CN113826465A

CN113826465A - Ditching machine suitable for mountain region is planted

Info

Publication number: CN113826465A
Application number: CN202111201844.9A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 谢晓文
Original assignee: Wenzhou University
Current assignee: Wenzhou University
Priority date: 2021-10-15
Filing date: 2021-10-15
Publication date: 2021-12-24

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and in particular relates to a ditching machine suitable for mountain planting, comprising a car body, a ditching unit and a fertilization unit; Groove knife; the fertilization unit includes a fertilization pipe and a hopper installed on the vehicle body, the fertilization pipe is connected to one side of the vehicle body, a discharge plug is slidably connected in the fertilization pipe, and a push rod is connected to the discharge plug; the hopper and the fertilization pipe are connected A discharge pipe located above the discharge plug is connected between them; a transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the car body, and a transmission mechanism is arranged between the transmission shaft and the power shaft; a cam is fixed on the transmission shaft, and when the discharge plug moves to the lower limit position , the discharge plug is separated from the fertilization pipe, and the material in the fertilization pipe can fall freely. Using the ditching machine of this scheme, fertilizers can be driven into the ridges at the same time as ditching and ridges, and there is no need to apply fertilizer separately after the ditching is completed, which effectively improves work efficiency and reduces labor costs.

Description

Ditching machine suitable for mountain region is planted

Technical Field

The invention belongs to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and particularly relates to a ditching machine suitable for mountain land planting.

Background

The ditching and ridging planting has the advantages that firstly, ditching and ridging can accept more light so as to improve the ground temperature and increase the photosynthetic efficiency; secondly, the ridging plots are convenient to drain and irrigate, flooding is prevented, and management is more convenient than flat-bed cultivation; thirdly, a planting layer is added, and the planting soil is loose and thick, so that the crops can have enough growth space. Because of the advantages of ditching and ridging planting, crops such as sweet potatoes, cassava, yam, peanuts, gingers and the like are all planted in ridging mode. The existing ridging planting steps are generally as follows: removing weeds, ditching and ridging by using a ditcher, then pumping fertilizer into the ridge top, stirring to mix the fertilizer and soil, finally planting crops and watering. The existing ditcher can only be used for ditching and ridging, is single in function, needs workers to separately dig holes in ridges and squeeze fertilizer after ridging, stirs mixed soil and fertilizer, and is high in labor cost and low in efficiency.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention aims to provide a ditcher suitable for mountain land planting, and aims to solve the problem that the function of the existing ditcher is single.

In order to achieve the purpose, the scheme of the invention is as follows: the ditching machine suitable for mountain land planting comprises a vehicle body, a ditching unit and a fertilizing unit; the ditching unit comprises a power shaft which is rotationally connected to the vehicle body and a power source which drives the power shaft to rotate, and a plurality of ditching cutters are fixed on the power shaft; the fertilizing unit comprises a fertilizing pipe capable of extending into soil and a hopper arranged on the vehicle body, the fertilizing pipe is connected to one side of the vehicle body, a discharging plug is connected in the fertilizing pipe in a sliding mode, and a push rod is connected to the discharging plug; a discharge pipe positioned above the discharge plug is connected between the hopper and the fertilizing pipe; a transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the vehicle body, and a transmission mechanism is arranged between the transmission shaft and the power shaft; the transmission shaft is fixed with a cam for driving the discharging plug to move up and down along the inner wall of the fertilizing pipe, when the discharging plug moves to the lower limit position, the discharging plug is separated from the fertilizing pipe, and materials in the fertilizing pipe can freely fall down.

The working principle of the scheme is as follows: when the ditching and ridging are needed, the ditching machine is pushed to the place needing operation, the ditching cutter extends into the soil, and the fertilizing pipe is also inserted into the soil beside the ditching cutter. Add fertilizer in the hopper, fertilizer in the hopper can get into in the fertilization pipe through the discharging pipe. The power source is started, the power source drives the power shaft and the ditching cutters on the power shaft to rotate, the ditching cutters stretch into soil and plane soil to two sides to finally form grooves, and ridges are formed on two sides of the grooves gradually due to accumulation of the soil. When the power shaft rotates, the transmission mechanism drives the transmission shaft and the cam on the transmission shaft to rotate together, the push rod drives the discharging plug to slide up and down along the inner wall of the fertilizing pipe under the action of the cam, when the discharging plug moves to the lower limit position, the discharging plug is separated from the fertilizing pipe and pushes away the soil below the fertilizing pipe, and the material in the fertilizing pipe enters the soil to realize the digging of fertilizer in the ridge.

The beneficial effect of this scheme lies in:

1. the existing ditcher can only conduct ditching operation, and the ditcher of the scheme of use can squeeze fertilizer into the ridges while ditching and ridging, does not need to push up the holes in the ridges to squeeze fertilizer after ditching is completed, and effectively improves work efficiency and reduces labor cost.

2. Very few direct equipment of fertilizing in inserting soil with the pipe that fertilizies in the existing market generally digs the hole earlier and fertilize, and the operation is more troublesome, because in with the pipe disect insertion soil that fertilizies, earth very easily blocks up the pipe that fertilizies, leads to unable ejection of compact. In this scheme, order about ejection of compact stopper through the cam and follow fertilization intraductal wall up-and-down motion, when ejection of compact stopper is located fertilization intraductal, because stopping of ejection of compact stopper, fertilizer in the fertilization pipe can not fall down, and when ejection of compact stopper breaks away from fertilization pipe, ejection of compact stopper makes fertilization pipe lower extreme opening open and push away the soil of fertilization pipe below simultaneously for in the intraductal material of fertilization can enter into soil smoothly, realize the purpose of beating fertilizer in the ridge. In the movement process of the discharging plug, the discharging plug can push soil away, so that the situation that the soil enters the fertilizing pipe to block the fertilizing pipe is effectively avoided.

3. The cam drives the discharge plug to move, the lower end opening of the fertilizing pipe is regularly and intermittently opened, fertilizer in the fertilizing pipe almost quantitatively enters soil at every time, the fertilizer amount entering the soil can be well controlled, and the situation that too much or too little fertilizer is applied can be effectively avoided.

4. The ditching machine of the scheme is small in size, flexible and convenient to operate and suitable for narrow places such as mountainous regions.

Optionally, the lower end of the fertilizing tube is connected with a plurality of stirring rods; the fertilizing tube is rotatably connected with a rotating sleeve, and a supporting rod is connected between the rotating sleeve and the vehicle body; the inner wall of the fertilizing tube is provided with a cam groove forming a closed loop, the push rod is connected with a connecting rod positioned above the discharging plug, and one end of the connecting rod is clamped and connected in the cam groove in a sliding manner; one end of the discharge pipe extends into the opening at the upper end of the fertilizing pipe and is rotatably connected with the fertilizing pipe, and the push rod penetrates through the discharge pipe and is in sliding connection with the discharge pipe. Because the setting of cam groove, connecting rod, order about the in-process of ejection of compact stopper up-and-down motion at the push rod, the rotation can take place for the fertilization pipe, and the fertilization pipe drives the puddler and moves together, and the puddler mixes fertilizer and soil stirring, avoids fertilizer too to concentrate and leads to the crop to burn the root.

Optionally, a clamping groove forming a closed loop is formed in the side wall of the cam, and one end of the push rod is clamped and slidably connected in the clamping groove. The arrangement is that the cam and the push rod are connected into a whole, the power of the cam can be effectively transmitted to the push rod, and the linear reciprocating motion of the push rod can be ensured in the rotating and rotating process of the cam.

Optionally, the front end of the vehicle body is detachably connected with a supporting front wheel which can enable the ditching knife to be far away from the ground. When ditching ridging, dismantle and support the front wheel, owing to lost the supporting role who supports the front wheel, the ditching sword can stretch into soil, ensures the normal clear of ditching operation. When the ditcher needs to be pushed to a needed place, the front wheel is installed and supported, the ditching cutter leaves the ground, the limitation of the ditching cutter is avoided, and the ditcher can be easily pushed.

Optionally, a mounting frame is fixed on the vehicle body, a connecting frame is detachably connected to the mounting frame, and the front supporting wheel is rotatably connected to the connecting frame.

Optionally, the transmission mechanism comprises a transmission chain, a first chain wheel fixed on the transmission shaft and a second chain wheel fixed on the power shaft, and the transmission chain is sleeved on the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel.

Optionally, a mud guard is arranged on the vehicle body and positioned above the ditching knife. Set up the mud cover can be better prevent that earth from splashing.

Alternatively, the power source is a gasoline engine. The gasoline engine has small volume and strong power and is suitable to be used as a power source.

Optionally, the upper portion of the tap plug is tapered. Set up like this, when ejection of compact stopper breaks away from the fertilization pipe, the drop that the fertilizer on the ejection of compact stopper can be better, can avoid ejection of compact stopper to bring earth back in the fertilization pipe when the ejection of compact stopper returns the fertilization pipe simultaneously.

Drawings

FIG. 1 is a front view of a ditcher suitable for mountain planting in accordance with one embodiment of the present invention;

FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the fertilization unit of FIG. 1;

fig. 3 is a sectional view of a fertilizing unit in a second embodiment of the present invention.

Detailed Description

The following is further detailed by way of specific embodiments:

reference numerals in the drawings of the specification include: the device comprises a vehicle body 10, a mud guard 11, a mounting frame 12, wheels 13, a gasoline engine 14, a connecting frame 20, a front supporting wheel 21, a mounting block 30, a ditching knife 31, a hopper 40, a discharge pipe 41, a transmission shaft 50, a cam 51, a clamping groove 511, a fertilizing pipe 60, a cam groove 61, a clamping ring 62, a push rod 70, a discharge plug 71, a connecting rod 72, a stirring rod 80, a rotating sleeve 90 and a support rod 91.

Example one

The embodiment is basically as shown in fig. 1 and fig. 2: the ditching machine suitable for mountain region is planted, including automobile body 10, ditching unit and fertilization unit, fixed mounting has the handle on the automobile body 10 of this embodiment, sets up the handle and makes the promotion of ditching machine more convenient. Wheels 13 are respectively rotatably connected to the left side and the right side of the rear of the vehicle body 10, a supporting front wheel 21 is detachably mounted at the front end of the vehicle body 10, the wheels 13 and the supporting front wheel 21 can stably support the vehicle body 10, and the vehicle body 10 can be moved more conveniently. The welding has mounting bracket 12 on the automobile body 10, and the detachable link 20 that is connected with on mounting bracket 12 supports front wheel 21 and rotates and connect on link 20. The mounting rack 12 is provided with a mounting gap, the mounting rack 12 is also provided with two through holes communicated with the mounting gap, and the two through holes are oppositely arranged; the connecting frame 20 is integrally provided with an insertion block matched with the installation notch, the insertion block is provided with a threaded hole communicated with the two through holes, and the mounting frame 12 and the connecting frame 20 can be fixed into a whole through connecting pieces such as bolts and nuts.

The ditching unit comprises a power shaft and a power source for driving the power shaft to rotate, wherein the power source is a gasoline engine 14 fixedly mounted on the vehicle body 10 in the embodiment. The power shaft is rotatably connected to the vehicle body 10 through a bearing, the power shaft is located between the wheels 13 and the supporting front wheel 21, the mounting blocks 30 are welded to two sides of the power shaft, 5 ditching knives 31 are fixedly mounted on one mounting block 30 through fasteners such as bolts and nuts, and the 5 ditching knives 31 are uniformly distributed along the circumferential direction of the power shaft. The vehicle body 10 is provided with a mud guard 11 positioned above the ditching cutter 31, and the mud guard 11 can better prevent mud from splashing.

The fertilizing unit comprises a hopper 40 and a fertilizing pipe 60 capable of extending into soil, the fertilizing pipe 60 is located on one side of the vehicle body 10, and the hopper 40 is fixedly installed on the vehicle body 10 through a bracket. A discharging plug 71 is connected in the fertilizing tube 60 in a sliding manner, and a push rod 70 is welded on the discharging plug 71. A discharge pipe 41 positioned above a discharge plug 71 is connected between the hopper 40 and the side wall of the fertilizing pipe 60, and the arrangement of the discharge pipe 41 enables fertilizer in the hopper 40 to be better transferred into the fertilizing pipe 60. The vehicle body 10 is rotatably connected with a transmission shaft 50 through a bearing, a transmission mechanism is arranged between the transmission shaft 50 and the power shaft, in this embodiment, the transmission mechanism comprises a transmission chain, a first chain wheel and a second chain wheel, the first chain wheel is fixed on the transmission shaft 50 through a spline, the second chain wheel is fixed on the power shaft through a spline, and the transmission chain is sleeved on the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel. The transmission shaft 50 is fixedly provided with a cam 51, the side wall of the cam 51 is provided with a clamping groove 511 forming a closed loop, the section of the clamping groove 511 is in a dovetail shape, and the upper end of the push rod 70 is clamped and connected in the clamping groove 511 in a sliding manner. The cam 51 can drive the discharging plug 71 to move up and down along the inner wall of the fertilizing tube 60 through the push rod 70 in the rotating process, when the discharging plug 71 moves to the lower limit position, the discharging plug 71 is separated from the fertilizing tube 60, and materials in the fertilizing tube 60 can freely fall down. The upper part of the discharging plug 71 is arranged to be conical, so that when the discharging plug 71 is separated from the fertilizing pipe 60, fertilizer on the discharging plug can fall better, and meanwhile, when the discharging plug returns to the fertilizing pipe 60, the discharging plug 71 can be prevented from bringing soil back into the fertilizing pipe 60.

The connecting frame 20 and the supporting front wheel 21 can be installed and detached according to actual use requirements, after the connecting frame 20 and the supporting front wheel 21 are detached, the height of the vehicle body 10 is reduced due to the fact that the supporting function of the supporting front wheel 21 is lost, the ditching knife 31 can extend into soil, and the lower end of the fertilizing pipe 60 can also extend into the soil. When the connecting frame 20 is installed, the front wheels 21 are supported to lift the vehicle body 10, the ditching cutter 31 and the fertilizing tube 60 are lifted and leave the ground, the limitation of the ditching cutter 31 and the fertilizing tube 60 is avoided, and the ditching machine can be pushed forwards easily.

When furrowing and ridging are needed, the furrowing machine is pushed to the place needing to be operated, the supporting front wheel 21 is detached, the furrowing knife 31 is inserted into the soil, and meanwhile, the fertilizing pipe 60 is also inserted into the soil beside the furrowing knife. Fertilizer is added to the hopper 40, and the fertilizer in the hopper 40 can enter the fertilizing pipe 60 through the discharging pipe 41. The gasoline engine 14 is started, the gasoline engine 14 drives the power shaft and the ditching cutter 31 on the power shaft to rotate, the ditching cutter 31 extends into soil and planes soil to two sides, a groove is finally formed, and ridges are formed on two sides of the groove gradually due to accumulation of the soil. When the power shaft rotates, the transmission mechanism drives the transmission shaft 50 and the cam 51 on the transmission shaft 50 to rotate together, under the action of the cam 51, the push rod 70 drives the discharging plug 71 to slide up and down along the inner wall of the fertilizing pipe 60, when the discharging plug 71 moves to the lower limit position, the discharging plug 71 is separated from the fertilizing pipe 60 and pushes away soil below the fertilizing pipe 60, and materials in the fertilizing pipe 60 enter the soil to realize that fertilizers are poured into ridges.

Example two

The present embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that: as shown in fig. 3, in this embodiment, a plurality of stirring rods 80 are welded to the lower end of the fertilizing tube 60, a rotating sleeve 90 is rotatably connected to the fertilizing tube 60, specifically, an annular groove is formed in the inner wall of the rotating sleeve 90, a clamping ring 62 is welded to the outer wall of the fertilizing tube 60, and the clamping ring 62 is clamped in the annular groove and can rotate along the annular groove. A support rod 91 is welded on the rotating sleeve 90, and the other end of the support rod 91 is welded on the vehicle body 10. The inner wall of the fertilizing tube 60 is also provided with a cam groove 61 forming a closed loop, the cam groove 61 is positioned above the discharging plug 71, the push rod 70 is welded with a connecting rod 72, and one end of the connecting rod 72 is clamped and connected in the cam groove 61 in a sliding manner. A discharge pipe 41 is also connected between the hopper 40 and the fertilizing pipe 60, and it should be noted that in this embodiment, one end of the discharge pipe 41 is not directly connected to the side wall of the fertilizing pipe 60, one end of the discharge pipe 41 extends into the upper opening of the fertilizing pipe 60 and is rotatably connected to the fertilizing pipe 60, and the arrangement of the discharge pipe 41 does not affect the normal rotation of the fertilizing pipe 60. The push rod 70 passes through the tapping pipe 41 and can normally move up and down.

In the process of using the ditching machine to ditch the operation, push rod 70 can the up-and-down motion, because the setting of cam groove 61, connecting rod 72, when push rod 70 up-and-down motion, connecting rod 72 on the push rod 70 can make the fertilization pipe 60 take place to rotate, and the fertilization pipe 60 drives puddler 80 and moves together, and puddler 80 can mix fertilizer and soil stirring, can effectively avoid leading to the crop to burn the root because of fertilizer is too concentrated.

The foregoing is merely an example of the present invention and common general knowledge of known specific structures and features of the embodiments is not described herein in any greater detail. It should be noted that, for those skilled in the art, without departing from the structure of the present invention, several changes and modifications can be made, which should also be regarded as the protection scope of the present invention, and these will not affect the effect of the implementation of the present invention and the practicability of the present invention.

Claims

1. Ditching machine suitable for mountain region is planted, its characterized in that: comprises a vehicle body, a ditching unit and a fertilizing unit; the ditching unit comprises a power shaft which is rotationally connected to the vehicle body and a power source which drives the power shaft to rotate, and a plurality of ditching cutters are fixed on the power shaft; the fertilizing unit comprises a fertilizing pipe capable of extending into soil and a hopper arranged on the vehicle body, the fertilizing pipe is connected to one side of the vehicle body, a discharging plug is connected in the fertilizing pipe in a sliding mode, and a push rod is connected to the discharging plug; a discharge pipe positioned above the discharge plug is connected between the hopper and the fertilizing pipe; a transmission shaft is rotatably connected to the vehicle body, and a transmission mechanism is arranged between the transmission shaft and the power shaft; the transmission shaft is fixed with a cam for driving the discharging plug to move up and down along the inner wall of the fertilizing pipe, when the discharging plug moves to the lower limit position, the discharging plug is separated from the fertilizing pipe, and materials in the fertilizing pipe can freely fall down.

2. The ditcher suitable for mountain planting according to claim 1, wherein: the lower end of the fertilizing pipe is connected with a plurality of stirring rods; the fertilizing tube is rotatably connected with a rotating sleeve, and a supporting rod is connected between the rotating sleeve and the vehicle body; the inner wall of the fertilizing tube is provided with a cam groove forming a closed loop, the push rod is connected with a connecting rod positioned above the discharging plug, and one end of the connecting rod is clamped and connected in the cam groove in a sliding manner; one end of the discharge pipe extends into the opening at the upper end of the fertilizing pipe and is rotatably connected with the fertilizing pipe, and the push rod penetrates through the discharge pipe and is in sliding connection with the discharge pipe.

3. The ditcher suitable for mountain planting according to claim 2, wherein: the side wall of the cam is provided with a clamping groove forming a closed loop, and one end of the push rod is clamped and connected in the clamping groove in a sliding manner.

4. A ditcher suitable for mountain planting according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the front end of the vehicle body is detachably connected with a supporting front wheel which can enable the ditching knife to be far away from the ground.

5. The ditcher suitable for mountain planting according to claim 4, wherein: the automobile body is fixed with the mounting bracket, and detachable is connected with the link on the mounting bracket, supports the front wheel and rotates to be connected on the link.

6. A ditcher suitable for mountain planting according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the transmission mechanism comprises a transmission chain, a first chain wheel fixed on the transmission shaft and a second chain wheel fixed on the power shaft, and the transmission chain is sleeved on the first chain wheel and the second chain wheel.

7. A ditcher suitable for mountain planting according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the vehicle body is provided with a mud guard cover positioned above the ditching knife.

8. A ditcher suitable for mountain planting according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the power source is a gasoline engine.

9. A ditcher suitable for mountain planting according to any one of claims 1-3, wherein: the upper part of the discharging plug is arranged to be conical.