CN113801774B - Thallus culture equipment and method - Google Patents

Abstract

The utility model belongs to the technical field of thallus culture, and particularly discloses thallus culture equipment and a thallus culture method, aiming at solving the problems that the existing thallus culture equipment is complex in structure and is unfavorable for timely separation of thalli. According to the thallus culture equipment, the first chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber which are sequentially connected from top to bottom are formed in the fermentation tank, the thallus obtained by fermentation in the first chamber can be enriched by utilizing the second chamber, and the thallus enriched in the second chamber can be fully accumulated and settled by utilizing the third chamber, so that the thallus can be concentrated without adding devices such as a cyclone sedimentation tank, a circulating pump and a circulating pipe, and the equipment structure is simplified; simultaneously, through setting up turbidity detection device in the third cavity, do benefit to the turbidity of real-time detection liquid in the third cavity to be connected centrifugal device's inlet and the leakage fluid dram of third cavity lower extreme through vertical pipeline, do benefit to in time discharging the material to centrifugal device after satisfying turbidity requirement, in order to obtain thallus activity mud with the quick centrifugal separation of material.

Description

Bacterial culture equipment and methods

Technical field

The invention belongs to the technical field of bacterial culture, and specifically relates to a bacterial culture equipment and method.

Background technique

Bacteria culture equipment is a facility and equipment that provides a suitable environment for the growth of bacteria based on the principle of biological fermentation. At present, people are using more high-density culture methods, that is, optimizing culture conditions, adding nutrients and oxygen, or removing inhibitory factors, to increase the amount of bacteria in a single batch of fermentation to obtain higher substrate utilization efficiency or Product yield.

Since the timely separation of bacteria from the fermentation tank during the fermentation process can reduce the excessive consumption of nutrients and the generation of waste, extend the growth time of the bacteria, and obtain efficient fermentation effects, so the bacterial culture equipment includes fermentation tanks and In addition to the stirring device, a centrifugal device is usually included. For example: the Chinese utility model patent with the authorization announcement number CN213624107U discloses a yeast fermentation separation device, which includes a fermentation tank and a vortex tank. The fermentation tank is connected to the vortex tank through a circulation pipe, and there are respectively provided on the circulation pipes. The centrifugal pump and the vortex feed valve are connected to the circulation pipe between the centrifugal pump and the vortex feed valve with an air inlet pipe and a fermentation reflux pipe. The other end of the fermentation reflux pipe is connected to the upper part of the fermentation tank. The fermentation reflux valve The fermentation reflux pipe between the fermentation tank and the fermentation tank is connected to a centrifugal clear liquid pipe and a vortex sink reflux pipe. The other end of the centrifugal clear liquid pipe is connected to a solid-liquid centrifuge, and the other end of the vortex sink reflux pipe is connected to the vortex sink tank; The bottom of the sinking tank is connected to the solid-liquid centrifuge through the sedimentation material valve, and a concentrated yeast valve is provided at the bottom of the solid-liquid centrifuge.

Although the above-mentioned yeast fermentation separation device can make full use of the operation of the centrifugal pump to drive the fermentation liquid to pre-separate in the vortex tank, which greatly reduces the running time of the centrifuge, thus saving operating costs and reducing the production cost of yeast, it also increases the cost of yeast production. The effect of fermentation is improved; however, it adds a vortex tank, a centrifugal pump and a circulation pipe, and when separating the bacteria, the fermentation liquid needs to be pumped into the vortex tank. After the fermentation liquid settles in the vortex tank, the sediment is discharged. While entering the centrifuge, the supernatant liquid flows back into the fermentation tank. Not only is the device structure complex, but the cultivation and separation of bacterial cells are carried out separately, making it impossible to achieve online separation of bacterial cells, resulting in delayed separation of bacterial cells, which is not conducive to maintaining the activity of bacterial cells. .

Contents of the invention

The present invention provides a bacterial culture equipment, aiming to solve the problem that the existing bacterial culture equipment has a complicated structure and is not conducive to the timely separation of bacterial cells.

The technical solution adopted by the present invention to solve the technical problem is: bacterial culture equipment, including a fermentation tank, a stirring device and a centrifugal device, and also includes a turbidity detection device; the fermentation tank has first chambers connected in sequence from top to bottom. chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber, the lower end of the third chamber is provided with a drain port; the stirring device is arranged on the fermentation tank, and its stirring paddle is located in the first chamber and the second chamber. ; The turbidity detection device is arranged in the third chamber, and the liquid inlet of the centrifugal device is connected to the liquid outlet through a vertical pipe.

Further, the stirring device includes a stirring shaft arranged vertically on the fermentation tank and extending into the first chamber and the second chamber, a stirring blade arranged on the stirring shaft, and a stirring blade arranged on the fermentation tank and extending into the first chamber and the second chamber. A stirring motor is drivingly connected to the stirring shaft; the stirring shaft and the stirring blades together constitute the stirring blade of the stirring device.

Further, the vertical pipeline is provided with a valve.

Further, the centrifugal device is a disc centrifuge.

Further, the volume of the first chamber is 65-75% of the total volume of the fermentation tank, the volume of the second chamber is 20-30% of the total volume of the fermentation tank, and the volume of the third chamber is It is 2 to 5% of the total volume of the fermentation tank.

Further, the first chamber includes a cylindrical body and an inverted conical bottom provided at the lower end of the cylindrical body, the second chamber and the third chamber are both inverted conical structures, and the first chamber The chamber, the second chamber and the third chamber are coaxially arranged.

Further, the diameter of the connection between the first chamber and the second chamber is 40-50% of the diameter of the cylindrical body of the first chamber, and the diameter of the connection between the second chamber and the third chamber is The diameter is 30-40% of the diameter of the upper end of the third chamber.

Further, the taper of the third chamber is 0.7:1˜1.2:1.

The invention also provides a bacterial culture method that can improve substrate utilization and product yield. The method uses the above bacterial culture equipment to produce bacterial cells.

Further, the above method includes a fermentation step, a sedimentation step and a separation step;

Fermentation step: first add the sterilized culture medium into the fermentation tank through the first chamber, then add the bacterial seed liquid into the fermentation tank through the first chamber, and start the stirring device for stirring and fermentation at the same time; settling step: When the bacterial seed fermentation reaches the logarithmic growth phase, stop the stirring device; after 3 to 8 minutes, start the stirring device again and stir at a speed of 2 to 10 rpm for 0.5 to 2 minutes to allow part of the bacterial cells to settle into the third chamber; after that, Continue stirring and fermenting according to the stirring method of the fermentation step;

Separation step: Follow the sedimentation step cycle operation. When the turbidity detection device detects that the turbidity of the liquid in the third chamber exceeds the set value, the material is discharged to the centrifuge device through the vertical pipe. The volume of the discharged material is the volume of the third chamber. 80~150%; after discharging the material, replenish the culture solution into the first chamber, and the volume of the added culture solution is equal to the volume of the discharged material; the material discharged into the centrifuge device is rotated in the centrifuge device at a speed of 10000~20000rpm Centrifuge under the conditions to obtain active bacterial slime.

The beneficial effects of the present invention are: the bacterial culture equipment establishes a first chamber, a second chamber and a third chamber connected in sequence from top to bottom in the fermentation tank, and the second chamber can be used to enrich the first chamber. The bacterial cells fermented in the chamber can be fully aggregated and settled by using the third chamber to fully accumulate and settle the bacterial cells enriched in the second chamber. Therefore, the bacterial cells can be concentrated without the need for additional devices such as vortex tanks, circulation pumps, and circulation pipes. Up, the equipment structure is simplified, and the convenience of equipment control and production efficiency are improved; at the same time, by placing the stirring paddle of the stirring device in the first chamber and the second chamber, on the one hand, the addition into the first chamber can be The culture medium and bacterial cell seed liquid are stirred so that the bacterial cells fully absorb nutrients and achieve good fermentation culture results. On the other hand, the enriched bacterial cells in the second chamber can be stirred to maintain the activity of the bacterial cells. ; In addition, by arranging a turbidity detection device in the third chamber, it is convenient to detect the turbidity of the liquid in the third chamber in real time, and the liquid inlet of the centrifugal device and the drainage at the lower end of the third chamber are connected through a vertical pipe. The port connection is conducive to promptly discharging the material to the centrifugal device after meeting the turbidity requirements, so that the material can be quickly centrifuged to obtain bacterial active mud. This bacterial culture method uses the above-mentioned bacterial culture equipment to produce bacterial cells, and after discharging the materials, an equal volume of culture fluid is added to continue culturing, ensuring that the cultivation and separation of bacterial cells can be carried out at the same time, which not only extends the fermentation time, but also further improves It improves substrate utilization, improves product yield, and enables online separation of bacteria, which is beneficial to timely separation of bacteria and maintaining good activity.

Description of the drawings

Figure 1 is a schematic structural diagram of the bacterial culture equipment in the present invention;

Marked in the figure are: first chamber 1, second chamber 2, third chamber 3, stirring device 4, turbidity detection device 5, drain port 6, vertical pipe 7, valve 8, centrifugal device 9.

Detailed ways

The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and examples.

As shown in Figure 1, the bacterial culture equipment includes a fermentation tank, a stirring device 4 and a centrifugal device 9, and also includes a turbidity detection device 5; the fermentation tank has a first chamber 1 and a third chamber connected in sequence from top to bottom. There are two chambers 2 and a third chamber 3. The lower end of the third chamber 3 is provided with a drain port 6; the stirring device 4 is arranged on the fermentation tank, and its stirring paddle is located in the first chamber 1 and the second chamber 3. In the chamber 2; the turbidity detection device 5 is arranged in the third chamber 3, and the liquid inlet of the centrifugal device 9 is connected to the liquid outlet 6 through a vertical pipe 7.

This bacterial cell culture equipment establishes a first chamber 1, a second chamber 2 and a third chamber 3 connected in sequence from top to bottom in the fermentation tank. The first chamber 1 can be used to ferment and culture the bacterial cells, and the first chamber 1 can be used to ferment and culture the bacterial cells. The second chamber 2 can enrich the bacterial cells, and the third chamber 3 can fully aggregate and settle the bacterial cells, reducing the volume of the culture solution brought out when the materials are discharged. Therefore, there is no need to add devices such as vortex sinks, circulation pumps, and circulation pipes. The bacterial cells can be concentrated, simplifying the equipment structure, and improving the convenience of equipment control and production efficiency; at the same time, by placing the stirring paddle of the stirring device 4 in the first chamber 1 and the second chamber 2, on the one hand, The culture medium and bacterial seed liquid added to the first chamber 1 are stirred so that the bacterial seeds can fully absorb nutrients and achieve a good fermentation culture effect. On the other hand, the bacteria enriched in the second chamber 2 can be stirred. The body is stirred to maintain the activity of the bacteria; in addition, by setting the turbidity detection device 5 in the third chamber 3, it is convenient to detect the turbidity of the liquid in the third chamber 3 in real time, and centrifuge the liquid through the vertical pipe 7 The liquid inlet of the device 9 is connected to the liquid outlet 6 at the lower end of the third chamber 3, which is conducive to promptly discharging the material into the centrifugal device 9 after meeting the turbidity requirements, so as to quickly centrifuge the material to obtain active bacterial mud, which is conducive to Maintenance of bacterial activity.

Among them, the fermentation tank is the main component of the bacterial culture equipment. The first chamber 1 it has is the main part of the fermentation tank bacterial culture. The first chamber 1 usually needs to ensure a large enough volume. It is preferable to make the first chamber 1 The volume of chamber 1 accounts for 65 to 75% of the total volume of the fermentation tank; the second chamber 2 of the fermentation tank is mainly used as a sedimentation chamber for bacteria. The second chamber 2 needs to be smaller than the first chamber 1 to achieve enrichment of bacteria. At the same time, the volume of the second chamber 2 needs to be able to accommodate the stirring paddle extending into it to facilitate stirring and maintain the activity of the bacterial cells. It is preferred that the volume of the second chamber 2 accounts for 20% of the total volume of the fermentation tank. ~30%; the third chamber 3 of the fermentation tank is mainly used to fully gather and settle the bacterial cells. The volume of the third chamber 3 should be small enough to reduce the volume of the culture liquid brought out when the bacterial cells are discharged. It is preferable to make the third chamber 3 The volume of chamber 3 accounts for 2 to 5% of the total volume of the fermentation tank; the drain port 6 opened at the lower end of the third chamber 3 is mainly used to discharge the material formed after the bacteria have fully accumulated and settled. The drain port 6 is usually A control switch for opening and closing the drain port 6 is provided.

In order to facilitate the fermentation culture, enrichment and sedimentation of bacterial cells, preferably as shown in Figure 1, the first chamber 1 includes a cylindrical body and an inverted conical bottom located at the lower end of the cylindrical body. The second chamber 2 and the third chamber 3 are both inverted conical structures, and the first chamber 1, the second chamber 2 and the third chamber 3 are coaxially arranged. The cylindrical main body of the first chamber 1 is conducive to stirring and can provide a suitable environment for the growth of bacterial cells; the inverted conical bottom of the first chamber 1 is conducive to the flow of the grown bacterial cells towards the second chamber 2; the inverted conical shape The second chamber 2 of the structure is conducive to the enrichment of bacterial cells and facilitates the flow of enriched bacterial cells towards the third chamber 3; the third chamber 3 of the inverted conical structure is conducive to the settlement of enriched bacterial cells and ensures efflux. Only a small amount of culture fluid is taken out when feeding materials.

On the basis of the above, in order to further optimize the structure of the fermentation tank, the diameter of the connection between the first chamber 1 and the second chamber 2 is 40 to 50% of the diameter of the cylindrical body of the first chamber 1 to ensure that the The bacteria in the second chamber 2 will not easily return to the first chamber 1, and it is conducive to the air in the first chamber 1 entering the second chamber 2; making the connection between the second chamber 2 and the third chamber 3 The diameter is 30 to 40% of the diameter of the upper end of the third chamber 3 to ensure that the third chamber 3 can fully enrich and settle the bacteria, and further prevent excessive discharge of culture fluid when discharging materials; making the third chamber The taper of 3 is 0.7:1 ~ 1.2:1 to ensure that the bacteria fully settle at the bottom of the third chamber 3, and to make the third chamber 3 have a sufficient height to reduce the flow of the funnel and facilitate the installation of turbidity detection Device 5, convenient for cleaning.

The stirring device 4 is mainly used to stir the culture medium and bacterial seed liquid added into the first chamber 1 so that the bacterial seeds can fully absorb nutrients and achieve good fermentation and culture effects; the stirring device 4 can also stir the second chamber The enriched bacterial cells in chamber 2 are stirred to maintain the activity of the bacterial cells; the stirring device 4 generally includes a stirring shaft installed vertically on the fermentation tank and extending into the first chamber 1 and the second chamber 2. The stirring blades on the stirring shaft, and the stirring motor arranged on the fermentation tank and drivingly connected to the stirring shaft; the stirring shaft and the stirring blades together form the stirring blade of the stirring device 4 . The stirring motor is used to drive the stirring shaft to rotate, and is preferably a servo motor.

The turbidity detection device 5 is mainly used to detect the turbidity of the liquid in the third chamber 3, so that the staff can judge the concentration of bacteria in it; the turbidity detection device 5 can be of many types, such as: turbidity detector, turbidity detector, etc. Detection sensors, etc.

The vertical pipeline 7 is a vertically arranged transportation pipeline, which is mainly used to transport materials discharged from fermentation tanks; for transportation control, a valve 8 is usually provided on the vertical pipeline 7, and the valve 8 can be of various types, such as: manual valves, solenoid valves, etc.

The centrifugal device 9 is mainly used to separate the bacterial cells in the material. It usually uses a solid-liquid centrifuge, preferably a disc centrifuge.

The invention also provides a bacterial culture method that can improve substrate utilization and product yield. The method uses the above bacterial culture equipment to produce bacterial cells.

Specifically, the above method includes a fermentation step, a sedimentation step and a separation step;

Fermentation step: first add the sterilized culture medium into the fermentation tank through the first chamber 1, then add the bacterial seed liquid into the fermentation tank through the first chamber 1, and start the stirring device 4 at the same time for stirring and fermentation; The stirring speed of the stirring device 4 in this step is generally such that the bacterial seeds can be suspended in the culture medium; the inoculation density of the bacterial seeds in the bacterial seed liquid is usually 1×10 ⁵ to 5×10 ⁵ CFU/mL;

Sedimentation step: According to the sedimentation step cycle operation, when the bacterial seed fermentation reaches the logarithmic growth phase, stop the stirring device 4; after 3 to 8 minutes, start the stirring device 4 again to stir for 0.5 to 2 minutes at a speed of 2 to 10 rpm, so that part of the bacteria The body settles into the third chamber 3; after that, the stirring fermentation is continued according to the stirring method of the fermentation step; the logarithmic growth phase is when the microbial fermentation system proliferates, and after a certain period of growth, the specific growth rate reaches the maximum stage;

Separation step: When the turbidity detection device 5 detects that the turbidity of the liquid in the third chamber 3 exceeds the set value, the material is discharged to the centrifuge device 9 through the vertical pipe 7, and the volume of the discharged material is the volume of the third chamber 3. 80~150% of the material; after discharging the material, replenish the culture fluid in the first chamber 1, and the volume of the added culture fluid is equal to the volume of the discharged material; the material discharged into the centrifuge device 9 is discharged in the centrifuge device 9 at a temperature of 10000~ Centrifuge at a speed of 20,000 rpm to obtain active bacterial mud; in this step, the number of times the material is discharged is one more than the number of times the culture solution is added, that is, no more culture solution is added after the last time the material is discharged, and the material is usually discharged 2 to 5 times Second-rate. The value set in the turbidity detection device 5 is generally set according to the type of cultured bacteria, and is usually set to 7000 to 10000 NTU.

This bacterial culture method uses the above bacterial culture equipment to produce bacterial cells, and effectively controls the stirring speed and settling time, which is beneficial to cultivating the bacterial cells and allowing them to effectively settle into the third chamber 3, and effectively reduces the number of bacterial cells during fermentation. amount to improve substrate utilization; in addition, the same volume of culture fluid is added after the material is discharged to continue culturing to ensure that the culture and separation of bacteria are carried out at the same time, which not only extends the fermentation time, but also further improves substrate utilization. The product yield is improved, and the online separation of bacterial cells can be realized, which is conducive to timely separation of bacterial cells and maintaining good activity.

Example 1

Utilize the bacterial culture equipment and bacterial culture equipment method provided by the present invention to continuously cultivate yeast;

In this embodiment, the total volume of the fermentation tank used is about 650L. The height of the cylindrical body of the first chamber 1 is 75cm and the diameter is 80cm. The height of the inverted conical bottom of the first chamber 1 is 20cm. , the lower end diameter is 35cm; the height of the inverted conical second chamber 2 is 100cm, and the upper and lower end diameters are 80cm and 10cm respectively; the height of the inverted conical third chamber 3 is 53cm, and the upper end diameter is 42cm; the first The respective volumes of chamber 1, second chamber 2, and third chamber 3 account for approximately 66%, 30%, and 4% of the total volume of the fermentation tank, respectively.

When cultivating, first pump 500L yeast wort culture medium into the fermentation tank and sterilize it, then add Zygosaccharomyces rouxii seed liquid into the fermentation tank, with an inoculation density of 10 ⁵ CFU/mL, and inoculate Then culture it in a 30°C environment, and start the stirring device 4 at the same time to perform stirring and fermentation at a rotation speed of 200 rpm;

After cultivating for 24 hours, the logarithmic growth phase is reached. Stop stirring and let the fermentation liquid stand for 5 minutes. Then start the stirring device 4 to stir for 1 minute at a speed of 5 rpm to allow part of the bacterial cells to settle into the third chamber 3. After that, stir The device 4 is adjusted to 200rpm, and the stirring and fermentation are continued; after the culture is continued for 5 hours, the logarithmic growth phase is reached again, the stirring is stopped, and the fermentation liquid is allowed to stand for 5 minutes; then the stirring device 4 is started to stir for 1 minute at a speed of 5 rpm to allow part of the bacteria to settle into the In the third chamber 3, the reciprocating operation is performed like this;

When the turbidity detection device 5 detects that the turbidity of the liquid in the third chamber 3 reaches 10,000 NTU, the valve 8 is opened to discharge the material to the centrifuge device 9 through the vertical pipe 7. The volume of the discharged material is about 30L; after the material is discharged, it is fermented The feed port of the tank adds a glucose solution with a mass concentration of 3% into the first chamber 1, and the volume of the added glucose solution is equal to the volume of the discharged material; the material discharged into the centrifuge device 9 is Centrifuge at a rotation speed of 10,000 rpm to obtain active yeast slime.

Continue the aforementioned culture operation for continuous culture until all materials are discharged after adding glucose solution twice, ending this production.

It has been verified that the Zygosaccharomyces ruckeri cultured in this embodiment can obtain 2 to 2.5 kg of yeast mud per 100L of culture fluid, which is the same as the Zygosaccharomyces ruckeri cultured by the traditional method (1.8 to 2kg of yeast can be obtained per 100L of culture fluid). Compared with bacteria mud), the yield is significantly increased. Adding protective agents to make active freeze-dried bacteria powder has no significant difference in the number of viable bacteria compared with traditional methods.

Example 2

Utilize the bacterial culture equipment and bacterial culture equipment method provided by the present invention to continuously cultivate Lactobacillus plantarum;

In this embodiment, the total volume of the fermentation tank used is about 2500L. The height of the cylindrical body of the first chamber 1 is 1 m and the diameter is 1.36 cm. The height of the inverted conical bottom of the first chamber 1 is 30cm, the lower end diameter is 43cm; the height of the inverted conical second chamber 2 is 107cm, and the upper and lower diameters are 136cm and 36.5cm respectively; the height of the inverted conical third chamber 3 is 57cm, and the upper end diameter is 57cm; The respective volumes of the first chamber 1, the second chamber 2, and the third chamber 3 respectively account for approximately 68%, 30%, and 2% of the total volume of the fermentation tank.

When cultivating, first pump 2000 LMRS culture medium into the fermentation tank and sterilize it, then add the Lactobacillus plantarum seed liquid into the fermentation tank with an inoculation density of 10 ⁵ CFU/mL. After inoculation, incubate at 37°C Cultivate in the environment, and at the same time start the stirring device 4 to perform stirring and fermentation at a rotation speed of 100 rpm;

After cultivating for 24 hours, the logarithmic growth phase is reached. Stop stirring and let the fermentation liquid stand for 8 minutes. Then start the stirring device 4 to stir for 30 seconds at a speed of 2 rpm to allow part of the bacterial cells to settle into the third chamber 3. After that, stir The device 4 is adjusted to 100 rpm, and the stirring and fermentation are continued; after continuing to culture for 5 hours, the logarithmic growth phase is reached again, the stirring is stopped, and the fermentation liquid is allowed to stand for 8 minutes; then the stirring device 4 is started to stir for 30 seconds at a speed of 2 rpm to allow part of the bacterial cells to settle into the In the third chamber 3, the reciprocating operation is performed like this;

When the turbidity detection device 5 detects that the turbidity of the liquid in the third chamber 3 reaches 7000NTU, the valve 8 is opened to discharge the material to the centrifuge device 9 through the vertical pipe 7. The volume of the discharged material is about 40L; after the material is discharged, it is fermented The feed port of the tank adds a glucose solution with a mass concentration of 5% into the first chamber 1, and the volume of the added glucose solution is equal to the volume of the discharged material; the material discharged into the centrifuge device 9 is discharged from the centrifuge device 9 Centrifuge at a rotation speed of 15,000 rpm to obtain active lactic acid bacteria mud.

Continue the aforementioned culture operation for continuous culture until all materials are discharged after adding glucose solution 3 times to end this production.

It has been verified that the Lactobacillus plantarum cultured in this embodiment can obtain 1.2-1.8kg of lactic acid bacteria mud per 100L of culture fluid, which is the same as the Lactobacillus plantarum cultured by the traditional method (1-1.5kg of lactic acid bacteria mud can be obtained per 100L of culture fluid). ), the yield is significantly increased. Adding a protective agent to make active freeze-dried bacteria powder has no significant difference in the number of viable bacteria compared with the traditional method.

Claims (9)

1. Thallus culture equipment, including fermentation cylinder, agitating unit (4) and centrifugal device (9), its characterized in that: also comprises a turbidity detection device (5); the fermentation tank is provided with a first chamber (1), a second chamber (2) and a third chamber (3) which are sequentially connected from top to bottom, and the lower end of the third chamber (3) is provided with a liquid outlet (6); the stirring device (4) is arranged on the fermentation tank, and stirring paddles of the stirring device are arranged in the first chamber (1) and the second chamber (2); the turbidity detection device (5) is arranged in the third chamber (3), and a liquid inlet of the centrifugal device (9) is connected with the liquid outlet (6) through a vertical pipeline (7); the first chamber (1) comprises a cylindrical main body and an inverted conical bottom arranged at the lower end of the cylindrical main body, the second chamber (2) and the third chamber (3) are of inverted conical structures, and the first chamber (1), the second chamber (2) and the third chamber (3) are coaxially arranged.

2. The cell culture apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the stirring device (4) comprises a stirring shaft which is vertically arranged on the fermentation tank and extends into the first chamber (1) and the second chamber (2), stirring paddles which are arranged on the stirring shaft, and a stirring motor which is arranged on the fermentation tank and is in transmission connection with the stirring shaft; the stirring shaft and the stirring blade jointly form a stirring paddle of the stirring device (4).

3. The cell culture apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: and a valve (8) is arranged on the vertical pipeline (7).

4. The cell culture apparatus according to claim 1, wherein: the centrifugal device (9) is a disc type centrifugal machine.

5. The cell culture apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein: the volume of the first chamber (1) is 65-75% of the total volume of the fermentation tank, the volume of the second chamber (2) is 20-30% of the total volume of the fermentation tank, and the volume of the third chamber (3) is 2-5% of the total volume of the fermentation tank.

6. The cell culture apparatus according to claim 5, wherein: the diameter of the joint of the first chamber (1) and the second chamber (2) is 40-50% of the diameter of the cylindrical main body of the first chamber (1), and the diameter of the joint of the second chamber (2) and the third chamber (3) is 30-40% of the diameter of the upper end of the third chamber (3).

7. The cell culture apparatus according to claim 6, wherein: the taper of the third chamber (3) is 0.7:1-1.2:1.

8. A method for culturing a fungus body, characterized by comprising the steps of: producing a cell using the cell culture apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

9. The method for culturing a fungus according to claim 8, wherein: comprises a fermentation step, a sedimentation step and a separation step;

fermentation: firstly, adding a sterilized culture medium into a fermentation tank through a first chamber (1), then adding a thallus seed liquid into the fermentation tank through the first chamber (1), and simultaneously starting a stirring device (4) to perform stirring fermentation;

sedimentation step: stopping the stirring device (4) after the fermentation of the thallus seeds reaches the logarithmic phase; after 3-8 min, starting the stirring device (4) to stir for 0.5-2 min at the rotating speed of 2-10 rpm, so that part of thalli is settled into the third chamber (3); then, stirring and fermenting are continuously carried out according to the stirring mode of the fermentation step;

separating: circularly operating according to a sedimentation step, and discharging materials to a centrifugal device (9) through a vertical pipeline (7) after the turbidity detection device (5) detects that the turbidity of the liquid in the third chamber (3) exceeds a set value, wherein the volume of the discharged materials is 80-150% of the volume of the third chamber (3); after the materials are discharged, supplementing culture solution into the first chamber (1), wherein the volume of the supplemented culture solution is equal to that of the discharged materials; and (3) centrifugally separating the material discharged into the centrifugal device (9) at the rotating speed of 10000-20000 rpm to obtain the bacterial active mud.