CN113862610A - Pretreatment method for improving corrosion resistance of carburized layer - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明属于材料表面改性技术领域，涉及一种提高渗碳层耐蚀性能的预处理方法。渗碳处理前，根据基材的化学成分，设置渗氮温度300～1200℃与保温时间2～24h，对其进行预氮化处理，在工件表面形成20～100μm厚的渗氮层。将获得渗氮层的工件进行高温渗碳处理，对预氮化处理以及渗碳处理后的工件进行相关的高温淬火、深冷以及回火处理等渗后热处理工艺。本发明作为预处理的渗氮工艺更为成熟，生产成本较低，过程相对简单，且对材料与设备的限制不大，能够有效地提高后续渗碳层的耐蚀性能，改善渗层质量，增加渗层的服役寿命。
The invention belongs to the technical field of material surface modification, and relates to a pretreatment method for improving the corrosion resistance of a carburized layer. Before carburizing, according to the chemical composition of the substrate, set the nitriding temperature of 300-1200 °C and the holding time of 2-24 hours, and pre-nitriding it to form a nitriding layer with a thickness of 20-100 μm on the surface of the workpiece. The workpiece with the nitrided layer is subjected to high-temperature carburizing treatment, and the workpiece after pre-nitriding treatment and carburizing treatment is subjected to related high-temperature quenching, cryogenic and tempering treatment and isotonic post-heat treatment processes. The nitriding process of the present invention is more mature as the pretreatment, the production cost is low, the process is relatively simple, and the restrictions on materials and equipment are not large, the corrosion resistance of the subsequent carburized layer can be effectively improved, and the quality of the carburized layer can be improved. Increase the service life of the seepage layer.
Description
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the technical field of material surface modification, and relates to a pretreatment method for improving corrosion resistance of a carburized layer.
Background
Carburizing is a material surface modification technology, can improve the carbon content of a material surface layer within a certain range, ensures the toughness of a core part and simultaneously obtains higher surface hardness, and is widely applied to the field of gears and bearings. However, the corrosion resistance of the workpiece is generally reduced after carburization, the workpiece is more easily corroded in service under a complex working condition environment, and the service life of the workpiece is reduced to a certain extent.
In order to improve the corrosion resistance of the carburized layer and improve the carburized layer quality, various related process methods are proposed in the industry, such as an ion implantation method, (CN108179375A), a rare earth catalysis method (CN105483604A), a surface metal carbide coating method (CN109321875A) and the like, but the problems of high cost, material equipment limitation, complex process and the like still exist, so that the search for an effective method for improving the corrosion resistance of the carburized layer still has important significance.
Nitriding is also a common surface heat treatment method, can obtain higher hardness and residual compressive stress on the surface of a workpiece, but is often used as a final heat treatment process to improve the surface hardness of a diffusion layer because the diffusion layer is generally thinner and the nitriding temperature is lower. At present, no relevant research on the aspect of improving the corrosion resistance of a carburized layer by using nitriding as a pretreatment process before carburization exists.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a pretreatment method capable of improving the corrosion resistance of a carburized layer, improving the quality of a carburized layer and prolonging the service life of the carburized layer.
The invention relates to a pretreatment method for improving corrosion resistance of a carburized layer, which comprises the following specific steps:
before carburizing treatment, setting nitriding temperature to be 300-1200 ℃ and heat preservation time to be 2-24 h according to chemical components of a base material, and performing pre-nitriding treatment on the base material to form a nitriding layer with the thickness of 20-100 microns on the surface of a workpiece.
And step two, performing high-temperature carburization treatment on the workpiece with the nitrided layer obtained in the step one, and controlling the specific carburization temperature to be 400-1200 ℃ according to the chemical components of the base material.
And step three, carrying out heat treatment after base material infiltration, and carrying out related processes such as high-temperature quenching, deep cooling, tempering treatment and the like on the workpiece subjected to the pre-nitriding treatment and the carburizing treatment.
Compared with the prior art, the nitriding process as pretreatment is more mature, the production cost is lower, the process is relatively simple, the limitation on materials and equipment is small, the corrosion resistance of the carburized layer can be effectively improved, the carburized layer quality is improved, and the service life of the carburized layer is prolonged.
Drawings
FIG. 1 is a heat treatment process diagram of case hardening steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5 Ni;
FIG. 2 is a heat treatment process diagram of a case hardening steel 20CrMnTi test steel of example;
FIG. 3 is a graph of the polarization curve of the carburized layer and the Nyquist plot after the full process of the case-carburized steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5 Ni;
FIG. 4 is a chart of the polarization curve of the carburized layer and the Nyquist curve after the full process of the case of the carburized steel 20 CrMnTi.
Detailed Description
The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the following examples and accompanying drawings, and further verifies the beneficial effects of the present invention.
The first embodiment is as follows: taking case of case hardening steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5Ni
Taking carburized steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5Ni to be carburized, mechanically grinding the surface of the carburized steel according to a standard process, polishing the carburized steel by diamond polishing paste with the particle size of 2.5 mu m, and then ultrasonically cleaning and drying the carburized steel in absolute ethyl alcohol for later use. Wherein, the chemical composition of the carburizing steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5Ni is C0.14 percent in mass percentage; 13.96 percent of Cr; 12.73 percent of Co; 4.75 percent of Mo; 1.8 percent of Ni; v0.6%; 0.5 percent of W; the balance being Fe and unavoidable impurities.
And step two, putting the carburized steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5Ni treated in the step one into a vacuum furnace to carry out a pretreatment process before carburization, heating after vacuumizing, heating to 580 ℃, nitriding after the temperature is raised, wherein the specific nitriding time is 5h, a nitriding medium is ammonia gas, the ammonia gas decomposition rate is kept between 18 +/-2% in the nitriding process, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace after nitriding is finished.
And step three, setting the vacuum carburizing temperature to be 960 ℃ according to the chemical components of the carburized steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5Ni and the carburizing temperature commonly used in actual production development. And (3) loading the carburized steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5Ni subjected to nitriding treatment in the step two into a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing, starting to heat, heating to 960 ℃, starting to carburize, setting the carburized surface concentration to be 1.2%, using acetylene as a carburizing medium, setting the specific carburization time (carburization + diffusion) to be 13h, and cooling the oil to room temperature after the carburization is finished.
And 4, heating the carburized steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5Ni subjected to carburization in the third step to 1065 ℃ in a vacuum furnace, preserving the temperature for 1h, performing oil quenching, taking out, and performing cryogenic treatment (-190 ℃), tempering treatment (500 ℃) and secondary cryogenic treatment and secondary tempering treatment at the same temperature, wherein the specific heat treatment process is shown in figure 1.
Comparative example one:
the comparative example is different from the first example in that the pretreatment process of the second step before carburization is not performed after the first step, and is otherwise the same as the first example.
Example two: case of case hardening steel 20CrMnTi
Taking 20CrMnTi of carburized steel to be carburized, mechanically grinding the surface of the carburized steel according to a standard process, polishing the carburized steel by diamond polishing paste with the particle size of 2.5 mu m, and then ultrasonically cleaning and drying the carburized steel in absolute ethyl alcohol for later use. Wherein, the chemical components of the carburizing steel 20CrMnTi are C0.21 percent in mass percentage; 1.28 percent of Cr; 1.03 percent of Mn; 0.07 percent of Ti; 0.01 percent of Cu; 0.01 percent of Ni; 0.26 percent of Si; p is 0.016 percent; 0.003% of S and the balance of Fe and inevitable impurities.
And step two, filling the carburized steel 20CrMnTi processed in the step one into a vacuum furnace for a pretreatment process before carburization, heating after vacuumizing, heating to 530 ℃, nitriding, wherein the specific nitriding time is 7h, a nitriding medium is ammonia gas, the ammonia gas decomposition rate is kept between 18 +/-2% during nitriding, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace after nitriding is completed.
And step three, setting the vacuum carburization temperature to 920 ℃ according to the chemical components of the carburized steel 20CrMnTi and the carburization temperature commonly used in actual production and development. And (2) loading the carburized steel 20CrMnTi subjected to nitriding treatment in the step two into a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing, heating to 650 ℃, keeping the temperature for 30min, preheating, heating to 920 ℃, then starting carburizing, setting the carburized surface concentration to be 0.75%, using acetylene as a carburizing medium, setting the specific carburizing time (carburizing and diffusing) to be 3h, cooling to 830 ℃ along with the furnace after carburizing, keeping the temperature for 30min, and cooling oil to room temperature.
And 4, carrying out cryogenic treatment (-190 ℃) and low-temperature tempering treatment (180 ℃) on the carburized steel 20CrMnTi subjected to the carburization treatment in the third step, wherein the specific heat treatment process is shown in figure 2.
Comparative example two:
the comparative example is different from the second example in that the pretreatment process of the second step before carburization is not performed after the first step, and the other steps are the same as the second example.
The self-corrosion current density I of each case of carburized steel was obtained by Tafel extrapolation of the polarization curves of FIGS. 3 and 4corrAnd self-etching potential EcorrAs shown in Table 1, it can be seen that the autogenous corrosion current density of the carburized steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5Ni and 20CrMnTi carburized layer after pretreatment is reduced and the autogenous corrosion potential is significantly increased, which indicates that the carburized steel after pretreatment is corrodedThe corrosion rate is reduced and the corrosion tendency is also significantly reduced. In addition, as can also be seen from fig. 3 and 4, the resistive arc diameters of the pretreated carburized steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5Ni and 20CrMnTi carburized layer are larger, which also indirectly reflects the corrosion rate of the carburized steel. Therefore, it can be seen that, by nitriding the base material before carburizing, the corrosion resistance of the subsequent carburized layer can be significantly improved.
TABLE 1 polarization curve fitting results of carburized steel after full process treatment
Claims (3)
1. A pretreatment method for improving the corrosion resistance of a carburized layer is characterized in that,
before carburizing treatment, setting nitriding temperature to be 300-1200 ℃ and heat preservation time to be 2-24 h according to chemical components of a base material, and performing pre-nitriding treatment on the base material to form a nitriding layer with the thickness of 20-100 microns on the surface of a workpiece;
step two, performing high-temperature carburization on the workpiece with the nitrided layer obtained in the step one, and controlling the specific carburization temperature to be 400-1200 ℃ according to the chemical components of the base material;
and step three, carrying out heat treatment after the base material is subjected to carburization, and carrying out high-temperature quenching, deep cooling and tempering on the workpiece subjected to the pre-nitriding treatment and the carburization treatment.
2. The pretreatment method for improving the corrosion resistance of the carburized layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the substrate is carburized steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5Ni, and the method comprises the following steps:
taking carburized steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5Ni to be carburized, mechanically grinding the surface of the carburized steel according to a standard process, polishing the carburized steel by diamond polishing paste with the particle size of 2.5 mu m, and then ultrasonically cleaning and drying the carburized steel in absolute ethyl alcohol for later use; wherein, the chemical composition of the carburizing steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5Ni is C0.14 percent in mass percentage; 13.96 percent of Cr; 12.73 percent of Co; 4.75 percent of Mo; 1.8 percent of Ni; v0.6%; 0.5 percent of W; the balance being Fe;
step two, putting the carburized steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5Ni treated in the step one into a vacuum furnace to carry out a pretreatment process before carburization, starting heating after vacuumizing, raising the temperature to 580 ℃ and then nitriding, wherein the specific nitriding time is 5h, a nitriding medium is ammonia gas, the ammonia gas decomposition rate is kept between 18 +/-2% in the nitriding process, and the carburized steel is cooled to room temperature along with the furnace after nitriding is finished;
setting the vacuum carburization temperature to 960 ℃ according to the chemical components of carburized steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5 Ni; loading the carburized steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5Ni subjected to nitriding treatment in the second step into a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing, starting to heat, heating to 960 ℃, starting to carburize, setting the carburized surface concentration to be 1.2%, using acetylene as a carburizing medium, setting the specific carburization time (carburization + diffusion) to be 13h, and cooling the oil to room temperature after the carburization is finished;
and 4, heating the carburized steel 14Cr14Co13Mo5Ni subjected to carburization in the third step to 1065 ℃ in a vacuum furnace, preserving the heat for 1h, performing oil quenching, taking out, and performing secondary deep cooling and secondary tempering at-190 ℃, 500 ℃ and the same temperature.
3. The pretreatment method for improving the corrosion resistance of a carburized layer according to claim 1, characterized in that the substrate is carburized steel 20CrMnTi, and the pretreatment method comprises the following steps:
taking 20CrMnTi of carburized steel to be carburized, mechanically grinding the surface of the carburized steel according to a standard process, polishing the carburized steel by diamond polishing paste with the particle size of 2.5 mu m, and then ultrasonically cleaning and drying the carburized steel in absolute ethyl alcohol for later use; wherein, the chemical components of the carburizing steel 20CrMnTi are C0.21 percent in mass percentage; 1.28 percent of Cr; 1.03 percent of Mn; 0.07 percent of Ti; 0.01 percent of Cu; 0.01 percent of Ni; 0.26 percent of Si; p is 0.016 percent; s0.003 percent, and the balance of Fe;
step two, filling the carburized steel 20CrMnTi processed in the step one into a vacuum furnace for a pretreatment process before carburization, heating after vacuumizing, heating to 530 ℃, nitriding, wherein the specific nitriding time is 7h, a nitriding medium is ammonia gas, the ammonia gas decomposition rate is kept at 18 +/-2% in the nitriding process, and cooling to room temperature along with the furnace after nitriding is completed;
setting the vacuum carburization temperature to 920 ℃ according to the chemical components of the carburized steel 20 CrMnTi; filling the carburized steel 20CrMnTi subjected to nitriding treatment in the step two into a vacuum furnace, vacuumizing, heating to 650 ℃, keeping the temperature for 30min, preheating, heating to 920 ℃, then starting carburizing, setting the carburized surface concentration to be 0.75%, taking acetylene as a carburizing medium, setting the specific carburizing time (carburizing and diffusion) to be 3h, cooling to 830 ℃ along with the furnace after carburizing, keeping the temperature for 30min, and cooling oil to room temperature;
and 4, carrying out cryogenic treatment on the carburized steel 20CrMnTi subjected to carburization treatment in the step three to 190 ℃ below zero, and carrying out low-temperature tempering treatment to 180 ℃.
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| CN114196921A (en) * | 2022-02-17 | 2022-03-18 | 中南大学湘雅医院 | A kind of magnesium alloy surface coating and preparation method thereof |
| CN115537715A (en) * | 2022-10-13 | 2022-12-30 | 江阴市华夏化工机械有限公司 | Steel material surface modification method for die manufacturing |
| CN115558879A (en) * | 2022-08-26 | 2023-01-03 | 创斯特精密机械（昆山）有限公司 | Preparation process and application of mold core with high heat conduction and heat dissipation |
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