CN113859275B - Sand spreading control method for railway vehicle - Google Patents
Sand spreading control method for railway vehicle Download PDFInfo
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- CN113859275B CN113859275B CN202111249795.6A CN202111249795A CN113859275B CN 113859275 B CN113859275 B CN 113859275B CN 202111249795 A CN202111249795 A CN 202111249795A CN 113859275 B CN113859275 B CN 113859275B
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B61—RAILWAYS
- B61C—LOCOMOTIVES; MOTOR RAILCARS
- B61C15/00—Maintaining or augmenting the starting or braking power by auxiliary devices and measures; Preventing wheel slippage; Controlling distribution of tractive effort between driving wheels
- B61C15/08—Preventing wheel slippage
- B61C15/10—Preventing wheel slippage by depositing sand or like friction increasing materials
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Abstract
The invention discloses a rail vehicle sanding control method, which comprises the following steps: step 1, obtaining vehicle running conditions, and respectively calculating corresponding sanding gears under each vehicle running condition according to the vehicle running conditions, wherein the vehicle running conditions comprise vehicle idling, vehicle sliding, vehicle climbing, vehicle running weather conditions and vehicle braking; step 2, calculating sanding duration according to corresponding sanding gears under each vehicle operation condition; and 3, controlling the sand spreader to perform sanding according to the sanding time and the corresponding sanding gear under each vehicle operation condition. The rail vehicle sanding control method disclosed by the invention realizes the accurate control of sanding, avoids the waste of sanding amount, ensures the sanding effect and effectively helps the vehicle to safely and stably run.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of rail vehicle braking, in particular to a rail vehicle sanding control method.
Background
Sanding is a common driving auxiliary means of rail vehicles, and the environment around the railway line has great influence on the adhesion performance of wheel rails, including leaves, plants, grease, water, ice, snow and the like. When these contaminants adhere to the rail, the wheel-rail adhesion is drastically reduced, causing the wheels of the locomotive to slip, causing wheel-rail scuffing. The sanding is the most commonly used tackifier and is also one of the ideal tackifying effects and economical efficiency. The electric locomotive sanding device is used for sanding the rail surface in front of the wheel tread. The purpose of sanding is to increase the coefficient of adhesion between the wheels and the rails, thereby increasing the adhesion of the electric locomotive to improve the traction or braking of the locomotive.
The technical scheme of the prior art I is as follows: the prior sand spreader in China has simple functions, and when the vehicle idles or slides, the network control system of the vehicle gives corresponding states: a 1 (set) or 0 (reset) signal is applied for sanding, the amount of sanding generally controlled by the sanding time due to the default values and status of the device.
The first prior art has the following defects:
1) the sand spreader applied at present can exert a better effect of increasing friction force under various working conditions, so that sand production control is not fine, different control of various working conditions is not realized, the default sand production amount is large, when the idling, sliding and braking degrees of vehicles are different, the default sand production can cause a large amount of waste when the degrees are light, the sand spreader is applied for a long time, and the sand spreader is a small burden on the operation cost and generates certain waste;
2) the quality of the sand is uneven, when the sand has the problems of large granularity, dampness, too low installation position of equipment, angle of a sand sprinkling pipe and the like, the sand flow is difficult to ensure by a default sand flow mode, and the sand sprinkling effect is not obvious;
3) the prior various intelligent sand blasters do not refer to relevant parameters of actual driving, have low effectiveness, are improved to a certain extent compared with the prior equipment, but do not realize actual matching with various working conditions, and still do not play the actual function of sanding.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a sanding control method for a railway vehicle, which is used for solving the problem of sanding waste caused by inaccurate sanding control in the prior art.
The technical means adopted by the invention are as follows:
a rail vehicle sanding control method comprises the following steps:
step 1, obtaining vehicle running conditions, and respectively calculating corresponding sanding gears under each vehicle running condition according to the vehicle running conditions, wherein the vehicle running conditions comprise vehicle idling, vehicle sliding, vehicle climbing, vehicle running weather conditions and vehicle braking;
step 2, calculating sanding duration according to corresponding sanding gears under each vehicle operation condition;
and 3, controlling a sand spreader to perform sand spreading according to the sand spreading time and the corresponding sand spreading gear under each vehicle operation condition.
Further, the method for calculating the sanding gear when the vehicle running condition is the vehicle idling comprises the following steps: the idling degree proportionality coefficient B is calculated by the formula (2),
B＝MAX(D i )/A-1 (2)
wherein D is i N is the axle speed, i is 1.. N, N is the number of axles corresponding to a specific rail vehicle, and a is the locomotive running speed;
and (4) looking up a table according to the idle degree proportionality coefficient B to obtain a corresponding sanding gear when the vehicle idles.
Further, the method for calculating the sanding gear when the vehicle runs and the vehicle slides comprises the following steps: the coefficient of degree of sliding E is calculated by equation (3),
E＝MIN(D i )/A (3)
and looking up a table according to the sliding degree coefficient E to obtain the corresponding sanding gear when the vehicle slides.
Further, the method for calculating the sanding gear when the vehicle running condition is vehicle climbing is as follows: calculating a climbing grade proportionality coefficient F through a formula (4),
F＝MAX(A SET -A)/A SET (4)
wherein A is SET Setting speed for the traveling crane;
and looking up a table according to the climbing grade proportional coefficient F to obtain a corresponding sanding gear when the vehicle climbs.
Further, the method for calculating the sanding gear when the vehicle running condition is vehicle braking comprises the following steps: and obtaining a braking method and a braking force exertion state, and obtaining a corresponding sanding gear when the vehicle brakes according to a table look-up of the braking method and the braking force exertion state.
Further, the sanding duration C is calculated as follows: calculating the sanding time C through a formula (5),
wherein λ is k And k is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 for sanding gears corresponding to different vehicle running conditions.
Further, the calculation method for controlling the sanding device to sand according to the sanding duration and the corresponding sanding gear under each vehicle operation condition is as follows: calculating the sand scattering amount by the formula (1),
sand amount ═ C × MAX (λ) K ) (1)。
Compared with the prior art, the rail vehicle sanding control method disclosed by the invention has the following beneficial effects: the method integrates various environments and states in the vehicle running process to judge the sanding control, gives a specific sanding scheme according to different sanding requirements and matching working conditions, guides the parameters of vehicle sanding, can accurately sand, ensures the rail adhesion capability in the vehicle running process, saves sand resources, and effectively helps the vehicle to run safely and stably.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a flowchart of a sanding control method for a rail vehicle according to the present invention.
Detailed Description
Fig. 1 shows a rail vehicle sanding control method disclosed by the invention, which comprises the following steps:
step 1, obtaining vehicle running conditions, and respectively calculating corresponding sanding gears under each vehicle running condition according to the vehicle running conditions, wherein the vehicle running conditions comprise vehicle idling, vehicle sliding, vehicle climbing, vehicle running weather conditions and vehicle braking;
step 2, calculating sanding duration according to corresponding sanding gears under each vehicle operation condition;
and 3, controlling a sand spreader to perform sand spreading according to the sand spreading time and the corresponding sand spreading gear under each vehicle operation condition.
According to the invention, a plurality of factors such as the driving state of the vehicle, the environment and the like are fully considered to control the sanding, and the sanding response control can be timely and accurately carried out on the sanding control in the driving process of the vehicle in an all-around manner. Specifically, the sanding controller acquires vehicle operating conditions including vehicle idling, vehicle sliding, vehicle climbing, vehicle operating weather conditions and vehicle braking, and respectively calculates corresponding sanding gears under each vehicle operating condition according to the vehicle operating conditions;
when the vehicle runs, the adhesion coefficient between the wheel rails is reduced due to the fact that the track is wet and slippery or the vehicle body swings, the traction force of the traction motor is larger than the adhesion force between the wheel rails, idling of the vehicle can occur, at the moment, the idle running of individual axle wheels of the vehicle mostly occurs, at the moment, sanding is needed to increase the adhesion capacity of the track, but the following scheme is adopted for distinguishing and controlling the sanding condition according to different idling conditions:
in the invention, the calculation method of the sanding gear when the vehicle running working condition is the vehicle idling comprises the following steps: the idling degree proportionality coefficient B is calculated by the formula (2),
B＝MAX(D i )/A-1 (2)
wherein D is i N, wherein N is the number of axles corresponding to a specific rail vehicle, and a is the running speed of the locomotive, which is obtained from a train control system and a signal system through mean processing; the parameter B is an idling degree proportionality coefficient, and the value is the percentage difference between the axle speed and the driving speed; d i N is the number of axles corresponding to a specific rail vehicle;
and obtaining a corresponding sanding gear when the vehicle idles according to the idle degree proportionality coefficient B by looking up a table, namely the sanding gear is determined by the idle degree proportionality coefficient B, wherein the maximum value of the shaft speed proportion in all shafts is selected in the calculation process.
In the present embodiment, the relationship between the idle degree proportionality coefficient B and the sanding gear is detailed in table 1.
TABLE 1 Idle running degree proportionality coefficient B and sanding gear corresponding table
| λ 1 | B |
| 0 | B<3％ |
| 1 | 3％<＝B<＝5％ |
| 2 | 5％<B<＝8％ |
| 3 | 8％<B<＝11％ |
| 4 | 11％<B<＝14％ |
| 5 | 14％<B<＝17％ |
| 6 | 17％<B<＝20％ |
| 7 | 20％<B<＝23％ |
| 8 | 23％<B<＝26％ |
| 9 | 26％<B<＝29％ |
| 10 | B>29％ |
When vehicle braking force is greater than wheel, when the adhesion force between the rail, the brake shoe is embraced the wheel and is forced its stall, because the inertial action of vehicle, still continue to slide on the track under the condition that the wheel can not roll, cause the reason of this operating mode to be too high for braking force, make braking force be far more than the adhesion force between the wheel rail, it is higher to slide the injury to track and wheel, not only can destroy the track surface, slide the friction that brings and still can lead to the wheel to warp, influence the driving operation, do the following scheme to the condition of sanding this moment and come differential control:
in the invention, the calculation method of the sanding gear when the vehicle slides under the vehicle running working condition is as follows: the coefficient of degree of sliding E is calculated by equation (3),
E＝MIN(D i )/A (3)
the sand spreading gear is determined by a sliding degree coefficient when the vehicle slides under the vehicle running working condition, the sliding degree coefficient E is the percentage of the difference between the axle speed and the driving speed, and the axle speed proportion selects the minimum value of all the axles in the calculation process;
and looking up a table according to the sliding degree coefficient E to obtain a corresponding sanding gear when the vehicle slides.
In this embodiment, the relationship between the sliding degree coefficient E and the sanding gear is detailed in table 2.
TABLE 2 glide degree coefficient E and sanding gear mapping table
| λ 2 | E |
| 0 | E>95％ |
| 1 | 90％<＝E<95％ |
| 2 | 85％<＝E<90％ |
| 3 | 80％<＝E<85％ |
| 4 | 75％<＝E<80％ |
| 5 | 70％<＝E<75％ |
| 6 | 65％<＝E<70％ |
| 7 | 60％<＝E<65％ |
| 8 | 55％<＝E<60％ |
| 9 | 50％<＝E<55％ |
| 10 | E<50％ |
When only the climbing condition of the rail vehicle in the constant speed control mode is considered, the vehicle can run according to the set value of the constant speed in the running mode, when the vehicle meets a slope, the running speed can be reduced, at the moment, sanding control is carried out, and the friction force between the vehicle and the rail is increased to enable the vehicle to exert effective traction force. The sanding situation is differentially controlled by the following scheme:
in the invention, the method for calculating the sanding gear when the vehicle runs on a slope comprises the following steps: calculating a climbing grade proportionality coefficient F through a formula (4),
F＝MAX(A SET -A)/A SET (4)
wherein, A SET Setting speed for driving, and setting climbing grade proportionality coefficient F as speed A and speed A for driving SET Percent difference of (d);
and looking up a table according to the climbing grade proportionality coefficient F to obtain a corresponding sanding gear when the vehicle climbs the slope.
In this embodiment, the corresponding relationship between the climbing grade ratio coefficient F and the sanding gear is detailed in table 3.
TABLE 3 climbing grade proportionality coefficient F and sanding gear corresponding table
| λ 3 | F |
| 0 | F<1％ |
| 1 | 1％<＝F<2％ |
| 2 | 2％＝F<3％ |
| 3 | 3％<＝F<4％ |
| 4 | 4％<＝F<5％ |
| 5 | 5％<＝F<6％ |
| 6 | 6％<＝F<7％ |
| 7 | 7％<＝F<8％ |
| 8 | 8％<＝F<9％ |
| 9 | 9％<＝F<10％ |
| 10 | F>＝10％ |
At present, no weather related variable is introduced into the driving control in the rail vehicle, a rail obstacle detection system can only identify the foreign matter condition of a rail, and the capability of identifying states of rain, ice, snow, grease and the like of the rail is not available, a professional rail state identification system or a driver is used for setting the grade through a human-computer interaction interface to carry out the rail state condition of weather influence, the weather condition G is divided into 10 grades, the sanding condition is differentially controlled according to the following scheme, and in the implementation, the corresponding relation between the weather grade and the sanding gear is detailed in a table 4.
TABLE 4 weather grade and sanding gear corresponding table
When a vehicle is braked, the friction force between a wheel rim and a track needs to be increased to help the vehicle to effectively exert the brake, but the sanding amount is not too large, the free driving capacity of a locomotive is an important premise for stably exerting the electric brake force in an electric brake part, the sanding amount is too large, the halfway exertion of the electric brake is caused, energy is wasted, and in an air brake part, a relatively large amount of sanding is needed to help the air brake to exert the sanding, and the sanding is controlled and judged. And acquiring a braking method and a braking force exertion state, and searching a table according to the braking method and the braking force exertion state to acquire a corresponding sanding gear when the vehicle is braked. Aiming at different situations of electric braking force exertion H and air braking force exertion I, the invention obtains corresponding sanding gears during vehicle braking according to the braking method and the braking force exertion state table lookup and performs the following scheme to perform differential control.
In the present embodiment, the correspondence relationship between the electric brake force exertion H and the air brake force exertion I and the sanding step position is shown in tables 5 and 6.
Table 5 electric braking force exertion H and sanding gear corresponding table
| λ 5 | H |
| 4 | >200KN |
| 3 | 150KN<H>200KN |
| 2 | 100KN<H>150KN |
| 1 | 50KN<H>100KN |
| 0 | H<50KN |
Table 6 air brake force exertion I and sanding gear position corresponding table
Further, the sanding duration C is calculated as follows: calculating the sanding time C through a formula (5),
wherein λ is k And k is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 for sanding gears corresponding to different vehicle running conditions. That is, in the present invention, the sanding amount is determined by the vehicle running environment and state, and when there is a sanding demand from the vehicle, C is 1, and when there is no sanding demand from the vehicle, C is 0, and sanding is terminated.
In the invention, the calculation method for controlling the sand spreader to sand according to the sanding time and the corresponding sanding gear under each vehicle running condition comprises the following steps: calculating the sand scattering amount by the formula (1),
sand amount ═ C × MAX (λ) K ) (1)。
The method is characterized in that the sand outlet position of the sand spreader is divided into ten gear positions according to the maximum sand outlet condition of the sand spreader under each vehicle running condition, and then the sand outlet gear position lambda corresponding to the current vehicle is calculated according to each vehicle running condition 1 、λ 2 、λ 3 、λ 4 And λ 5 (λ 6 ) And finally, acquiring the maximum sanding gear required by the current vehicle during running, and then controlling the sander to sand in combination with the sanding time C.
For example, when, by the above calculation, 1) when the vehicle runs idle, the control of the sand discharge amount is performed according to the invention scheme of table 1, equation (5);
2) when the vehicle slides, the sand sprinkling amount is controlled according to the invention schemes of the table 2 and the formula (5);
3) when the vehicle climbs a slope, controlling the sand scattering amount according to the invention schemes of the table 3 and the formula (5);
4) when the vehicle is in bad weather, controlling the sand spreading amount according to the invention schemes of the table 4 and the formula (5);
5) when the vehicle is in electric braking or air braking, the sand sprinkling amount is controlled according to the invention schemes of tables 5 and 6 and the formula (5).
According to the invention, because the working conditions needing sanding are differentiated and refined, and various factors causing sanding are combined, the sanding control is completed by controlling the sanding amount and the sanding time according to different conditions, the rail adhesion capacity in the vehicle driving process is ensured, the precise control of sanding is realized, the waste of the sanding amount is avoided, the sanding effect is ensured, and the safe and stable driving of the vehicle is effectively facilitated.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered as the technical solutions and the inventive concepts of the present invention within the technical scope of the present invention.
Claims (6)
1. A rail vehicle sanding control method is characterized by comprising the following steps: the method comprises the following steps:
step 1, obtaining vehicle running conditions, and respectively calculating corresponding sanding gears under each vehicle running condition according to the vehicle running conditions, wherein the vehicle running conditions comprise vehicle idling, vehicle sliding, vehicle climbing, vehicle running weather conditions and vehicle braking;
step 2, calculating sanding duration according to corresponding sanding gears under each vehicle operation condition;
step 3, controlling a sand spreader to perform sand spreading according to the sand spreading time and the corresponding sand spreading gear under each vehicle operation condition;
the method for calculating the sanding gear when the vehicle running working condition is the vehicle idling comprises the following steps: the idling degree proportionality coefficient B is calculated by the formula (2),
B＝MAX(D i )/A-1 (2)
wherein D is i The speed of each axle is 1.. N, wherein N is the number of the axles corresponding to the specific railway vehicle, and A is the running speed of the locomotive;
and (4) looking up a table according to the idle degree proportionality coefficient B to obtain a corresponding sanding gear when the vehicle idles.
2. The rail vehicle sanding control method of claim 1, wherein: the method for calculating the sanding gear when the vehicle slides under the vehicle running working condition comprises the following steps: the coefficient of degree of sliding E is calculated by equation (3),
E＝MIN(D i )/A (3)
and looking up a table according to the sliding degree coefficient E to obtain the corresponding sanding gear when the vehicle slides.
3. The rail vehicle sanding control method of claim 2, wherein: the method for calculating the sanding gear when the vehicle runs on a slope comprises the following steps: calculating a climbing grade proportionality coefficient F through a formula (4),
F＝MAX(A SET -A)/A SET (4)
wherein A is SET Setting speed for the traveling crane;
and looking up a table according to the climbing grade proportionality coefficient F to obtain a corresponding sanding gear when the vehicle climbs the slope.
4. The rail vehicle sanding control method of claim 3, wherein: the calculation method of the sanding gear when the vehicle running working condition is vehicle braking comprises the following steps: and acquiring a braking method and a braking force exertion state, and searching a table according to the braking method and the braking force exertion state to acquire a corresponding sanding gear when the vehicle is braked.
5. The rail vehicle sanding control method of claim 4, wherein: the calculation method of the sanding time C comprises the following steps: calculating the sanding time C through a formula (5),
wherein λ is k And k is 1, 2, 3, 4, 5 and 6 for sanding gears corresponding to different vehicle running conditions.
6. The rail vehicle sanding control method of claim 5, wherein: the calculation method for controlling the sand spreader to perform sanding according to the sanding time and the corresponding sanding gear under each vehicle operation condition comprises the following steps: calculating the sand scattering amount by the formula (1),
sand spreading quantity ═ C × MAX (λ) K ) (1)。
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