CN113845577A - SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽及其应用 - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明公开了SARS‑CoV‑2特异性多肽及其应用,属于免疫检测领域。本发明提供了两条针对SARS‑CoV‑2特异性多肽,并且用相应多肽制备了多肽‑MHC四聚体,使用多肽‑MHC四聚体检测SARS‑CoV‑2感染康复者的T细胞,阳性率分别为3.63%、2.37%,明显高于阴性对照组0.061%、0.096%,有效地增加多肽‑MHC与特异性T细胞表面TCR的亲和力,可以作为T细胞评价的有效工具,该技术还可以用于特异性T细胞的分离与克隆,结合单细胞测序技术分离特异性TCR、作为T细胞激活试剂等。在对SARS‑CoV‑2感染或疫苗接种后人群的T细胞研究方面具有较高的应用价值。
Description
技术领域
本发明涉及SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽及其应用,属于免疫检测领域。
背景技术
新型冠状病毒SARS-CoV-2自2019年12月首次被发现以来,在全球迅速传播,已被世界卫生组织宣布为国际关注的严重公共卫生紧急事件(PHEIC)。目前SARS-CoV-2大流行已经持续了一年半,造成2.13亿多2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)病例,440万人死亡,这仍然是全球公共卫生面临的一项严峻挑战。开发安全有效的疫苗是控制SARS-CoV-2传播的重要手段之一。T细胞在病毒清除中发挥着非常重要的作用,在SARS-CoV-2疫苗免疫效果的评估中,T细胞免疫应答的评估尤为重要。对SARS-CoV-2感染康复者的T细胞免疫进行评估,能够为疫苗的研发提供依据。开发高效、快速、敏感的检测SARS-CoV-2感染后患者、康复者和疫苗接种者的T细胞状态的检测手段尤为重要。
MHC-四聚体技术是将MHC单体分子四聚体化,提高其与T细胞上的TCR的亲和力,进而提高检测的灵敏度的技术。该技术可应用于检测抗原特异性T淋巴细胞、T细胞的直接分离与克隆、分离特异性TCR、原位染色等,为研究与细胞免疫反应有关的一系列工作提供了高效、快速、敏感的检测手段。然而目前还没有用四聚体技术评价SARS-CoV-2感染康复人群或疫苗接种人群T细胞免疫水平的报道。
发明内容
本发明的第一个目的是提供SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽,所述多肽氨基酸序列如SEQID NO.1所示;或如SEQ ID NO.2所示。
本发明的第二个目的是提供所述特异性多肽的衍生物,是在所述SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽的氨基酸序列上取代、或缺失,或添加一个或几个氨基酸,且具有与所述多肽相同抗原性的多肽衍生物。
本发明的第三个目的是提供对SARS-CoV-2感染或疫苗接种后人群的T细胞高度特异性和高度灵敏性的多肽-MHC四聚体,所述多肽-MHC四聚体由生物素化的MHC-I与所述SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽,或,由生物素化的MHC-I与所述特异性多肽衍生物结合。
本发明的第四个目的是提供所述多肽-MHC四聚体的制备方法,包括如下步骤:(1)用大肠杆菌表达MHC轻链和MHC重链;(2)稀释复性,制备多肽/MHC复合物;(3)制备生物素化的多肽/MHC复合物;(4)生物素化的多肽/MHC复合物与带标记的链亲和素反应。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述MHC重链C端连接生物素。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述MHC中的C端添加能够连接生物素的氨基酸序列GGGLNDIFEAQKIEWHE。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述步骤(3)中,在BirA酶的催化下多肽/MHC复合物与D-biotin结合。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述步骤(3)中,所述D-biotin的浓度为400~600μmol/L。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述步骤(4)中,按照摩尔比(4~6):(0.5~1.5)的比例与带标记的链亲和素反应。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述步骤(4)中,按照摩尔比5:1的比例与带标记的链亲和素反应。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述多肽-MHC四聚体的制备方法还包括纯化。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述纯化为将制备得到的多肽/MHC复合物经分子筛纯化。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述方法具体是:利用大肠杆菌表达MHC轻链及C端连接生物素的MHC重链,利用稀释复性的方法制备多肽/MHC复合物,用superdex200纯化,然后再BirA酶的催化下与D-biotin结合,形成生物素化的多肽/MHC复合物,再与带标记的链亲和素按照摩尔比5:1的比例反应,得到多肽/MHC复合物(多肽-MHC四聚体)。
本发明的第五个目的是提供一种多肽疫苗,其活性成分含有所述的SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽和/或SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽衍生物。
本发明的第六个目的是提供SARS-CoV-2特异性细胞免疫检测试剂盒,所述试剂盒含有所述SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽和/或SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽衍生物。
本发明还提供所述多肽-MHC四聚体的应用。
在本发明的一种实施方式中,所述应用包括:制备疫苗;作为T细胞免疫学评价的有效工具,对SARS-CoV-2感染或疫苗接种后人群的T细胞免疫应答进行评估;对SARS-CoV-2感染或疫苗接种人群相应免疫细胞的流式细胞术检测、组织切片的原位染色、特异性T细胞的分离与克隆、结合单细胞测序技术分离特异性TCR、作为T细胞激活试剂。
有益效果:
本发明用自主筛选的2条多肽制备的四聚体有高度的特异性和敏感性,可以作为T细胞评价的有效工具。通过流式分析表明,用本发明的方法制备的多肽-MHC四聚体检测SARS-CoV-2感染康复者的T细胞,阳性率分别为3.63%、2.37%,明显高于阴性对照组0.061%、0.096%。该技术还可以用于对SARS-CoV-2感染或疫苗接种人群的特异性T细胞的分离与克隆、结合单细胞测序技术分离特异性TCR、作为T细胞激活试剂等。
附图说明
图1为:HLA-A*1101与表位多肽superdex200分子筛柱形图;
图2为:HLA-A*1101与表位多肽形成的MHC复合物生物素化后superdex200分子筛柱形图;
图3为:M23-Tetramer染SARS-CoV-2感染康复者T细胞流式分析结果代表图;
图4为:N25-Tetramer染SARS-CoV-2感染康复者T细胞流式分析结果代表图;
具体实施方式
以下结合说明书附图和具体实施例来进一步说明本发明,但实施例并不对本发明做任何形式的限定。除非特别说明,本发明采用的试剂、方法和设备为本技术领域常规试剂、方法和设备。
除非特别说明,以下实施例所用试剂和材料均为市售商品或者可以通过已知方法制备。
实施例1 SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽的筛选
用多肽预测软件对SARS-CoV-2的M和N蛋白进行预测,得到15-18个氨基酸的多肽,用DMSO溶解多肽后,将M和N蛋白的肽分别混合成肽库。用肽库作为刺激物培养康复者的PBMC,培养9天后收获细胞。
把合成的多肽编号后按照矩阵排列,横N组,竖N组,横组和竖组有交叉,并将各横组和竖组的多肽分别混合成二级肽库。通过Elispot技术检测二级肽库产生IFN-γ的情况,通过产生IFN-γ的横组和竖组二级肽库的交叉来定位获得2条功能肽(如表1中氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1和SEQ ID NO.2所示),预测CD8+T表位(如表1所示),并通过Elispot技术检测具有较强的特异性,可用于多肽疫苗的制备,诊断试剂的研发,能够用作T细胞免疫学评价的有效工具,对SARS-CoV-2感染或疫苗接种后人群的T细胞免疫应答进行评估。
表1筛选获得的功能肽及其序列
实施例2多肽-MHC四聚体的制备
(1)多肽/MHC复合物的制备:
1)在HLA-A*1101(Genbank登陆号MT462157.1)基因C端添加能够连接生物素的氨基酸序列GGGLNDIFEAQKIEWHE,构建重组质粒pET28a-HLA-A*1101-Bio,将B2m基因(Genbank登录号为AAA39668.1)与载体连接,构建重组载体pET28a-B2m,并将质粒分别转化到大肠杆菌BL21中,获得重组菌E.coli/pET28a-B2m和E.coli/pET28a-HLA-A*1101-Bio;
2)将步骤1)中携带质粒的大肠杆菌BL21在37℃条件下培养并加入1mmol/L IPTG诱导蛋白表达,收集菌体,将菌体超声破碎,高速离心(12000rpm,10min)后将沉淀溶解在溶解buffer(6mol/L盐酸胍,10%甘油,50mmol/L Tris pH8.0,100mmol/L NaCl,10mmol/LEDTA)中,获得重链HLA-A*1101和轻链B2m;
3)将序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示的多肽(命名为多肽M23)和重链、轻链用稀释复性的方法在复性Buffer(100mmol/L Tris pH 8.0,400mmol/L精氨酸,2mmol/L EDTA)中同时复性,使其形成MHC复合物;采用上述相同方法分别用SEQ ID NO.2所示的多肽(命名为多肽N25)和重链、轻链制备MHC复合物;
4)使用超滤杯将步骤3)中获得的复性后样品通过10kDa滤膜浓缩样品,并通过浓缩置换溶液为Exchange Buffer(20mmol/L Tris-HCl,50mmol/L NaCl,pH8.0);将样品取出后4℃离心12000rpm 10min,将上清转移到超滤管中浓缩到约0.5-1ml,将样品过superdex200分子筛进行多肽/MHC复合物纯化,结果如图1所示。
(2)多肽/MHC分子的生物素化
1)将步骤(1)中获得的经过分子筛纯化后的多肽/MHC复合物蛋白样品收集于超滤浓缩管中,浓缩至约300μL,在BirA酶的催化下与D-biotin反应,4℃孵育过夜,获得生物素化后的蛋白样品。
2)将生物素化后的蛋白样品离心后过superdex200分子筛进行生物素化后的复合物纯化,以去除多余的生物素(图2)。
3)将纯化的多肽/MHC复合物用超滤浓缩管浓缩到约500μL,取样进行Gel shift试验验证生物素化效果。
样品制备:
A.2μL链亲和素Streptavidin+8μL分子筛Buffer。
B.8μL生物素化后多肽/MHC样品+2μL 20mg/mL链亲和素Streptavidin;
C.8μL生物素化后多肽/MHC样品+2μL分子筛buffer;
将上述三支样品置冰上孵育30min-2h后进行SDS-PAGE鉴定。
生物素化后的MHC能够与Streptavidin结合成为大分子,从而使得其在SDS-PAGE中的条带滞后,通过比较(C-B)/C的MHC含量的比值可以判断生物素化的效果,既有多少比例的MHC得到较好的生物素化,本发明的技术方案生物素化效应约为70%。
(3)生物素化的MHC分子四聚化:
将生物素化后的MHC分子浓缩,按照链亲和素与多肽/MHC复合物的摩尔比1:5将生物素化后的MHC分子四聚化,链亲和素为带荧光标记的链亲和素,置4℃孵育过夜,制备获得M23四聚体。
按上述相同步骤制备N25四聚体。
实施例3多肽/MHC四聚体在T细胞分析中的应用
利用SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽/MHC四聚体的高亲和力和高特异性的特点对SARS-CoV-2感染和疫苗免疫后人群T细胞进行检测,评估SARS-CoV-2感染者、康复者和接种疫苗后人群的细胞免疫效果、T细胞的分离与克隆等,采用下述步骤评价SARS-CoV-2感染康复者的T细胞免疫水平:
1)选取HLA-A*1101分型的SARS-CoV-2感染康复者的PBMC,以合成的肽库为刺激物刺激培养PBMCs,培养9天;
2)收获培养后的细胞,用FACS buffer/staining buffer(PBS+0.5%BSA)洗2遍;
3)细胞表面分子染色。加抗体(如FITC-CD8,APC-CD4,PerCp-CD3,PE-Tetramer)。
4℃冰上孵育30min;
4)洗涤。加200μL FACS buffer离心,洗2遍;
用细胞流式仪进行流式分析,结果如图3-4所示,使用多肽-MHC四聚体M23和N25检测SARS-CoV-2感染康复者的T细胞,阳性率分别为3.63%、2.37%,明显高于阴性对照组0.061%、0.096%。
实施例4多肽、多肽衍生物制备疫苗
将上述制备获得的多肽或多肽衍生物溶于水相或油相佐剂,稀释为合适浓度,过滤除菌。可选择地,进行乳化,制备获得疫苗。
虽然本发明已以较佳实施例公开如上,但其并非用以限定本发明,任何熟悉此技术的人,在不脱离本发明的精神和范围内,都可做各种的改动与修饰,因此本发明的保护范围应该以权利要求书所界定的为准。
SEQUENCE LISTING
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<120> SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽及其应用
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Claims (10)
1.一种SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽,其特征在于,其氨基酸序列如SEQ ID NO.1所示;或如SEQ ID NO.2所示。
2.权利要求1所述特异性多肽的衍生物,其特征在于,在权利要求1所述SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽的氨基酸序列上取代、或缺失,或添加一个或几个氨基酸,且具有与权利要求1所述SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽相同抗原性的多肽衍生物。
3.一种多肽-MHC四聚体,其特征在于,由生物素化的MHC-I与权利要求1所述的SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽结合,或由生物素化的MHC-I与权利要求2所述的SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽衍生物结合。
4.权利要求3所述多肽-MHC四聚体的制备方法,其特征在于,包括如下步骤:(1)用大肠杆菌表达MHC轻链和MHC重链;(2)稀释复性,制备多肽/MHC复合物;(3)制备生物素化的多肽/MHC复合物;(4)生物素化的多肽/MHC复合物与带标记的链霉亲和素反应。
5.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,所述MHC重链C端连接生物素。
6.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(3)中,在BirA酶的催化下,将多肽/MHC复合物与D-biotin结合。
7.根据权利要求4所述的制备方法,其特征在于,步骤(4)中,按照摩尔比(4~6):(0.5~1.5)的比例将生物素化的多肽/MHC复合物与带标记的链亲和素反应。
8.一种疫苗,其特征在于,活性成分含有权利要求1所述的SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽和/或权利要求2所述的SARS-CoV-2特异性多肽衍生物。
9.SARS-CoV-2特异性细胞免疫检测试剂盒,其特征在于,含有权利要求1所述的多肽和/或权利要求2所述的多肽衍生物。
10.权利要求3所述多肽-MHC四聚体在T细胞免疫评价,对SARS-CoV-2感染或疫苗接种后体内细胞的流式细胞术检测和生物体组织切片的原位染色,特异性T细胞的分离与克隆,分离特异性TCR、作为T细胞激活试剂中的应用。
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