CN113805376A

CN113805376A - Bump structure and liquid crystal display

Info

Publication number: CN113805376A
Application number: CN202111081563.4A
Authority: CN
Inventors: 甘政佑; 黄国有; 陈茂松
Original assignee: AU Optronics Corp
Current assignee: AUO Corp
Priority date: 2021-02-19
Filing date: 2021-09-15
Publication date: 2021-12-17
Anticipated expiration: 2041-09-15
Also published as: TWI748875B; CN113805376B; TW202234131A

Abstract

A bump structure is provided, which includes a plurality of first bumps and at least one second bump. The second bump has a long axis extending in a horizontal direction, a vertical direction or an oblique direction, and the size of the first bump is smaller than that of the second bump. The second bump includes a plurality of first parts and a second part connecting the adjacent first parts, and the first bumps and the first parts are arranged in a hexagonal closest manner. A liquid crystal display is also provided.

Description

Bump structure and liquid crystal display

Technical Field

The invention relates to an electronic product, and more particularly to a bump structure and a liquid crystal display.

Background

In recent years, with the progress of the semiconductor industry and the related electronic industry, Display screens playing an important role in digital products have been the focus of attention of designers, and Liquid Crystal Displays (LCDs) are also a mainstream Display screen. Furthermore, the visual perception of the lcd to the viewer is often related to the optical performance of the lcd, so that it has become a challenge to effectively improve the optical performance and achieve better visual perception.

Disclosure of Invention

The invention provides a bump structure and a liquid crystal display, which can effectively improve optical performance and further achieve better display effect.

The invention provides a bump structure, which comprises a plurality of first bumps and at least one second bump. The second bump has a long axis extending in a horizontal direction, a vertical direction or an oblique direction, and the size of the first bump is smaller than that of the second bump. The second bump comprises a plurality of first parts and a second part connecting the adjacent first parts, and the first bumps and the first parts are arranged in a hexagonal closest mode.

The invention provides a liquid crystal display, which comprises an array substrate and the bump structure. The array substrate is provided with a reflecting area, and the bump structure is arranged on the reflecting area.

The invention is described in detail below with reference to the drawings and specific examples, but the invention is not limited thereto.

Drawings

FIG. 1A is a partial top view of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 1B is a partial sectional view taken along line a-a' in fig. 1A.

FIG. 1C is a graph of the relationship between the incident angle and the reflectance of light and the viewing angle of a conventional LCD.

FIG. 1D is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the incident angle, the reflectivity and the viewing angle of an LCD according to an embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 2 is a partial top view of a liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 3 is a partial top view of a liquid crystal display according to yet another embodiment of the invention.

FIG. 4 is a partial top view of a liquid crystal display according to yet another embodiment of the invention.

Fig. 5 is a partial sectional view of a liquid crystal display according to yet another embodiment of the present invention.

Wherein, the reference numbers:

100. 200, 300, 400, 500 liquid crystal display

102 reflective region

104 penetration zone

110 array substrate

112 substrate

114 dielectric layer

116 transparent electrode layer

120. 220, 320, 420, 520 bump structure

121 the first bump

121a first projection

121b first reflective layer

121t, 122t top surface

122. 222, 322 second bump

122a second projection

122b second reflective layer

423 large-sized second bump

424 small-sized second bump

523 peripheral bump

S/D source/drain

P1, P3, P4 first part

P2 second part

R1, R2, R3 rows

523H, 122H height

Detailed Description

The invention will be described in detail with reference to the following drawings, which are provided for illustration purposes and the like:

for clarity, fig. 1A, fig. 2, fig. 3, and fig. 4 only show the bump structure, and other elements on the liquid crystal display are omitted.

Embodiments of the invention are illustrated in the accompanying drawings, and for the purposes of explanation, numerous implementation details are set forth in the following description. It should be understood, however, that these implementation details are not to be interpreted as limiting the invention. That is, in some embodiments of the invention, such implementation details are not necessary. In addition, some well-known structures and elements are omitted or simply illustrated in the drawings for the sake of simplicity.

Throughout the specification, the same reference numerals denote the same or similar elements. In the drawings, the thickness of layers, films, panels, regions, etc. have been exaggerated for clarity. It will be understood that when an element such as a layer, film, region, or substrate is referred to as being "on" or "connected to" another element, it can be directly on or connected to the other element or intervening elements may also be present. In contrast, when an element is referred to as being "directly on" or "directly connected to" another element, there are no other elements present between the element and the other element. As used herein, "connected" may refer to physical and/or electrical connections. Furthermore, two elements being "electrically connected" or "coupled" to each other may be other elements present between the two elements.

It will be understood that, although the terms first, second, third, etc. may be used herein to describe various elements, components, regions, layers and/or sections, these elements, components, regions, and/or sections should not be limited by these terms. These terms are only used to distinguish one element, component, region, layer or section from another element, component, region, layer or section. Thus, a "first element," "component," "region," "layer" or "portion" discussed below could be termed a second element, component, region, layer or portion without departing from the teachings herein.

The terminology used herein is for the purpose of describing particular embodiments only and is not intended to be limiting of the invention. For example, as used herein, "a," "an," and "the" are not intended to limit the elements to the singular or the plural. As used herein, "or" means "and/or". As used herein, the term "and/or" includes any and all combinations of one or more of the associated listed items. It will be further understood that the terms "comprises" and/or "comprising," when used in this specification, specify the presence of stated features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, and/or components, but do not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, regions, integers, steps, operations, elements, components, and/or groups thereof.

Furthermore, relative terms such as "lower" or "bottom" and "upper" or "top" may be used herein to describe one element's relationship to another element, as illustrated. It will be understood that relative terms are intended to encompass different orientations of the device in addition to the orientation depicted in the figures. For example, if the device in one of the figures is turned over, other elements that were described as being on the "lower" side of the element would then become oriented on the "upper" side of the element. Thus, the exemplary term "lower" can include both "lower" and "upper" orientations, depending on the particular orientation of the figure. Similarly, if the device in one of the figures is turned over, other elements described as originally "below" or "beneath" the element would then become oriented "above" the other elements. Thus, the exemplary terms "below" or "beneath" may include both an orientation of above and below.

As used herein, "about" or "substantially" includes the stated value and the average value within an acceptable range of deviation of the specified value as determined by one of ordinary skill in the art, taking into account the measurement in question and the specified amount of error associated with the measurement (i.e., the limitations of the measurement system). For example, "about" can mean within one or more standard deviations of the stated values, or within ± 30%, ± 20%, ± 10%, ± 5%. Further, as used herein, "about" or "substantially" may be selected based on optical properties, etch properties, or other properties, with a more acceptable range of deviation or standard deviation, and not all properties may be applied with one standard deviation.

Unless defined otherwise, all terms (including technical and scientific terms) used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by one of ordinary skill in the art to which this invention belongs. It will be further understood that terms, such as those defined in commonly used dictionaries, should be interpreted as having a meaning that is consistent with their meaning in the context of the relevant art and the present invention and will not be interpreted in an idealized or overly formal sense unless expressly so defined herein.

FIG. 1A is a partial top view of a liquid crystal display according to an embodiment of the invention. Fig. 1B is a partial sectional view taken along line a-a' in fig. 1A. FIG. 1C is a graph of the relationship between the incident angle and the reflectance of light and the viewing angle of a conventional LCD. FIG. 1D is a diagram illustrating the relationship between the incident angle, the reflectivity and the viewing angle of an LCD according to an embodiment of the invention.

Referring to fig. 1A to 1D, in the present embodiment, the liquid crystal display 100 is, for example, a transflective liquid crystal display, i.e., the light source can use both the light of the ambient light source and the light of the backlight module, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

Further, in the present embodiment, the liquid crystal display 100 may include an array substrate 110 and a bump structure 120, wherein the bump structure 120 may be disposed on the reflective region 102 on the array substrate 110 for increasing the reflectivity of the liquid crystal display 100. In addition, as shown in fig. 1B, the array substrate 110 may be sequentially a substrate 112, a source/drain S/D, a dielectric layer 114 covering the source/drain S/D, and a transparent electrode layer 116 penetrating the dielectric layer 114, extending from the source/drain S/D to the surface of the array substrate 110, and electrically connected to the source/drain S/D, but the invention is not limited thereto. Herein, the aforementioned layers and components of the array substrate 110 may be made of any suitable materials and methods and may be configured in any suitable manner, and the array substrate 110 may optionally include any suitable layers not shown.

In the present embodiment, the bump structure 120 may include a plurality of first bumps 121 and at least one second bump 122, wherein the second bump 122 has a long axis extending in a horizontal direction, and the second bump 122 may include a plurality of first portions P1 and a second portion P2 connecting adjacent first portions P1. In addition, the size of the first bump 121 may be smaller than that of the second bump 122, and the plurality of first bumps 121 and the plurality of first portions P1 are arranged in a hexagonal closest manner. Here, the horizontal direction is defined as an extending direction corresponding to viewing angles of 0 ° and 180 °, and the hexagonal closest arrangement is defined as a center of any one of the first bumps 121/the first portions P1, and the periphery thereof uniformly surrounds the plurality of first bumps 121/the plurality of first portions P1 to form a hexagonal profile, in other words, a connection line between the center first bump 121/the first portion P1 and two adjacent first bumps 121/the first portions P1 may be 60 °, as shown in fig. 1A.

Accordingly, in the present embodiment, two bumps with different sizes are designed in the bump structure 120 arranged in the hexagonal closest manner (the reflectivity is higher than that of the bump structure designed with a single bump), and by designing the long axis of the larger bump, the light efficiency in the extending direction of the long axis can be sacrificed to increase the light efficiency corresponding to the viewing angle (the viewing angle of the viewer), so that the reflectivity corresponding to the viewing angle (the viewing angle of the viewer) can be greatly improved, and the brightness corresponding to the viewing angle (the viewing angle of the viewer) can be improved, so that the liquid crystal display 100 including the bump structure 120 can effectively improve the optical performance thereof, and further achieve better visual perception.

For example, the size of the first bump 121 of the present embodiment is smaller than that of the second bump 122, and the larger second bump 122 has a long axis extending towards the horizontal direction, so that the light efficiency in the extending direction of 0 ° and 180 ° can be sacrificed to increase the light efficiency corresponding to the viewing angle angles of 90 ° and 270 ° (e.g., the viewing angle at which the viewer watches the watch), so as to greatly improve the reflectivity corresponding to the viewing angle angles of 90 ° and 270 ° (e.g., the viewing angle at which the viewer watches the watch), and to improve the brightness corresponding to the viewing angles of 90 ° and 270 ° (e.g., the viewing angle at which the viewer watches the watch), so that the liquid crystal display 100 including the bump structure 120 can effectively improve the optical performance thereof, as shown in fig. 1C and 1D, to achieve better visual perception, but the present invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the long axis design with different extending directions (vertical extension or oblique extension) can be provided according to the actual design requirements, so as to satisfy the visual perception of different corresponding viewing angles (the viewing angle of the viewer). On the other hand, compared with other means for improving the optical performance (such as providing a Light Control Film (LCF)), the design of the bump structure 120 of the embodiment can have the corresponding optical performance while reducing the manufacturing cost, so as to achieve the corresponding visual perception, but the invention is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the first bump 121 and the first portion P1 have the same profile in a top view, for example, as shown in fig. 1A, the first bump 121 and the first portion P1 may both have a circular profile, but the invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the first bump and the first portion may both have a hexagonal profile or an octagonal profile.

In some embodiments, the second bump 122 may have a different profile from the first bump 121, for example, as shown in fig. 1A, the profile of the second bump 122 (the profile after the first portion P1 is connected with the second portion P2) is an oblong profile, but the invention is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the number of the first portions P1 may be two or more, and the number of the first portions P1 in this embodiment is schematically illustrated as two, but the invention is not limited thereto, and in other embodiments, the number of the first portions P1 may be adjusted to other numbers according to the actual design requirements. On the other hand, in the present embodiment, since the number of the first portions P1 is two, the number of the second portions P2 connecting adjacent first portions P1 is one, that is, when the number of the first portions P1 is n, the number of the second portions P2 is n-1, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In the present embodiment, the two sides of the second bump 122 may respectively have the first bumps 121, so that the second bumps 122 and the first bumps 121 are alternately arranged, in other words, the first bumps 121, the second bumps 122 and the first bumps 121 may be sequentially and alternately arranged along the horizontal direction, but the invention is not limited thereto, and the arrangement manner of the first bumps 121 and the second bumps 122 may be adjusted according to the requirement of the actual design.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1A, the first bumps 121 and the second bumps 122 may also be arranged in a plurality of rows R1, wherein the plurality of rows R1 may be arranged in a vertical direction, but the invention is not limited thereto. Here, the vertical direction is, for example, defined as an extending direction corresponding to viewing angles of 90 ° and 270 °.

In some embodiments, the first bump 121 and the second bump 122 may be a multi-layer structure, for example, as shown in fig. 1B, the first bump 121 may include a first protrusion 121a and a first reflective layer 121B on the first protrusion 121a, and the second bump 122 may include a second protrusion 122a and a second reflective layer 122B on the second protrusion 122a, wherein the material of the first protrusion 121a and the second protrusion 122a may include an organic material, and the material of the first reflective layer 121B and the second reflective layer 122B may include silver (Ag) and an organic material, but the invention is not limited thereto.

In addition, as shown in fig. 1B, the top surface 121t of the first bump 121 is an arc surface, and the top surface 122t of the second bump 122 is a plane surface, in other words, the width of the top surface 121t of the first bump 121 is smaller than the width of the top surface 122t of the second bump 122, but the invention is not limited thereto.

In some embodiments, the array substrate 110 may further include transmissive regions 104 between the reflective regions 102 so that an underlying light source (not shown) can pass through, but the invention is not limited thereto.

It should be noted that, in the following embodiments, the element numbers and part of contents of the embodiments in fig. 1A to 1D are used, wherein the same or similar element numbers are used to indicate the same or similar elements, and the description of the same technical contents is omitted, and the description of the omitted part can refer to the foregoing embodiments, and the following embodiments are not repeated.

Fig. 2 is a partial top view of a liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 2, the difference between the lcd 200 of the present embodiment and the lcd 100 of the embodiment of fig. 1A is: the second bump 222 of the bump structure 220 of the present embodiment has a long axis extending in a vertical direction. Here, the vertical direction is, for example, defined as an extending direction corresponding to viewing angles of 90 ° and 270 °. Therefore, the size of the first bump 121 of the present embodiment is smaller than that of the second bump 222, and the larger second bump 222 has a long axis extending in the vertical direction, so that the light efficiency in the extending direction of 90 ° and 270 ° can be sacrificed to increase the light efficiency corresponding to the viewing angle angles of 0 ° and 180 ° (the viewing angle of the viewer), thereby greatly improving the reflectivity corresponding to the viewing angle angles of 0 ° and 180 ° (the viewing angle of the viewer), and increasing the brightness corresponding to the viewing angles of 0 ° and 180 ° (the viewing angle of the viewer).

In addition, in the embodiment, the plurality of first bumps 121 and the plurality of second bumps 222 may also be arranged in a plurality of rows R2, wherein the plurality of rows R2 may be arranged along the horizontal direction, but the invention is not limited thereto. Here, the vertical direction is, for example, defined as an extending direction corresponding to viewing angles of 0 ° and 180 °.

FIG. 3 is a partial top view of a liquid crystal display according to another embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 3, the difference between the lcd 300 of the present embodiment and the lcd 100 of the embodiment of fig. 1A is: the second bump 322 of the bump structure 320 of the present embodiment has a long axis extending in an oblique direction. Here, the oblique direction is, for example, an extending direction defined to correspond to viewing angle angles of 135 ° and 315 °. Therefore, the size of the first bump 121 of the present embodiment is smaller than that of the second bump 322, and the larger second bump 322 has a long axis extending in the oblique direction, so that the light efficiency in the extending directions of 135 ° and 315 ° can be sacrificed to increase the light efficiency corresponding to the viewing angle angles of 45 ° and 225 ° (the viewing angle of the viewer), thereby greatly improving the reflectivity corresponding to the viewing angle angles of 45 ° and 225 ° (the viewing angle of the viewer), and increasing the brightness corresponding to the viewing angle (the viewing angle of the viewer), so that the liquid crystal display 300 including the bump structure 320 can effectively improve the optical performance thereof, and further achieve better visual perception, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

In addition, in the embodiment, the plurality of first bumps 121 and the plurality of second bumps 322 may also be arranged in a plurality of rows R3, wherein the plurality of rows R3 may be arranged along another oblique direction, but the invention is not limited thereto. Here, the other oblique direction is, for example, an extending direction defined to correspond to viewing angle angles of 45 ° and 225 °.

Fig. 4 is a partial top view of a liquid crystal display according to yet another embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 4, the difference between the lcd 400 of the present embodiment and the lcd 100 of the embodiment of fig. 1A is: the at least one second bump of the bump structure 420 of the present embodiment includes at least a large-sized second bump 423 and a small-sized second bump 424. Further, the small-sized second bump 424 is similar to the second bump 122, that is, the number of the first portions P4 in the small-sized second bump 424 is two. On the other hand, the number of the first portions P3 in the large-sized second bump 423 is smaller than the number of the first portions P4 in the large-sized second bump 424, that is, the number of the first portions P3 in the large-sized second bump 423 is greater than or equal to three, for example, in the present embodiment, the number of the first portions P3 in the large-sized second bump 423 may be three, four or five, but the present invention is not limited thereto.

FIG. 5 is a partial top view of a liquid crystal display according to yet another embodiment of the invention. Referring to fig. 5, the differences between the lcd 500 of the present embodiment and the lcd 100 of the embodiment of fig. 1A are: the bump structure 520 of the present embodiment further includes a plurality of peripheral bumps 523. The peripheral bumps 523 surround the first bumps 121 and the second bumps 122, and the height 523H of each peripheral bump 523 is greater than the height 122H of the second bump 122, so as to further improve the reflection effect of the liquid crystal display 500. In addition, the plurality of peripheral bumps 523 are located in the channel region of the liquid crystal display 500, for example, but the invention is not limited thereto.

It should be noted that although the long axes of the second bumps in the above embodiments only include one extending manner, such as the embodiment of fig. 1A in which the second bumps have long axes extending in the horizontal direction, the embodiment of fig. 2 in which the second bumps have long axes extending in the vertical direction, and the embodiment of fig. 3 in which the second bumps have long axes extending in the oblique direction, the invention is not limited thereto, and the second bumps with long axes extending in different directions may be provided in the same embodiment. In addition, the second bumps with different sizes in the above embodiments can be combined arbitrarily, and the arrangement manner between the second bumps and the first bumps can also be determined according to the actual design requirement, as long as the size of the first bump designed in the bump structure with the hexagonal closest arrangement is smaller than the size of the at least one second bump, and the at least one second bump has a long axis extending in the horizontal direction, the vertical direction or the oblique direction, all belong to the protection scope of the present invention.

In summary, the invention designs two bumps with different sizes in the bump structure arranged in the hexagonal closest manner (the reflectivity is higher than that of the bump structure designed by the bump with a single size), and by designing the long axis of the larger bump, the light efficiency in the extending direction of the long axis can be sacrificed to increase the light efficiency corresponding to the viewing angle (the viewing angle of the viewer), so that the reflectivity corresponding to the viewing angle (the viewing angle of the viewer) can be greatly improved, and the brightness corresponding to the viewing angle (the viewing angle of the viewer) can be improved, so that the liquid crystal display including the bump structure can effectively improve the optical performance thereof, and further achieve better visual perception.

The present invention may be embodied in other specific forms without departing from the spirit or essential attributes thereof, and it should be understood that various changes and modifications can be effected therein by one skilled in the art without departing from the spirit and scope of the invention as defined in the appended claims.

Claims

1. a bump structure, is characterized in that, comprises:

a plurality of first bumps; and

At least one second bump has a long axis extending in a horizontal direction, a vertical direction or an oblique direction, and the size of the first bump is smaller than the size of the at least one second bump, wherein the at least one first bump The two bumps include a plurality of first portions and a second portion connecting the adjacent first portions, and the first bumps and the first portions are arranged in a hexagonal closest manner.

2 . The bump structure of claim 1 , wherein, in a plan view, the first bump and the plurality of first portions have the same contour. 3 .

3. The bump structure of claim 2, wherein the profile comprises a circular profile.

4 . The bump structure of claim 1 , wherein the number of the plurality of first portions is greater than or equal to two. 5 .

5 . The bump structure of claim 1 , wherein the at least one second bump has the first bumps on both sides of the at least one second bump, so that the at least one second bump is connected to the The first bumps are alternately arranged.

6 . The bump structure of claim 1 , wherein a top surface of the first bump is an arc surface, and a top surface of the at least one second bump is a flat surface. 7 .

7 . The bump structure of claim 1 , wherein the at least one second bump comprises at least a large-sized second bump and a small-sized second bump. 8 .

8 . The bump structure of claim 7 , wherein the number of the plurality of first portions in the small-sized second bump is two, and the number of the large-sized second bumps is two. 9 . The number of the plurality of first parts is greater than or equal to three.

9 . The bump structure of claim 1 , further comprising a plurality of peripheral bumps, at least surrounding the plurality of first bumps and the at least one second bump, and each of the The height of the peripheral bump is greater than the height of the at least one second bump.

10. A liquid crystal display, comprising:

an array substrate with a reflective area;

The bump structure according to any one of claims 1 to 9, disposed on the reflection area.