Detect magnesium metal evaporation's device
Technical Field
The invention belongs to the field of metals, and particularly relates to a device for detecting magnesium metal evaporation.
Background
Magnesium has wide application prospects in the fields of structural materials, metallurgical reduction and the like due to low density, high specific strength and strong reducibility, but the use performance of magnesium is often affected by the content of impurities. Iron and nickel in magnesium, for example, can increase the corrosion rate of magnesium alloys; in addition, when magnesium is used as a reducing agent, the impurities are also introduced into the product, so that the quality of the product is reduced. Therefore, in order to improve the usability of magnesium, the market demand for high purity magnesium is urgent.
By analyzing the physical properties of magnesium and impurities (iron, manganese, silicon, aluminum, etc.) in magnesium, it is known that the saturated vapor pressure of magnesium is significantly higher than that of these impurities, and thus separating magnesium from impurities by distillation of magnesium is an important means for the production of high purity magnesium.
As the evaporation rate formula of the metal shows, the lower the vacuum degree and the higher the temperature, the faster the evaporation rate of the metal. In order to improve the production efficiency, the evaporation process of magnesium is generally performed under high temperature and vacuum environment. In view of the production costs, the effective heating time must be reasonably controlled according to the evaporation process of magnesium. The current industry judgment on the magnesium evaporation process is generally based on experience, and the evaporation time of magnesium ingots is often not accurately estimated due to the influence of a temperature control device of a furnace and the geometric structure in the furnace, so that the heating time needs to have enough margin to cover the whole evaporation process, and the excessive heating time seriously causes low production efficiency and waste of energy, so that the industry needs a device capable of timely detecting whether the magnesium metal is evaporated.
At present, in a high-temperature vacuum environment, particularly in a reducing atmosphere of magnesium vapor, besides ensuring the purity of the magnesium vapor, how to judge the beginning and the end of the evaporation process is always a difficult problem. Because high temperatures and vacuum conditions often result in conventional flowmeters not operating effectively, and magnesium vapor as a strong reducing atmosphere can also cause damage to the flowmeter structure.
Disclosure of Invention
In order to solve the problems in the prior art, the invention provides a device for detecting magnesium metal evaporation. The device can monitor the temperature change in the reaction chamber in real time, and accurately judge whether the magnesium metal is completely evaporated based on the temperature change, so that the damage to the traditional flowmeter is avoided.
The invention provides a device for detecting magnesium metal evaporation, which is characterized by comprising a reaction bin, a hollow connecting pipe, a sealing assembly and a temperature monitoring device; a reaction chamber is arranged in the reaction chamber, the wall of the reaction chamber is communicated with the reaction chamber and provided with perforations, reactant elemental silicon is arranged in the reaction chamber, and the reaction chamber is connected with one side of the hollow connecting pipe in a conducting way; the other side of the hollow connecting pipe is connected with the sealing component; the temperature monitoring end of the temperature monitoring device sequentially penetrates through the sealing assembly and the hollow connecting pipe and is inserted into the reaction chamber and used for monitoring the internal temperature of the reaction chamber during reaction.
The device is used for detecting whether the crude magnesium is completely evaporated during the evaporation and purification of the magnesium, and the detection principle is as follows:
The magnesium vapor and the silicon particles can react under certain conditions, and Mg 2 Si is formed on the surfaces of the silicon particles, and the reaction formula is as follows: mg (g) +si(s) =mg 2 Si(s), and the reaction is exothermic; in addition, mg 2 Si can undergo endothermic decomposition reaction at a certain temperature, and is decomposed into magnesium vapor and silicon, and the reaction formula is: mg 2 Si(s) =mg (g) +si(s), the reaction being endothermic.
The device for detecting the evaporation of magnesium metal needs to be matched with a device capable of providing a gaseous magnesium source. The description will now be made of a metal melter-gasifier as a means for providing a gaseous "magnesium source":
Firstly, the device is embedded and inserted into the top position of the gas outlet hole of the metal melting gasification furnace, and when coarse magnesium is in the initial stage of evaporation in the metal melting gasification furnace, a large amount of magnesium vapor rises and sequentially passes through the top position of the gas outlet hole and the perforation of the bin wall and enters the reaction chamber.
Secondly, magnesium vapor reacts with simple substance silicon particles in a reaction chamber to generate Mg 2 Si, and after the coarse magnesium is evaporated, because no magnesium vapor enters the reaction chamber, the concentration of the magnesium vapor in the reaction chamber is greatly reduced, so that Mg 2 Si is reversely decomposed and re-decomposed into magnesium vapor and simple substance silicon, the reaction is endothermic, the temperature in the reaction chamber is reduced, the temperature change is collected and fed back by a temperature monitoring device in the reaction chamber, and the inflection point of the temperature reduction can judge that the coarse magnesium is evaporated.
The inventor repeatedly tests that the reaction time is zero when magnesium vapor enters the reaction chamber, the temperature and time relation of the reaction chamber (shown in figure 5) is monitored and recorded in real time through the temperature monitoring device, and the temperature inflection point is analyzed by the map, so that the temperature inflection point is used for judging that the crude magnesium is evaporated. The 3 curves of fig. 5 represent the results of 3 experiments, respectively.
Further, the bin wall comprises an outer wall layer and an inner wall layer; the outer wall layer comprises an outer layer pore plate and an outer layer pore plate bottom plate; the inner wall layer comprises an inner layer screen plate and an inner layer screen plate bottom plate.
Further, the mesh aperture of the inner layer mesh plate and the mesh aperture of the inner layer mesh plate bottom plate are 100-120 meshes.
Further, the bin wall is made of metallic titanium.
Further, the hollow connecting pipe is provided with an outer limiting ring; the sealing assembly comprises an outer sealing flange and an outer sealing assembly; the outer sealing flange is arranged at the end part of the hollow connecting pipe, and the outer sealing assembly is embedded and pressed between the outer limiting ring and the outer sealing flange.
Further, the outer sealing assembly comprises an outer sealing filler and an outer pressing mechanism, wherein the outer pressing mechanism is connected with the hollow connecting pipe in a penetrating mode and is embedded and pressed between the outer sealing filler and the outer sealing flange.
Further, the outer pressing mechanism is radially provided with an opening groove, and can be installed on the hollow connecting pipe in a clamping mode through the opening groove. In addition, the internal compression mechanism and the external compression mechanism are consistent in structural shape, and the size of the internal compression mechanism and the external compression mechanism can be scaled according to the requirement.
Further, the outer seal packing is made of graphite. Likewise, the inner seal filler is also made of graphite.
Further, the temperature monitoring device is provided with an inner limiting ring; the seal assembly further comprises an inner seal flange and an inner seal assembly; the inner sealing assembly is embedded and pressed between the inner limiting ring and the inner sealing flange.
Further, the inner sealing assembly comprises an inner sealing filler and an inner pressing mechanism, wherein the inner pressing mechanism is connected with the temperature monitoring device in a penetrating mode and is embedded and pressed between the inner sealing filler and the inner sealing flange.
The beneficial effects of the invention are as follows:
The device provided by the invention can monitor the temperature in the reaction chamber in real time, and acquire a signal of complete evaporation of magnesium metal through temperature difference generated by positive reaction (exothermic) and reverse reaction (endothermic) of magnesium vapor and elemental silicon, so as to accurately judge whether the magnesium metal is completely evaporated. The practical problems of low production efficiency and energy waste caused by excessive heating time in production are avoided.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the drawings that are required in the embodiments or the description of the prior art will be briefly described, it being obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the invention, and that other drawings may be obtained according to these drawings without inventive effort for a person skilled in the art.
Fig. 1 is a schematic structural diagram of an apparatus for detecting magnesium metal evaporation according to the present invention.
FIG. 2 is a schematic cross-sectional view of an apparatus for detecting magnesium metal evaporation according to the present invention.
Fig. 3 is an exploded view of the apparatus for detecting vaporization of magnesium according to the present invention.
Fig. 4 is a schematic structural view of the external compressing mechanism according to the present invention.
Fig. 5 is a graph showing the temperature change of magnesium vapor and elemental silicon as they react within the reaction chamber.
The reference numerals in the drawings are:
1-a reaction bin; 11-a reaction chamber; 12-bin walls; 121-an outer orifice plate; 122-an outer orifice plate base plate; 123-inner layer mesh plate; 124-inner layer mesh plate bottom plate; 2-a hollow connecting pipe; 21-an outer limit ring; 3-a seal assembly; 31-an outer sealing flange; 32-an outer sealing filler; 33-an external compression mechanism; 34-an inner sealing flange; 35-inner sealing filler; 36-internal compression mechanism; 4-a temperature monitoring device; 41-inner stop collar.
Detailed Description
In order to make the objects, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more apparent, the technical solutions of the present invention will be described in detail below. It will be apparent that the described embodiments are only some, but not all, embodiments of the invention. All other embodiments, based on the examples herein, which are within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims, will be within the scope of the invention as defined by the claims.
Referring to fig. 1 and 2, the device for detecting magnesium metal evaporation is characterized by comprising a reaction chamber 1, a hollow connecting pipe 2, a sealing assembly 3 and a temperature monitoring device 4, wherein: a reaction chamber 11 is arranged in the reaction chamber 1, a chamber wall 12 of the reaction chamber 1 is communicated with the reaction chamber 11 and provided with a perforation, reactant elemental silicon is arranged in the reaction chamber 11, the reaction chamber 1 is connected with one side of the hollow connecting pipe 2 in a conducting way, and the other side of the hollow connecting pipe 2 is connected with the sealing component 3; the temperature monitoring end of the temperature monitoring device 4 sequentially penetrates through the sealing assembly 3 and the hollow connecting pipe 2 and is inserted into the reaction chamber 11, so as to monitor the internal temperature of the reaction chamber 11 during the reaction.
As an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 2 and 3, the cartridge wall 12 comprises an outer wall layer and an inner wall layer; the outer wall layer comprises an outer pore plate 121 and an outer pore plate bottom plate 122; the inner wall layer includes an inner screen 123 and an inner screen floor 124.
As an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the mesh sizes of the inner mesh plate 123 and the inner mesh plate base plate 124 are 100 to 120 mesh. The mesh diameter is set to be 100-120 meshes, so that the leakage of the reactant elemental silicon and the product magnesium silicide from the inside of the reaction chamber 11 can be prevented.
As an alternative embodiment, the cartridge wall 12 is made of metallic titanium. The metallic titanium can ensure the reliability under high temperature reaction.
As an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the hollow connection tube 2 is provided with an outer stop collar 21; the seal assembly 3 comprises an outer seal flange 31 and an outer seal assembly; the outer sealing flange 31 is arranged at the end part of the hollow connecting pipe 2, and the outer sealing component is embedded and pressed between the outer limiting ring 21 and the outer sealing flange 31. As described above, when the apparatus for detecting vaporization of magnesium metal is installed and placed inside the apparatus for providing a gaseous "magnesium source", the outer sealing flange 31 and the outer sealing assembly can sufficiently fill the gap created by the installation, prevent the magnesium vapor from overflowing, and generate crystallization at other parts of the apparatus.
As an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the external sealing assembly includes an external sealing filler 32 and an external compression mechanism 33, and the external compression mechanism 33 is penetratingly connected to the hollow connecting pipe 2 and is embedded and compressed between the external sealing filler 32 and the external sealing flange 31. The outer compressing mechanism 33 compresses the packing, and after the packing is wound, the packing is further compressed by using the mechanism, and the inner compressing mechanism 36 and the outer compressing mechanism have the same function.
As an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 4, the outer pressing mechanism 33 is radially provided with an open slot, and may be clampingly mounted to the hollow connection pipe 2 through the open slot.
As an alternative embodiment, the outer packing 32 is made of graphite. The sealing filler is made of graphite packing, has less volatilized impurities and can bear high temperature.
As an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the temperature monitoring device 4 is provided with an inner limit ring 41; the seal assembly 3 further comprises an inner seal flange 34 and an inner seal assembly; the inner seal assembly is embedded and pressed between the inner limit ring 41 and the inner seal flange 34.
As an alternative embodiment, referring to fig. 3, the inner sealing assembly includes an inner sealing filler 35 and an inner pressing mechanism 36, where the inner pressing mechanism 36 is penetratingly connected to the temperature monitoring device 4, and is embedded and pressed between the inner sealing filler 35 and the inner sealing flange 34.
The foregoing is merely illustrative of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited thereto, and any person skilled in the art will readily recognize that variations or substitutions are within the scope of the present invention. Therefore, the protection scope of the present invention shall be subject to the protection scope of the claims.