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CN113851712A - High-voltage lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery - Google Patents

High-voltage lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery Download PDF

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Publication number
CN113851712A
CN113851712A CN202110987707.6A CN202110987707A CN113851712A CN 113851712 A CN113851712 A CN 113851712A CN 202110987707 A CN202110987707 A CN 202110987707A CN 113851712 A CN113851712 A CN 113851712A
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lithium
ion battery
carbonate
voltage
electrolyte
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刘欣
梁大宇
赵坤
黄波
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Gotion High Tech Co Ltd
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    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/056—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes
    • H01M10/0564—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte characterised by the materials used as electrolytes, e.g. mixed inorganic/organic electrolytes the electrolyte being constituted of organic materials only
    • H01M10/0566—Liquid materials
    • H01M10/0567—Liquid materials characterised by the additives
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/05—Accumulators with non-aqueous electrolyte
    • H01M10/052—Li-accumulators
    • H01M10/0525—Rocking-chair batteries, i.e. batteries with lithium insertion or intercalation in both electrodes; Lithium-ion batteries
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M10/00—Secondary cells; Manufacture thereof
    • H01M10/42—Methods or arrangements for servicing or maintenance of secondary cells or secondary half-cells
    • H01M10/4235—Safety or regulating additives or arrangements in electrodes, separators or electrolyte
    • H—ELECTRICITY
    • H01—ELECTRIC ELEMENTS
    • H01M—PROCESSES OR MEANS, e.g. BATTERIES, FOR THE DIRECT CONVERSION OF CHEMICAL ENERGY INTO ELECTRICAL ENERGY
    • H01M2300/00—Electrolytes
    • H01M2300/0088—Composites
    • H01M2300/0091—Composites in the form of mixtures
    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02E—REDUCTION OF GREENHOUSE GAS [GHG] EMISSIONS, RELATED TO ENERGY GENERATION, TRANSMISSION OR DISTRIBUTION
    • Y02E60/00—Enabling technologies; Technologies with a potential or indirect contribution to GHG emissions mitigation
    • Y02E60/10—Energy storage using batteries

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  • Inorganic Chemistry (AREA)
  • Secondary Cells (AREA)

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-voltage lithium ion battery electrolyte, which comprises lithium salt, an organic solvent, a basic additive and a high-voltage additive, wherein the high-voltage additive comprises trimethoxyboroxine and a p-carboxyalkylidene compound. The invention also discloses a lithium ion battery suitable for the charging potential of 4.35-5V. The electrolyte and the lithium ion battery can not only ensure normal work under a high-voltage system, but also meet the requirements of high-temperature storage and high-temperature recycling, and the safety of the electrolyte and the lithium ion battery in the use and storage processes is improved.

Description

High-voltage lithium ion battery electrolyte and lithium ion battery
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of lithium ion battery materials, in particular to a high-voltage lithium ion battery electrolyte and a lithium ion battery.
Background
The lithium ion battery has the advantages of high energy density, long cycle life, no memory effect and the like, and is widely researched and applied. At present, the anode materials of commercial high-capacity lithium ion batteries mainly comprise lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium nickel manganese, ternary materials and the like, but the charging is cut to 4.2V, and the lithium ion batteries need to work under a high-voltage system in order to meet the requirements of sustainable work of portable electronic products and electric automobiles. At high voltage, commercial electrolytes, such as carbonate electrolytes, have strong oxidation capability to the electrolytes due to the anode materials, and the dissolution of transition metals such as cobalt and manganese is aggravated, so that the solvents of the electrolytes of lithium ion batteries are continuously oxidized and decomposed in the high-temperature storage and circulation processes, and the batteries generate gas and have capacity attenuation accompanied with potential safety hazards. Therefore, in order to meet the use requirement of the high-voltage battery, it is necessary to develop a novel lithium ion battery electrolyte to improve the cycle performance of the lithium ion battery under the high-voltage condition.
Disclosure of Invention
Based on the technical problems in the background art, the invention provides a high-voltage lithium ion battery electrolyte and a lithium ion battery.
The invention provides a high-voltage lithium ion battery electrolyte, which comprises lithium salt, an organic solvent, a basic additive and a high-voltage additive, wherein the high-voltage additive comprises trimethoxyboroxine and a p-carboxyamidoalkyl compound.
Preferably, the structural formula of the p-carboxyamidoalkyl compound is shown as the formula (1):
Figure BDA0003231274730000021
in the formula (1), R1、R2Each independently selected from C1-6Straight or branched alkyl, C1-6Straight-chain or branched haloalkyl, C2-6Haloalkenyl, n is an integer from 1 to 3.
Preferably, the p-carboxyamidoalkyl compound is selected from one of a compound 1, a compound 2, a compound 3 and a compound 4:
Figure BDA0003231274730000022
preferably, the mass of the trimethoxy boroxine accounts for 0.3-0.8% of the total mass of the electrolyte, and the mass of the p-carboxyamidoalkyl compound accounts for 0.1-0.5% of the total mass of the electrolyte.
Preferably, the mass of the lithium salt accounts for 10-20% of the total mass of the electrolyte.
Preferably, the mass of the basic additive accounts for 1-10% of the total mass of the electrolyte.
Preferably, the lithium salt is at least one of lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium perchlorate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium methanesulfonate, lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bistrifluoromethylsulfonimide and lithium bisoxalato borate.
Preferably, the organic solvent is at least one of ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, propyl methyl carbonate, ethyl acetate and propyl methyl carbonate, gamma-butyrolactone, propyl propionate, ethyl 2, 2, 2-trifluoro-ethyl methyl carbonate, diethyl 2, 2, 2-trifluoro-carbonate or ethyl 2, 2, 2-trifluoro-propyl carbonate.
Preferably, the basic additive is an additive for improving the high-temperature storage performance of the lithium ion battery; preferably, the base additive is at least one of vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, vinyl ethylene carbonate, styrene carbonate, 1, 3-propane sultone, 1, 4-butane sultone, tris (pentafluorophenyl) boron, tris (trimethylsilane) phosphate, nitriles, and acid anhydrides.
A lithium ion battery comprises the electrolyte.
Preferably, the lithium ion battery further comprises a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a diaphragm.
Preferably, the positive electrode piece comprises a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer coated on the positive electrode current collector, the positive electrode active material layer comprises a positive electrode active material, and the positive electrode active material is at least one of lithium cobaltate, lithium manganate, lithium nickel manganese oxide and lithium nickel cobalt manganese oxide;
the negative pole piece comprises a negative pole current collector and a negative pole active substance layer coated on the negative pole current collector, wherein the negative pole active substance layer contains a negative pole active substance, and the negative pole active substance is one or more of natural graphite, artificial graphite, silicon and lithium titanate.
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
in the electrolyte, the trimethoxy boron-oxygen hexacycloalkane and the p-formamide alkyl compounds are compounded to be used as a high-voltage additive, and a stable interface film can be generated on a positive electrode interface through the synergistic effect of the trimethoxy boron-oxygen hexacycloalkane and the p-formamide alkyl compounds, so that the dissolution of transition metal ions in a positive electrode material can be inhibited, the electrode and electrolyte interface is stabilized, the expansion rate of a battery cell is reduced, and the cycle performance and the high-temperature storage retention rate are improved. Fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), 1-propene-1, 3-sultone (PAS), vinyl sulfate (DTD), lithium difluorophosphate (LiPO)2F2) And the base additives can improve the high-temperature storage performance of the battery on the basis of ensuring the cycle performance. In conclusion, the electrolyte disclosed by the invention can not only ensure normal work under a high-voltage system (preferably with the upper limit cut-off voltage of 4.35-5V), but also meet the requirements of high-temperature storage and high-temperature recycling, and the safety of the electrolyte in the use and storage process is improved.
Detailed Description
The technical solution of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to specific examples.
Example 1
A high-voltage electrolyte of a lithium ion battery comprises the following raw materials in percentage by mass: 12% of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 2% of lithium bis (trifluoromethyl) sulfonyl imide, 30.1% of a compound, 0.3% of trimethoxyboroxine, 3% of fluoroethylene carbonate, 1% of ethylene sulfate, 0.5% of 1-propylene-1, 3-sultone, 1% of lithium difluorophosphate and the balance of an organic solvent;
the preparation method of the compound 3 comprises the following steps:
adding 44g N N dimethyl ethylenediamine into 75g 40% formaldehyde ethanol solution, heating to 60 deg.C, reacting for 5 hr, heating to 100 deg.C, reacting for 30min to obtain compound 3 with purity of 99.0%.
The organic solvent is obtained by mixing ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate and diethyl carbonate according to the mass ratio of 20:5:50: 20;
the preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrolyte comprises the following steps: in a glove box (moisture is less than 10ppm, oxygen content is less than 1ppm) filled with argon, taking an organic solvent, uniformly mixing, then adding a p-carboxyalkylation compound, trimethoxyboroxine, fluoroethylene carbonate, ethylene sulfate, lithium difluorophosphate and lithium bistrifluoromethylsulfonyl imide, slowly adding lithium hexafluorophosphate, and stirring until the lithium hexafluorophosphate is completely dissolved.
Example 2
Example 2 differs from example 1 only in that: the mass percent of the compound 3 is 0.5%.
Example 3
Example 3 differs from example 1 only in that: the mass percent of the compound 3 is 0.5 percent, and the mass percent of trimethoxyboroxine is 0.8 percent.
Example 4
Example 4 differs from example 1 only in that: compound 4 was used instead of compound 3.
The preparation method of the compound 4 comprises the following steps:
adding 51g N N dimethyl propane diamine into 75g of 40% formaldehyde ethanol solution, heating to 60 ℃ for reaction for 5h, heating to 100 ℃ for reaction for 30min to obtain a compound 4 with the purity of 99.0%.
Example 5
Example 5 differs from example 4 only in that: the mass percent of compound 4 was 0.5%.
Example 6
Example 6 differs from example 4 only in that: the mass percent of the compound 4 is 0.5 percent, and the mass percent of trimethoxyboroxine is 0.8 percent.
Example 7
A high-voltage electrolyte of a lithium ion battery comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 15% of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 5% of lithium bistrifluoromethylsulfonyl imide, 10.1% of a compound, 0.3% of trimethoxyboroxine, 0.3% of fluoroethylene carbonate, 0.2% of vinyl sulfate, 0.2% of 1-propene-1, 3-sultone, 0.3% of lithium difluorophosphate, and the balance of an organic solvent, wherein the composition of the organic solvent is the same as that of example 1;
the preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrolyte is the same as that of example 1.
Example 8
A high-voltage electrolyte of a lithium ion battery comprises the following raw materials in percentage by weight: 8% of lithium hexafluorophosphate, 2% of lithium bistrifluoromethylsulfonyl imide, 20.3% of a compound, 0.5% of trimethoxyboroxine, 5% of fluoroethylene carbonate, 3% of vinyl sulfate, 1-propene-1, 3-sultone, 1% of lithium difluorophosphate and the balance of an organic solvent, wherein the composition of the organic solvent is the same as that in example 1;
the preparation method of the lithium ion battery electrolyte is the same as that of example 1.
Comparative example 1
Comparative example 1 differs from example 1 only in that: does not contain compound 3 and trimethoxyboroxine.
Comparative example 2
Comparative example 2 differs from example 1 only in that: compound 3 was not included.
Comparative example 3
Comparative example 3 differs from example 1 only in that: no trimethoxyboroxine is contained.
Comparative example 4
Comparative example 4 differs from example 4 only in that: no trimethoxyboroxine is contained.
Comparative example 5
Comparative example 5 differs from example 7 only in that: no trimethoxyboroxine is contained.
Comparative example 6
Comparative example 6 differs from example 8 only in that: no trimethoxyboroxine is contained.
Test examples
The electrolytes of examples 1 to 8 and comparative examples 1 to 6 were taken and assembled with a separator, a positive electrode plate and a negative electrode plate to form a lithium ion battery, wherein the positive electrode plate was composed of an aluminum foil and a positive electrode active material layer coated on the aluminum foil, the positive electrode active material layer contained a positive electrode active material of nickel cobalt lithium manganate, the negative electrode plate was composed of a copper foil and a negative electrode active material layer coated on the copper foil, and the negative electrode active material layer contained a negative electrode active material of artificial graphite.
The detection method for the ternary lithium ion battery assembled by the materials comprises the following steps:
high temperature 0.5C/1C cycle experiment: charging the lithium ion battery assembled by the materials to 4.4V limiting voltage at 0.5 ℃ and then changing to constant voltage charging until the charging current is less than or equal to the cut-off current, standing for 30min, then discharging to 2.8V cut-off voltage at 1.0 ℃, standing for 30min, performing charge-discharge experiments according to the procedures, and performing cycle for more than 300 weeks.
High temperature storage experiment: the batteries obtained in comparative examples 1 to 6 and examples 1 to 8 were charged to a limit voltage of 4.4V at 0.5C, then changed to constant voltage charging until the charging current was not more than the cutoff current, left to stand for 5min, and then discharged at 0.5C, where the current discharge capacity was the initial capacity; charging at 0.5C to 4.4V, limiting voltage, changing into constant voltage charging, standing for 2h when the charging current is less than or equal to the cut-off current, and measuring the initial thickness and the initial internal resistance; storing the battery cell at 60 +/-2 ℃ and opening the circuit for 7 days; then taking out the battery core, immediately testing the thickness, recovering for 2h at room temperature, and testing the internal resistance of the battery; and then, the battery cell is discharged according to 0.5C, and then is charged and discharged at 0.5C, and the residual capacity and the recovery capacity are tested. The results of calculating the change rate of the thickness, internal resistance, residual capacity and recovered capacity measured before and after the storage of the battery are shown in table 1.
Table 1 lithium ion battery performance test results
Figure BDA0003231274730000071
Figure BDA0003231274730000081
In combination with table 1 above: examples 1, 4, 7, 8 and comparative examples 1 to 6 show that after trimethoxyboroxine and p-carboxyamidoalkyl compounds are added to the electrolyte as high voltage additives of lithium ion batteries, a stable interfacial film can be formed on the positive electrode interface through the synergistic effect of the trimethoxyboroxine and the p-carboxyamidoalkyl compounds, so that the oxidative decomposition reaction of the electrolyte and the positive electrode material under high voltage is inhibited,the internal resistance of the battery is reduced, the high-temperature cycle performance of the battery is obviously improved, the expansion rate of a battery core is reduced, and the high-temperature storage retention rate and the expansion rate of the battery are degraded when the battery and the battery are used independently; further, by introducing fluoroethylene carbonate (FEC), 1-propene-1, 3-sultone (PAS), vinyl sulfate (DTD) and lithium difluorophosphate (LiPO)2F2) After the basic additives are added, the high-temperature storage performance of the battery can be improved on the basis of ensuring the cycle performance.
In comparative examples 1 to 6, increasing the amount of the high voltage additive added causes an increase in the internal resistance of the battery during high temperature cycling, which reduces the discharge capacity of the battery. But the capacity retention rate and the recovery rate after high-temperature storage are obviously improved, and the volume expansion rate of the battery core is also reduced. The formamide alkyl compound can quickly remove HF and reduce the damage of the formamide alkyl compound to a battery, thereby effectively improving the side reaction gas production and high-temperature storage performance of the electrolyte in the circulating process.
The above description is only for the preferred embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art should be considered to be within the technical scope of the present invention, and the technical solutions and the inventive concepts thereof according to the present invention should be equivalent or changed within the scope of the present invention.

Claims (10)

1.一种高电压锂离子电池电解液，其特征在于，包括锂盐、有机溶剂、基础添加剂和高电压添加剂，所述高电压添加剂包括三甲氧基硼氧六环烷和对甲酰胺代烷基类化合物。1. a high-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolyte, characterized in that, comprising lithium salts, organic solvents, basic additives and high-voltage additives, and the high-voltage additives include trimethoxyboroxane and p-formamidoalkane base compounds. 2.根据权利要求1所述的高电压锂离子电池电解液，其特征在于，所述对甲酰胺代烷基类化合物的结构式如式(1)所示：2. The high-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the structural formula of the p-formamido alkyl compound is shown in formula (1):
Figure FDA0003231274720000011
Figure FDA0003231274720000011
 式(1)中，R1、R2各自独立地选自C1-6直链或支链烷基、C1-6直链或支链卤代烷基、C2-6卤代烯基，n为1-3的整数。In formula (1), R 1 and R 2 are each independently selected from C 1-6 straight or branched chain alkyl, C 1-6 straight or branched chain haloalkyl, C 2-6 haloalkenyl, n is an integer from 1-3. 3.根据权利要求1或2所述的高电压锂离子电池电解液，其特征在于，所述对甲酰胺代烷基类化合物选自化合物1、化合物2、化合物3、化合物4中的一种：3. The high-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolyte according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the p-formamido alkyl compound is selected from the group consisting of compound 1, compound 2, compound 3, and compound 4 :
Figure FDA0003231274720000012
。
Figure FDA0003231274720000012
. 4.根据权利要求1-3任一项所述的高电压锂离子电池电解液，其特征在于，所述三甲氧基硼氧六环烷的质量占电解液总质量的0.3-0.8％，对甲酰胺代烷基类化合物的质量占电解液总质量的0.1-0.5％。4. The high-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolyte according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein the mass of the trimethoxyboroxane accounts for 0.3-0.8% of the total mass of the electrolyte. The mass of the carboxamido alkyl compounds accounts for 0.1-0.5% of the total mass of the electrolyte. 5.根据权利要求1所述的高电压锂离子电池电解液，其特征在于，所述锂盐的质量占电解液总质量的10-20％。5 . The high-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein the mass of the lithium salt accounts for 10-20% of the total mass of the electrolyte. 6 . 6.根据权利要求1所述的高电压锂离子电池电解液，其特征在于，所述基础添加剂的质量占电解液总质量的1-10％。6 . The high-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolyte according to claim 1 , wherein the mass of the basic additive accounts for 1-10% of the total mass of the electrolyte. 7 . 7.根据权利要求1所述的高电压锂离子电池电解液，其特征在于，所述锂盐为六氟磷酸锂、六氟砷酸锂、高氯酸锂、四氟硼酸锂、甲基磺酸锂、三氟甲基磺酸锂、双三氟甲基磺酰亚胺锂、双草酸硼酸酯锂中的至少一种；7. The high-voltage lithium-ion battery electrolyte according to claim 1, wherein the lithium salt is lithium hexafluorophosphate, lithium hexafluoroarsenate, lithium perchlorate, lithium tetrafluoroborate, lithium methanesulfonate, At least one of lithium trifluoromethanesulfonate, lithium bis-trifluoromethanesulfonimide, and lithium bis-oxalate borate; 优选地，所述有机溶剂为碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸丙烯酯、碳酸二甲酯、碳酸二乙酯、碳酸甲乙酯、碳酸甲丙酯、乙酸乙酯和碳酸甲丙酯、γ-丁内酯、丙酸丙酯、丙酸乙酯、2，2，2-三氟代碳酸甲乙酯、2，2，2-三氟代碳酸二乙酯或2，2，2-三氟代碳酸乙丙酯中的至少一种；Preferably, the organic solvent is ethylene carbonate, propylene carbonate, dimethyl carbonate, diethyl carbonate, ethyl methyl carbonate, propyl methyl carbonate, ethyl acetate, methyl propyl carbonate, γ-butyrolactone , propyl propionate, ethyl propionate, 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl methyl carbonate, 2,2,2-trifluorodiethyl carbonate or 2,2,2-trifluoroethyl carbonate at least one of propyl esters; 优选地，所述基础添加剂为改善锂离子电池高温存储性能的添加剂；优选地，所述基础添加剂为二氟磷酸锂、硫酸乙烯酯、碳酸亚乙烯酯、氟代碳酸乙烯酯、碳酸乙烯亚乙酯、碳酸苯乙烯酯、1，3-丙磺酸内酯、1，4-丁磺酸内酯、1-丙烯-1,3-磺酸内酯、三(五氟化苯基)硼、三(三甲基硅烷)磷酸酯、三(三甲基硅烷)磷酸酯、腈类、酸酐中的至少一种。Preferably, the basic additive is an additive for improving the high temperature storage performance of lithium ion batteries; preferably, the basic additive is lithium difluorophosphate, vinyl sulfate, vinylene carbonate, fluoroethylene carbonate, ethylene ethylene carbonate ester, styrene carbonate, 1,3-propane sultone, 1,4-butane sultone, 1-propene-1,3-sultone, tris(pentafluorophenyl)boron, At least one of tris(trimethylsilane) phosphate, tris(trimethylsilane) phosphate, nitriles, and acid anhydrides. 8.一种锂离子电池，其特征在于，包括权利要求1-7任一项所述的电解液。8. A lithium-ion battery, characterized in that it comprises the electrolyte according to any one of claims 1-7. 9.根据权利要求8所述的锂离子电池，其特征在于，还包括正极极片、负极极片和隔膜。9 . The lithium ion battery according to claim 8 , further comprising a positive pole piece, a negative pole piece and a separator. 10 . 10.根据权利要求9所述的锂离子电池，其特征在于，所述正极极片包括正极集流体和涂覆在所述正极集流体上的正极活性物质层，所述正极活性物质层包含正极活性物质，所述正极活性物质为钴酸锂、锰酸锂、镍锰酸锂、镍钴锰酸锂中的至少一种；10. The lithium ion battery according to claim 9, wherein the positive electrode plate comprises a positive electrode current collector and a positive electrode active material layer coated on the positive electrode current collector, and the positive electrode active material layer comprises a positive electrode Active material, the positive active material is at least one of lithium cobalt oxide, lithium manganate, lithium nickel manganate, and lithium nickel cobalt manganate; 所述负极极片包括负极集流体和涂覆在所述负极集流体上的负极活性物质层，所述负极活性物质层包含负极活性物质，所述负极活性物质为天然石墨、人造石墨、硅、钛酸锂中的一种或几种。The negative electrode pole piece includes a negative electrode current collector and a negative electrode active material layer coated on the negative electrode current collector, the negative electrode active material layer contains a negative electrode active material, and the negative electrode active material is natural graphite, artificial graphite, silicon, One or more of lithium titanate.
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CN117832626A (en) * 2024-03-06 2024-04-05 宁德新能源科技有限公司 Electrolyte, electrochemical device, and electronic apparatus

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Application publication date: 20211228