchor, the force of each rod body is balanced.

The bottom of the spherical base is tangent to the backing plate.

The anchor head of the anti-seismic bolt further includes a protective shell, and the fifth step further includes sealing the anchor.

Beneficial effects of the present invention:

1 Advanced seismic concept. Based on the concept of "softness overcomes rigidity", the flexible support method of the present invention is proposed, which utilizes the characteristics of small elastic modulus and easy deformation of rubber concrete to realize the energy release effect of the flexible support system under the action of earthquake load, which can give full play to the strength of the rock and soil mass itself. At the same time, appropriate energy is released through the deformation of the supporting structure, so as to achieve the purpose of maintaining the overall stability of the slope.

2 important nodes, double earthquake resistance. The anchoring effect of the bolt is the top priority for the slope supporting system. Once the bolt fails, it will inevitably lead to the destruction of the entire supporting system. Therefore, the seismic protection of the bolt is extremely important. In the present invention, an anti-seismic device and a rubber concrete bearing platform are arranged on the head of the bolt, which plays a dual anti-seismic function, and can avoid the surge in the internal force of the bolt under the action of earthquakes, resulting in failure of anchoring.

3 The anti-vibration device has excellent performance. The seismic resistance of conventional bolts mainly resists the damage caused by earthquake damage to the axial action of the bolt, and prevents the bolt from being pulled off or pulled out, but the shear damage to the bolt due to earthquake damage has never been considered. The anti-vibration device in the present invention can not only absorb shock in the axial direction, but also can resist the earthquake by the anti-vibration device itself, so as to resist the damage to the anchor rod caused by the shear force generated by the earthquake, so that the rod body of the anchor rod will not be damaged by shearing.

4 With self-monitoring and self-checking functions. According to the special properties of the graphite steel fiber rubber concrete material used in the flexible support system, the invention proposes a support structure damage monitoring and detection system, which realizes the intelligent support system before the earthquake by changing the resistance value of the support frame structure. Monitoring and intelligent detection of post-earthquake support systems can be used for slope monitoring and early warning and post-disaster support system damage assessment.

5. Effectively control displacement. Because the supporting method of the invention applies prestress to the seismic bolts of the system, a strong compressive stress field is formed on the sliding body of the slope, the further development of the plastic zone is effectively controlled, and the displacement of the sliding body and the rock and soil mass under earthquake action can be well controlled. .

Description of drawings

Fig. 1 is the overall schematic diagram of slope support of the present invention;

Fig. 2 is a sectional view of Fig. 1A-A;

Figure 3 is a schematic diagram of the anchor bolt head under non-earthquake conditions;

4 is a cross-sectional view of FIG. 3B-B;

Figure 5 is a schematic diagram of the shock absorption effect of the bolt anti-seismic device during an earthquake;

Figure 6 is a schematic diagram of the normal state of the graphite steel fiber rubber concrete supporting frame;

Figure 7 is a schematic diagram of the crack state of the graphite steel fiber rubber concrete supporting frame;

FIG. 8 is a schematic diagram of the connection of the intelligent monitoring system device of the flexible support structure;

Figure 9 is a schematic diagram of the stress of the anchor head automatically adjusting the rod body.

Among them, 1. Slope seismic flexible supporting structure; 2. Intelligent monitoring system for flexible supporting structure; 21. Solar power generation panel; 22. Storage battery; 23. Digital resistance data acquisition instrument; 24. Wireless signal transmitter; 25. Wireless signal receiver; 26, computer terminal; 3, flexible concrete support frame; 31, copper mesh electrode; 32, spiral wire; 33, graphite powder; 34, steel fiber; 4, seismic anchor; 41, anchor; 42. Anti-seismic device; 421, Spherical roller bearing; 422, Arc-shaped limb claw; 423, Spherical base; 4231, Arc-shaped steel strip; 43, Backing plate; 44, Protective shell; 45, Rod body; 5, Drainage ditch.

Detailed ways

It is to be understood that the terms "length", "width", "top", "bottom", "front", "rear", "left", "right", "vertical", "portrait", "horizontal" , "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate the orientation or positional relationship based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, It is not intended to indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operate in a particular orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limiting the invention.

Example 1

As shown in Fig. 1-8, a support method for an intelligentized seismic-resistant rubber-concrete flexible supporting structure for a slope, the intelligent flexible supporting structure for a seismic-resistant rubber-concrete for a slope includes a seismic flexible supporting structure 1 and a flexible supporting structure Support structure intelligent monitoring system 2 ; the slope seismic flexible support structure 1 includes a flexible concrete support frame 3 and a seismic bolt 4 .

The seismic bolt 4 includes an anchor head and a rod body 45, the anchor head includes an anchor 41, a backing plate 43, a protective shell 44 and a seismic device 42 located on the backing plate 43, and the seismic device 42 includes a self-aligning roller Bearing 421, arc-shaped limb claws 422 and spherical base 423, the spherical roller bearing 421 is a high-strength spherical roller bearing that can bear axial load, the inner edge of the spherical roller bearing 421 is fixedly connected with the outer edge of the anchor 41 , the outer edge of the spherical roller bearing 421 is evenly distributed with several arc-shaped limb claws 422, the inner side of the arc-shaped limb claws 422 is fixedly connected with the spherical roller bearing 421, and the spherical base 423 is composed of several arc-shaped steel strips 4231. The top of each arc-shaped steel strip 4231 is fixedly connected with the outer end of an arc-shaped limb claw 422, and the bottom of the spherical base 423 is tangent to the backing plate 43; the anchor 41 is evenly provided with a number of circular through holes, the circular The number, diameter and distribution of the holes should be determined according to the number, diameter and distribution of the bolt body 45; the circular through holes are equipped with the supporting bolt body 45 clips, and the circular through holes are evenly arranged mainly for the bolt body. 45 After the prestress is evenly applied, the anchor 41 can maintain a balanced state; the rod body 45 is a steel strand; the working principle of the anti-seismic device 42 is that when an earthquake comes, along the axis of the anti-seismic bolt 4, through the anti-seismic device 42 (arc). Shaped limb claws 422, spherical base 423) are axially squeezed and deformed to adjust the axial stress of the anchor rod to avoid stress surge; along the direction of the slope, the spherical base 423 is rocked to resist the shear force on the anchor rod body 45. damage, so as to achieve the seismic effect of the anchor.

The flexible concrete support frame 3 is formed by pouring graphite steel fiber rubber concrete, graphite powder 33 and steel fibers 34 are evenly distributed inside the graphite steel fiber rubber concrete, and copper mesh electrodes 31 and spiral wires 32 are buried, and copper mesh electrodes 31 It is arranged at both ends of each span of the flexible concrete supporting frame 3, and a spiral wire 32 is connected between the copper mesh electrodes 31 in each span.

The flexible support structure intelligent monitoring system 2 includes a solar power generation panel 21, a battery 22, a digital resistance data acquisition instrument 23, a wireless signal transmitter 24, a wireless signal receiver 25 and a computer terminal 26. The storage battery 22 is connected with the digital resistance data acquisition instrument 23, the digital resistance data acquisition instrument 23 is connected with the wireless signal transmitter 24, the wireless signal receiver 25 is connected with the computer terminal 26, and each span is connected with the copper mesh electrode 31. The connected spiral wire 32 is connected to the digital resistance data acquisition instrument 23; the working principle of the flexible support structure intelligent monitoring system 2 is mainly due to the material conductivity characteristics of the graphite steel fiber rubber concrete. All graphite powders 33 and steel fibers 34 in the cross-section contact each other to form a passage, and their resistance is relatively small; when the flexible concrete supporting frame 3 is deformed or cracked, the effective area of the frame cross-section is reduced, and some graphite powders 33 cannot interact with each other. When the flexible concrete supporting frame 3 breaks, an open circuit is formed between the two copper mesh electrodes 31 in a single span, and the two copper mesh electrodes 31 circuits are interrupted or connected through other circuits, and the resistance value is very large. Therefore, the deformation and damage of the flexible concrete supporting frame 3 can be judged according to the change of the resistance value.

The size of the flexible concrete support frame 3 should meet the design requirements for bearing capacity and the design requirements for normal use conditions.

The supporting method of the intelligent slope-resistant rubber concrete flexible supporting structure includes the following construction steps:

Step 1: trim the slope;

Step 2: Construction lofting;

Step 3: drilling the seismic bolt 4, placing the rod body 45, grouting and curing;

Step 4: Construction of the flexible concrete supporting frame 3: binding steel bars, arranging copper mesh electrodes 31 and spiral wires 32, pouring graphite steel fiber rubber concrete and curing;

Step 5: Install the anchor head, 4 tension locking and sealing of the anti-seismic anchor rod;

Step 6: Connect the intelligent monitoring system 2 of the flexible supporting structure.

In the fourth step, the reinforcing bars of the flexible concrete support frame 3 are subjected to anti-rust insulation treatment, and the insulating treatment prevents the electrical conductivity of the reinforcing bars from interfering with the electrical conductivity of the concrete. The exterior of the flexible concrete support frame 3 should be waterproofed to prevent short circuits inside the concrete. The flexible concrete supporting frame 3 is provided with drainage ditches 5 at fixed intervals.

In the fifth step, the plurality of rod bodies 45 of the same anchor rod should be tensioned in stages and locked synchronously. The prestress of each rod body 45 is the same, and the shaft centers of the anti-seismic device 42 and the anchor 41 are located on the same straight line.

In the fifth step, the protective shell 44 is installed and the anchor head is sealed after the prestress is tensioned and locked. At the same time, mortar or resin can also be used for secondary sealing anchor protection, but the secondary unsealing shall not be hindered.

Example 2

The construction method of the intelligent slope anti-seismic rubber concrete flexible support structure is the same as that of Embodiment 1. Further, the number of the rod bodies 45 is 3, but in step 5, when the bolt is synchronously tensioned and locked, due to the construction technology or construction Due to the influence of the quality, there is a small difference in the prestress loss of each rod body 45 when the prestress is tensioned or locked, resulting in unbalanced prestress of each rod body 45. As shown in FIG. 9, when the prestress of the rod body 45 is unbalanced, The anchor 41 is slightly overturned, one end of the larger prestressed rod 45 sinks, and part of the prestress is released, while one end of the smaller prestressed rod 45 is lifted, which is equivalent to applying partial prestress. When the prestress of the rods 45 on both sides is the same , the anchor 41 is no longer overturned and reaches a new mechanical equilibrium state. Because the outer edge of the anchor 41 is fixedly connected with the inner edge of the spherical roller bearing 421 , when the anchor 41 is turned over, the anti-vibration device 42 is not affected, and still maintains the original position and has the original function.

The invention effectively solves the problems that the traditional rigid support structure cannot release energy, is prone to brittle failure, the anchor rod in the rigid support system is damaged or fails, and the damage of the support system cannot be evaluated after the earthquake. An intelligent seismic flexible support method for rubber concrete slopes with advanced seismic concept, excellent seismic performance, and self-monitoring and self-checking functions is provided.

Claims (7)

1. a support method for an intelligentized slope anti-seismic rubber concrete flexible support structure, is characterized in that: the intelligent slope anti-seismic rubber concrete flexible support structure comprises a slope anti-seismic flexible support structure (1) and a flexible An intelligent monitoring system (2) for a supporting structure; the seismic flexible supporting structure for a slope (1) includes a flexible concrete supporting frame (3) and an anti-seismic anchor rod (4); the anti-seismic anchor rod (4) includes an anchor head and a rod body (45), the anchor head includes an anchor (41), a backing plate (43) and an anti-vibration device (42) located on the backing plate (43), the anti-vibration device (42) comprising a spherical roller bearing (421) ), arc-shaped claws (422) and spherical base (423), the inner edge of the spherical roller bearing (421) is fixedly connected with the outer edge of the anchor (41), and the outer edge of the spherical roller bearing (421) is evenly distributed Several arc-shaped limb claws (422), the inner side of the arc-shaped limb claw (422) is fixedly connected with the spherical roller bearing (421), and the spherical base (423) is composed of several arc-shaped steel strips (4231), each The top of the arc-shaped steel strip (4231) is fixedly connected with the outer end of an arc-shaped limb claw (422); the flexible concrete support frame (3) is made of graphite steel fiber rubber concrete, which is made of graphite steel fiber rubber concrete. Graphite powder (33) and steel fibers (34) are evenly distributed inside, and copper mesh electrodes (31) and spiral wires (32) are embedded, and the copper mesh electrodes (31) are arranged on the single-span of the flexible concrete supporting frame (3). At both ends, a spiral wire (32) is connected between the copper mesh electrodes (31) in a single span; the flexible support structure intelligent monitoring system (2) includes a solar power panel (21), a battery (22), a digital A resistance data acquisition instrument (23), a wireless signal transmitter (24), a wireless signal receiver (25) and a computer terminal (26); the spiral wire (32) connected with the copper mesh electrode (31) is connected to the digital resistance data Collector (23); The supporting method of the intelligent slope-resistant rubber concrete flexible supporting structure includes the following construction steps: Step 1: trim the slope; Step 2: Construction lofting; Step 3: drilling the anti-seismic anchor rod (4), placing the rod body (45), grouting and curing; Step 4: Construction of the flexible concrete supporting frame (3): binding steel bars, arranging copper mesh electrodes (31) and spiral wires (32), pouring graphite steel fiber rubber concrete and curing; Step 5: Install the anchor head and the anti-seismic anchor rod (4) to tension and lock; Step 6: Connect the intelligent monitoring system (2) of the flexible supporting structure. 2. The method for supporting an intelligent slope-resistant rubber-concrete flexible supporting structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: the solar power panel (21) is connected to a battery (22), and the battery (22) The digital resistance data acquisition instrument (23) is connected with the wireless signal transmitter (24), and the wireless signal receiver (25) is connected with the computer terminal (26). 3. The method for supporting an intelligentized seismic-resistant rubber-concrete flexible supporting structure for a slope as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: the anchors (41) of the seismic-resistant bolts (4) are evenly provided with several A circular through hole; the circular through hole is equipped with a supporting bolt body (45) clip; in step 5, the seismic bolt (4) is stretched after the strength of the graphite steel fiber rubber concrete meets the design requirements, The multiple rod bodies (45) of the same seismic anchor rod (4) are synchronously tensioned in stages and locked synchronously. 4. The support method of a kind of intelligentized slope anti-seismic rubber concrete flexible support structure as claimed in claim 3, it is characterized in that: the number of the same anti-seismic anchor rod (4) rod body (45) is 2 root or an odd root not less than 3. 5 . The method for supporting an intelligentized slope-resistant rubber-concrete flexible supporting structure according to claim 1 , wherein the bottom of the spherical base ( 423 ) is tangent to the backing plate ( 43 ). 6 . 6. The method for supporting an intelligentized anti-seismic rubber concrete flexible supporting structure for a slope according to claim 1, characterized in that: the anchor head of the anti-seismic bolt (4) further comprises a protective shell (44), and the said The fifth step also includes sealing the anchor. 7 . The method of claim 1 , wherein the flexible concrete supporting frame ( 3 ) is provided with drainage ditches ( 5 ) at fixed intervals. 8 .

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