Disclosure of Invention
The invention provides a novel proportional reversing valve, aiming at the problems of hysteresis with small opening degree and slow dynamic response time in large opening degree of the existing reversing valve.
A novel proportional reversing valve comprises a first stepping motor (1), a ball screw nut (2), a left displacement sensor (3), a variable stiffness spring (4), a valve core (5), a valve body (6), a valve sleeve (7), a gear pair (8), a third stepping motor (9), a right displacement sensor (10) and a second stepping motor (11); the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11) are rigidly connected with the valve body through a connecting piece, and the rotating axes of the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11) are superposed with the axis of the valve core (5); an output shaft of the third stepping motor (9) is arranged at the position of a driving gear of the gear pair; the two ends of the valve core (5) are cut with transmission threads, the length of the threads is 3 times of the working stroke of the valve core, and the transmission threads of the valve core (5) and the ball screw nut (2) form a thread pair; the left displacement sensor (3) and the right displacement sensor (10) are both arranged at the ends extending out of the valve core (5) to detect the displacement of the valve core; the valve sleeve (7) is arranged in the valve body (6) and has a single degree of freedom rotating around the axis after being arranged; the valve sleeve (7) is rigidly connected with a driven gear in the gear pair, and the output shaft of the third stepping motor (9) and the valve sleeve (7) are two rotating parts connected with the gear pair respectively; and the variable stiffness spring (4) is arranged in the pilot pressure oil cavity and is in direct contact with the valve body.
The angular displacement output by the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11) is in direct proportion to the input pulse number, after the stepping motors finish the specified angular displacement, a static locking state is kept, the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11) can output holding torque, namely the valve core is kept static at the moment, the stepping motors finish open-loop control, and meanwhile, the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11) obtain electric signals which are always the same in pulse number and different in direction level.
When the valve core (5) of the novel proportional reversing valve is subjected to self-zero unidirectional displacement less than 6mm, the valve core is driven by a stepping motor to generate displacement.
When the pilot pressure oil enters a pilot pressure oil cavity of the novel proportional reversing valve to push a valve core to move, the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11) output angular displacement at the same time.
The lead angle of the cut thread of the valve core (5) is larger than the friction angle, and the ball screw and the screw nut in the screw pair can be used as driving parts. When the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11) output angular displacement, the ball screw nut (2) is a driving part, and the valve core (5) moves linearly and in a driven manner. When the valve core is subjected to micro-motion displacement of less than 0.5mm under the action of pilot pressure oil, the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11) are in an open circuit state, the valve core (5) is in driving linear motion, and the ball screw nut (2) is in driven rotary motion.
The valve sleeve (7) is provided with a throttling window, and when the third stepping motor (9) drives the gear pair (8) to rotate, the size of the area of the through-flow window on the valve sleeve (7) can be changed.
When no control pulse signal exists and the pilot pressure is zero, the valve core (5) is positioned at the middle position, and the working port A, the working port B, the oil inlet P and the oil return port T are all in a closed state; when the actuator needs small flow and accurately controls the displacement of the valve core, the position of the valve core (5) is controlled to be an open-loop control system at the moment, the control unit outputs pulse signals to the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11), and the accurate angular displacement of the stepping motor can be converted into accurate axial movement of the valve core (5) to complete open-loop control; when the executing element needs large flow, the control unit outputs an electric signal to control pilot pressure oil to enter one side of the reversing valve to push the valve core (5) to move, meanwhile, the control unit (15) can also output pulse signals to the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11), the moving speed of the valve core (5) is improved, the valve core (5) reaches a preset position, the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (2) are converted into torque control, the left displacement sensor (3) and the right displacement sensor (10) can detect the displacement of the valve core, the pilot pressure oil controlled by the control unit (15) and the novel proportional reversing valve middle displacement sensor form an electro-hydraulic closed-loop control system, and the displacement of the valve core is controlled by controlling the pilot pressure.
The novel proportional reversing valve has a pilot pressure control mode and a stepping motor control mode.
In order to meet the control requirements of the actuating element under different working conditions, the invention adopts a mode of directly driving the stepping motor to control the displacement of the valve core under the condition of small flow, eliminates the influence of steady-state hydrodynamic force and system hysteresis on the position control accuracy of the valve core, utilizes the characteristic of keeping torque by electrifying the stepping motor, keeps the lead screw nut static by utilizing the characteristic when the valve core reaches specified displacement, ensures that the screw pair between the lead screw nut and the valve core does not rotate, ensures the position of the valve core to be static, and can balance spring force, damping force, friction force, steady-state hydrodynamic force and the like under small opening degree by utilizing the static torque. When the actuator needs a large flow, the large-displacement hydraulic actuator is characterized in that the valve core has a large displacement, and the large compression amount of the spring generates a large spring force, and meanwhile, the value of the hydraulic force is also increased due to the change of the flow. The stepper motor holding torque is relatively limited and may fail in the above-described situation. Therefore, a pilot oil-liquid driven valve is needed to drive the valve core, the control unit (15) outputs certain electric signals to the first stepping motor (1), the second stepping motor (11) and the three-way proportional pressure reducing valve, the valve core can rapidly open the valve port under the driving of pressure oil and the two stepping motors, and the closed-loop control of the novel proportional reversing valve under the condition of large opening degree is completed. When the flow of the actuator needs to be further increased, the flow area in the flow passage can be increased by rotating the valve sleeve (7), and the actuator needs the maximum flow.
The invention adds mechanical elements to the structure of the prior conventional valve body to directly drive the valve core, simultaneously utilizes a displacement sensor to detect the displacement of the valve core when the valve core is in large opening degree, utilizes a stepping motor to reduce the influence of hysteresis on the valve core under small opening degree, utilizes pilot pressure oil and the stepping motor to improve the overall dynamic response of the novel proportional reversing valve, and reduces the response time of the displacement movement of the valve core under large opening degree.
The invention adopts the mechanical open-loop control and pilot oil closed-loop control to control the displacement of the valve core, can realize accurate control of the displacement of the valve core under different working condition openings of the reversing valve, and realizes the control requirement of the reversing valve on continuous proportion to the displacement of the valve core.
Compared with the prior proportional reversing valve, the proportional reversing valve has the following advantages:
(1) the stepping motors arranged on two sides can realize open-loop control under small opening degree, and influence of hysteresis on motion control of the valve core is reduced.
(2) The rotatable valve sleeve (7) can improve the maximum flow value of the novel proportional directional valve.
(3) When the valve core is in a large opening degree, the valve core displacement control is still an electro-hydraulic closed-loop control system, and the speed of the valve core movement can be increased when the installed stepping motor moves, so that the specified displacement can be quickly reached, and the response time is reduced.
Drawings
Fig. 1 is a detailed structural view of the present invention.
Fig. 2 is a structural diagram of the valve sleeve (7) driven by the gear pair (8) of the present invention. When the gear pair (9) rotates, the flow area between the valve core (6) and the oil inlet P of the valve body can be increased or reduced.
Fig. 3 is a block diagram of the present invention installed in a hydraulic system.
In the figure, 1-a first stepping motor, 2-a ball screw nut, 3-a left position displacement sensor, 4-a variable stiffness spring, 5-a valve core, 6-a valve body, 7-a valve sleeve, 8-a gear pair, 9-a third stepping motor, 10-a right position displacement sensor, 11-a third stepping motor, a P-oil inlet, an A-working port 1, a B-working port 2, a T-oil return port, 12-a right position three-way proportional reversing, 13-a novel proportional reversing valve, 14-a left position three-way proportional reducing valve and 15-a control unit.
Detailed Description
The invention relates to a novel proportional reversing valve, which is characterized in that a first stepping motor (1) and a stepping motor (11) are added to directly drive a valve core in the axial direction of the valve core on the basis of the existing proportional reversing valve. And a rotatable valve sleeve (7) is designed, a third stepping motor (9) can control the valve sleeve (7) to rotate, wherein the cross section of a flow channel at a pressure oil P opening of the valve sleeve (7) and the valve body is variable, the rotation angle of the valve sleeve (7) is changed, and the flow area of the flow channel can be controlled.
And increasing variable stiffness springs (4) are arranged at two ends of the valve core, the springs (4) are helical cylindrical springs with unequal pitches, and the stiffness of the springs is increased along with the increase of the compression amount.
As shown in figure 1, the novel proportional reversing valve adopting mechanical open-loop control and pilot oil closed-loop control comprises a first stepping motor (1), a ball screw nut (2), a left displacement sensor (3), a variable stiffness spring (4), a valve core (5), a valve body (6), a valve sleeve (7), a gear pair (8), a third stepping motor (9), a right displacement sensor (10) and a second stepping motor (11).
The valve core is required to move leftwards, and the pressure oil inlet P is communicated with the left working port A.
When the actuator requires low speed and small flow and accurate position control, the control unit (15) sends specified electric signals to the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11), the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11) start to make angular displacement with opposite rotation directions, and the angular displacement is converted into linear displacement of the valve core (5) through a screw pair consisting of a ball screw and a screw nut. When the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11) reach specified angular displacement, the control unit (15) has no pulse signal, the windings of the motor phases of the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11) are electrified with rated current and are in a static locking state, the stepping motors are static in order to keep torque, the valve core can keep the position unchanged at the moment, open-loop control is completed, and because the steady-state hydrodynamic force under small opening degree and the spring force of the variable stiffness spring (3) are small values, the moment can be balanced with the forces, and the valve core keeps steady state and reaches a stable working state.
When the working condition is high speed and large flow, and the valve port is opened greatly, the control unit (15) outputs an electric signal to the right three-way proportional pressure reducing valve to increase the pressure of the pilot pressure oil entering the right pilot oil cavity. According to the electric signal of the control unit (15) to the three-way proportional pressure reducing valve, the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11) can obtain an electric pulse with a similar position, and at the moment, the valve core (5) starts to generate displacement under the combined action of the pressure oil and the two stepping motors. When the valve core reaches the designated position and still needs to be subjected to micro-motion displacement adjustment, the first stepping motor (1) and the second stepping motor (11) are in an open circuit state, the left displacement sensor (4) detects the displacement of the valve core, the pilot pressure is changed, and the novel proportional reversing valve control mode is electro-hydraulic closed-loop control at the moment.
When the execution element needs to further improve the flow passing through the novel proportional reversing valve, the control unit (15) inputs pulses to the third stepping motor (9) to drive the valve sleeve (7) to rotate, the flow area of the valve core (5) and the oil inlet P is increased, and the working mechanism needs the novel proportional reversing valve to provide the maximum flow.
When the novel proportional reversing valve is required to return to the middle position, each stepping motor has no pulse signal, no pilot oil enters the valve body, and the valve core (5) returns to the middle position under the action of the variable stiffness spring (3).