CN113806380B - Intersection dynamic image resource updating and sharing system and method - Google Patents
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Abstract
本发明提供了一种路口动态图像资源更新共享系统及方法,其接收车上检测装置输出的检测信息,检测信息包含车辆的绝对定位坐标、车辆的本车航向、车辆的本车速度、物件与车辆的相对速度及物件与车辆的原始相对坐标;分别将车辆的绝对定位坐标及物件与车辆的原始相对坐标加上预估坐标位移量进行匹配;根据本车航向与大地坐标系统的参考方位将匹配的相对坐标进行坐标旋转转换以形成匹配转换坐标;将车辆的绝对定位坐标与物件的匹配转换坐标合并至路口区域图像资源以成为路口动态图像资源;对外分享该路口动态图像资源,达成路口动态图像资源更新共享的目的。
The invention provides an intersection dynamic image resource update and sharing system and method, which receives detection information output from a detection device on the vehicle. The detection information includes the absolute positioning coordinates of the vehicle, the vehicle's own heading, the vehicle's own speed, objects and The relative speed of the vehicle and the original relative coordinates of the object and the vehicle; match the absolute positioning coordinates of the vehicle and the original relative coordinates of the object and the vehicle plus the estimated coordinate displacement; match the vehicle's heading and the reference orientation of the geodetic coordinate system. The matched relative coordinates are rotated and transformed to form matching transformation coordinates; the absolute positioning coordinates of the vehicle and the matching transformation coordinates of the object are merged into intersection area image resources to become intersection dynamic image resources; the intersection dynamic image resources are shared externally to achieve intersection dynamics The purpose of image resource update sharing.
Description
技术领域Technical field
本发明是有关一种图像资源更新共享系统及方法,特别是指路口动态图像资源更新共享系统及方法。The invention relates to an image resource updating and sharing system and method, in particular to an intersection dynamic image resource updating and sharing system and method.
背景技术Background technique
随着智能运输系统(Intelligent Transport System,ITS)的发展,自动驾驶车辆(自驾车)将成为未来主流的交通方式之一,自驾车能行驶于道路,主要是依据电脑实施导航决策;其中,自驾车可设有例如摄影机、光学雷达(LiDAR)、全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)与惯性导航系统(INS)…等检测单元,用以定位自驾车的位置与检测自驾车周遭物件,所述物件例如其他车辆或行人,自驾车可根据检测单元的检测数据进行导航决策。With the development of Intelligent Transport System (ITS), self-driving vehicles (self-driving cars) will become one of the mainstream modes of transportation in the future. Self-driving cars can drive on the road mainly based on computer implementation of navigation decisions; among them, self-driving cars Driving cars can be equipped with detection units such as cameras, optical radar (LiDAR), global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), and inertial navigation systems (INS)... to locate the position of the self-driving car and detect objects around the self-driving car, such as Other vehicles or pedestrians, self-driving cars can make navigation decisions based on the detection data of the detection unit.
有别于实验室或测试场地那样受控的道路环境,实际道路有各式车辆与行人,甚至有违规的车辆与行人,例如超速、闯红灯等,尤其在路口处(例如叉路或十字路口),车辆与行人从不同方向穿越路口。由此可见,对于自驾车来说,顺利通过路口是一重要课题。Different from the controlled road environment like a laboratory or test site, the actual road has various vehicles and pedestrians, and even vehicles and pedestrians violating regulations, such as speeding, running red lights, etc., especially at intersections (such as forks or intersections) , vehicles and pedestrians cross the intersection from different directions. It can be seen that for self-driving cars, successfully passing intersections is an important issue.
然而,现有自驾车的检测范围有限,其检测范围仅限于自驾车本身的周遭区域,路口车辆与行人却来自四面八方,故有些路口路况(尤其是离自驾车较远的路况)是自驾车检测不到的,导致现有自驾车通过路口时,无法有效全面掌握路口信息,从而无法执行更全面性的导航决策。However, the detection range of existing self-driving cars is limited. The detection range is limited to the area surrounding the self-driving cars. Vehicles and pedestrians at intersections come from all directions, so some road conditions at intersections (especially those far away from self-driving cars) are difficult to detect by self-driving cars. Otherwise, existing self-driving cars cannot effectively and comprehensively grasp the intersection information when passing through intersections, and thus cannot make more comprehensive navigation decisions.
发明内容Contents of the invention
有鉴于此,本发明的主要目的是提供一种路口动态图像资源更新共享系统及方法,以期克服背景技术所述自驾车的检测范围有限的缺点。In view of this, the main purpose of the present invention is to provide a system and method for updating and sharing dynamic image resources at intersections, in order to overcome the shortcomings of the limited detection range of self-driving cars in the background art.
本发明路口动态图像资源更新共享系统包含:The intersection dynamic image resource update and sharing system of the present invention includes:
一车上检测装置,设置在一车辆,供检测该车辆的周遭物件并周期地输出一检测信息,该检测信息包含该车辆的一绝对定位坐标、一本车航向、一本车速度、至少一物件与该车辆的一相对速度以及该至少一物件与该车辆的一原始相对坐标;以及An on-board detection device is provided on a vehicle for detecting objects around the vehicle and periodically outputting detection information. The detection information includes an absolute positioning coordinate of the vehicle, a vehicle heading, a vehicle speed, and at least one vehicle speed. a relative velocity of the object and the vehicle and an original relative coordinate of the at least one object and the vehicle; and
一运算装置,储存一路口区域图像资源,该路口区域图像资源建立在一大地坐标系统,该大地坐标系统包含一参考方位;A computing device that stores an intersection area image resource. The intersection area image resource is established in a geodetic coordinate system, and the geodetic coordinate system includes a reference orientation;
其中,当该运算装置从该车上检测装置接收该检测信息,该运算装置将该车辆的该绝对定位坐标加上一本车预估坐标位移量而得到一匹配绝对坐标,以及将该至少一物件与该车辆的该原始相对坐标加上一物件预估坐标位移量而得到一匹配相对坐标,其中,该本车预估坐标位移量是根据该本车速度与一时间差计算而得,该物件预估坐标位移量是根据该相对速度与该时间差计算而得;该运算装置根据该本车航向与该参考方位将该匹配相对坐标进行坐标旋转转换以形成一匹配转换坐标,再将该匹配绝对坐标与该匹配转换坐标合并至该路口区域图像资源以成为一路口动态图像资源,并对外分享该路口动态图像资源。Wherein, when the computing device receives the detection information from the on-board detection device, the computing device adds the absolute positioning coordinates of the vehicle to an estimated coordinate displacement of the vehicle to obtain a matching absolute coordinate, and adds the at least one The original relative coordinates of the object and the vehicle are added to an estimated coordinate displacement of the object to obtain a matching relative coordinate, wherein the estimated coordinate displacement of the vehicle is calculated based on the speed of the vehicle and a time difference. The object The estimated coordinate displacement is calculated based on the relative speed and the time difference; the computing device performs coordinate rotation and transformation on the matching relative coordinates based on the vehicle heading and the reference orientation to form a matching transformation coordinate, and then the matching absolute The coordinates and the matching conversion coordinates are merged into the intersection area image resource to become an intersection dynamic image resource, and the intersection dynamic image resource is shared externally.
本发明路口动态图像资源更新共享方法于一运算装置执行,该方法包含:The intersection dynamic image resource update and sharing method of the present invention is executed on a computing device. The method includes:
接收至少一车上检测装置输出的一检测信息,该检测信息包含一车辆的一绝对定位坐标、该车辆的一本车航向、一本车速度、至少一物件与该车辆的一相对速度以及该至少一物件与该车辆的一原始相对坐标;Receive detection information output from at least one on-board detection device. The detection information includes an absolute positioning coordinate of a vehicle, a vehicle heading of the vehicle, a vehicle speed, a relative speed of at least one object and the vehicle, and the vehicle speed. An original relative coordinate of at least one object and the vehicle;
将该车辆的该绝对定位坐标加上一本车预估坐标位移量而得到一匹配绝对坐标,以及将该至少一物件与该车辆的该原始相对坐标加上一物件预估坐标位移量而得到一匹配相对坐标,其中,该本车预估坐标位移量是根据该本车速度与一时间差计算而得,该物件预估坐标位移量是根据该相对速度与该时间差计算而得;A matching absolute coordinate is obtained by adding the absolute positioning coordinates of the vehicle to an estimated coordinate displacement of the vehicle, and adding an estimated coordinate displacement of the object to the original relative coordinates of the at least one object and the vehicle. A matching relative coordinate, wherein the estimated coordinate displacement of the own vehicle is calculated based on the speed of the own vehicle and a time difference, and the estimated coordinate displacement of the object is calculated based on the relative speed and the time difference;
根据该车辆的该本车航向与一大地坐标系统的一参考方位将该匹配相对坐标进行坐标旋转转换以形成一匹配转换坐标;Coordinate rotation transformation is performed on the matching relative coordinates according to the own vehicle heading of the vehicle and a reference orientation of the earth coordinate system to form a matching transformation coordinate;
将该匹配绝对坐标与该匹配转换坐标合并至一路口区域图像资源以成为一路口动态图像资源;以及Merge the matching absolute coordinates and the matching transformation coordinates into an intersection area image resource to become an intersection dynamic image resource; and
对外分享该路口动态图像资源。Share the dynamic image resources of this intersection with the outside world.
综上所述,本发明分享的路口动态图像资源可呈现通过路口的物件位置,举例来说,当十辆配备有本发明车上检测装置的自驾车从四面八方通过路口,这十辆自驾车将本身的检测信息提供给该运算装置,供该运算装置产生并分享该路口动态图像资源。如此一来,通过路口的自驾车可接收该路口动态图像资源,即可从该路口动态图像资源获得其车上检测装置的检测范围以外的路况信息(即其他自驾车产生的检测信息),尤其该路口动态图像资源的物件位置是预估的,其比较接近路口动态图像资源广播当下的实际路况,而非较早路况,自驾车即可根据该路口动态图像资源进行全面性的导航决策,确保行车安全,故克服背景技术所述问题。To sum up, the intersection dynamic image resources shared by the present invention can present the positions of objects passing through the intersection. For example, when ten self-driving cars equipped with the on-board detection device of the present invention pass through the intersection from all directions, these ten self-driving cars will The own detection information is provided to the computing device for the computing device to generate and share the dynamic image resources of the intersection. In this way, a self-driving car passing through an intersection can receive dynamic image resources of the intersection, and can obtain road condition information beyond the detection range of its on-board detection device (that is, detection information generated by other self-driving cars) from the dynamic image resources of the intersection, especially The object position of the intersection dynamic image resource is estimated. It is closer to the actual road conditions broadcast by the intersection dynamic image resource rather than the earlier road conditions. Self-driving cars can make comprehensive navigation decisions based on the intersection dynamic image resource to ensure Driving safety, thus overcoming the problems mentioned in the background art.
附图说明Description of the drawings
图1:本发明路口动态图像资源更新共享系统的方块示意图。Figure 1: Block diagram of the intersection dynamic image resource update and sharing system of the present invention.
图2:本发明路口动态图像资源更新共享系统的使用情境示意图。Figure 2: Schematic diagram of the usage scenario of the intersection dynamic image resource update and sharing system of the present invention.
图3:本发明的运算装置根据检测信息产生路口动态图像资源的示意图。Figure 3: A schematic diagram of the computing device of the present invention generating intersection dynamic image resources based on detection information.
图4:本发明的检测信息的方块示意图。Figure 4: Block diagram of detection information of the present invention.
图5:本发明广播路口动态图像资源的时间示意图。Figure 5: Time diagram of broadcasting intersection dynamic image resources according to the present invention.
图6:本发明实施例中,多个车上检测装置分别产生检测信息的示意图。Figure 6: In an embodiment of the present invention, a schematic diagram of multiple on-board detection devices generating detection information respectively.
图7:本发明进行坐标旋转转换的示意图。Figure 7: Schematic diagram of coordinate rotation conversion according to the present invention.
图8:本发明的路口动态图像资源的示意图。Figure 8: Schematic diagram of intersection dynamic image resources of the present invention.
图9:本发明路口动态图像资源更新共享方法的流程示意图。Figure 9: Flowchart of the method for updating and sharing dynamic image resources at intersections according to the present invention.
具体实施方式Detailed ways
请配合参考图1,本发明路口动态图像资源更新共享系统的实施例包含至少一车上检测装置10与至少一运算装置11,或进一步包含至少一物件检测装置12,该车上检测装置10供设置于一车辆,该物件检测装置12供架设于一路口。整体来看,本发明是藉由该车上检测装置10或进一步结合该物件检测装置12去检测该车辆周遭或位在该路口的该物件位置,并周期性地将其检测结果传送到该运算装置11,其中,该物件为被检测到的物体,例如可为各式车辆、行人或其它物体(例如散落物)。该运算装置11将接收到的检测结果进行匹配(match)并合并(merge)于一路口区域图像资源以形成一路口动态图像资源;该运算装置11可周期性广播该路口区域图像资源,以分享该路口动态图像资源至一接收装置13,该接收装置13例如自驾车、车上影音导航装置或使用者电子装置(如智能手机)…等,供该接收装置13接收该路口动态图并加以运用。本发明进一步的技术细节说明如后。Please refer to FIG. 1 . An embodiment of the intersection dynamic image resource update and sharing system of the present invention includes at least one on-board detection device 10 and at least one computing device 11 , or further includes at least one object detection device 12 . The on-board detection device 10 provides Installed on a vehicle, the object detection device 12 is installed at an intersection. Overall, the present invention uses the on-board detection device 10 or is further combined with the object detection device 12 to detect the position of the object around the vehicle or at the intersection, and periodically transmits the detection results to the calculation Device 11, wherein the object is a detected object, such as various vehicles, pedestrians or other objects (such as scattered objects). The computing device 11 matches and merges the received detection results into intersection area image resources to form an intersection dynamic image resource; the computing device 11 can periodically broadcast the intersection area image resources for sharing The dynamic image resources of the intersection are sent to a receiving device 13, such as a self-driving car, an on-board audio and video navigation device, or a user electronic device (such as a smartphone), etc., for the receiving device 13 to receive the dynamic image of the intersection and use it. . Further technical details of the present invention are described below.
在本发明的实施例中,请参考图2与图3,各该车上检测装置10可安装在行驶在道路的一车辆20,该车辆20可例如为自动驾驶车辆(自驾车)或非自驾车,该车上检测装置10可包含例如摄影机、光学雷达(LiDAR)、全球导航卫星系统(GNSS)、惯性导航系统(INS)以及用以传输资料的无线通信模组,其定位功能、感知功能与资料传输功能为所属技术领域中的通常知识,在此不详述。是以,该车上检测装置10可周期性地输出一检测信息30,例如可通过(但不限于)专用短程通信技术(DSRC)广播该检测信息30,或通过移动通信技术(例如第五代(5G)或更高阶移动通信技术)输出该检测信息30,请参考图4,该检测信息30包含该车上检测装置10通过定位功能所产生各该车辆20的一绝对定位坐标31,以及包含通过感知功能产生至少一物件与该车辆20的至少一相对速度32、一本车航向33、该至少一物件与该车辆20的至少一相对坐标34与一本车速度35,其中,该本车航向33是指该车辆20的航向。在本发明实施例中,以下说明仅以该车辆20检测到一个物件为例说明,该检测信息30中的该相对坐标34定义为一原始相对坐标。In an embodiment of the present invention, please refer to Figures 2 and 3. Each on-board detection device 10 can be installed on a vehicle 20 running on the road. The vehicle 20 can be, for example, an autonomous vehicle (self-driving vehicle) or a non-autonomous vehicle. Driving a car, the on-board detection device 10 may include, for example, a camera, an optical radar (LiDAR), a global navigation satellite system (GNSS), an inertial navigation system (INS), and a wireless communication module for transmitting data. Its positioning function and sensing function and data transmission functions are common knowledge in the technical field and will not be described in detail here. Therefore, the on-board detection device 10 can periodically output a detection information 30, for example, the detection information 30 can be broadcast through (but not limited to) dedicated short-range communication technology (DSRC), or through mobile communication technology (such as the fifth generation (5G) or higher-end mobile communication technology) outputs the detection information 30. Please refer to Figure 4. The detection information 30 includes an absolute positioning coordinate 31 of each vehicle 20 generated by the on-board detection device 10 through the positioning function, and It includes generating at least one relative speed 32 of at least one object and the vehicle 20, a vehicle heading 33, at least one relative coordinate 34 of the at least one object and the vehicle 20, and a vehicle speed 35 through the sensing function, wherein the object The vehicle heading 33 refers to the heading of the vehicle 20 . In the embodiment of the present invention, the following description only takes the vehicle 20 detecting an object as an example, and the relative coordinate 34 in the detection information 30 is defined as an original relative coordinate.
请配合参考图4,该绝对定位坐标31反映该车辆20在该路口区域图像资源的绝对位置,该相对坐标34反映该物件与该车辆20之间的相对位置。为方便说明,该绝对定位坐标31与该相对坐标34为X-Y平面坐标系统的坐标值,其可与大地坐标(geodeticcoordinates)系统的经度与纬度互相换算。Please refer to FIG. 4 , the absolute positioning coordinates 31 reflect the absolute position of the vehicle 20 in the intersection area image resource, and the relative coordinates 34 reflect the relative position between the object and the vehicle 20 . For convenience of explanation, the absolute positioning coordinates 31 and the relative coordinates 34 are coordinate values of the X-Y plane coordinate system, which can be converted to the longitude and latitude of the geodetic coordinates system.
该运算装置11的一实施例可为设置在路口处的边缘运算(edge computing)装置,其包含无线通信模组与处理器,以供接收广播信息、处理信息以及对外广播信息,举例来说,该运算装置11可通过专用短程通信技术(DSRC)广播信息及接收信息,但不以此为限;故当该车辆20行经路口时,该车辆20的该车上检测装置10可广播其检测信息30,该运算装置11即可接收该检测信息30。此外,该运算装置11的另一实施例可为一云端服务器,该车上检测装置10可通过移动通信技术与该运算装置11建立连线,使该车上检测装置10与该运算装置11可通过移动通信技术进行该检测信息30的传输。An embodiment of the computing device 11 may be an edge computing device installed at an intersection, which includes a wireless communication module and a processor for receiving broadcast information, processing information, and broadcasting information to the outside. For example, The computing device 11 can broadcast information and receive information through dedicated short-range communication technology (DSRC), but is not limited thereto; therefore, when the vehicle 20 passes through an intersection, the on-board detection device 10 of the vehicle 20 can broadcast its detection information. 30, the computing device 11 can receive the detection information 30. In addition, another embodiment of the computing device 11 can be a cloud server. The on-board detection device 10 can establish a connection with the computing device 11 through mobile communication technology, so that the on-board detection device 10 and the computing device 11 can communicate with each other. The detection information 30 is transmitted through mobile communication technology.
请参考图3,该运算装置11储存该路口区域图像资源110,该路口区域图像资源110可为高精度路口平面图,其可包含路口的车道标志信息(例如车道线或斑马线…等),其中,该路口区域图像资源110可建立在一大地坐标系统,该大地坐标系统包含一参考方位。举例来说,该路口区域图像资源110的范围可由该大地坐标系统的经度与纬度值指定划分,该参考方位可包含东方、西方、南方与北方。Please refer to Figure 3. The computing device 11 stores the intersection area image resource 110. The intersection area image resource 110 can be a high-precision intersection plan, which can include lane sign information of the intersection (such as lane lines or zebra crossings... etc.), where, The intersection area image resource 110 can be established on a geodetic coordinate system, and the geodetic coordinate system includes a reference orientation. For example, the range of the intersection area image resource 110 may be specified by longitude and latitude values of the geodetic coordinate system, and the reference orientation may include east, west, south, and north.
以下通过范例说明本发明路口动态图像资源更新共享方法,本发明路口动态图像资源更新共享方法由该运算装置11执行。请参考图2、图3与图9,该运算装置11以边缘运算装置为例,当该车辆20行经路口时,如前所述,该车辆20的该车上检测装置10周期地广播该检测信息30以供该运算装置11接收(步骤S01)。每当该运算装置11接收到该检测信息30,该运算装置11将该检测信息30中的该绝对定位坐标31加上一本车预估坐标位移量(容后说明)而得到一匹配绝对坐标,以及将该原始相对坐标(即:该相对坐标34)加上一物件预估坐标位移量(容后说明)而得到一匹配相对坐标(步骤S02)。因为该匹配相对坐标仅呈现该物件与该车辆20之间的一相对位置的关系,故该运算装置11进一步根据该本车航向33与该参考方位将该匹配相对坐标进行坐标旋转转换,以将该物件与该车辆20之间的该相对位置对应定位在该X-Y平面坐标系统,再将对应该车辆20位置的该匹配绝对坐标与对应该物件位置的旋转转换后的该匹配相对坐标换算为经度与纬度后合并至该路口区域图像资源110,以成为一路口动态图像资源(步骤S03),并对外分享该路口动态图像资源(步骤S04),其分享方式例如可为通过专用短程通信技术(DSRC)的广播方式。The following uses an example to illustrate the intersection dynamic image resource updating and sharing method of the present invention. The intersection dynamic image resource updating and sharing method of the present invention is executed by the computing device 11 . Please refer to Figure 2, Figure 3 and Figure 9. The computing device 11 takes an edge computing device as an example. When the vehicle 20 passes through the intersection, as mentioned above, the on-board detection device 10 of the vehicle 20 periodically broadcasts the detection The information 30 is received by the computing device 11 (step S01). Whenever the computing device 11 receives the detection information 30, the computing device 11 adds a vehicle estimated coordinate displacement (to be described later) to the absolute positioning coordinate 31 in the detection information 30 to obtain a matching absolute coordinate. , and adding an estimated coordinate displacement of the object (to be described later) to the original relative coordinate (ie, the relative coordinate 34) to obtain a matching relative coordinate (step S02). Because the matching relative coordinates only present a relative position relationship between the object and the vehicle 20 , the computing device 11 further performs coordinate rotation conversion on the matching relative coordinates according to the vehicle heading 33 and the reference orientation, so as to The relative position between the object and the vehicle 20 is correspondingly positioned in the X-Y plane coordinate system, and then the matching absolute coordinates of the position of the vehicle 20 and the matching relative coordinates after rotation conversion of the position of the object are converted into longitude. and latitude are then merged into the intersection area image resource 110 to become an intersection dynamic image resource (step S03), and the intersection dynamic image resource is shared externally (step S04). The sharing method may be, for example, through dedicated short-range communication technology (DSRC). ) broadcast method.
在步骤S02,关于该本车预估坐标位移量与该物件预估坐标位移量的产生,请参考图5并配参考图2至图4,当该车辆20位在一第一位置时,该车辆的该车上检测装置10整体而言花费ΔTP的时间进行信息运算以及花费ΔTT的时间进行信息传输,该车上检测装置10于一第一时间点t1广播该检测信息30,该检测信息30是该车上检测装置10对应在该第一位置时的检测结果;该车上检测装置10的广播周期可为TR,该运算装置11的广播周期可为TB;前述中,ΔTP、ΔTT、TR与TB是已知信息,可预设在该运算装置11,举例来说,ΔTP与ΔTT可分别为5毫秒(ms),TR可为125(ms),TB可为200(ms)。In step S02, regarding the generation of the estimated coordinate displacement of the vehicle and the estimated coordinate displacement of the object, please refer to Figure 5 together with Figures 2 to 4. When the vehicle 20 is located at a first position, the Overall, the on-board detection device 10 of the vehicle takes ΔTP time to perform information calculation and ΔT T time to transmit information. The on-board detection device 10 broadcasts the detection information 30 at a first time point t1. The information 30 is the detection result when the on-board detection device 10 corresponds to the first position; the broadcast period of the on-board detection device 10 can be TR , and the broadcast period of the computing device 11 can be TB ; in the above, ΔT P , ΔTT, TR and TB are known information and can be preset in the computing device 11. For example, ΔTP and ΔTT can be 5 milliseconds (ms) respectively, and TR can be 125 (ms). , T B can be 200 (ms).
由此可见,该运算装置11可在一第二时间点t2广播,该车辆20位于该第一位置的时间点与第二时间点t2具有进行信息运算与传输的一时间差ΔT,如依据前述的时间数据,ΔT即为85(ms)。该车辆20本身位置与该物件及该车辆20的该相对位置可能随时间而变,该本车预估坐标位移量与该物件预估坐标位移量即为该检测信息30在该时间差ΔT期间的多个预估变化量。如此一来,该运算装置11在该第二时间点t2所广播的该路口动态图像资源将比较符合该第二时间点t2的实际路况,而非较早路况。It can be seen that the computing device 11 can broadcast at a second time point t2 that there is a time difference ΔT between the time point when the vehicle 20 is located at the first position and the second time point t2 for information calculation and transmission, as described above. Time data, ΔT is 85 (ms). The relative position of the vehicle 20 itself and the object and the vehicle 20 may change over time. The estimated coordinate displacement of the vehicle and the estimated coordinate displacement of the object are the detection information 30 during the time difference ΔT. Multiple estimated changes. In this way, the dynamic image resource of the intersection broadcast by the computing device 11 at the second time point t2 will be more in line with the actual road conditions at the second time point t2 rather than the earlier traffic conditions.
该物件预估坐标位移量可表示如下:The estimated coordinate displacement of the object can be expressed as follows:
上式中,X与Y可分别代表X-Y平面坐标系统的坐标轴;为该物件预估坐标位移量,/>为该物件与该车辆20的该相对速度32,ΔT为该时间差。故该匹配相对坐标可表示如下:In the above formula, X and Y can respectively represent the coordinate axes of the XY plane coordinate system; Estimated coordinate displacement for the object,/> is the relative speed 32 of the object and the vehicle 20, and ΔT is the time difference. Therefore, the matching relative coordinates can be expressed as follows:
上式中,表示该匹配相对坐标,/>表示该原始相对坐标(即:该物件与该车辆20的该相对坐标34)。In the above formula, Indicates the relative coordinates of the match,/> represents the original relative coordinates (ie: the relative coordinates 34 of the object and the vehicle 20).
另一方面,该本车预估坐标位移量可表示如下:On the other hand, the estimated coordinate displacement of the vehicle can be expressed as follows:
上式中,X与Y可分别代表X-Y平面坐标系统的坐标轴,为该本车预估坐标位移量,/>为该车辆20的该本车速度35,ΔT为该时间差。故该匹配绝对坐标可表示如下:In the above formula, X and Y can respectively represent the coordinate axes of the XY plane coordinate system, Estimated coordinate displacement for this vehicle,/> is the own vehicle speed 35 of the vehicle 20, and ΔT is the time difference. Therefore, the matching absolute coordinates can be expressed as follows:
上式中,表示该车辆20的该匹配绝对坐标,/>表示该车辆20的该绝对定位坐标31。In the above formula, Indicates the matching absolute coordinates of the vehicle 20,/> represents the absolute positioning coordinates 31 of the vehicle 20 .
以下进一步配合图式说明本发明的使用情境。请参考图6所示的十字路口并配参考图2至图4,东西向车道上包含四辆自驾车与一台摩托车50,四辆自驾车分别为第一、第二、第四与第五自驾车41、42、44、45;南北向车道上包含第三、第六自驾车43、46与一非自驾车51,每辆自驾车41~46皆配备本发明的该车上检测装置10。The usage scenarios of the present invention are further explained below with reference to the drawings. Please refer to the intersection shown in Figure 6 together with Figures 2 to 4. There are four self-driving cars and one motorcycle 50 on the east-west lane. The four self-driving cars are the first, second, fourth and fourth self-driving cars respectively. Five self-driving cars 41, 42, 44, 45; the north-south lane includes the third and sixth self-driving cars 43, 46 and one non-self-driving car 51. Each self-driving car 41-46 is equipped with the on-board detection device of the present invention. 10.
该第一自驾车41的该车上检测装置10所检测到的物件包含该第二自驾车42,故该第一自驾车41所产生的一第一检测信息410中,该第一自驾车41与该第二自驾车42的原始相对坐标可呈现该第二自驾车42位于该第一自驾车41的左前方,该第一自驾车41的一第一本车航向331为东方。同理,该第二至第六自驾车42~46的该车上检测装置10的该第二至第六检测信息420~460可依此类推。The objects detected by the on-board detection device 10 of the first self-driving car 41 include the second self-driving car 42. Therefore, in the first detection information 410 generated by the first self-driving car 41, the first self-driving car 41 The original relative coordinates with the second self-driving car 42 can show that the second self-driving car 42 is located in front and left of the first self-driving car 41, and a first vehicle heading 331 of the first self-driving car 41 is east. Similarly, the second to sixth detection information 420 to 460 of the on-board detection device 10 of the second to sixth self-driving cars 42 to 46 can be deduced in the same manner.
各该自驾车41~46的该检测信息410~460传送到该运算装置11,该运算装置11进行如前所述的坐标匹配与合并,其中,以该第一自驾车41的该第一检测信息410为例,该第一自驾车41的该第一本车航向331为东方,该匹配相对坐标仅呈现该第二自驾车42位于该第一自驾车41的左前方,为了将相对位置关系的「前方」转变为该大地坐标系统的「东方」,所述相对位置的「前方」与「东方」相差90度,故可通过一旋转矩阵将该第一自驾车41的该匹配相对坐标进行坐标旋转转换,以使相对位置关系的「前方」转变为该大地坐标系统的「东方」。The detection information 410 - 460 of each self-driving car 41 - 46 is sent to the computing device 11 , and the computing device 11 performs coordinate matching and merging as described above, wherein the first detection information of the first self-driving car 41 Taking the information 410 as an example, the first vehicle heading 331 of the first self-driving car 41 is east, and the matching relative coordinates only show that the second self-driving car 42 is located in front and left of the first self-driving car 41. In order to combine the relative position relationship The "front" of is converted into the "east" of the geodetic coordinate system. The "front" of the relative position is 90 degrees different from the "east". Therefore, the matching relative coordinates of the first self-driving car 41 can be carried out through a rotation matrix. The coordinates are rotated and transformed so that the "front" of the relative position relationship is transformed into the "east" of the geodetic coordinate system.
请配合参考图7,XA与YA分别代表X-Y平面坐标系统的坐标轴,YA轴的箭号指向对应该大地坐标系统的北方,XA轴的箭号指向对应该大地坐标系统的东方,XR与YR为表示该物件与该车辆20之间相对位置关系的坐标轴,一般而言,前述坐标旋转转换可表示如下:Please refer to Figure 7. X A and Y A respectively represent the coordinate axes of the XY plane coordinate system. The arrow of the Y A axis points to the north corresponding to the geodetic coordinate system, and the arrow of the X A axis points to the east corresponding to the geodetic coordinate system. , X R and Y R are coordinate axes representing the relative positional relationship between the object and the vehicle 20 . Generally speaking, the aforementioned coordinate rotation transformation can be expressed as follows:
其中,为经过坐标旋转转换后的该匹配相对坐标,后称之为一匹配转换坐标,以反映物件位置;/>为旋转矩阵,θ°为旋转矩阵的旋转角度;上式的为该匹配相对坐标。in, The matching relative coordinates after coordinate rotation and transformation are later called a matching transformation coordinate to reflect the position of the object;/> is the rotation matrix, θ° is the rotation angle of the rotation matrix; the above formula are the relative coordinates for this match.
若以图6的该第一检测信息410为例,以该第一自驾车41的该匹配绝对坐标为原点顺时针旋转90度,即θ°为90度,该第二至第六检测信息420~460的坐标转换可依此类推,惟需留意其相对位置关系的「前方」与该大地坐标系统的该参考方位的对应关系,以确认旋转矩阵的旋转角度。Taking the first detection information 410 in Figure 6 as an example, taking the matching absolute coordinates of the first self-driving car 41 as the origin and rotating 90 degrees clockwise, that is, θ° is 90 degrees, the second to sixth detection information 420 The coordinate transformation of ~460 can be deduced in the same way, but it is necessary to pay attention to the correspondence between the "front" of its relative position and the reference orientation of the geodetic coordinate system to confirm the rotation angle of the rotation matrix.
请参考图8所示经合并后的该路口动态图像资源60,并配合参考图6,以该第一检测信息410与该第二检测信息420为例,该第一自驾车41的一第一匹配绝对坐标411的位置对应于从该第二检测信息420计算得到的一第一匹配转换坐标421,同样的,该第二自驾车42的一第二匹配绝对坐标422的位置对应于从该第一检测信息410计算得到的一第二匹配转换坐标412。Please refer to the merged dynamic image resource 60 of the intersection shown in Figure 8, and refer to Figure 6. Taking the first detection information 410 and the second detection information 420 as an example, a first step of the first self-driving car 41 The position of the matching absolute coordinates 411 corresponds to a first matching converted coordinate 421 calculated from the second detection information 420. Similarly, the position of a second matching absolute coordinate 422 of the second self-driving car 42 corresponds to the position of a second matching absolute coordinate 422 calculated from the second detection information 420. A second matching transformation coordinate 412 calculated from the detection information 410 .
该第三至第六自驾车43~46的情形可依此类推,简言之,该第四自驾车44的一第四匹配绝对坐标441的位置对应于从该第五检测信息450计算得到的一第四匹配转换坐标451,该第五自驾车45的一第五匹配绝对坐标452的位置对应于从该第四检测信息440计算得到的一第五匹配转换坐标442,该摩托车50的位置对应于从该第四检测信息440计算得到的一第三匹配转换坐标443,该非自驾车51的位置对应于从该第五检测信息450计算得到的一第六匹配转换坐标453以及从该第六检测信息460计算得到的一第七匹配转换坐标461,该第三自驾车43的一第三匹配绝对坐标431与该第六自驾车46的一第六匹配绝对坐标462则独立显示。The situations of the third to sixth self-driving cars 43 to 46 can be deduced in the same way. In short, the position of a fourth matching absolute coordinate 441 of the fourth self-driving car 44 corresponds to the position calculated from the fifth detection information 450 a fourth matching transformation coordinate 451, a fifth matching absolute coordinate 452 position of the fifth self-driving car 45 corresponding to a fifth matching transformation coordinate 442 calculated from the fourth detection information 440, and a position of the motorcycle 50 Corresponding to a third matching transformation coordinate 443 calculated from the fourth detection information 440, the position of the non-self-driving car 51 corresponds to a sixth matching transformation coordinate 453 calculated from the fifth detection information 450 and from the third matching transformation coordinate 453. A seventh matching conversion coordinate 461 calculated by the six detection information 460, a third matching absolute coordinate 431 of the third self-driving car 43 and a sixth matching absolute coordinate 462 of the sixth self-driving car 46 are displayed independently.
综上所述,该路口动态图像资源60可呈现通过该路口的物件位置,如图6所示并配合参考图2至图4,以该第一自驾车41为例,虽然该第一自驾车41的该车上检测装置10的检测范围并未涵盖该第三至第六自驾车43~46、该摩托车50与该非自驾车51,但经由坐标转换与匹配后,配合图8所示的该路口动态图像资源60也可获得该第三至第六自驾车43~46、该摩托车50与该非自驾车51的即时动态,而当该运算装置11周期地广播该路口动态图像资源60时,该物件的位置周期地更新,该路口动态图像资源60使该物件有动态的呈现。To sum up, the intersection dynamic image resource 60 can present the positions of objects passing through the intersection, as shown in Figure 6 and with reference to Figures 2 to 4, taking the first self-driving car 41 as an example. Although the first self-driving car The detection range of the on-board detection device 10 of 41 does not cover the third to sixth self-driving cars 43 to 46, the motorcycle 50 and the non-self-driving car 51, but after coordinate conversion and matching, as shown in Figure 8 The intersection dynamic image resource 60 can also obtain the real-time dynamics of the third to sixth self-driving cars 43-46, the motorcycle 50 and the non-self-driving car 51, and when the computing device 11 periodically broadcasts the intersection dynamic image resource At 60 o'clock, the position of the object is updated periodically, and the intersection dynamic image resource 60 enables the object to be dynamically presented.
是以,当自驾车行经该路口时可收到由该运算装置11所广播的该路口动态图像资源60,自驾车即可根据该路口动态图像资源60进行全面性的导航决策;另一方面,具接收广播讯息功能的车辆或使用者电子装置(例如智能手机)也可接收到由该运算装置11所广播的该路口动态图像资源60,以将该路口动态图像资源60显示给驾驶人或乘客检视,供驾驶人即时掌握路口路况,提升路口行车安全。Therefore, when the self-driving car passes through the intersection, it can receive the dynamic image resource 60 of the intersection broadcasted by the computing device 11, and the self-driving car can make comprehensive navigation decisions based on the dynamic image resource 60 of the intersection; on the other hand, A vehicle or user electronic device (such as a smartphone) with the function of receiving broadcast messages can also receive the intersection dynamic image resource 60 broadcast by the computing device 11 to display the intersection dynamic image resource 60 to the driver or Passenger view allows drivers to grasp the road conditions at intersections in real time, improving driving safety at intersections.
另一方面,本发明的其他实施例可进一步包含该物件检测装置12,和该车上检测装置10相比,该物件检测装置12可固定架设在路边以检测路口的物件,且该物件检测装置12与该车上检测装置10所检测的物件可为相同或不同物件,需说明的是,该车上检测装置10所检测到的该至少一物件定义为至少一第一物件,该物件检测装置12所检测到的至少一物件定义为至少一第二物件。请参考图2与图3,该物件检测装置12亦可通过广播或移动通信技术将一辅助检测信息120传送信息给该运算装置11,该辅助检测信息120与该车上检测装置10产生的该检测信息30雷同,亦即该物件检测装置12亦可检测该路口的车辆、行人或其它物体(例如散落物)等该至少一第二物件,并将该辅助检测信息120传送到该运算装置11。不同的是,由于该物件检测装置12的位置是固定的,该辅助检测信息120并无如该检测信息30的该本车航向33与该本车速度35,该辅助检测信息120包含该物件检测装置12本身的一绝对定位坐标以及该至少一第二物件与该物件检测装置12之间的一相对速度与一相对坐标。On the other hand, other embodiments of the present invention can further include the object detection device 12. Compared with the on-board detection device 10, the object detection device 12 can be fixedly installed on the roadside to detect objects at intersections, and the object detection device 12 can be fixed on the roadside to detect objects at intersections. The objects detected by the device 12 and the on-board detection device 10 may be the same or different objects. It should be noted that the at least one object detected by the on-board detection device 10 is defined as at least one first object. The object detects At least one object detected by the device 12 is defined as at least a second object. Please refer to Figures 2 and 3. The object detection device 12 can also transmit an auxiliary detection information 120 to the computing device 11 through broadcast or mobile communication technology. The auxiliary detection information 120 is consistent with the on-board detection device 10 generated. The detection information 30 is the same, that is, the object detection device 12 can also detect the at least one second object such as vehicles, pedestrians or other objects (such as scattered objects) at the intersection, and transmit the auxiliary detection information 120 to the computing device 11 . The difference is that since the position of the object detection device 12 is fixed, the auxiliary detection information 120 does not include the vehicle heading 33 and the vehicle speed 35 like the detection information 30. The auxiliary detection information 120 includes the object detection information. An absolute positioning coordinate of the device 12 itself and a relative speed and a relative coordinate between the at least one second object and the object detection device 12 .
由于该物件检测装置12的位置是固定的,该运算装置11可预设该物件检测装置12的该绝对定位坐标,且依前述步骤S02类推,该运算装置11根据该至少一第二物件与该物件检测装置12之间的该相对速度以及进行信息运算与传输的一时间差产生一辅助坐标位移量(该辅助坐标位移量的运算相当于该物件预估坐标位移量),并将该至少一第二物件与该物件检测装置12之间的该相对坐标加上该辅助坐标位移量得到一辅助匹配坐标;该运算装置11可将该物件检测装置12的该绝对定位坐标直接加上该辅助匹配坐标即可定位该至少一第二物件的坐标位置,以转换为经度与纬度后合并于该路口动态图像资源60,该辅助匹配坐标可不需经过坐标旋转转换。Since the position of the object detection device 12 is fixed, the computing device 11 can preset the absolute positioning coordinates of the object detection device 12, and by analogy with the aforementioned step S02, the computing device 11 determines the relationship between the at least one second object and the second object. The relative speed between the object detection devices 12 and a time difference in information calculation and transmission generate an auxiliary coordinate displacement (the calculation of the auxiliary coordinate displacement is equivalent to the estimated coordinate displacement of the object), and the at least one first The relative coordinates between the two objects and the object detection device 12 are added to the auxiliary coordinate displacement to obtain an auxiliary matching coordinate; the computing device 11 can directly add the absolute positioning coordinates of the object detection device 12 to the auxiliary matching coordinates. The coordinate position of the at least one second object can be located, converted into longitude and latitude, and then merged into the intersection dynamic image resource 60. The auxiliary matching coordinates do not need to undergo coordinate rotation conversion.
前述说明该运算装置11为边缘运算装置的实施例,于其它实施例中,当该运算装置11为云端服务器时,可利用接收到的该些检测信息30与辅助检测信息120实施多元服务功能。举例来说,该运算装置11可储存从该物件检测装置12传来的每一笔该辅助检测信息120,每一笔该辅助检测信息120可包含多个第二物件的坐标,故该运算装置11可根据该多个第二物件中的其中的一第二物件的前后两笔坐标是否改变以判断该物件是否移动,并可累计各第二物件的一静止时间Ts。该运算装置11可设有多个不同时间门槛值,该时间门槛值例如可包含一第一时间门槛值Ta、一第二时间门槛值Tb、一第三时间门槛值Tc与一第四时间门槛值Td,其中,Ta>Tb>Tc>Td,例如Td可为1秒,Tc可为1分钟,Tb可为1小时,Ta可为1个月。The foregoing description describes an embodiment in which the computing device 11 is an edge computing device. In other embodiments, when the computing device 11 is a cloud server, the received detection information 30 and auxiliary detection information 120 can be used to implement multiple service functions. For example, the computing device 11 can store each piece of the auxiliary detection information 120 transmitted from the object detection device 12, and each piece of the auxiliary detection information 120 can include the coordinates of a plurality of second objects, so the computing device 11. It can be determined whether the object moves based on whether the two coordinates of the second object among the plurality of second objects change, and a stationary time Ts of each second object can be accumulated. The computing device 11 may be provided with a plurality of different time thresholds. The time thresholds may include, for example, a first time threshold Ta, a second time threshold Tb, a third time threshold Tc and a fourth time threshold. The value Td, where Ta>Tb>Tc>Td, for example, Td can be 1 second, Tc can be 1 minute, Tb can be 1 hour, and Ta can be 1 month.
当Ts<Td,该运算装置11可判断该第二物件对应一动态物件信息,例如车辆或行人;当Td<Ts<Tc,该运算装置11可判断该第二物件对应一半动态信息,例如事故、道路施工或塞车;依此类推,当Tc<Ts<Tb,该运算装置11可判断该第二物件为一半静态信息;当Tb<Ts<Ta,该运算装置11可判断该第二物件为一静态信息。藉由前述物件静止时间Ts与各时间门槛值Ta、Tb、Tc、Td的判断,即可达成分类物件信息的服务功能,作为评估路口路况的参考。When Ts < Td, the computing device 11 can determine that the second object corresponds to a dynamic object information, such as a vehicle or a pedestrian; when Td < Ts < Tc, the computing device 11 can determine that the second object corresponds to half of the dynamic information, such as an accident. , road construction or traffic jam; and so on, when Tc<Ts<Tb, the computing device 11 can determine that the second object is half static information; when Tb<Ts<Ta, the computing device 11 can determine that the second object is A static message. By judging the aforementioned object stationary time Ts and each time threshold value Ta, Tb, Tc, and Td, the service function of classifying object information can be achieved and used as a reference for evaluating road conditions at intersections.
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