CN113871712B - Lithium ion battery electrolyte, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery - Google Patents
Lithium ion battery electrolyte, preparation method thereof and lithium ion battery Download PDFInfo
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
- H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
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- H—ELECTRICITY
- H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
- H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
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- H—ELECTRICITY
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- H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
- H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
- H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
- H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
- H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
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Abstract
The invention discloses a lithium ion battery electrolyte, a preparation method thereof and a lithium ion battery. A lithium ion battery electrolyte comprising a nonaqueous solvent and a lithium salt dissolved in the nonaqueous solvent, the lithium ion battery electrolyte further comprising an alkenyl-containing additive. The lithium ion battery electrolyte provided by the invention can not be easily subjected to redox decomposition on the surfaces of the anode and the cathode in a high-temperature state, so that the high-temperature gas production of the lithium ion battery is reduced, and the high-temperature storage performance, the high-temperature cycle performance and the safety performance of the lithium ion battery are improved.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of electrolyte, in particular to lithium ion battery electrolyte, a preparation method thereof and a lithium ion battery.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high energy density, high working voltage, long cycle life, no memory effect and the like, is a main energy source of the current portable electronic equipment, and simultaneously shows good performance in the application fields of electric automobiles, intelligent Internet of things and the like.
To further accommodate the ever-evolving needs of applications, lithium ion batteries are required to have higher energy densities. Currently, there are two main schemes for improving the energy density of lithium ion batteries: the first scheme is to adopt a positive electrode material with high nickel element content; the second solution is to raise the charge cut-off voltage of the lithium ion battery. However, both of these solutions have an adverse effect on the electrolyte at the same time. The stability of the positive electrode material is reduced due to the excessively high content of nickel element, and the electrolyte is subjected to oxidative decomposition in the positive electrode due to trivalent unstable nickel ions; on the other hand, increasing the battery charging voltage increases the positive electrode potential, and the electrolyte is also prone to oxidative decomposition, which causes a series of problems such as battery gassing and increased interface impedance. In sum, both of the above solutions place more stringent demands on the electrolyte material.
In view of this, there is a need to develop and provide an electrolyte formulation capable of solving the above-mentioned problems, capable of forming a stable SEI film to inhibit the continuous reaction of an electrolyte with a positive electrode and a negative electrode, thereby improving the high-temperature storage performance, high-temperature cycle performance and safety performance of a lithium ion secondary battery.
Disclosure of Invention
Aiming at the defects of the prior art, the invention aims to provide the lithium ion battery electrolyte, the preparation method thereof and the lithium ion battery, and the lithium ion battery electrolyte can not be easily subjected to redox decomposition on the surfaces of the positive electrode and the negative electrode under the high temperature condition of 45 ℃ and 60 ℃, so that the high-temperature gas production of the lithium ion battery is reduced, and the high-temperature storage performance, the high-temperature circulation performance and the safety performance of the lithium ion battery are improved.
One of the purposes of the invention is to provide a lithium ion battery electrolyte, and the invention adopts the following technical scheme to achieve the purpose:
the lithium ion battery electrolyte comprises a nonaqueous solvent and lithium salt dissolved in the nonaqueous solvent, and further comprises an additive containing alkenyl, wherein the infrared C=C double bond vibration characteristic peak of the additive containing alkenyl is 1636-1690 cm -1 。
The additive is a compound shown in a formula (I) or a formula (II):
wherein in formula (I), R 1 、R 2 And R is 3 The groups are independently selected from substituents having 0-4 unsaturation and 1-10 carbon atoms;
the arc in formula (II) represents R 4 、R 5 Is linked to form a ring, said ring being cycloalkyl or at least one CH in cycloalkyl 2 A cyclic group substituted with a heteroatom.
The electrolyte of the lithium ion battery is added with the additive containing alkenyl, and the battery has better stability in a high-temperature storage state and a high-temperature circulation state, and the electrolyte is not easy to be subjected to redox decomposition on the surfaces of the anode and the cathode, so that the generation of gas is reduced, and the lithium ion battery has the advantage of small thickness expansion of the battery in the high-temperature storage and high-temperature circulation state, and has more ideal battery performance.
The infrared C=C double bond vibration characteristic peak of the additive containing alkenyl is 1636 cm to 1690cm -1 The positive and negative electrode interface protective film with good compactness can be obtained.
Wherein in formula (I), R 1 、R 2 And R is 3 The groups may each be independently selected from alkyl groups having 0 to 4 unsaturation and 1 to 10 carbon atoms; r is R 1 、R 2 And R is 3 The groups may each be independently selected from alkoxy groups having 0 to 4 unsaturation and 1 to 10 carbon atoms; r is R 1 、R 2 And R is 3 The groups may each be independently selected from alkylthio groups having 0 to 4 unsaturation and 1 to 10 carbon atoms; r is R 1 、R 2 And R is 3 The groups may each be independently selected from disubstituted alkylamino groups having an unsaturation of 0 to 4 and a carbon number of 1 to 10; r is R 1 、R 2 And R is 3 The groups may each be independently selected from fluoroalkyl groups having 0 to 4 unsaturation and 2 to 10 carbon atoms; r is R 1 、R 2 And R is 3 The groups may each be independently selected from ester group-containing substituents having a degree of unsaturation of from 0 to 4 and a number of carbon atoms of from 2 to 10; r is R 1 、R 2 And R is 3 The groups may each be independently selected from cyano-containing substituents having a degree of unsaturation of from 0 to 4 and a number of carbon atoms of from 2 to 10.
The arc in formula (II) represents a carbon atom frame forming a ring, R 4 、R 5 The groups form cyclopentyl or cyclohexyl containing heteroatoms, which are nitrogen or oxygen.
The compound shown in the general formula (I) contains substituent groups with electron pushing effect or electron pulling effect in the molecular structure, and can influence the electron cloud density of the olefinic bond. Firstly, the olefinic bond has certain complexation to the transition metal atom; meanwhile, according to the electron push-pull effect, the molecular orbital energy level of the compound can be improved or reduced to different degrees, so that the priority of oxidation-reduction reaction of the compound in the formula (I) or the formula (II) on the surface of the positive electrode or the negative electrode is further influenced, the compound is subjected to electrochemical polymerization on the positive electrode or the negative electrode to generate a polymer passivation film, and oxidation or reduction decomposition of electrolyte components on the surface of the positive electrode or the negative electrode is inhibited, so that the high-temperature gas production of the battery is reduced, and the high-temperature storage performance and the high-temperature cycle performance of the lithium ion battery are improved.
As an improvement of the lithium ion battery electrolyte of the present invention, the mass of the alkenyl-containing additive is 0.1-15% of the mass of the lithium ion battery electrolyte, for example, the mass of the alkenyl-containing additive is 0.1%, 0.2%, 0.3%, 0.4%, 0.5%, 0.6%, 0.7%, 0.8%, 0.9%, 1%, 2%, 3%, 4%, 5%, 6%, 7%, 8%, 9%, 10%, 11%, 12%, 13%, 14% or 15% of the mass of the lithium ion battery electrolyte. If the content is too low and is lower than 0.1%, the addition of the additive has no obvious effect of improving high-temperature storage and high-temperature circulation; if the content is too high, more than 15%, the addition of the additive forms a thicker passivation film, resulting in an increase in internal resistance of the battery and a decrease in capacity of the battery. The mass of the additive containing alkenyl accounts for 0.1-15% of the mass of the electrolyte of the lithium ion battery, so that the battery can obtain better high-temperature performance and has higher capacity exertion.
As an improvement of the lithium ion battery electrolyte, the mass of the additive containing alkenyl accounts for 0.1-10% of the mass of the lithium ion battery electrolyte.
In the electrolyte according to the invention, in particular, the compound of formula (I) or (II) may be selected from the alkenyl-containing additives The infrared C=C double bond of the compounds has characteristic vibration peak of 1636-1690 cm -1 Between, can obtainThe positive and negative electrode interface protective films having good tightness are not limited thereto.
As an improvement of the lithium ion battery electrolyte, the lithium ion battery electrolyte further comprises a cyclic carbonate additive, a cyclic sulfonate additive, a cyclic sulfate additive and a lithium salt additive. The cyclic carbonate additive is selected from any one or a mixture of at least two of Vinylene Carbonate (VC), fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC) and ethylene carbonate (VEC); the cyclic sultone or cyclic sulfate additive is selected from any one or a mixture of at least two of 1, 3-Propane Sultone (PS), 1, 3-Propylene Sultone (PST) and vinyl sulfate (DTD); the lithium salt additive is selected from LiPO 2 F 2 Any one or a mixture of at least two of LiFSI, liODFB, liTFSI, liODFP.
As an improvement of the lithium ion battery electrolyte, the nonaqueous solvent is any one or a mixture of at least two of Ethylene Carbonate (EC), dimethyl carbonate (DMC), methyl ethyl carbonate (EMC), propylene Carbonate (PC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC).
Preferably, the non-aqueous solvent accounts for 60% -85% of the mass of the lithium ion battery electrolyte, for example, 60%, 61%, 62%, 63%, 64%, 65%, 66%, 67%, 68%, 69%, 70%, 71%, 72%, 73%, 74%, 75%, 76%, 77%, 78%, 79%, 80%, 81%, 82%, 83%, 84%, 85%, etc.
Preferably, the lithium salt dissolved in the nonaqueous solvent is LiPF 6 、LiBF 4 、LiClO 4 、LiAsF 6 One or a mixture of at least two of LiBOB;
preferably, the concentration of the lithium salt dissolved in the nonaqueous solvent is 0.5mol/L to 2mol/L, for example, 0.5mol/L, 0.6mol/L, 0.7mol/L, 0.8mol/L, 0.9mol/L, 1mol/L, 1.1mol/L, 1.2mol/L, 1.3mol/L, 1.4mol/L, 1.5mol/L, 1.6mol/L, 1.7mol/L, 1.8mol/L, 1.9mol/L, or 2mol/L, etc.
The second purpose of the invention is to provide a preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrolyte, which comprises the following steps: and mixing the nonaqueous solvent, the lithium salt and the additive containing alkenyl according to the proportion to obtain the lithium ion battery electrolyte.
The third object of the invention is to provide a lithium ion battery, which comprises a positive electrode current collector, a positive electrode active material coated on the positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode active material coated on the negative electrode current collector, a separation film and the electrolyte of the lithium ion battery.
Wherein the positive electrode active material comprises any one or a mixture of at least two of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide or lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide.
Wherein the negative electrode active material is any one or a mixture of at least two of soft carbon, hard carbon, artificial graphite, natural graphite, silicon oxygen compound, silicon carbon compound or lithium titanate.
Compared with the prior art, the additive containing alkenyl is added into the electrolyte of the lithium ion battery, the battery has better stability in a high-temperature storage state, and the electrolyte is not easy to be subjected to redox decomposition on the surfaces of the anode and the cathode, so that the generation of gas is reduced, and the lithium ion battery has the advantage of small thickness expansion of the battery in high-temperature storage and high-temperature circulation, and has more ideal battery performance.
As an improvement of the lithium ion battery of the present invention, the positive electrode active material includes any one or a mixture of at least two of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide and lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide.
As an improvement of the lithium ion battery of the present invention, the negative electrode active material includes any one or a mixture of at least two of soft carbon, hard carbon, artificial graphite, natural graphite, silicon oxygen compound, silicon carbon compound, or lithium titanate.
The electrolyte of the present invention can improve high-temperature storage performance and high-temperature cycle performance of a battery assembled from these positive electrode active material and negative electrode active material.
Compared with the prior art, the invention has the beneficial effects that:
the lithium ion battery electrolyte disclosed by the invention can not be easily subjected to redox decomposition on the surfaces of the positive electrode and the negative electrode in a high-temperature state, so that the high-temperature gas production of the lithium ion battery is reduced, the high-temperature storage performance, the high-temperature cycle performance and the safety performance of the lithium ion battery are improved, and particularly, the high-temperature cycle at 45 ℃ reaches 80% SOH (solid oxide fuel) turns of 1104-1290, the gas production volume change rate at 45 ℃ is 24-59%, and the thickness expansion rate at 60 ℃ for 30 days is 5.4-35.2%.
Detailed Description
The technical scheme of the invention is further described by the following specific embodiments.
The various starting materials of the present invention are commercially available, or may be prepared according to methods conventional in the art, unless specifically indicated.
In the prior art, a technical scheme provides a high film forming lithium ion battery electrolyte and a use method thereof, wherein the high film forming lithium ion battery electrolyte is a high concentration lithium salt electrolyte with the molar concentration higher than 3mol/L, and consists of lithium salt, a nonaqueous solvent, an anode film forming additive, a cathode film forming additive and a wetting agent; the specific use process is to prepare high-concentration lithium salt electrolyte with the molar concentration higher than 3 mol/L; injecting high-concentration lithium salt electrolyte into the soft-package lithium ion battery and forming the soft-package lithium ion battery; preparing a conventional concentration lithium salt electrolyte with the molar concentration of 0.9-1.3 mol/L; and injecting lithium salt electrolyte with conventional concentration into the formed soft-package lithium ion battery, and circularly charging and discharging the soft-package lithium ion battery. The lithium ion battery electrolyte can passivate aluminum foil to form a stable anode and cathode solid electrolyte membrane, and meanwhile, the problem of low ionic conductivity of high-concentration lithium salt is solved.
Another technical scheme provides lithium ion battery electrolyte and a lithium ion battery. The lithium ion battery electrolyte comprises a solvent, lithium salt and an additive, wherein the lithium salt and the additive are dissolved in the solvent, the solvent is a nonaqueous organic solvent, and the additive comprises at least one of fluoro-sulfonyl imide salt, hexafluorophosphate and oxalic acid borate. The lithium ion battery electrolyte has high working voltage, and can maintain chemical stability in a high-rate charge-discharge state and a high-power charge-discharge state, meet the cycle requirements of high rate, high power and high temperature, and effectively improve the cycle stability and safety of the lithium ion battery. In addition, the lithium ion battery electrolyte also has good wettability and can reduce the impedance (DCR) of the lithium ion battery. The lithium ion battery has high working voltage, good circularity under high-rate charge and discharge and high-power charge and discharge, and high safety.
However, the high-temperature storage performance of the above lithium ion battery needs to be further improved.
In order to solve at least the technical problems, the invention provides a lithium ion battery electrolyte, which comprises a nonaqueous solvent and lithium salt dissolved in the nonaqueous solvent, and further comprises an additive containing alkenyl, wherein the infrared C=C double bond vibration characteristic peak of the additive containing alkenyl is 1636-1690 cm -1 . The lithium ion battery electrolyte can form a stable SEI film to inhibit the electrolyte from continuously reacting with the anode and the cathode, thereby improving the high-temperature storage performance, the high-temperature cycle performance and the safety performance of the lithium ion secondary battery.
Example 1
(1) Preparation of electrolyte:
mixing Ethylene Carbonate (EC), ethylmethyl carbonate (EMC) and diethyl carbonate (DEC) into a nonaqueous organic solvent according to the mass ratio of 3:5:2, and mixing the LiPF 6 Dissolving to obtain 1mol/L solution, mixing with alkenyl-containing additive and 4.3% other additives to obtain electrolyte, wherein the other additives comprise 0.8% LiPO 2 F 2 Specific compositions of LiFSI 0.5%, liODFP 0.5%, DTD 1%, VC 0.5% and PS 1% are shown in Table 1.
(2) Preparation of a lithium ion battery:
the positive electrode active material LiNi 0.8 Co 0.1 Mn 0.1 O 2 (LNCM), conductive agent acetylene black, binder polyvinylidene fluoride (PVDF) according to the following formulaThe mass ratio of 95:3:2 is fully stirred and uniformly mixed in an N-methyl pyrrolidone solvent system, and then the mixture is coated on an aluminum foil, dried and cold-pressed to obtain a positive electrode plate, wherein the compaction density of the positive electrode plate is 3.45g/cm 3 。
The preparation method comprises the steps of fully stirring and uniformly mixing negative electrode active material graphite, conductive agent acetylene black, binder Styrene Butadiene Rubber (SBR) and thickener sodium methyl cellulose (CMC) in a deionized water solvent system according to a mass ratio of 96:2:1:1, coating the mixture on a Cu foil, drying and cold pressing the mixture to obtain a negative electrode plate, wherein the compaction density of the negative electrode plate is 1.65g/cm 3 。
A separator was obtained by using Polyethylene (PE) having a thickness of 9. Mu.m, as a base film, and coating the base film with a nano alumina coating layer of 3. Mu.m.
And sequentially stacking the positive pole piece, the diaphragm and the negative pole piece, so that the diaphragm is positioned between the positive pole piece and the negative pole piece to play a role in isolation, and stacking to obtain the bare cell.
And (3) filling the bare cell into an aluminum plastic film, baking at 80 ℃ to remove water, injecting corresponding electrolyte, sealing, standing, hot-cold pressing, forming, clamping, capacity-dividing and the like to obtain the finished product of the flexible package lithium ion secondary battery.
For comparison, an electrolyte was prepared and assembled into a battery using the same method, using the same type and concentration of nonaqueous organic solvent as LiPF in the electrolyte 6 Is the same. Except that the composition of the electrolyte was different, the lithium ion batteries of examples 1 to 15 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were each prepared by the method of example 1, and the specific compositions and amounts thereof are shown in Table 1.
Wherein the alkenyl group-containing additives in each of the examples and comparative examples are specifically as follows: examples 1 to 8 differ only in the structural formula of the alkenyl-containing additive, in particular in example 1The alkenyl group-containing additive in example 2 has the formula +>The alkenyl group-containing additive in example 3 has the formula +>The alkenyl group-containing additive in example 4 has the formula +>The alkenyl group-containing additive in example 5 has the formula +>The alkenyl group-containing additive of example 6 has the structural formulaThe alkenyl group-containing additive in example 7 has the formula +>The alkenyl group-containing additive in example 8 has the formula +>The alkenyl group-containing additive in examples 9 to 15 had the formula +.>
TABLE 1
The lithium ion batteries prepared in examples 1 to 15 and comparative examples 1 to 2 were subjected to performance test, and the experimental results are shown in table 2. Among them, the secondary battery of the present invention can be tested by the following method:
after the aging treatment of examples and comparative examples, the activated battery was charged to 4.3V at a current of 1C at 45C, and constant voltage was applied to 0.05C current, and then discharged to 2.8V at 1C, and the discharge capacity was recorded. After the first cycle of discharge, the cycle test is carried out until the discharge capacity of the battery is 80% of the first cycle of capacity, and the number of cycles and the gas production volume change of the battery reaching 80% SOH (state of health) after the cycle is ended are recorded. The generation of the gas volume change is performed by the following method: after the secondary battery is fixed by the string, the secondary battery is completely soaked in water at 25 ℃, the weight difference before and after soaking is recorded, and the volume difference is obtained by conversion according to the density of the water at 25 ℃.
The lithium ion battery was charged to 4.2V at a constant current of 1C at 25C, then charged at a constant voltage to a current of 0.05C, and the thickness of the lithium ion battery before storage was measured and recorded as D 0 . Then the battery in full charge state is put into a baking oven at 60 ℃ for 30 days, and the thickness after the storage is tested and recorded as D 1 The thickness expansion ratio (%) = (D) after 60 ℃/30 days storage was calculated as above with respect to the thickness expansion ratio of the lithium ion battery storing money 1 -D 0 )/D 0 ×100％。
TABLE 2
As can be seen from the data in Table 2, the lithium ion battery electrolyte provided by the invention is not easy to be subjected to redox decomposition on the surfaces of the positive electrode and the negative electrode at a high temperature, so that the high-temperature gas production of the lithium ion battery is reduced, the high-temperature storage performance, the high-temperature cycle performance and the safety performance of the lithium ion battery are improved, and particularly, the number of turns of SOH reaching 80% at 45 ℃ is 1104-1290, the gas production volume change rate at 45 ℃ is 24-59%, and the thickness expansion rate after 30 days of high-temperature storage at 60 ℃ is 5.4-35.2%.
In example 9, only the alkenyl group-containing additive was added, and the cyclic carbonate additive, the cyclic sulfonate additive, the cyclic sulfate additive, and the lithium salt additive were not added, but the protective film was formed at the interface between the positive electrode and the negative electrode, but the SEI film was not sufficiently dense, and thus the improvement of the performance was slightly reduced.
Too much alkenyl group-containing additive of example 15 causes a sharp increase in resistance of the high temperature resistant passivation film formed, deteriorating chemical properties of the lithium ion battery.
Comparative example 1 was free of alkenyl group-containing additives, and was free of cyclic carbonate additives, cyclic sulfonate additives, cyclic sulfate additives, and lithium salt additives, and thus the battery performance was most deteriorated since a dense SEI protective film could not be formed between the interfaces of the positive and negative electrode materials and the electrolyte.
Comparative example 2 was not added with an alkenyl group-containing additive, but only with a cyclic carbonate additive, a cyclic sulfonate additive, a cyclic sulfate additive, and a lithium salt additive, and although these additives also formed SEI films on the surfaces of the positive and negative electrodes, the compactness of the SEI films was insufficient, and the battery performance could not be significantly improved.
The detailed process equipment and process flow of the present invention are described by the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to, i.e., it does not mean that the present invention must be practiced depending on the detailed process equipment and process flow. It should be apparent to those skilled in the art that any modification of the present invention, equivalent substitution of raw materials for the product of the present invention, addition of auxiliary components, selection of specific modes, etc., falls within the scope of the present invention and the scope of disclosure.
The preferred embodiments of the present invention have been described in detail above, but the present invention is not limited to the specific details of the above embodiments, and various simple modifications can be made to the technical solution of the present invention within the scope of the technical concept of the present invention, and all the simple modifications belong to the protection scope of the present invention.
In addition, the specific features described in the above embodiments may be combined in any suitable manner, and in order to avoid unnecessary repetition, various possible combinations are not described further.
Moreover, any combination of the various embodiments of the invention can be made without departing from the spirit of the invention, which should also be considered as disclosed herein.
Claims (11)
1. The lithium ion battery electrolyte comprises a nonaqueous solvent and lithium salt dissolved in the nonaqueous solvent, and is characterized by further comprising an additive containing alkenyl, wherein the infrared C=C double bond vibration characteristic peak of the additive containing alkenyl is 1636-1690 cm -1 ；
The additive containing alkenyl isThe method comprises the steps of carrying out a first treatment on the surface of the The mass of the additive containing alkenyl accounts for 0.2-1% of the mass of the lithium ion battery electrolyte;
the lithium ion battery electrolyte also comprises a cyclic carbonate additive, a cyclic sulfonate additive, a cyclic sulfate additive and a lithium salt additive;
the cyclic sulfonate additive is 1, 3-propane sultone and/or 1, 3-propylene sultone, and the cyclic sulfonate additive is vinyl sulfate.
2. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 1, wherein the cyclic carbonate additive is any one or a mixture of at least two of vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, or ethylene carbonate.
3. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 1, wherein the lithium salt additive is LiPO 2 F 2 Any one or a mixture of at least two of LiFSI, liODFB, liTFSI or LiODFP.
4. The lithium ion battery electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the nonaqueous solvent is any one or a mixture of at least two of vinylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, methylethyl carbonate, propylene carbonate, and diethyl carbonate.
5. The lithium ion battery electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the mass of the nonaqueous solvent accounts for 60% -85% of the mass of the lithium ion battery electrolyte.
6. The lithium ion battery electrolyte of claim 1 wherein the lithium salt dissolved in the nonaqueous solvent is LiPF 6 、LiBF 4 、LiClO 4 、LiAsF 6 One or a mixture of at least two of LiBOB.
7. The lithium ion battery electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the concentration of the lithium salt dissolved in the nonaqueous solvent is 0.5mol/L to 2 mol/L.
8. A method of preparing the lithium ion battery electrolyte according to any one of claims 1 to 7, comprising: and mixing the nonaqueous solvent, the lithium salt and the additive containing alkenyl according to the proportion to obtain the lithium ion battery electrolyte.
9. A lithium ion battery characterized by comprising a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material coated on the positive electrode current collector, a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material coated on the negative electrode current collector, a separator, and the lithium ion battery electrolyte according to one of claims 1 to 7.
10. The lithium ion battery according to claim 9, wherein the positive electrode active material includes any one or a mixture of at least two of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium nickel oxide, lithium manganese oxide, lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide, or lithium nickel cobalt aluminum oxide.
11. The lithium ion battery according to claim 10, wherein the negative electrode active material is any one of soft carbon, hard carbon, artificial graphite, natural graphite, silicon, a silicon oxygen compound, a silicon carbon compound, or lithium titanate, or a mixture of at least two thereof.
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| DE102013201030A1 (en) * | 2013-01-23 | 2014-07-24 | Robert Bosch Gmbh | Electrolyte for lithium cell |
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