CN113797735A - Tail gas treatment method based on ammonia desulphurization - Google Patents
Tail gas treatment method based on ammonia desulphurization Download PDFInfo
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- CN113797735A CN113797735A CN202111206311.XA CN202111206311A CN113797735A CN 113797735 A CN113797735 A CN 113797735A CN 202111206311 A CN202111206311 A CN 202111206311A CN 113797735 A CN113797735 A CN 113797735A
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- tail gas
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- incinerator
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- QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonia Chemical compound N QGZKDVFQNNGYKY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 title claims abstract description 64
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 36
- 229910021529 ammonia Inorganic materials 0.000 title claims abstract description 30
- 238000001816 cooling Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 32
- NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N Sulfur Chemical compound [S] NINIDFKCEFEMDL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 29
- 229910052717 sulfur Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 239000011593 sulfur Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 238000006243 chemical reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 24
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 17
- VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N Ammonium hydroxide Chemical compound [NH4+].[OH-] VHUUQVKOLVNVRT-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 235000011114 ammonium hydroxide Nutrition 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000007599 discharging Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 230000003647 oxidation Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 238000007254 oxidation reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 7
- 239000007789 gas Substances 0.000 claims description 87
- QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N atomic oxygen Chemical compound [O] QVGXLLKOCUKJST-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 16
- 229910052760 oxygen Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 16
- 239000001301 oxygen Substances 0.000 claims description 16
- 238000001514 detection method Methods 0.000 claims description 9
- 239000007921 spray Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 239000003054 catalyst Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 239000011248 coating agent Substances 0.000 claims description 5
- 238000000576 coating method Methods 0.000 claims description 5
- 230000001590 oxidative effect Effects 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000011268 retreatment Methods 0.000 claims description 3
- 238000006477 desulfuration reaction Methods 0.000 abstract description 10
- 230000023556 desulfurization Effects 0.000 abstract description 10
- 208000012839 conversion disease Diseases 0.000 abstract description 2
- 230000002427 irreversible effect Effects 0.000 abstract description 2
- RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dihydrogen sulfide Chemical compound S RWSOTUBLDIXVET-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- 239000003595 mist Substances 0.000 description 5
- MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N Dioxygen Chemical compound O=O MYMOFIZGZYHOMD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 4
- 239000005864 Sulphur Substances 0.000 description 3
- 239000002253 acid Substances 0.000 description 3
- 238000011084 recovery Methods 0.000 description 3
- XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N water Substances O XLYOFNOQVPJJNP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon monoxide Chemical compound [O+]#[C-] UGFAIRIUMAVXCW-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000006227 byproduct Substances 0.000 description 2
- 239000003245 coal Substances 0.000 description 2
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 2
- 239000003546 flue gas Substances 0.000 description 2
- 229910000037 hydrogen sulfide Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 description 2
- VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N methane Chemical compound C VNWKTOKETHGBQD-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 239000002351 wastewater Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000010521 absorption reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000009286 beneficial effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000004891 communication Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000498 cooling water Substances 0.000 description 1
- 230000007613 environmental effect Effects 0.000 description 1
- 239000013505 freshwater Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000000446 fuel Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002309 gasification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000003345 natural gas Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000002640 oxygen therapy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 150000002978 peroxides Chemical class 0.000 description 1
- 239000000047 product Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002994 raw material Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000004064 recycling Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000000126 substance Substances 0.000 description 1
- 150000003568 thioethers Chemical class 0.000 description 1
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Classifications
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- B—PERFORMING OPERATIONS; TRANSPORTING
- B01—PHYSICAL OR CHEMICAL PROCESSES OR APPARATUS IN GENERAL
- B01D—SEPARATION
- B01D53/00—Separation of gases or vapours; Recovering vapours of volatile solvents from gases; Chemical or biological purification of waste gases, e.g. engine exhaust gases, smoke, fumes, flue gases, aerosols
- B01D53/34—Chemical or biological purification of waste gases
- B01D53/46—Removing components of defined structure
- B01D53/48—Sulfur compounds
- B01D53/50—Sulfur oxides
- B01D53/501—Sulfur oxides by treating the gases with a solution or a suspension of an alkali or earth-alkali or ammonium compound
-
- F—MECHANICAL ENGINEERING; LIGHTING; HEATING; WEAPONS; BLASTING
- F23—COMBUSTION APPARATUS; COMBUSTION PROCESSES
- F23G—CREMATION FURNACES; CONSUMING WASTE PRODUCTS BY COMBUSTION
- F23G7/00—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals
- F23G7/06—Incinerators or other apparatus for consuming industrial waste, e.g. chemicals of waste gases or noxious gases, e.g. exhaust gases
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- Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Environmental & Geological Engineering (AREA)
- Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Mechanical Engineering (AREA)
- General Engineering & Computer Science (AREA)
- Health & Medical Sciences (AREA)
- Biomedical Technology (AREA)
- Analytical Chemistry (AREA)
- General Chemical & Material Sciences (AREA)
- Oil, Petroleum & Natural Gas (AREA)
- Chemical Kinetics & Catalysis (AREA)
- Treating Waste Gases (AREA)
Abstract
The invention discloses a tail gas treatment method based on ammonia desulphurization, and relates to the field of tail gas treatment. The invention relates to a tail gas treatment method based on ammonia desulphurization, which comprises the following steps: burning the tail gas to be treated to convert the sulfur contained in the tail gas into SO2By oxidation of SO2Conversion to SO3Will contain SO3Cooling the tail gas, reacting the cooled tail gas with ammonia water to obtain ammonium sulfate, discharging the ammonium sulfate, cooling and demisting the reacted tail gas, discharging the tail gas after reaching the standard, and burning the tail gas again and performing the steps if the tail gas does not reach the standard. SO in the invention3The reaction with ammonium sulfate is irreversible, the reaction conversion rate is high, higher desulfurization efficiency can be realized in the treatment process, and SO is contained in the discharged gas3Concentration of less than5mg/m3，SO2The concentration is less than 200mg/m3To achieve the national standard and pass through the conventional SO2When the ammonium sulfate is prepared for desulfurization, the desulfurization rate is generally difficult to exceed 95 percent.
Description
Technical Field
The invention relates to the technical field of tail gas treatment, in particular to a tail gas treatment method based on ammonia desulphurization.
Background
In the production processes of petrochemical industry, coal chemical industry and the like, sulfur in raw materials is finally converted into tail gas containing hydrogen sulfide in the processing process, and the hydrogen sulfide is para-ampereIn some plants with by-product liquid ammonia or ammonia water, such as natural gas production plants by low-temperature and low-pressure gasification of coal, the ammonia desulfurization process can be used to convert all or part of the sulfur in the acid gas into ammonium sulfate in consideration of the sale and export of the liquid ammonia or ammonia water. Typically, for small-scale sulfur recovery systems, below several thousand tons per year, all of the acid gas can be incinerated and the sulfides converted to SO2And then reacted with ammonia to produce ammonium sulfate, whereas for large scale sulfur recovery systems, for example, where the sulfur content in the tail gas is tens of thousands of tons, the yield of by-product ammonia is insufficient to completely react with the sulfur in the sour gas, then the claus process can be used to convert most of the sulfur in the sour gas to sulfur, and the remaining about 5% of the sulfur is used to produce ammonium sulfate. At present, the conventional ammonia desulphurization process is mainly applied to flue gas desulphurization, namely SO in flue gas of a power plant or a boiler2Conversion to ammonium sulfate has extended in recent years to the desulfurization of sour gases, also by first incinerating the sour gas to SO2Then SO is desulfurized by ammonia method2Converted to ammonium sulfate.
Conventional ammonia desulfurization process for SO2The absorption efficiency is low, generally only about 90-95%, in some tail gas emission factories with low sulfur content, the desulfurized tail gas can meet the emission standard, but in factories with high sulfur content, the SO of the burnt tail gas is generally reduced2The concentration of SO is 2-3 percent, SO that the concentration of SO is high2The concentration can not meet the emission standard by the conventional ammonia desulphurization process.
Disclosure of Invention
The invention aims to provide a tail gas treatment method based on ammonia desulphurization, so as to solve the problems in the background.
In order to solve the technical problems, the invention is realized by the following technical scheme:
the invention relates to a tail gas treatment method based on ammonia desulphurization, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting the discharged tail gas;
step two: will be at the tailThe gas is fed to an incinerator where the tail gas is incinerated to convert the sulfur contained therein to SO2；
Step three: conveying the incinerated tail gas to an oxidation furnace, and oxidizing SO in the tail gas2Conversion to SO3；
Step four: conveying the oxidized tail gas to a cooling chamber for cooling;
step five: conveying the cooled tail gas into a reaction furnace, conveying ammonia water into the reaction furnace, and discharging ammonium sulfate obtained after the ammonia water reacts with the tail gas;
step six: conveying the tail gas in the reaction furnace to a treatment furnace, and cooling and demisting the tail gas;
step seven: detecting the sulfur content of the cooled and demisted tail gas, discharging the tail gas after reaching the detection standard, and conveying the tail gas to the incinerator for retreatment when the tail gas does not reach the detection standard;
preferably, the temperature of the incinerator is controlled at 900-.
Preferably, the incinerator is internally communicated with an oxygen delivery pipe and a combustion-supporting pipe, the oxygen delivery pipe introduces oxygen into the incinerator, the combustion-supporting pipe introduces combustion-supporting gas into the incinerator, the oxygen content in the incinerator is ensured to be not less than 2% by arranging the oxygen delivery pipe, the peroxide in the incinerator is combusted fully, the temperature in the incinerator is ensured by arranging the combustion-supporting pipe, the combustion-supporting gas can be pure oxygen, air provided by an air blower or oxygen-enriched mixed gas formed by mixing air and pure oxygen according to a certain proportion.
Preferably, the oxidation furnace is provided with a honeycomb Pt coating as a catalyst, compared with the traditional V2O2As a catalyst, the honeycomb Pt coating can provide higher conversion, and the honeycomb structure is advantageous in providing a larger contact surface and smaller pressure loss.
Preferably, the cooling temperature of the cooling chamber is controlled below 80 ℃.
Preferably, the inlet of the reaction furnace is provided with a sulfur content detector, and the sulfur content in the tail gas entering the reaction furnace is detected by the sulfur content detector, so that a proper amount of ammonia water is input, the input amount of the ammonia water is controlled under the condition that the chemical reaction is fully performed, and resources are saved.
Preferably, the cooling temperature of the furnace is controlled below 40 ℃ to condense most of the gaseous water in the off-gas.
Preferably, the cooling mode of the treatment furnace adopts spray cooling, the efficiency of the spray cooling is low in cost and high in efficiency compared with other cooling modes, and a small amount of ammonia and ammonium sulfate carried in tail gas can be washed away.
Preferably, the detection standard for detecting the sulfur content of the cooled and demisted tail gas is as follows: SO (SO)3The concentration is less than 5mg/m3，SO2The concentration is less than 200mg/m3。
The invention has the following beneficial effects:
1. the invention relates to a tail gas treatment method based on ammonia desulphurization, and SO3The reaction with ammonium sulfate is irreversible, the reaction conversion rate is high, higher desulfurization efficiency can be realized in the treatment process, and SO is contained in the discharged gas3The concentration is less than 5mg/m3，SO2The concentration is less than 200mg/m3To achieve the national standard and pass through the conventional SO2When the ammonium sulfate is prepared for desulfurization, the desulfurization rate is generally difficult to exceed 95 percent.
2. The tail gas treatment method based on ammonia desulphurization has the advantages that the purity of the recovered ammonium sulfate is high, and the recovery rate of sulfur is high.
3. According to the tail gas treatment method based on ammonia desulphurization, ammonia escape and excessive wastewater discharge are avoided in the desulphurization process, the reaction heat release can be effectively utilized, excessive additional fuel is not needed, and the method meets the environmental protection requirement better.
Of course, it is not necessary for any product in which the invention is practiced to achieve all of the above-described advantages at the same time.
Drawings
In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments will be briefly introduced below, and it is obvious that the drawings in the following description are only some embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious for those skilled in the art that other drawings can be obtained according to the drawings without creative efforts.
FIG. 1 is a flow chart of the operation of a tail gas treatment method based on ammonia desulfurization.
Detailed Description
The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention, and it is obvious that the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments. All other embodiments, which can be derived by a person skilled in the art from the embodiments given herein without making any creative effort, shall fall within the protection scope of the present invention.
Please refer to fig. 1: the invention relates to a tail gas treatment method based on ammonia desulphurization, which comprises the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting the discharged tail gas;
step two: conveying the tail gas into an incinerator, incinerating the tail gas, and converting sulfur contained in the tail gas into SO2；
Step three: conveying the incinerated tail gas to an oxidation furnace, and oxidizing SO in the tail gas2Conversion to SO3；
Step four: conveying the oxidized tail gas to a cooling chamber for cooling;
step five: conveying the cooled tail gas into a reaction furnace, conveying ammonia water into the reaction furnace, and discharging ammonium sulfate obtained after the ammonia water reacts with the tail gas;
step six: conveying the tail gas in the reaction furnace to a treatment furnace, and cooling and demisting the tail gas;
step seven: detecting the sulfur content of the cooled and demisted tail gas, discharging the tail gas after reaching the detection standard, and conveying the tail gas to the incinerator for retreatment when the tail gas does not reach the detection standard;
further, the temperature of the incinerator was controlled at 900-.
Furthermore, an oxygen pipe and a combustion-supporting pipe are communicated in the incinerator, the oxygen content in the incinerator is guaranteed by the aid of the oxygen pipe, the oxygen content is not lower than 2%, the oxygen in the incinerator is burnt fully, the temperature in the incinerator is guaranteed by the aid of the combustion-supporting pipe, and the combustion-supporting gas can be pure oxygen, air provided by an air blower or oxygen-enriched mixed gas formed by mixing the air and the pure oxygen in a certain ratio.
Further, the oxidation furnace is provided with a honeycomb Pt coating as a catalyst, compared with the traditional V2O2As a catalyst, the honeycomb Pt coating can provide higher conversion, and the honeycomb structure is advantageous in providing a larger contact surface and smaller pressure loss.
Further, the cooling temperature of the cooling chamber is controlled to be below 80 ℃.
Further, the entrance of reacting furnace is provided with and contains the sulphur content detector, and the oxygen therapy pipe lets in oxygen in the incinerator, and combustion-supporting pipe lets in combustion-supporting gas in the incinerator, contains the sulphur content detector through setting up, detects the sulphur content in the tail gas that gets into the reacting furnace to input appropriate amount of aqueous ammonia, under the circumstances that makes chemical reaction fully go on, the input of control aqueous ammonia, resources are saved.
Further, the cooling temperature of the treatment furnace is controlled below 40 ℃, so that most of gaseous water in the tail gas is condensed.
Furthermore, the cooling mode of the treatment furnace adopts spray cooling, the spray cooling efficiency is lower in cost and higher in efficiency compared with other cooling modes, and a small amount of ammonia and ammonium sulfate carried in tail gas can be washed off.
Further, the detection standard for detecting the sulfur content of the cooled and demisted tail gas is as follows: SO (SO)3The concentration is less than 5mg/m3，SO2The concentration is less than 200mg/m3。
In this embodiment, the mist removing method is not particularly limited, and a mist remover known in the art may be used, and preferably a high-voltage electrostatic mist remover having a high-voltage electrostatic mist removerMore stable treatment effect, and can ensure SO even if front end cooling spray can not be normally carried out3The concentration of the acid mist is reduced to 5mg/m3The following.
In the scheme, fresh water can be used as cooling water, and waste water generated in other links can be adopted for recycling water resources, so that the cost can be saved, the environment-friendly effect is achieved, and the whole cooling link is more perfect.
In the description of the present specification, it is to be understood that the terms "upper", "lower", "vertical", "horizontal", "top", "bottom", "inner", "outer", and the like, indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the drawings, are only for convenience in describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a particular orientation, be constructed and operated in a particular orientation, and thus, should not be construed as limiting the invention. In the description of the present invention, "a plurality" means two or more unless specifically defined otherwise.
In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise explicitly specified or limited, the terms "mounted," "connected," and "connected" are to be construed broadly, e.g., as meaning either a fixed connection, a removable connection, or an integral connection; may be mechanically connected, may be electrically connected or may be in communication with each other; either directly or indirectly through intervening media, either internally or in any other relationship. The specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention can be understood by those skilled in the art according to specific situations.
In the present invention, unless otherwise expressly stated or limited, "above" or "below" a first feature means that the first and second features are in direct contact, or that the first and second features are not in direct contact but are in contact with each other via another feature therebetween. Also, the first feature being "on," "above" and "over" the second feature includes the first feature being directly on and obliquely above the second feature, or merely indicating that the first feature is at a higher level than the second feature. A first feature being "under," "below," and "beneath" a second feature includes the first feature being directly under and obliquely below the second feature, or simply meaning that the first feature is at a lesser elevation than the second feature.
The following disclosure provides many different embodiments or examples for implementing different features of the invention. To simplify the disclosure of the present invention, the components and arrangements of specific examples are described below. Of course, they are merely examples and are not intended to limit the present invention. Furthermore, the present invention may repeat reference numerals and/or letters in the various examples, such repetition is for the purpose of simplicity and clarity and does not in itself dictate a relationship between the various embodiments and/or configurations discussed.
Claims (9)
1. A tail gas treatment method based on ammonia desulphurization is characterized by comprising the following steps:
the method comprises the following steps: firstly, collecting the discharged tail gas;
step two: conveying the tail gas into an incinerator, incinerating the tail gas, and converting sulfur contained in the tail gas into SO2；
Step three: conveying the incinerated tail gas to an oxidation furnace, and oxidizing SO in the tail gas2Conversion to SO3；
Step four: conveying the oxidized tail gas to a cooling chamber for cooling;
step five: conveying the cooled tail gas into a reaction furnace, conveying ammonia water into the reaction furnace, and discharging ammonium sulfate obtained after the ammonia water reacts with the tail gas;
step six: conveying the tail gas in the reaction furnace to a treatment furnace, and cooling and demisting the tail gas;
step seven: and (4) detecting the sulfur content of the cooled and demisted tail gas, discharging the tail gas after reaching the detection standard, and conveying the tail gas to the incinerator again for retreatment if the tail gas does not reach the detection standard.
2. The method as claimed in claim 1, wherein the temperature of the incinerator is controlled at 900-1000 ℃.
3. The method for treating the tail gas based on the ammonia desulphurization according to claim 1, wherein an oxygen duct and a combustion-supporting duct are communicated in the incinerator, the oxygen duct introduces oxygen into the incinerator, and the combustion-supporting duct introduces combustion-supporting gas into the incinerator.
4. The method for treating the tail gas based on ammonia desulphurization according to claim 1, wherein a honeycomb Pt coating is arranged in the oxidation furnace as a catalyst.
5. The method for treating the tail gas based on ammonia desulphurization according to claim 1, wherein the cooling temperature of the cooling chamber is controlled below 80 ℃.
6. The method for treating the tail gas based on ammonia desulphurization according to claim 1, wherein a sulfur content detector is arranged at the inlet of the reaction furnace.
7. The method for treating the tail gas based on ammonia desulphurization according to claim 1, wherein the cooling temperature of the treatment furnace is controlled below 40 ℃.
8. The method for treating the tail gas based on the ammonia desulphurization, according to the claim 1, is characterized in that the cooling mode of the treatment furnace adopts spray cooling.
9. The method for treating tail gas based on ammonia desulphurization according to claim 1, wherein the detection standard for detecting the sulfur content of the cooled and demisted tail gas is as follows: SO (SO)3The concentration is less than 5mg/m3，SO2The concentration is less than 200mg/m3。
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| CN202111206311.XA CN113797735A (en) | 2021-10-16 | 2021-10-16 | Tail gas treatment method based on ammonia desulphurization |
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2021
- 2021-10-16 CN CN202111206311.XA patent/CN113797735A/en active Pending
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Application publication date: 20211217 |