CN113866899B - Optical transmission system, preparation method thereof and display device - Google Patents
Optical transmission system, preparation method thereof and display device Download PDFInfo
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- CN113866899B CN113866899B CN202111144600.1A CN202111144600A CN113866899B CN 113866899 B CN113866899 B CN 113866899B CN 202111144600 A CN202111144600 A CN 202111144600A CN 113866899 B CN113866899 B CN 113866899B
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B6/00—Light guides; Structural details of arrangements comprising light guides and other optical elements, e.g. couplings
- G02B6/24—Coupling light guides
- G02B6/26—Optical coupling means
- G02B6/34—Optical coupling means utilising prism or grating
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
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- G—PHYSICS
- G03—PHOTOGRAPHY; CINEMATOGRAPHY; ANALOGOUS TECHNIQUES USING WAVES OTHER THAN OPTICAL WAVES; ELECTROGRAPHY; HOLOGRAPHY
- G03H—HOLOGRAPHIC PROCESSES OR APPARATUS
- G03H1/00—Holographic processes or apparatus using light, infrared or ultraviolet waves for obtaining holograms or for obtaining an image from them; Details peculiar thereto
- G03H1/22—Processes or apparatus for obtaining an optical image from holograms
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- G—PHYSICS
- G02—OPTICS
- G02B—OPTICAL ELEMENTS, SYSTEMS OR APPARATUS
- G02B27/00—Optical systems or apparatus not provided for by any of the groups G02B1/00 - G02B26/00, G02B30/00
- G02B27/01—Head-up displays
- G02B27/017—Head mounted
- G02B27/0172—Head mounted characterised by optical features
- G02B2027/0174—Head mounted characterised by optical features holographic
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- Optical Couplings Of Light Guides (AREA)
Abstract
The present disclosure provides an optical transmission system, a method of manufacturing the same, and a display device, the optical transmission system is used for transmitting incident light, the incident light includes image light and zero-order light, the optical transmission system includes: the optical waveguide, coupling-in grating and coupling-out grating set up on the surface of the optical waveguide; the coupling-in grating is used for coupling incident light into the optical waveguide and converging the incident light; the optical waveguide is used for generating total reflection on incident light rays coupled into the optical waveguide; the coupling-out grating comprises a diffraction region and an isolation region, wherein the diffraction region is used for coupling image light rays in the optical waveguide out of the optical waveguide, and the isolation region is used for enabling zero-order light rays in the optical waveguide to continuously generate total reflection so as to enable the zero-order light rays to be emitted out of the optical transmission system at angles outside the view angle of the optical transmission system. Compared with the related art, the display effect is better, the volume and the weight of the system are greatly reduced, the system is lighter, and the system is suitable for head-mounted display.
Description
Technical Field
The disclosure relates to the technical field of optics, in particular to an optical transmission system, a preparation method thereof and a display device.
Background
With the improvement of computer performance and the development of photoelectric devices, a spatial light Modulator (SPATIAL LIGHT Modulator, SLM) can modulate the amplitude, phase, frequency and the like of an optical wave, and is widely applied to optical measurement, pattern recognition, fringe projection, holography and dynamic display, and the advantages of SLM-based computational holographic display are increasingly prominent.
In a computed holographic display, loading a digital lens on the SLM not only simplifies the reconstruction system, but also enables control of the reconstruction position. However, the superposition of the zero-order spot and the reproduced image produced by the digital lens can seriously affect the quality of the reproduced image.
Disclosure of Invention
The disclosure provides an optical transmission system, a preparation method thereof and a display device so as to eliminate zero-order light.
The present disclosure provides an optical transmission system for transmitting incident light including image light and zero order light, the optical transmission system comprising: the optical waveguide, coupling-in grating and coupling-out grating set up on the surface of the said optical waveguide;
The coupling-in grating is used for coupling the incident light into the optical waveguide and converging the incident light;
the optical waveguide is used for generating total reflection on incident light rays coupled into the optical waveguide;
The coupling-out grating comprises a diffraction region and an isolation region, wherein the diffraction region is used for coupling image light rays in the optical waveguide out of the optical waveguide, and the isolation region is used for enabling zero-order light rays in the optical waveguide to continuously generate total reflection so as to enable the zero-order light rays to be emitted out of the optical transmission system at angles outside the view angle of the optical transmission system.
In an alternative implementation, the zero order light is incident to the optical transmission system perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide.
In an alternative implementation, the zero-order light forms a zero-order light spot when entering the plane in which the coupling-out grating is located, and the isolation region covers the zero-order light spot.
In an alternative implementation, the image light is a 3D image light, and the in-coupling grating and the out-coupling grating are volume holographic gratings.
In an alternative implementation, if the coupling-in grating is a reflective grating, the coupling-in grating is located at a side of the optical waveguide facing away from the incident light;
If the coupling-in grating is a transmission grating, the coupling-in grating is positioned at one side of the optical waveguide near the incidence side of the incident light.
In an alternative implementation, if the coupling-out grating is a reflective grating, the coupling-out grating is located on a side of the optical waveguide facing away from the incident light;
If the coupling-out grating is a transmission grating, the coupling-out grating is positioned at a side of the optical waveguide near the incidence side of the incident light.
In an alternative implementation, the image light is diffracted by the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating to the same diffraction order.
In an alternative implementation, the grating period of the in-coupling grating and the out-coupling grating is the same.
In an alternative implementation, the incident light ray forms an overlapping region when incident on a plane in which the coupling-in grating is located, and the coupling-in grating covers the overlapping region.
The present disclosure provides a display device including: a spatial light modulator and an optical transmission system as claimed in any one of the preceding claims;
wherein the spatial light modulator is configured to emit the image light and the zero-order light to the optical transmission system.
In an alternative implementation, the spatial light modulator is located on the same side of the optical transmission system as the light rays exiting the outcoupling grating.
The present disclosure provides a method for preparing an optical transmission system, for preparing any one of the optical transmission systems, the method comprising:
Coating a photosensitive coating on the surface of the optical waveguide;
Irradiating the position, corresponding to the coupling-in grating, on the photosensitive coating with first coherent light and second coherent light which are mutually coherent; irradiating a third coherent light and a fourth coherent light which are mutually coherent on the photosensitive coating at positions corresponding to the diffraction regions of the coupling-out grating, wherein the third coherent light is incident on the photosensitive coating to form a first region, the fourth coherent light is incident on the photosensitive coating to form a second region, and the first region and/or the second region are/is not overlapped with the isolation region;
and processing the irradiated photosensitive coating, and forming the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating on the surface of the optical waveguide.
In an alternative implementation manner, the first coherent light is a focused light beam, the second coherent light is a planar light beam, the first coherent light and the second coherent light are respectively incident from two opposite sides of the optical waveguide, an incident angle of the first coherent light is an acute angle, and the second coherent light is perpendicular to a surface of the optical waveguide.
In an alternative implementation manner, the third coherent light is a focused light beam, the fourth coherent light is a planar light beam, the third coherent light and the fourth coherent light are respectively incident from two opposite sides of the optical waveguide, the third coherent light is perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide, and the incident angle of the fourth coherent light is an acute angle.
In an alternative implementation, the wavelengths of the first, second, third, and fourth coherent light are the same as the wavelengths of the image light.
Compared with the prior art, the method has the following advantages:
According to the optical transmission system, the preparation method and the display device thereof, the isolation area and the diffraction area are arranged on the coupling-out grating, zero-order light rays continue to be totally reflected through the isolation area and are emitted at angles outside the range of the angle of view, and image light rays are coupled out of the optical waveguide through the diffraction area and are emitted at angles within the range of the angle of view, so that separation of the zero-order light rays and the image light rays is achieved, zero-order image reproduction is achieved, and quality of reproduced images is improved. In addition, the coupling-in grating has a focusing effect on the image light, so that the intensity of the image light in the field angle range can be improved, the coupling-in grating has a focusing effect on the zero-order light, the irradiation range of the zero-order light on the coupling-out grating can be reduced, the zero-order light enters the isolation area as much as possible, and the zero-order light is thoroughly eliminated.
According to the technical scheme, the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating are arranged on the surface of the optical waveguide, so that the functions of a plurality of traditional optical elements such as a beam splitting prism and a zero-order filter device can be realized, the traditional optical elements are not required to be arranged, zero-order image reproduction can be realized, and compared with the related art, the display effect is better, the volume and the weight of the system are greatly reduced, and the system is lighter and more suitable for head-mounted display.
The foregoing description is merely an overview of the technical solutions of the present disclosure, and may be implemented according to the content of the specification in order to make the technical means of the present disclosure more clearly understood, and in order to make the above and other objects, features and advantages of the present disclosure more clearly understood, the following specific embodiments of the present disclosure are specifically described.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present disclosure or the technical solutions in the related art, a brief description will be given below of the drawings required for the embodiments or the related technical descriptions, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are some embodiments of the present disclosure, and other drawings may be obtained according to the drawings without any inventive effort for a person of ordinary skill in the art. It should be noted that the scale in the drawings is merely schematic and does not represent actual scale.
Fig. 1 schematically illustrates a schematic structure of a zero-order augmented reality display system in the related art;
fig. 2 schematically shows a schematic structure of an optical transmission system;
FIG. 3 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of a method of manufacturing an optical transmission system for manufacturing an in-coupling grating and an out-coupling grating;
FIG. 4 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of a method of manufacturing an optical transmission system for manufacturing an incoupling grating;
FIG. 5 schematically illustrates a schematic diagram of a method of fabricating an optical transmission system to fabricate an outcoupling grating;
FIG. 6 schematically illustrates a flow chart of a method of manufacturing an optical transmission system;
fig. 7 schematically shows a schematic structure of a display device.
Detailed Description
For the purposes of making the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present disclosure more apparent, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings in the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it is apparent that the described embodiments are some embodiments of the present disclosure, but not all embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be made by one of ordinary skill in the art without inventive effort, based on the embodiments in this disclosure are intended to be within the scope of this disclosure.
In order to eliminate the zero-order light spot and improve the quality of the reproduced image, in the related art, as shown in fig. 1, an augmented reality display system is generally composed of a Beam Splitter (BS), a calculation hologram (Computer Generated Hologram, CGH), a spatial light Modulator (SPATIAL LIGHT Modulator, SLM), a zero-order device, an eyepiece, and a virtual-real fusion device. The space light adjuster is used for emitting image light and zero-order light, the zero-order light can be focused on the back focal plane of the lens by the zero-order light elimination device, then the zero-order light is completely shielded by the high-pass filter, and only the image light passes through the zero-order light elimination device, so that zero-order image reproduction is realized. Although this system can eliminate zero order light, the system is relatively complex, uses a large number of optical elements, and it is difficult to realize a lightweight head-mounted flat panel display.
To eliminate zero order light, the present disclosure provides an optical transmission system, as shown in fig. 2, for transmitting incident light rays, including image light rays 101 and zero order light rays 102.
Referring to fig. 2, the optical transmission system includes: the optical waveguide 11, the coupling-in grating 12 and the coupling-out grating 13 disposed on the surface of the optical waveguide 11.
The coupling-in grating 12 is used for coupling incident light into the optical waveguide 11 and converging the incident light.
The optical waveguide 11 is used to cause total reflection of incident light coupled into it.
The coupling-out grating 13 comprises a diffraction region 131 and an isolation region 132, wherein the diffraction region 131 is used for coupling the image light ray 101 in the optical waveguide 11 out of the optical waveguide 11, and the isolation region 132 is used for enabling the zero-order light ray 102 in the optical waveguide 11 to continuously generate total reflection so as to enable the zero-order light ray 102 to be emitted out of the optical transmission system at an angle outside the field angle of the optical transmission system.
In this embodiment, the coupling-in grating 12 can couple and focus zero-order light, the zero-order light 102 totally reflects in the optical waveguide 11 and is incident into the isolation region 132 of the coupling-out grating 13, the isolation region 132 has no grating pattern, the zero-order light 102 does not diffract through the isolation region 132, and continues to totally reflect in the optical waveguide 11, so as to exit from the side b of the optical waveguide 11, thereby realizing that the zero-order light 102 exits the optical transmission system at an angle outside the field angle of the optical transmission system, and avoiding the zero-order light 102 from entering human eyes. The angle of view may be the angular range in which the image light 101 exits the optical transmission system.
The coupling-in grating 12 can couple and focus the image light 101, the image light 101 is totally reflected in the optical waveguide 11 and is incident to the diffraction region 131 of the coupling-out grating 13, the diffraction region 131 has a grating pattern, and the image light 101 is diffracted by the diffraction region 131 and coupled out of the optical waveguide 11, and then enters the human eye. The angle at which the image light 101 exits the optical transmission system may be within the angle of view.
Thus, the separation of the zero-order light ray 102 and the image light ray 101 can be realized, the zero-order image reproduction can be realized, and the quality of the reproduced image can be improved.
According to the optical transmission system provided by the embodiment, the isolation area 132 and the diffraction area 131 are arranged on the coupling-out grating 13, the zero-order light ray 102 continuously reflects totally through the isolation area 132 and exits at an angle outside the range of the angle of view, and the image light ray 101 is coupled out of the optical waveguide 11 through the diffraction area 131 and exits at an angle within the range of the angle of view, so that the separation of the zero-order light ray 102 and the image light ray 101 is realized, the reproduction of the zero-order image is realized, and the quality of the reproduced image is improved. In addition, the coupling-in grating 12 has a focusing effect on the image light 101, so that the intensity of the image light 101 in the field angle range can be improved, the coupling-in grating 12 has a focusing effect on the zero-order light 102, so that the irradiation range of the zero-order light 102 on the coupling-out grating 13 can be reduced, the zero-order light 102 enters the isolation region 132 as much as possible, and the zero-order light 102 can be thoroughly eliminated.
In this embodiment, by arranging the coupling-in grating 12 and the coupling-out grating 13 on the surface of the optical waveguide 11, the functions of various conventional optical elements such as a beam splitting prism and a zero-order filter device can be realized, and the zero-order image reproduction can be realized without arranging the conventional optical elements.
In a specific implementation, the position of the isolation region 132 may be determined according to the imaging effect, and when the isolation region 132 is designed, the isolation region 132 may be moved in the horizontal direction, and when the imaging effect is the clearest, the position of the isolation region 132 may be determined. The location of the isolation region 132 is related to factors such as the thickness of the optical waveguide, the angle of incident light, etc., which are not particularly limited by the present disclosure.
In the present embodiment, the coupling-in grating 12 has a function of recording an image, and the coupling-out grating 13 has a function of reproducing an image.
In this embodiment, the coupling-in grating 12 may be a surface relief grating or a volume hologram grating, which is not limited in this embodiment.
In this embodiment, the coupling-out grating 13 may be a surface relief grating or a volume hologram grating, which is not limited in this embodiment.
In practical applications, the total reflection critical angle of the incident light propagating in the optical waveguide 11 may be determined according to the refractive index of the optical waveguide 11, and the grating parameters of the coupling grating 12 may be designed according to the total reflection critical angle and the angle interval of the incident light to the coupling grating 12, so that the incident light in the angle interval can be totally reflected in the optical waveguide 11 after passing through the coupling grating 12. Wherein the grating parameters may comprise at least one of: refractive index, duty cycle, grating height, tilt angle, grating period, etc.
In a specific implementation, the grating periods of the coupling-in grating 12 and the coupling-out grating 13 may be the same, which is not limited in this embodiment.
In a specific implementation, because the grating has angle selectivity and wavelength selectivity, when the coupling-out grating 13 is designed, the image light 101 can meet the Bragg matching condition, and the image light 101 is diffracted by the coupling-out grating 13; and the ambient light does not meet the Bragg matching condition, and the ambient light can directly enter human eyes through the coupling-out grating 13, so that the fusion of the ambient light and the image light 101 is realized, and the augmented reality display effect is formed.
In this embodiment, as shown in fig. 2, the zero-order light ray 102 may be incident to the optical transmission system perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide 11, which is not limited in this disclosure.
To completely eliminate the zero order light, in an alternative implementation, the zero order light ray 102 forms a zero order spot when it is incident on the plane of the outcoupling grating 13, and the isolation region 132 covers the zero order spot.
Optionally, when the zero order light ray 102 focused in the optical waveguide 11 is incident on the plane of the coupling-out grating 13, the focal point of the zero order light ray 102 may be located in the isolation region 132 of the coupling-out grating 13, which helps to completely eliminate the zero order light ray 102.
The inventor finds that most of the augmented reality display products on the market at present are 2D display or binocular parallax 3D display technology with visual fatigue is used.
In order to achieve a 3D display without visual fatigue, in an alternative implementation, the image light 101 may be a 3D image light 101, and the in-coupling grating 12 and the out-coupling grating 13 are volume holographic gratings.
Wherein, the volume holographic grating is a holographic optical element. Holographic optical elements are optical elements made according to the principles of holography, and are typically made on photosensitive film materials. Unlike conventional optical elements, which are based on reflection or refraction, holographic optical elements are based on diffraction principles, which are a type of diffractive optical element. Because the holographic optical element is only one layer of film, the volume and the weight are greatly reduced compared with the traditional optical element. Meanwhile, the holographic optical element can carry out optical multiplexing, record a plurality of holograms, realize integration of multiple functions, and further reduce the volume of the system.
In the implementation mode, not only can 3D display without visual fatigue be realized, but also the volume and the weight of the system can be reduced.
In this embodiment, the coupling-in grating 12 may be disposed on a side surface of the optical waveguide 11 facing away from the incident light, or on a side surface of the optical waveguide 11 facing near the incident light. Specifically, if the coupling-in grating 12 is a reflective grating, the coupling-in grating 12 is located at a side of the optical waveguide 11 facing away from the incident light; if the coupling-in grating 12 is a transmissive grating, the coupling-in grating 12 is located at a side of the optical waveguide 11 near the incident light.
In this embodiment, the coupling-out grating 13 may be disposed on a side surface of the optical waveguide 11 facing away from the incident light, or on a side surface of the optical waveguide 11 facing near the incident light. Specifically, if the coupling-out grating 13 is a reflective grating, the coupling-out grating 13 is located at a side of the optical waveguide 11 facing away from the incident light; if the coupling-out grating 13 is a transmissive grating, the coupling-out grating 13 is located on the side of the optical waveguide 11 near the incidence of the incident light.
The coupling-in grating 12 and the coupling-out grating 13 may be disposed on a side surface of the optical waveguide 11 near the incident light, or disposed on a side surface of the optical waveguide 11 facing away from the incident light, or disposed on a side surface of the optical waveguide 11 near the incident light, and disposed on a side surface of the optical waveguide 11 facing away from the incident light.
As shown in fig. 2, the coupling-in grating 12 and the coupling-out grating 13 are reflective gratings, and are disposed on a surface of the optical waveguide 11 facing away from the incident light.
As shown in fig. 2, the in-coupling grating 12 may be disposed near an end face a of the optical waveguide 11, and the out-coupling grating 13 may be disposed near an end face b, the end face a and the end face b being disposed opposite to each other. The end face a connects a side surface of the optical waveguide 11 near the incidence of the image light ray 101 and a side surface of the optical waveguide 11 far away from the incidence of the image light ray 101, and the end face b connects a side surface of the optical waveguide 11 near the incidence of the image light ray 101 and a side surface of the optical waveguide 11 far away from the incidence of the image light ray 101.
The image light 101 is diffracted in the same diffraction order by the in-coupling grating 12 and the out-coupling grating 13. For example, the diffraction orders may each be 1 st order, or the like, and the specific diffraction order may be determined according to the magnitude of diffraction efficiency.
When incident light is incident on the plane of the coupling-in grating 12, an overlapping region is formed, and the coupling-in grating 12 covers the overlapping region. When incident light rays of various angles are incident on the plane in which the coupling-in grating 12 is located, an overlapping area is formed, and when the coupling-in grating 12 covers the overlapping area, image light rays 101 of various angles can be received, so that the human eye can see a complete image in the range of the angle of view.
The present disclosure also provides a display device, referring to fig. 7, including: a spatial light modulator 71 and an optical transmission system 72 as provided in any of the embodiments.
Wherein the spatial light modulator 71 is configured to emit image light rays 101 and zero order light rays 102 to the optical transmission system 72.
The display device is more lightweight due to the use of the zeroth order optical transmission system 72, so that a head mounted display system can be realized. In this embodiment, the display device may be an augmented reality display device.
In an alternative implementation, the spatial light modulator 71 is located on the same side of the optical transmission system 72 as the image light rays exiting the outcoupling grating 13. The spatial light modulator 71 and the field of view of human eyes (i.e. the side of the coupling-out grating 13 emitting the image light) are arranged on the same side of the optical transmission system 72, so that the display device is more in line with the structure of glasses, wherein the spatial light modulator 71 can be positioned at the positions of the glasses legs, so that the augmented reality display device more in line with the wearing habit of the user can be conveniently prepared. Of course, the spatial light modulator 71 and the field of view of the human eye may also be located on different sides of the optical transmission system 72, and this embodiment is not limited thereto, as the case may be.
The present disclosure also provides a method for manufacturing an optical transmission system, which may be used to manufacture the optical transmission system provided in any of the above embodiments. Referring to fig. 6 and 3, the preparation method includes:
Step 61: a photosensitive coating 31 is applied to the surface of the optical waveguide 11.
Step 62: irradiating the first coherent light L01 and the second coherent light L02 which are mutually coherent to the position corresponding to the coupling-in grating on the photosensitive coating 31; and irradiating the position, corresponding to the diffraction region of the coupling-out grating, of the photosensitive coating 31 with mutually coherent third coherent light L03 and fourth coherent light L04, wherein the third coherent light L03 is incident on the photosensitive coating 31 to form a first region, the fourth coherent light L04 is incident on the photosensitive coating 31 to form a second region, and the first region and/or the second region are/is not overlapped with the isolation region 132.
Optionally, a block of shielding block 32 may be disposed at a position corresponding to the isolation region on the side where the third coherent light L03 is incident, so that the first region and the isolation region do not overlap, that is, there is no irradiation of the third coherent light L03 in the isolation region, thereby avoiding interference between the third coherent light L03 and the fourth coherent light L04 in the isolation region and avoiding formation of interference fringes.
In a specific implementation, the shielding block 32 may be further disposed on the side on which the fourth coherent light L04 is incident, so that the second area and the isolation area 132 are not overlapped, that is, there is no irradiation of the fourth coherent light L04 in the isolation area, so that interference between the third coherent light L03 and the fourth coherent light L04 in the isolation area is avoided, and interference fringes are avoided.
The shielding block 32 may be further disposed on the side where the third coherent light L03 and the fourth coherent light L04 are incident, so that the first area and the second area do not overlap with the isolation area 132, that is, the isolation area is not irradiated by the third coherent light L03 and the fourth coherent light L04, thereby avoiding interference of the third coherent light L03 and the fourth coherent light L04 in the isolation area and avoiding formation of interference fringes.
The first coherent light L01 and the second coherent light L02 are coherent light, and may interfere with each other at a position on the photosensitive coating 31 corresponding to the coupling-in grating. The third coherent light L03 and the fourth coherent light L04 are coherent light, and may interfere with each other at a position on the photosensitive coating 31 corresponding to a diffraction region of the outcoupling grating.
The wavelengths of the first, second, third, and fourth coherent light L01, L02, L03, and L04 may be the same as the wavelength of the image light 101.
Step 63: the irradiated photosensitive coating 31 is processed to form the coupling-in grating 12 and the coupling-out grating 13 on the surface of the optical waveguide 11.
Specifically, the irradiated photosensitive coating 31 may be subjected to development and fixing treatment, thereby forming the coupling-in grating 12 and the coupling-out grating 13 on the surface of the optical waveguide 11, as shown in fig. 2.
As shown in fig. 3, the first coherent light L01 may be a focused light beam, and the second coherent light L02 may be a planar light beam. The first coherent light L01 and the second coherent light L02 may be incident from opposite sides of the optical waveguide 11, respectively.
The incident angle of the first coherent light L01 may be an acute angle, i.e., the angle between the first coherent light L01 and the surface of the optical waveguide 11 is greater than 0 ° and less than 90 °.
The second coherent light L02 may be perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide 11. I.e. the angle between the second coherent light L02 and the surface of the light guide 11 is 90 deg..
In a specific implementation, the obliquely incident focused light beam, i.e. the first coherent light beam L01, interferes with the normally incident plane wave, i.e. the second coherent light beam L02, thereby completing the recording of the coupling-in grating 12.
In order to obtain the first coherent light beam L01, as shown in fig. 4, an initial light beam L05 including a plurality of wavelengths may be irradiated onto one triangular prism, and wavelength screening and incident angle adjustment may be performed by the triangular prism.
As shown in fig. 3, the third coherent light beam L03 may be a focused light beam and the fourth coherent light beam L04 may be a planar light beam. The third coherent light L03 and the fourth coherent light L04 are incident from opposite sides of the optical waveguide 11, respectively.
The incident angle of the fourth coherent light L04 is an acute angle, i.e., the angle between the fourth coherent light L04 and the surface of the optical waveguide 11 is greater than 0 ° and less than 90 °.
The third coherent light beam L03 is perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide 11, which means that the angle between the central light ray of the third coherent light beam L03 and the surface of the optical waveguide 11 is 90 °.
In a specific implementation, the obliquely incident plane wave, i.e. the fourth coherent light L04, interferes with the vertically incident focused light wave, i.e. the third coherent light L03, at a position corresponding to the diffraction region 131, and a shielding block 32 may be placed at a position corresponding to the isolation region, so as to avoid forming interference fringes in the isolation region 132, thereby completing the recording of the coupling-out grating 13.
In order to obtain the fourth coherent light beam L04, as shown in fig. 5, an initial light beam L06 including a plurality of wavelengths may be irradiated onto one triangular prism, and wavelength screening and incident angle adjustment may be performed by the triangular prism.
In this specification, each embodiment is described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment is mainly described by differences from other embodiments, and identical and similar parts between the embodiments are all enough to be referred to each other.
Finally, it is further noted that relational terms such as first and second, and the like are used solely to distinguish one entity or action from another entity or action without necessarily requiring or implying any actual such relationship or order between such entities or actions. Moreover, the terms "comprises," "comprising," or any other variation thereof, are intended to cover a non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, article, or apparatus that comprises a list of elements does not include only those elements but may include other elements not expressly listed or inherent to such process, method, article, or apparatus. Without further limitation, an element defined by the phrase "comprising one … …" does not exclude the presence of other like elements in a process, method, article or apparatus that comprises the element.
The above description has been made in detail of an optical transmission system, a preparation method thereof and a display device provided by the present disclosure, and specific examples are applied herein to illustrate principles and embodiments of the present disclosure, the above examples are only for helping to understand the method and core ideas of the present disclosure; meanwhile, as one of ordinary skill in the art will have variations in the detailed description and the application scope in light of the ideas of the present disclosure, the present disclosure should not be construed as being limited to the above description.
Other embodiments of the disclosure will be apparent to those skilled in the art from consideration of the specification and practice of the disclosure disclosed herein. This disclosure is intended to cover any adaptations, uses, or adaptations of the disclosure following the general principles of the disclosure and including such departures from the present disclosure as come within known or customary practice within the art to which the disclosure pertains. It is intended that the specification and examples be considered as exemplary only, with a true scope and spirit of the disclosure being indicated by the following claims.
It is to be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the precise arrangements and instrumentalities shown in the drawings, and that various modifications and changes may be effected without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present disclosure is limited only by the appended claims.
Reference herein to "one embodiment," "an embodiment," or "one or more embodiments" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment of the present disclosure. Furthermore, it is noted that the word examples "in one embodiment" herein do not necessarily all refer to the same embodiment.
In the description provided herein, numerous specific details are set forth. However, it is understood that embodiments of the disclosure may be practiced without these specific details. In some instances, well-known methods, structures and techniques have not been shown in detail in order not to obscure an understanding of this description.
In the claims, any reference signs placed between parentheses shall not be construed as limiting the claim. The word "comprising" does not exclude the presence of elements or steps not listed in a claim. The word "a" or "an" preceding an element does not exclude the presence of a plurality of such elements. The disclosure may be implemented by means of hardware comprising several distinct elements, and by means of a suitably programmed computer. In the unit claims enumerating several means, several of these means may be embodied by one and the same item of hardware. The use of the words first, second, third, etc. do not denote any order. These words may be interpreted as names.
Finally, it should be noted that: the above embodiments are merely for illustrating the technical solution of the present disclosure, and are not limiting thereof; although the present disclosure has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, it should be understood by those of ordinary skill in the art that: the technical scheme described in the foregoing embodiments can be modified or some technical features thereof can be replaced by equivalents; such modifications and substitutions do not depart from the spirit and scope of the corresponding technical solutions of the embodiments of the present disclosure.
Claims (14)
1. An optical transmission system for transmitting an incident light ray, the incident light ray comprising an image light ray and a zero order light ray, the optical transmission system comprising: the optical waveguide, coupling-in grating and coupling-out grating set up on the surface of the said optical waveguide;
The coupling-in grating is used for coupling the incident light into the optical waveguide and converging the incident light;
the optical waveguide is used for generating total reflection on incident light rays coupled into the optical waveguide;
The coupling-out grating comprises a diffraction region and an isolation region, wherein the diffraction region is used for coupling image light rays in the optical waveguide out of the optical waveguide, and the isolation region is used for enabling zero-order light rays in the optical waveguide to continuously generate total reflection so as to enable the zero-order light rays to be emitted out of the optical transmission system at angles outside the field angle of the optical transmission system;
The isolation area is provided with a shielding block at a corresponding position, and the shielding block is used for preventing interference of third coherent light and fourth coherent light in the isolation area; the third coherent light and the fourth coherent light are mutually coherent and irradiate to the position on the photosensitive coating, which corresponds to the diffraction area of the coupling-out grating; the photosensitive coating is coated on the surface of the optical waveguide;
the zero-order light forms a zero-order light spot when entering a plane where the coupling-out grating is located, and the isolation area covers the zero-order light spot.
2. The optical transmission system of claim 1, wherein the zero order light rays are incident on the optical transmission system perpendicular to a surface of the optical waveguide.
3. The optical transmission system of claim 1, wherein the image light is a 3D image light, and the in-coupling grating and the out-coupling grating are both volume holographic gratings.
4. The optical transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein if the incoupling grating is a reflective grating, the incoupling grating is located on a side of the optical waveguide facing away from the incident light;
If the coupling-in grating is a transmission grating, the coupling-in grating is positioned at one side of the optical waveguide near the incidence side of the incident light.
5. The optical transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein if the out-coupling grating is a reflective grating, the out-coupling grating is located on a side of the optical waveguide facing away from the incident light;
If the coupling-out grating is a transmission grating, the coupling-out grating is positioned at a side of the optical waveguide near the incidence side of the incident light.
6. An optical transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the diffraction orders of the image light rays diffracted by the incoupling and outcoupling gratings are the same.
7. An optical transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the grating periods of the in-coupling and out-coupling gratings are the same.
8. An optical transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the incident light rays form an overlap region when incident on a plane in which the incoupling grating lies, the incoupling grating covering the overlap region.
9. A display device, comprising: a spatial light modulator and an optical transmission system as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8;
wherein the spatial light modulator is configured to emit the image light and the zero-order light to the optical transmission system.
10. The display device of claim 9, wherein the spatial light modulator is on the same side of the optical transmission system as the light rays exiting the outcoupling grating.
11. A method for producing the optical transmission system according to any one of claims 1 to 8, comprising:
Coating a photosensitive coating on the surface of the optical waveguide;
Irradiating the position, corresponding to the coupling-in grating, on the photosensitive coating with first coherent light and second coherent light which are mutually coherent; irradiating a third coherent light and a fourth coherent light which are mutually coherent on the photosensitive coating at positions corresponding to the diffraction regions of the coupling-out grating, wherein the third coherent light is incident on the photosensitive coating to form a first region, the fourth coherent light is incident on the photosensitive coating to form a second region, and the first region and/or the second region are/is not overlapped with the isolation region;
and processing the irradiated photosensitive coating, and forming the coupling-in grating and the coupling-out grating on the surface of the optical waveguide.
12. The method of claim 11, wherein the first coherent light is a focused light beam, the second coherent light is a planar light beam, the first coherent light and the second coherent light are respectively incident from opposite sides of the optical waveguide, the angle of incidence of the first coherent light is an acute angle, and the second coherent light is perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide.
13. The method of claim 11, wherein the third coherent light is a focused light beam, the fourth coherent light is a planar light beam, the third coherent light and the fourth coherent light are respectively incident from opposite sides of the optical waveguide, the third coherent light is perpendicular to the surface of the optical waveguide, and the incident angle of the fourth coherent light is an acute angle.
14. The method of claim 11, wherein the first, second, third, and fourth coherent light have the same wavelength as the image light.
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| CN1443305A (en) * | 2000-07-21 | 2003-09-17 | 维尔有限公司 | Coupling elements for surface plasmon resonance sensors |
| CN111781724A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2020-10-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Information display equipment and information display method |
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| CN101017218A (en) * | 2007-02-14 | 2007-08-15 | 苏州大学 | Photoconductive coating film of diffraction grating and manufacture method thereof |
| CN109901298A (en) * | 2019-02-28 | 2019-06-18 | 京东方科技集团股份有限公司 | Optical waveguide and display equipment |
| CN212694110U (en) * | 2020-09-25 | 2021-03-12 | 杭州光粒科技有限公司 | Diffraction light waveguide display device and system |
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| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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| CN1443305A (en) * | 2000-07-21 | 2003-09-17 | 维尔有限公司 | Coupling elements for surface plasmon resonance sensors |
| CN111781724A (en) * | 2017-02-28 | 2020-10-16 | 华为技术有限公司 | Information display equipment and information display method |
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